Breastfeeding Problems Research Articles

An extension of the theory of planned behaviour to predict exclusive breastfeeding among Australian mother-father dyads using structural equation modelling.

The objective of this paper was to examine the predictors of breastfeeding exclusivity at two time-points (6 and 26 weeks postpartum) using a dyadic mother-father extended model of the theory of planned behaviour. A sample of 1139 first-time Australian mother-father dyads completed measures of each of the Theory of Planned Behaviour variables (intention, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) and additional psychosocial and behavioural predictors of breastfeeding, including problems with breastfeeding, psychological distress, childcare stress, partner support, and the frequency and time of first public breastfeed. Confirmatory factor analyses were used to determine the factor structures of the latent constructs to be included in the structural model. Structural equation modelling was used to model pathways between variables. Breastfeeding exclusivity at 6 weeks was significantly predicted by breastfeeding self-efficacy at 6 weeks, intention to exclusively breastfeed, and frequency of public breastfeeding over the month prior, whereas childcare stress, partner support, time of first public breastfeed, and fathers' variables (attitudes and subjective norms) had little influence. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between mothers' attitudes, psychological distress, and breastfeeding problems with breastfeeding exclusivity at 6 weeks. Breastfeeding exclusivity at 26 weeks was significantly predicted by mothers' attitudes, self-efficacy, breastfeeding exclusivity at 6 weeks, and frequency of public breastfeeding in the month prior. The results highlight the importance of breastfeeding self-efficacy and confidence to breastfeed in public as crucial constructs in promoting long-term exclusive breastfeeding and provides support for an extended theory of planned behaviour model in predicting breastfeeding outcomes.

Original theme: Problem of exclusive breastfeeding in the town of Kélo, province of Tandjile (Chad)

With the aim of evaluating the problem of breastfeeding (AME) exclusive of breast milk during the first 6 months of life, a prospective cross-sectional study was spread over a period of three months from May 10 to August 10. 2023. It involved 550 people, including 500 breastfeeding mothers of children aged 0 to 6 months and 50 health personnel. The study or investigation took place in five neighborhoods of the city of Kélo and in five urban health centers of the said city. The pre-established questionnaire sheets made it possible to collect the necessary data which were entered and analyzed using the SPSS version 25 software. The Pearson Chi-2 test was used at a threshold of 0.05 to investigate the relationship between the dependent variables and independent variables. he results showed that the average age of mothers is 32.50 and that of health personnel is 35.50. Married women number 474 or 94.8%, 49.40% are educated at the secondary level followed by 39.60% at the primary level. Almost all breastfeeding mothers are housewives, i.e. 65.80%. The proportions of mothers who practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding are 96.60% compared to 3.40% who practiced exclusive breastfeeding. Also a good proportion of mothers (26.40%) breastfed immediately after childbirth and the majority of these mothers breastfeed their children on demand (77.20%). Herbal tea and water were the main foods introduced into the infant's diet before the age of 6 months. Finally, our results showed that there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and factors such as the mother's profession, the place of delivery, the sex of the child, advice on AME, knowledge of the advantages of AME and the practice of AME immediately after delivery. Knowledge of the advantages of AME must be made more available to mothers in order to improve the health of newborns and even children.

The Importance of Motivational Interviewing Technique in Providing Breastfeeding Motivation in the Postpartum Period

Breastfeeding is an important period in terms of mother and baby health. In order to benefit from breast milk at the maximum level during the breastfeeding process, it is important for the mother to start breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth and to be able to maintain breastfeeding. In this process, physiological, psychological, social and motivational factors have an effect on the continuity and maintenance of breastfeeding. If the mother experiences any breastfeeding problem during breastfeeding, her motivation to breastfeed may decrease. In recent studies, breastfeeding trainings have been applied with different techniques to encourage mothers to breastfeed during the breastfeeding process, to support them to feel competent and strong in this process and to increase their motivation for breastfeeding, adapted to their individual needs. One of these techniques is the motivational interview technique. Motivational interviewing technique has a supportive role in helping mothers to adapt to the breastfeeding process, to determine their attitudes towards breastfeeding, to address their lack of knowledge about breastfeeding, their concerns about this process, to increase their confidence and intrinsic motivation about breastfeeding, and to continue breastfeeding by helping behaviour change when necessary. In this article, the importance of motivational interviewing technique in providing breastfeeding motivation in the postnatal period is explained.

