Psychological Problems Research Articles

Delivering therapy over telephone in a humanitarian setting: a pilot randomized controlled trial of common elements treatment approach (CETA) with Syrian refugee children in Lebanon

BackgroundIn recent years, the number of forcibly displaced persons has risen worldwide, with approximately 40% being children and adolescents. Most of them are hosted in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Many individuals meet the criteria for mental health issues, which can also be exacerbated by a number of risk factors, including low socioeconomic status, displacement, and stressors linked to conflicts in their country or region of origin. However, the vast majority never receive treatment for their psychological problems due to multiple reasons, including a shortage of mental health professionals in LIMCs, transportation challenges in accessing clinics, and clinic hours conflicting with family commitments. In the current study we investigated whether individual psychotherapy delivered by trained lay counsellors over telephone to Syrian refugee children living in Lebanon is effective and overcomes barriers to treatment access.MethodsAfter adaptation of Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) to remote delivery over telephone (t-CETA), preliminary effectiveness of the treatment modality was assessed with a pilot single blind randomised controlled trial including a total sample of 20 refugee children with diagnosed mental health problems. Data was analysed applying a Bayesian approach.ResultsThere was a significant session-by-session decrease in self-reported mental health symptoms over the course of treatment. Independent assessments showed that t-CETA resulted in a greater reduction of symptoms than standard in-person treatment as usual. There was no difference between groups for impairment. Importantly, the majority of children allocated to t-CETA completed treatment whilst no children in the treatment as usual condition were able to do so.ConclusionThe study provides preliminary evidence that telephone-delivered psychotherapy in a humanitarian setting, delivered by lay counsellors under supervision, works and significantly increases access to treatment compared to traditional in-person treatment. However, findings remain to be replicated in larger trials.Trial RegistrationClinical Trials. gov ID: NCT03887312; registered 22nd March 2019.

Influence of interpersonal relationship on subjective well-being of college students: The mediating role of psychological capital

Background Nowadays, the contradiction between the rapid improvement of people’s material living standard and the loss of spiritual pursuit or the increase of pressure is becoming more and more serious.With the impact of the new corona-virus pandemic, the employment situation of college students is more severe. This leads to the growth of psychological problems and alienation behavior of college students. In the promoting positive psychology and enhancing the happiness of the whole people, the relationship between interpersonal relationship and subjective well-being of college students is an interesting and valuable research topic. Methods The structural model with AMOS21.0 was used to verify the mediating effect of psychological capital between interpersonal relationship distress and SWB from the survey data of 673 college students. Results The interpersonal distress has a negatively correlated with psychological capital and SWB, while psychological capital has a positively correlated with SWB. Psychological capital has Partial mediating effect between interpersonal distress and SWB, and the indirect effect accounts for 57% of the total effect. Conclusion This study indicates that schools should pay attention to education and intervention in psychological capital, except for strengthening knowledge and skill training of college students in how to communicate with others.

Gifted students: Analysis among psychological problems, social, and emotional well-being

Gifted and talented learners experienced life's storms and stresses just like their peers. However, because of their unique characteristics, they also dealt with some psychological issues such as anxiety, stress, and depression, which are closely related to their gifted characteristics. This research aims to examine: (a) psychological problems, (b) psycho-social and emotional well-being, and (c) the connection between gifted and talented students' wellbeing and psychological issues. This research design uses descriptive quantitative methods. A series of questions (DASS) were used to gather data from 112 gifted students, who were involved in this research and identified as gifted students. Next, the DASS and Social Well-Being questionnaires were collected and compared, to determine psychological problems and social well-being among gifted students. Descriptive (mean) and inferential analyzes were carried out on quantitative data. Analysis shows that there are psychological problems in gifted students at school, namely depression, stress and anxiety. The findings indicate that stress is one of the most prevalent issues (mean=33.8), followed by anxiety (mean=33.2) and depression (mean=24.9). Apart from that, the research results also show a negative correlation between psychological problems and well-being.

