Problem Of Alienation Research Articles

Participation in citizens’ summits and public engagement

In addressing the problem of alienation, normative democratic theories claim that citizen participation encourages public engagement and a sense of community. This article analyses the effects of citizen participation on public engagement in four local citizens’ summits in the Netherlands based on a combination of survey data, interviews and documents. The citizens’ summits appear to attract a selective group of predominantly highly educated citizens from a Dutch background. Of the citizens who took part in the summits, only a minority felt more connected and responsible after having participated. Moreover, the results show that over the longer term, the number of people who remain involved in public initiatives decreases. The findings raise doubts about the contribution of participation in one-off forums to public engagement. A sense of public engagement seems to be more a precondition for participation rather than a consequence of participation. Points for practitioners This article analyses the effects of citizen participation on public engagement in four local citizens’ summits in the Netherlands. The citizens’ summits appear to attract a selective group of predominantly highly educated citizens from a Dutch background. Of the citizens who took part in the summits, only a minority felt more connected and responsible after having participated. Moreover, the results show that over the longer term, the number of people who remain involved in public initiatives decreases. The findings raise doubts about the contribution of participation in one-off forums to public engagement.

THE SUBJECTIVE-OBJECTIVE ATTITUDE TO THE BODY IN ХХ CENTURY

Problem setting. The problem of body dependence and releasing of social repressions became significant in XX century. The totalitarian ideology reinforcement; increasing of human enslavement in the sphere of alienation work; postmodernism art influenced negatively for the new plastic image of modern individual. Recent research and publications analisis. The question of body realization was the research object for V. Reich, E. Fromm, G. Markuze, O. Lowen, F. Perlz, who used the psychoanalytical approach in this problem solution. Among modern scientists of this philosophic problem the attention to the body was given by E. Gazarova, I. Gorelov, L. M. Krol, E. L. Mikhailova, V. Sorell. Paper objective. We will try to reveal the factors which influenced the forming of subjective-objective attitude to body and the ways of solution the problem of human alienation of his body and nature and loss of his integrity. Paper main body. Characteristic feature of XX century plastic culture is he alienation from the body. The civilization learned to rule the “obedient bodies” and manipulating the consciousness at the same time. The first part of the XX entury gave birth to the subjective-objective attitude to the body. The body of som humanbecomes the object manipulated by other subjects. Not the last role in this body transformation was played by consumer psychology formed in XX century by market economy conditions. Plastic image of perfect person of XX century is monotype and does not correspond the variety of self-expression and body development that has place in eastern world. Medicine and psychology development on the one hand had widened the cognition measures of physical and mental processes in human body and on the other hand they made person to be lazy in learning and realizing the peculiarities of exactly his body. This caused the health problems and his inability to solve problems himself, without any help. Person stopped to trus his body, love it and care of it as the living organism. The modern person attitude can be determined as the exploitation. The estrangement from the body is the consequence of estrangement work that person does not enjoy. In the way of self-expression the western civilization person became more familiar and primitive than free and harmonious. Harmonious spiritual and physical personal development mainly depends on his body consciousness and plastic expression, their correlation with feelings and thinking. Body neglect, its plastic language in different cultural periods caused the person alienation from the his nature and loss of his integrity. Subjective-objective attitude to the body in ХХ century found the reflection in the communication as well. Wire and mobile connection limit the communication sphere by only verbal way of communication. Such style of communication contributes to the human substitute by machines that provide information. Conclusions of the research. Finding the state of spiritual and physical comfort is possible in condition of soul and body unity. The main method to get this state is forming the complete world view, absence of other internal conflicts that prevent person to put up with himself, forgive and accept himself.

Обучение интонированию эмоционально окрашенной речи художественных персонажей произведений Ф.М Достоевского на занятиях по русскому как иностранному

This article devotes to the practical use of intonational constructions, which are based on emotional speech of main Dostoevsky’s characters. Three autobiographical pieces of work were taken into account: “The notes from death house”, “White nights” and “Netochka Nezvanova”. The first composition of the Great Russian writer was created from his memories when Dostoevsky was imprisonment in Omsk (1850-1854). The death sentence for Dostoevsky's participation in the revolutionary movement, lately changed into imprisonment, being in shackles with other criminals, close acquaintance with the suffering of people made the writer to review his attitude to life. Deep writer’s thoughts, they are colorful and vivid descriptions of life in prison, touching stories about peoples’ destinies. On contrary, “White nights” and “Netochka Nezvanova” are the most poetic stories. “White nights” is a sentimental novel, written by Fyodor Dostoevsky’s flashbacks. He rises the problem of alienation of the individual, and the second work the author highlights the idea of cruel human nature.“I was named a psychologist: this is not true, I am only a realist in the highest sense, i.e I represent all the depths of the human soul” Fyodor Dostoevsky.No doubt, the works I have chosen are not devoid the emotionality, which is the subject of our scientific research. Through the means of continuous sampling, an emotional dialogical speech of the characters was revealed. Using the system of intonational scheme of the Russian linguist E. A. Bryzgunova, the passages of dialogical speech were analyzed and intonated. This work can serve as a teaching aid at the lessons of Russian as a foreign language. It will allow to form the linguistic competence of foreign students of the first and second certification levels, to master all kinds of speech activity, namely: listening, speaking, reading and writing, and finally, to get closer to the work of the great writer F. Dostoyevsky.