The effect of on-site and on-call nurse on exclusive breastfeeding in two different hospital settings: a prospective observational cohort study

BackgroundExclusive breastfeeding during postpartum hospitalization is very important for ensuring the success of breastfeeding at home. The aim of the study is to determine if the on-site nurse in rooming in improves exclusive breastfeeding ratio.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational cohort study to evaluate exclusive breastfeeding during the first three months of life in two Neonatology Units in the South of Italy with different hospital settings: Ente Ecclesiastico Miulli of Acquaviva delle Fonti with on-site nurse h24 (on-site group) and Policlinico of Bari with nurse available on call h24 from Neonatology Unit (on-call group).ResultsA total of 564 mother-baby dyads were admitted from 3 January to 31 March 2018 (299 in on-site group and 265 in on-call group). In the overall population, exclusive breastfeeding rate was 76.4% at 90-days, confirming the role of nurse and rooming in, independently of modality of setting. Considering the way of delivery, in infants from cesarean section there were higher rates for exclusive breastfeeding at 30 and 90 days of life in on-site group.ConclusionsWe can assume that the presence of a nurse h24 could better identify breastfeeding problems. Our study suggests the role of on-site nurse during rooming in to encourage exclusive breastfeeding until three months of life in mothers who underwent caesarean section.

Effects of home care and e-mobile training/consultancy on women's postpartum symptoms and breastfeeding self-efficacy: a randomized clinical trial.

Most women experience breastfeeding problems and need changes due to postpartum physical symptoms and low breastfeeding self-efficacy. Postpartum home care and e-mobile training/consultancy has been introduced to address this issue. This study was conducted as a randomized controlled interventional study. The sample of the study consisted of 75 (home care group = 25, control group = 25, e-mobile training/consultancy group = 25) women who met the sample selection criteria, agreed to participate in the study, and were hospitalized in the postpartum ward of a City Hospital. Data were collected through the Personal Information Form, the Postpartum Physical Symptom Severity Scale and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES). In all postpartum stages, a statistically significant difference was detected between the home care, e-mobile training/consultancy and control group women in terms of the Postpartum Physical Symptoms Severity Scale and BSES total mean scores (P < .05). Interviews showed that the home care group had the lowest Postpartum Physical Symptom Severity Scale total mean scores and the highest BSES total mean scores (P < .05). Postpartum home visits and e-mobile training/consultancy should be considered a routine part of postpartum care. It is effective in reducing postpartum physical symptoms and increasing breastfeeding self-efficacy. In line with the results of this study, the use of home care and e-mobile training/consultancy is recommended to decrease physical symptoms and increase breastfeeding self-efficacy.

Diffuse optical spectroscopy of lactating and non-lactating human mammary physiology.

Breastfeeding provides widely recognized advantages for infant and maternal health. Unfortunately, many women experience trouble with breastfeeding. Nevertheless, few suitable imaging modalities are available to study human lactation and determine the possible causes of breastfeeding problems. In this study, we apply broadband, quantitative diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) for this purpose. We present a study of fourteen lactating and eight similarly aged, premenopausal, non-lactating women to investigate the feasibility of DOS to study the optical and physiological differences between 1) lactating and non-lactating breasts, 2) the areolar and non-areolar region within the breast, and 3) lactating breasts before and after milk extraction. Our study shows that i) the median total hemoglobin concentration [tHb] of the lactating breast is 51% higher than for the non-lactating breast. ii) the median [tHb] of the lactating breast is 37% higher in the areolar region compared to the non-areolar region. iii) lactating breasts exhibit a positive median difference of 8% in [tHb] after milk extraction. Our findings are consistent with the expected physiological changes that occur during the lactation period. Importantly, we show that DOS provides unique insight into breast tissue composition and physiology, serving as a foundation for future application of the technique in lactation research.

