Problem In Seismic Data Processing Research Articles

Restoration of missing offsets by parabolic Radon transform1

AbstractRestoration of missing offsets and trace interpolation is an interesting and important problem in seismic data processing. Based on the parabolic Radon transform, a method is presented for missing offset restoration, resampling and regularization of prestack individual CMP gathers. The method is also valid for resampling spatially aliased seismic data.The method is based on the parabolic assumption of the seismic events which is generally verified after a partial NMO correction in the CMP organization of the data. The essence of the method consists of a band‐limited forward parabolic Radon transform of the data containing zero traces at the missing offset locations. The curvature range is chosen to map properly the coherent energy while the zero traces map beyond that range. After inverse transform the originally zero traces are partly filled with information. Several iterations of forward and inverse transform, every time replacing the zero traces in the original gather with the partially reconstructed ones, almost fully restore the zero traces.Efficient and fast algorithms can be built up to process data having a uniform geometry. Examples on synthetic as well as on field data demonstrate clearly the robustness of the method.

A comparison of several cooling schedules for simulated annealing implemented on a residual statics problem

A study of several cooling schedules for the simulated annealing optimization algorithm, as applied to a residual statics problem in seismic data processing, is undertaken and discussed. A variety of schedules which depend on user‐controlled parameters and an adaptive annealing schedule which depends on the system itself are considered. The algorithm, with each schedule implemented in turn, is tested on a residual statics estimation where the optimization function is a coherence function between adjacent common depth point (CDP) gathers. Results of this study suggest the usefulness of a hybrid cooling schedule to reduce the number of cycles. Constrained adaptive annealing schedule offers a viable alternative.

Refraction statics

The determination of statics corrections is one of the fundamental problems in seismic data processing. Statics errors lead to loss of resolution and less than optimum interpretation of the seismic data set. The arrival times of refraction events form a data set sufficient to unravel the structure of the near-surface layers of the earth leading to accurate static corrections and enhanced interpretation. This paper introduces modeling methods using refraction arrivals and shows examples of the application to seismic data processing.