Decisional Conflicts in Patients With Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinomas Considering Active Surveillance

Internationally, active surveillance has been shown to be beneficial and safe in the management of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas. However, choosing active surveillance is a difficult treatment decision for patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas. To identify and analyze the antecedents and mediating processes of decisional conflicts when patients consider active surveillance as an alternative to surgery. In this qualitative study, semistructured interviews were conducted between April 2023 and December 2023 at 3 tertiary hospitals in China. Thirty-one participants who were diagnosed with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas, who had experienced considering active surveillance as an alternative to surgery and who scored above 25 on the decision conflict scale were purposively recruited. Inductive content analysis led to emergent themes. Data analysis was performed from April 2023 to February 2024. Methods used to protect the trustworthiness of the study results included audit trails and member checks. Patients' experience of decisional conflicts and the antecedents and mediating processes relating to these decisional conflicts. Among 31 participants (median [range] age, 39.2 [22-63] years; 22 [71%] were female and 9 [29%] were male), 3 themes were classified: (1) decisional conflicts in decision preparation, (2) decisional conflicts in decision-making, and (3) decisional conflicts in decision implementation. The patient's experiences of decisional conflicts were diverse and occurred throughout the entire decision-making process. The antecedents of the decisional conflicts included personal influencing factors, system-level influencing factors, and the relational-situational context. Patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas interacted with these antecedents in the process of decision-making and eventually failed to mediate, leading to decisional conflicts. This qualitative study found that patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas experienced clinically significant decisional conflicts and experienced considerable challenges and psychological problems in decision-making. The antecedents of decisional conflicts and accompanying mediating processes can provide guidance for individuals, health care professionals, and health care systems to provide decision support for patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas.

Psycho-social problems among older people residing in community of Chitwan, Nepal—A cross-sectional study

Background Older people are vulnerable to various psycho-social problems such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, dementia, and loneliness that have profound impact on overall health and their quality of life and higher use of health services. Prevention and treatment of psychological problems in this risk group is critical for improving their quality of life. Objective This study aimed to find out the psycho-social problems among older people residing in community. Methods The study was a cross-sectional study design and 388 older people aged 65 years and above residing in different wards of Bharatpur Metropolitan city were selected using probability simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using interview schedule containing geriatric depression scale-15; Geriatric anxiety scale-10, University of California Loss Angels Loneliness Scale (UCLA-20), Anthens Insomnia Scale and Mini-Cog Test. Obtained data were analyzed in SPSS version 20 for windows. Chi-square test was applied to measure the association between psychosocial problems and selected variables. Result Findings of the study revealed that the mean age (± SD) of respondents was 72.92 (±7.12) years. Almost all (93.6%) older people had full functioning of activity of daily living and two third (66.5%) had other co-morbid conditions. More than two third (67.0%) of older adults had depression, 60.3% had anxiety, 53.6% had moderate to high level loneliness, 47.2% had insomnia, and 33.3% had dementia. Age, functional dependency, sex, co-morbidity, financial dependence, education and occupation were significantly associated with the psychosocial problems among older people. Conclusion and recommendation Psychosocial problems are common among older people residing in community of Chitwan. Hence, there is need to develop and implement health care strategy by local health care planner to prevent, treat and manage the psychosocial problems among this risk groups. Further, health care providers working in geriatric problems or psychosocial health need to conduct regular screening programs for the early diagnosis and treatment of these problems.

Negative life events predict depressive trends: the moderating effect of overgeneral autobiographical memory and early parenting behaviour

ABSTRACT The Emerging Adulthood is a complex and chaotic period and depression is one of the main psychological health problems during this period. Overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM) is prevalent among patients with clinical depression. However, the prediction of OGM in groups with non-clinical depression and its influencing mechanisms remain inconclusive. Studies have shown that OGM and early parenting behaviour are vulnerable factors of depression in emerging adulthood, which may be triggered by negative life events. Our longitudinal study included 241 participants (M age = 21.88 years). At baseline, participants completed measures of current negative life events, depression, early parenting behaviour and an autobiographical memory test. Thereafter, they were tracked for depression every 35 days. We used the latent class growth model to differentiate levels and trends of depression among non-clinical participants. The analysis showed that the effect of negative life events on depression was moderated by OGM and early parenting behaviour. However, this moderating effect was found only in the low-risk depression group. Our findings indicate that early parenting behaviour might account for the different mechanisms of OGM production in non-clinical groups. Moreover, it underlines the importance of OGM and early parenting behaviour as potential predictors of future depression in non-clinical groups.