Crítica y emancipación en los inicios de la teoría social contemporánea.

El artículo aborda una discusión teórica que tiene lugar a inicios del siglo XIX en Europa. A comienzos del siglo XIX surge un enconado interés por el estudio de los temas sociales en Alemania, el cual remite a una teoría social en gestación, que sienta las bases de una ulterior teoría crítica de la sociedad. Para descubrir sus huellas, se examina brevemente la Fenomenología del Espíritu de Hegel, como un momento fundamental en la conformación de esta teoría, analizando con detalle los elementos humanistas, críticos y científicos contenidos en la obra. Estos elementos nutren la posterior teoría política y social elaborada por Marx en donde el problema de la enajenación se convierte en tema central de discusión para caracterizar la sociedad contemporánea, en medio de una profunda polémica contra Hegel. A la base de todo esto se encuentra asimismo el problema de la economía política, lo que revela la naturaleza de la discusión, dirigida a criticar a la sociedad capitalista y a su superación.Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 8, julio-diciembre 2016: 145-170

The Heritage of Displacement: Forced Migration in the Mediterranean through History

The Heritage of Displacement: Forced Migration in the Mediterranean through History

„DOING THE FAMILY”. ANALIZA PROBLEMÓW NIEEFEKTYWNYCH STRATEGII AKULTURACYJNYCH, ZWIĄZANYCH Z WZORCAMI SAMOORGANIZACJI RODZINY EMIGRACYJNEJ

Wobec zwiększającej się liczby ruchów ludnościowych zasadne wydaje się podejmowanie badań nad różnorakimi skutkami migracji, zarówno w sensie jed- nostkowym, jak i społecznym. Celem pracy jest wgląd w mechanizmy samoorga- nizacji polskiej rodziny emigracyjnej, z wykorzystaniem systemowej perspektywy rozumienia rodziny migracyjnej, inspirowaną podejściem S. Minuchina i takich ram teoretycznych, jak koncepcja „dzieci trzeciej kultury” R. H. Ussem oraz problemów akulturacji, roli sieci społecznego wsparcia a także psychologii miej- sca – nie-miejsca M. Augé.Dzięki zebranym metodą wywiadu zogniskowanego oraz rozmów indywidual- nych, jakościowo przeanalizowanym w grupie 48 rodziców (przy uwzględnieniu zmiennych: bliskości międzypokoleniowej, wzorców relacji zewnętrznych oraz unikatowej dla rodziny emigracyjnej zmiennej relacji z miejscem pobytu) informa- cjom przyporządkowano trzy modele funkcjonowania rodziny emigracyjnej, wyjaś- niające problemy nieefektywnych strategii akulturacyjnych na emigracji. Modele te odpowiadają rodzinom spójnym – uwikłanym – splątanym wg S. Minuchina:„rodzina-magnes” (o dużej bliskości międzypokoleniowej, wysokim poziomie lęku grupowego i spójnych wzorcach kontaktów zewnętrznych, wytwarzająca w efekcie relatywizm miejsca), „rodzina-kotwica (o niskiej bliskości międzypoko- leniowej, niespójnych wzorcach kontaktów zewnętrznych, wytwarzająca problem nieumiejscowienia oraz fatamorganę kotwicy u dzieci i separacji u rodziców) oraz „rodzina-repelent” (o niskiej bliskości międzypokoleniowej, niespójnych wzorcach kontaktów zewnętrznych, wytwarzająca alienację u matki i asymilację u córki).

A Study Of Migration And Identity In Bharati Mjuherjee’s Fiction, Wife, Using Postcolonial, Feminist And Diaspora Theories With Particular Reference To Indian Women Migrants.

Bharati Mukherjee‟s novels understandingly portray the predicaments of women who migrate to the United States and Canada. She sympathetically discusses convincingly the situation of the migrants: the problems of isolation, alienation and exile they endure in their chosen nation state. Her women characters remake themselves in extremely stylish multinational societies, like Canada and America, where they are snubbed and regarded as tedious, second class residents.