GERAY DASIF: Gerakan Ayah Dukung Asi Eksklusif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Peusangan Siblah Krueng

Many fathers are concerned about the low level of breastfeeding, but fathers do not show any action to provide proper support to their wives. The problem of exclusive breastfeeding also occurs in the Peusangan Siblah Krueng Health Center Work Area with babies aged 0-6 months who do not receive exclusive breastfeeding. This cannot be allowed to continue because exclusive breastfeeding is the main source of nutrition for growth and development. Activity Objectives: Creating GERAY DASIF: Fathers' Movement to Support Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Dewantara Health Center Work Area and increasing the active involvement of fathers in improving maternal and infant health. Community Service Methods: Identification of exclusive breastfeeding, identification of supporting factors for breastfeeding mothers in North Aceh, consultation and formation of fathers' groups, group management, monitoring and evaluation, activity reports, scientific publications, socialization. The result of the service is the formation of a group of fathers supporting exclusive breastfeeding so that fathers are aware of their role which is not only to earn a living but also "but fathers/husbands also play a big role in providing support for the family, especially for partners (wives), one of which is supporting or helping mothers (wives) in terms of providing breast milk so that mothers feel able to breastfeed their babies and get attention from their husbands.

Case Report: Application of Hypnopressure on the Smoothness of Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy in Teenage Mothers

Background: Mother's milk is the best natural food a mother can give to her baby. Breastfeeding is influenced by age; the younger the mother's age, the more breastfeeding tends to become smaller. Consistent milk production and a sense of confidence in breastfeeding are essential to the success of exclusive milk delivery. Hypnopressure is one of the methods that can enhance and maintain milk production and breastfeeding confidence. Objectives: The purpose is to report the provision of nursing care based on evidence-based on the problem of smooth breastfeeding and breastfeeding self-efficacy in teenage mothers. Methods: Case studies by implementing evidence-based practice in nursing care. The study was conducted on two teenage breastfeeding mothers who had problems with breastfeeding fluency and breastfeeding self-efficacy. Results: The primary outcome of this study will be the effect of the intervention on breastmilk production and breastfeeding confidence in teenage mothers. We conclude that hypnopressure could improve breastmilk production (92,8% and 85,7%) and breastfeeding confidence (55 and 57) Conclusion: Implementing evidence-based practice related to hypnopressure can smooth breastfeeding and improve its effectiveness in adolescent mothers.

Effectiveness of the SETIA (Self Empowering Woman, Empathy, Trust, Intimate and Affection) program in enhancing exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia

The sustainability of breastfeeding remains a challenge for primiparous mothers. Empowering women through home visits by midwives needs to be enhanced to ensure the continuity of breastfeeding. This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of the SETIA (Self-Empowering Women, Empathy, Trust, Intimacy, and Affection) program with a standard program in assisting primiparous mothers to breastfeed their babies after one month. A total of 50 primiparous participants were divided into two groups through simple random sampling. The standard group received four home visits, while the SETIA group received five home visits within one month postpartum. The breastfeeding competency variable was evaluated after one month using the World Health Organization (WHO) instruments and interviews about exclusive breastfeeding. The variables were analyzed using comparative statistics. The results showed no significant difference between the standard and SETIA groups, with Mann-Whitney U values of 253.5 and Wilcoxon values of 578.5 (p-value=0.086, α&lt;0.05). However, there is evidence that the intervention group managed breastfeeding problems better, and more mothers continued breastfeeding after one month. Therefore, the authors suggest more frequent home visits to help new mothers adapt to their breastfeeding roles, especially in the first week after birth. Further research is needed to assess exclusive breastfeeding after six months in both groups.

Application of Breast Care to Prevent Breast Milk Dams in Postpartum Mothers

The first day after delivery is when the breasts become overfilled with milk, causing them to become swollen, hard and painful. Breast care is an action to take care of the breasts to prevent the occurrence of breast milk dams, reduce pain and discomfort, prevent more serious complications, maintain breast milk production, prevent early termination of breastfeeding breast milk. The purpose of this case study is to provide nursing care to post partum mothers with the problem of ineffective breastfeeding with the application of Breast Care. The research method used is a case study of 2 patients with post partum by applying the nursing process method: Interview, examination, observation of activities to obtain diagnostic records and reports. After taking nursing action for 3 days with a diagnosis: ineffectiveness of breastfeeding associated with breast swelling. with the application of breast care with the results resolved on day 4. breast discomfort has decreased after breast care, there is no dam or swelling in the mother's breast, there is no dam or swelling in the mother's breast, feeling more relieved and relaxed after breast care is performed. The application of breast care in both post partum patients can reduce breast swelling due to breast milk dams. Researchers suggest that patients can apply breast care as one of the treatments that can be done alone at home, because one of the benefits of breast care is to reduce breast swelling.

MATERNAL MENTAL HEALTH: STUDY OF COPING STRATEGIES MOTHERS WITH EXPERIENCING POSTPARTUM BLUES

Postpartum blues is an uncomfortable feeling experienced by mothers after giving birth. The incidence of postpartum blues in Indonesia is quite high, between 50-70%. This research aims to explore coping strategies for postpartum blues sufferers using qualitative research methods with case studies. Two participants who experienced postpartum blues were selected by purposive sampling technique. Method Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews. Researchers used open questions with a grid of questions about coping strategies for dealing with postpartum blues and The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Data verification process was carried out by triangulating data and sources (husbands and people closest). Research results known that the strategy used by respondents to overcome postpartum blues is Emotional Focused Coping. Other things can do to overcome postpartum blues include doing fun activities (me time), a spiritual approach, telling stories and being sincere. Based on evidence, it is known that distress due to breastfeeding problems (nipple pain) can cause postpartum blues syndrome. The new thing found in this research is that having sexual relations with husband can be a way to overcome postpartum blues. A good social support system needs to be built by all parties to support maternal mental health

Breastfeeding and behavioral problems in five-year-old Japanese children: The Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study

PurposeThis prebirth cohort study examined the relationship between breastfeeding duration and behavioral problems in five-year-old Japanese children. MethodsStudy subjects were 1198 mother–child pairs. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, and peer problems and low prosocial behavior were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). ResultsNeither exclusive breastfeeding duration nor breastfeeding duration regardless of exclusivity was significantly associated with childhood emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, or peer problems or low prosocial behavior. In children with older siblings only, ≥ 4 months of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly inversely associated with hyperactivity problems (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.31−0.99). In children without older siblings, ≥ 4 months of exclusive breastfeeding was inversely significantly associated with low prosocial behavior (adjusted OR = 0.54, 95 % CI: 0.30−0.93). No interactions were observed between exclusive breastfeeding duration and the presence of older siblings regarding the two outcomes. ConclusionsNo associations were found between breastfeeding duration and any of the outcomes based on the SDQ. Exclusive breastfeeding for ≥ 4 months may be inversely associated with hyperactivity problems in children with older siblings and with low prosocial behavior in children without older siblings.

A history of depression and prenatal depression are associated with a lower likelihood of breastfeeding initiation and maintenance, and more breastfeeding problems.

This study tests the hypotheses that lifetime history of depression, and prenatal depression, are associated with a reduced likelihood of breastfeeding initiation (giving the baby any breastmilk during the first week of life) and breastfeeding maintenance (giving the baby breastmilk for at least 6 months), and a greater likelihood of reporting breastfeeding problems. We analyzed data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child cohort study (MoBa), N = 78,307. Mothers reported a lifetime history of depression during the second trimester of pregnancy, and current symptoms of depression during the third trimester using the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist short version (SCL-8). At six months postpartum, mothers self-reported breastfeeding initiation, maintenance, and difficulties. Using binary logistic regression analyses, we report that a lifetime history of depression is associated with a lower likelihood of breastfeeding initiation (OR = 0.751, 95%CI = 0.650-0.938), breastfeeding maintenance (OR = 0.712, 95%CI = 0.669-0.785), and a greater likelihood of breastfeeding difficulties (OR = 1.86, 95%CI = 1.72-2.06). Similarly, prenatal depression was associated with a lower likelihood of breastfeeding initiation (OR = 0.904, 95%CI = 0.878-0.929), breastfeeding maintenance (OR = 0.929, 95%CI = 0.920-0.938), and a greater likelihood of breastfeeding difficulties (OR = 1.10, 95%CI = 1.09-1.12). Results remained largely unchanged when covaried for several confounding variables, including medication use. We provide novel evidence that pre-conception and prenatal symptoms of depression are associated with breastfeeding outcomes. This information could be used to identify women very early in pregnancy who may need additional support with breastfeeding. There is also a need to fully understand the biopsychosocial mechanisms that mediate the relationship between depression prior to birth and breastfeeding outcomes.