Поетичний світогляд Володимира Ярошенка

The article deals with the main formation sources of poetic outlook of V. Yaroshenko. The main forms of expression of the author’s mind and originality of imagery system of poetic means of V. Yaroshenko as a symbolist were determined. The philosophical and aesthetic concept of V. Yaroshenko and his appealing to the problem of alienation of personality were analyzed.

Alienation: Challenge to the Political Economy of the XXI Century

The article deals with modern verges of alienation problem and the possibility of overcoming it with the help of the political economy. The evolution and current state of the problem of alienation in modern society are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to such diverse aspects of alienation as encouraging infantilism, emancipation and alienation in love, intellectual property, ideological coercion and soft power, hyperformalization. The article explains important role of science, education and culture to overcome the alienation of a human being, including the political economy as a methodological basis for the unalienated way of thinking and overcoming of alienation.

Проблема одиночества и отчуждения в философии XX века

Проблема одиночества и отчуждения в философии XX века

Linguistic Alterity and the Multiplicitous Self: Critical Phenomenologies in Latina Feminist Thought

Latina feminists like Gloria Anzaldúa and Mariana Ortega have developed anti‐essentialist accounts of selfhood that are responsive to the problem of alterity and hermeneutic alienation experienced by multiplicitous subjects, understood as those who must navigate between multiple cultural norms and often conflicting interpretive traditions (due to colonial legacies and intersectional oppressions). These accounts can be fortified by examining the sense of inarticulacy that arises from having to name conditions of existence undergirded by social and historical contradictions and ambiguities—especially under the experiential stress of gendered social violence, cultural trauma, and state terror. To address phenomenological accounts of “linguistic terrorism” and the role language plays in multiplicitous accounts of selfhood, I turn to a strategic reading of Nietzsche's existential conception of the self as a living multiplicity, and to his related account of the impoverishment of language. In doing so, I argue more generally that philosophies of agency that critique agential narratives of rupture, instability, and interpretive loss (as part of liberal emancipatory projects) often do so without sufficient attunement to the ways concepts of alterity and liminality operate in North–South contexts or Latina feminist thought. I end by highlighting the critical, decolonial impetus of these concepts as responses to cultural violence.

Исследования отчуждения физического «я»

The article presents a theoretical overview of the problem of alienation of the physical self. Approaches in which the problem is studied from the point of view of psychopatological and normative positions are considered. Highlighted areas of research are: the distortion of body image as a manifestation of disturbances in the system of the subject, work with alienation of the physical Self in the body-oriented practices, the problem of the rejection of the physical appearance by the person. The specifics of understanding of the alienation of the physical Self is provided from the standpoint of disturbance of the body boundaries, isolation of feelings, the formation of dysfunctional schemas of perception, the error of subjective perception of the body and its reflection.

Reply to critics

The author of Critical Theory of Legal Revolutions discusses three major fields of objection against his outline of an evolutionary theory of public and international law. In the first part he discusses problems of action theory. There are at issue, first, the role of negation and moral resentment for the constitution of a normatively relevant social praxis, then the emergence of social systems within and from the context of the life-world, and the relation of revolutionary and gradual learning processes. The second part discusses the relation of his theory to postcolonial and feminist studies. Finally, the debate centers in part III on the dialectic of Enlightenment. The problem of alienation and negativity is at stake, closely related to the negative aesthetic of law and the intertwinement of repression and emancipation within the legal form. In the end, it is an open question if we today still can rely on the negative aesthetic and hidden utopian form of law, or if we have already fallen back to constitutional kitsch and façade.

Parallels of alienation and industrial psychology: A critical analysis

The rapidly growing global market conditions and the corresponding expansion of various market and economic variables and the global stage dramas played by various world powers to accumulate capital and establish their economic control over other countries (i.e. economic imperialism) and widening growth of the income disparity of the developing world, sets a perfect platform to initiate a broad discussion about the “human factor” which works in industries who generate the necessary capital to make countries rich and poor. When some selected businesses get richer and richer marginalised workers continuously are confronted with the grave issue of Alienation. It is the author’s contention here to highlight the inadequacy of Industrial Psychology, the capitalist framework designed to deal with Alienation through a comprehensive discussion of Marxist principles and Industrial Psychology-proper. The paper will argue showing the evolution of Industrial Psychology as a distinct academic discipline that the persisting problem of alienation will continue to exist until political solutions are provided for wider class issues.