The Associated Factors with Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Among Breastfeeding Women in Kalimantan Utara

Exclusive breastfeeding is important for the quality of children's health. Nevertheless, the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding at the Malinau City Health Center stands at a mere 45.6 percent, falling short of the 50 percent benchmark set by the World Health Organization (WHO). nursing self-efficacy is a significant element that affects nursing behavior. This study aims to determine the factors related to breastfeeding self-efficacy. This study was cross-sectional, with a sample of 147 mothers obtained by purposive sampling. Breastfeeding Self Efficacy (BSE) is measured using the Breastfeeding Self Efficacy Short-Form. Data was analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between breastfeeding problems (p-value equals 0.001), family support (p-value equals 0.001), and health worker support (p-value equals 0.001) with breastfeeding self-efficacy. It is concluded that breastfeeding problems, family support, and health worker support were factors related to breastfeeding self-efficacy in breastfeeding mothers. Therefore, health workers and families are expected to support mothers when they have breastfeeding problems

Pelaksanaan Hypnobreastfeeding sebagai Upaya Menurunkan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Menyusui

Breastfeeding problems are not only related to the amount of breast milk produced. Psychological factors play an important role in the breastfeeding process. Breastfeeding mothers often experience anxiety due to a lack of knowledge about caring for themselves and their babies (Walyani, 2015). The Indonesian Ministry of Health report (2016) stated that 83.4% of breastfeeding mothers experienced severe anxiety and 16.6% of moderate anxiety, while multiparous mothers experienced 7% of severe anxiety, 71.5% of moderate anxiety and 21.5% mild anxiety. .5%. The aim of the activity is to provide relaxation with hypnobreastfeeding therapy so that it can reduce anxiety in breastfeeding mothers. Method: activities are carried out by providing motivation and positive affirmation sentences through hypnobreastfeeding, music therapy and aromatherapy. Anxiety assessment uses the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 42) anxiety scale questionnaire. Results: The average anxiety score of breastfeeding mothers before hypnobreastfeeding was 40.2 or included in the severe stress category and the average anxiety level after hypnobreastfeeding was 28.9 or included in the mild stress category. These results indicate a reduction in stress levels in breastfeeding mothers by 11.3. It is hoped that breastfeeding mothers will maintain their psychological and physical health during the breastfeeding process.

Edukasi tentang Cara Memerah ASI yang Tepat dan Kompres Hangat sebagai Penatalaksanaan Bendungan ASI

Breastfeeding problems are mostly caused by breast milk not coming out smoothly, which triggers accumulation of breast milk or breast milk dams. This can cause failure to provide exclusive breastfeeding. Nationally, the number of exclusive breastfeeding coverage in 2021 was 69.7%, but in 2022 it decreased to 67.96%. The aim of the activity is to increase breastfeeding mothers' knowledge about how to express breast milk and warm compresses as measures to manage breast milk dams. Method: counseling using a question and answer lecture method and educational videos containing steps for expressing breast milk and warm compresses on the breasts. Knowledge assessment is by interview (questionnaire). Results: The average pretest score was 65.9 and the average posttest score was 78.8. These results indicate an increase in knowledge of breastfeeding mothers after being given education using lecture methods and educational videos on how to express breast milk and warm compresses. It is hoped that all relevant parties will improve the exclusive breastfeeding program by educating the public about managing problems related to the breastfeeding process.

Breast-Pren (Pain Relief) as a Natural Compress Innovation to Reduce Milk Damage in Breastfeeding Mothers

Based on research (Apriani, et al 2018), the most common breastfeeding problem is breast swelling due to breast milk dams that cause breast milk not to come out smoothly. Cold compresses are one solution to the problem. Indonesia is a region rich in natural resources. These natural resources are not only used for food, but can also be an alternative medicine. Red betel is a plant that has a pain-reducing effect. The content of cabbage leaves helps in increasing blood perfusion to the swelling area, dilates capillaries and acts as a counter barrier so as to reduce swelling and inflammation of the breast so that milk flows Based on the description above, the author makes a product innovation, namely "Breast-Pren" which is a compress containing aloe vera, red betel and cabbage ingredients which are good for reducing breast swelling due to breast milk dams in nursing mothers

Breastfeeding mother’s experiences with breastfeeding counselling: a qualitative study

BackgroundMothers are recommended to breastfeed their children but can find it challenging and experience breastfeeding problems. Qualified breastfeeding counselling from healthcare professionals can help mothers master breastfeeding, but there is a need to explore mothers’ lived experiences with receiving breastfeeding counselling. We aimed to reveal breastfeeding mothers’ experiences with receiving breastfeeding counselling from midwives and public health nurses (PHNs) to provide a deeper insight into the phenomenon of breastfeeding counselling, which may improve breastfeeding counselling in practice.MethodsA qualitative design with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used. Individual interviews of 11 breastfeeding mothers from Norway were conducted from September 2021 to 2022. Van Manen’s guided existential inquiry guided the reflective process to provide deeper insights into the phenomenon of breastfeeding counselling.ResultsThe study captured the meaning of breastfeeding mothers’ lived experiences with breastfeeding counselling. Three themes and eight sub-themes were found. Breastfeeding was at stake for the mothers because breastfeeding could be reduced or stopped, and qualified breastfeeding counselling from midwives and PHNs was essential for them to establish and continue breastfeeding. They needed to be perceived as both breastfeeding mothers and as women with their own needs to master everyday life during the breastfeeding period.ConclusionsThis study offers insights to midwives, PHNs and others offering breastfeeding counselling by facilitating an understanding of being a breastfeeding mother receiving breastfeeding counselling. Qualified breastfeeding counselling and a trusting relationship with midwives and PHNs are essential for mothers to establish and continue breastfeeding, while deficient counselling may cause breastfeeding difficulties. Mothers need to be treated as whole and competent persons to avoid objectification and fathers/partners need to be included in breastfeeding counselling. The ‘Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative’ should be continued, and guidelines should align with the mothers’ need to incorporate breastfeeding into their daily lives during the breastfeeding period.

Thoughts and experiences of well-educated fathers about their role when breastfeeding difficulties arose

ObjectiveTo investigate how fathers or partners perceive their roles as new parents when confronted with early breastfeeding challenges, how they navigate these difficulties, and the specific type of support they seek from the Child Health Care Centre (CHCC). MethodIn-depth, individual interviews conducted with 12 partners of women for whom breastfeeding was difficult. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied on the interview data. ResultsInterviews resulted in three themes: 1) ‘It is a revolutionary time to be a new father’ represented a tumultuous time when fathers wanted to be involved in all decisions and part of a strong team with their partners. 2) ‘When a breastfeeding problem arose’; fathers questioned the sovereignty of breast milk and began to seek more knowledge. They experienced a strong social norm about breastfeeding that led to feelings of guilt for their partners. They felt helpless when their partners suffered and lacked support. 3) ‘Child Health Care Centre’s duty’; was instrumental, as knowledge and competence were found to be important for trust. The fathers wanted concrete solutions to breastfeeding problems and more conversations of support with the CHCC nurse. ConclusionWell-educated fathers desire to protect their partners as they experience suffering due to a robust social norm telling them that breastfeeding is best. This can result in them starting to question the sovereignty of breast milk. Fathers need support to help their partners successfully during breastfeeding. They want counselling to strengthen their role as parents and help them build trusting teams with their partners.

Pelatihan Pijat Oketani Ibu Post Partum pada Kader Kesehatan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tulehu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah

Tulehu Community Health Centers is one of the community health centers in these work areas of the Central Maluku Regency Health Services. has 17 Posyandu with 85 active health cadres. There are IYCF Cadres who are representatives of the 17 Posyandu Health cadres. they were formed and trained in 2019. Exclusive breastfeeding coverage in the Tulehu Health Center working area is 32%, which is not yet according to the target of 40%. There were 129 babies, but only 41 people received breast milk. This happens because some mothers say that breast milk production is lacking (insufficient breast milk syndrome), so they give formula milk and additional food before 6 months, the activity aims is to increase the knowledge and skills of cadres in helping overcome breastfeeding problems in postpartum mothers. 20 cadres were targeted in the activities. The activities carried out consisted of providing oketani massage material demonstrations and re-demonstrations followed by independent practice a home using the learning models/media provided. The post-test results showed that there was an increase in knowledge from 7.1 to 92.26 and the skills assessment results were very good, namely 97.1. This indicates a very good achievement for the participants. It is hoped that regular monitoring and evaluation by midwives of the results of the oketani massage carried out by cadres will result in the problem of breastfeeding being resolved and the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding increasing.