Tasawuf Transformatif sebagai Solusi Problematika Manusia Modern dalam Perspektif Pemikiran Tasawuf Muhammad Zuhri

<p>This article discusses the relevance between Sufism and modernity in the perspective Muhammad Zuhri. This study concludes that transformative Sufism which has been initiated by Zuhri is a sort of Sufism which is grounded to the spirit and values of the fundamental teachings of Sufism, shown in accordance with the context of its time, and discussed with the problems of human beings in dealing with the dynamics of life. Modern life has led to the problem of alienation. Of course, the alienation does not merely occur within individual dimensions (self-consciousness) of human (alienation of consciousness), but it also occurs in their relationship to the nature (ecological alienation), and the relationship among human beings (social alienation). The point of relevance is how the human are subsequently able to build their self-consciousness toward the universe and their human brothers. Such awareness is then contextualized into the dimensions of the problems of modern man. The contextualization of this Sufi teaching makes the transformative Sufism not only actual, but also relevant in order to “liberate” the modern man from entanglement of various problems they deal with. The spirit of Sufism brought by Zuhri seems to be laden with social actions and communal aspects.</p><strong></strong>

From culture in Portugal to Portuguese culture: Marxism, globalization and nationalism in António José Saraiva

Abstract By examining the career of a Portuguese essayist and historian, this article seeks to examine the relations between culture, nationalism and globalization during the second half of the twentieth century. The article follows the career of António José Saraiva from the 1940s to the 1990s, describing his transformation from expressing a universalist and progressive idea of culture to a nationalist and romantic one, and relating it to the transformations of communist internationalism and to the developments of capitalism and globalization. Considering the ruptures, but also the continuities within Saraiva’s thought, it is argued that his commitment to the problem of alienation plays a key role in this transformation While contributing to the history of one of the most read Portuguese intellectuals of the twentieth century, this article stresses the need for historians and social scientists to move beyond – at least partially – some binary oppositions that often command our approach to culture: namely the conflict between culture and economy on the one hand, and the national and the global, on the other.

The Problem of Alienation in the Works of Franz Kafka

The objective of this study is to analyze the problem of alienation through in the works of Franz Kafka. Alienation is one of the most important issues of individual in the contemporary world which could be observed in every aspect of life. The description of human relations has been properly narrated in the literal works. For this reason, Franz Kafka’s works were studied as a sample of philosophy and literature relationship within the scope of alienation problem.

The Problem of Alienation in Objective Spatiality

<p>Globalization has created an immense sense of objectivity in the world. We find the differences between cultures foreshortened, others more recognizable and less alien, other places more like our own, and transactions and contracts more and more adhering to the specifically acultural denomination of capital. But external spatiality and the actions within it are not the only places of generalization and alienation. The agora of public space has been internalized to the extent that we as subjects feel ourselves to be more confident of our objectivity in worldly relations. The paper questions the assumptions and analyses the structures that lay behind the link between a global externality and our sense that the world can be a wider home for our personhood and individuated beings.</p>

The scent of a former life

Arkadii and Boris Strugatskii’s story Malysh (The Kid; 1971) is often analysed as the text in which the authors first turn from adventure sf to social sf, which focuses on problems of alienation and dehumanisation and on questions of private and social identity. The contextual analysis of the novel and its adaptation Nesmluvena setkani (Unexpected Encounters; Czech Republic 1994), directed by Irena Pavlaskova, reveals a serious discrepancy between the postcolonial focus of the Czech adaptation and a more elaborate and multilevel philosophical reading of the Strugatskiis’ story. This article develops the role of the Strugatskiis’ texts as part of the post-Soviet phenomenon of nostalgia for the future within neoconservative intellectual circles. In this interpretation, the Strugatskii brothers’ legacy is included in a new politico-technological and ideological context of imperial sf and transhumanism.

Decentralization as a Cause of Spatial Segregation

The city is a complex, constant and incomplete process. Dynamic changes in the demographic and spatial growth of the modern city, affect its functional organization. Consequently, cities with the specific expansion both vertically and horizontally, change the urban concept over the time. In this regard, the paper will highlight the problem of spatial segregation and alienation of the population which is the idea of a functional city, as it continues to exist through the concept of polycentric cities. This was a clear message that the rationality of the organization of the city did not offer good results. This principle of urbanism is characterized as a new form of organizing the social differences and creation of segregation, contrary to the idea of urbanism that turns the city into a single homogeneous entity eliminating differences. Along with the aforesaid, the neoliberal globalization process, emphasizing the hierarchical divisions, deepens and inaugurates a new concept of the divided city. Due to the extreme inequalities, the town itself produces a new urbanism that is reflected in the significant spatial divisions and forms of behavior in cities. Socio-economic polarization and inequality pollute the space giving birth to a new idea of a city. The city becomes a complex process and structure that is imprisoned in the model of duality between conflicting social spaces. All this implies an unbreakable bond between the divided society and the divided city.