PROBLEMS AND PRACTICAL NEEDS IN LEARNING SPEAKING IN HIGHER EDUCATION

This research aimed to find out the student's problems and practical needs in learning speaking. It employed qualitative methods that gathered responses from 40 out of 233 students in the second semester of the English Department at the University of Mataram. The questionnaire and interview were used to collect the data needed. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions and was distributed using Google Forms, and the interview utilized 5 questions to elicit more detailed responses from the respondents. The collected data were analyzed systematically through the data reduction, display, and conclusion stages. The findings of this research showed that the students not only had linguistic problems, such as lack of pronunciation, grammatical knowledge, and vocabulary mastery, but they also faced psychological problems including fear of making mistakes, shyness of speaking in front of the class, anxiety, and not having enough confidence. Further, to improve their speaking skills, the students required more practice and exercises inside and outside the classroom with suitable speaking materials for their level. Additionally, focusing on activities rather than just materials and providing constructive feedback whenever they make mistakes will be crucial for their learning.

Psychological Health and Wellness and the Impact of a Supportive Text Messaging Program (Wellness4MDs) Among Physicians and Medical Learners in Canada: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study.

Burnout, anxiety, and depression continue to affect physicians, postgraduate medical trainees, and medical students globally and in Canada particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary goal of this project is to design, implement, monitor, and evaluate a daily supportive SMS text messaging program (Wellness4MDs, Global Psychological e-Health Foundation). The program aims to reduce the prevalence and severity of burnout, anxiety, and depression symptoms among physicians, postgraduate medical trainees, and medical students in Canada. This longitudinal study represents a multistakeholder, mixed methods, multiyear implementation science project. Project evaluation will be conducted through a quantitative prospective longitudinal approach using a paired sample comparison, a naturalistic cross-sectional controlled design, and satisfaction surveys. Prevalence estimates for psychological problems would be based on baseline data from self-completed validated rating scales. Additional data will be collected at designated time points for paired comparison. Outcome measures will be assessed using standardized rating scales, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory for burnout symptoms, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depression symptoms, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale for anxiety symptoms, and the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index. The project launched in the last quarter of 2023, and program evaluation results will become available within 36 months. The Wellness4MDs program is expected to reduce the prevalence and severity of psychological problems among physicians in Canada and achieve high subscriber satisfaction. The results from the Wellness4MDs project evaluation will provide key information regarding the effectiveness of daily supportive SMS text messages and links to mental health resources on these mental health parameters in Canadian physicians, postgraduate trainees, and medical students. Information will be useful for informing policy and decision-making concerning psychological interventions for physicians in Canada. PRR1-10.2196/44368.

Impacts of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Social Problems and Poverty of the Elderly in Slovakia

This article analyses the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the social problems and poverty of the elderly. Quarantine measures caused increased isolation, loneliness, psychological problems and limited access to medical care, which negatively affected their physical and mental health. The demographic shift towards an aging population presents seniors with complex challenges, including the struggle to meet basic needs and live on the poverty line. These related problems, associated with a lack of attention from the environment, have a negative impact on their quality of life. In the article, we analyse the state of poverty development, based on current statistics. The current isolation, loneliness and loss of independence are intertwined with low income and the possibility of institutionalization, which has increased with the advent of the pandemic situation and the economic crisis.

Alexithymia As a Mediator in The Relationship of Posttraumatic Stress with Anxiety During the Covid-19 Pandemic

There has been an increase in the levels of many psychological problems including anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Alexithymia can be considered an important psychological problem. However, it may be difficult to differentiate between post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), anxiety symptoms, and alexithymia because they share symptoms like avoidance. To develop psychological interventions, it will be useful to determine the extent to which alexithymia influences PTSS and anxiety. This study examined alexithymia as a mediator in the relationship of PTSS with anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in Türkiye. The sample consisted of 417 male and female adults aged between 18 to 68. Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficients and Structural Equation Modeling were computed to examine the relationships. Data were gathered through Demographic Information Form, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Toronto Alexithymia Inventory. Findings showed that PTSS were related to alexithymia and anxiety, and alexithymia was associated with anxiety. Moreover, alexithymia had a partial mediator effect in the relationship of PTSS with anxiety. The findings highlight the importance of mental health professionals to consider alexithymia when evaluating and planning treatment for individuals with PTSS and anxiety.

Organizational ethical pressure as a threat to employee health: The buffering roles of ethical leadership and employee ethical efficacy

AbstractCompetitive pressures, resource constraints, high shareholder/stakeholder expectations, and other dynamics may lead to organizations putting pressure on employees to act unethically to meet goals. Yet, the effects of this pressure on employee health and factors that can abate it are unclear. Based on the job demands‐resources model, this study examines whether, how, and when organizational ethical pressure harms employees' psychological and physical health and what factors can buffer its negative effects. According to the findings of a two‐wave lagged data study involving 212 healthcare employees, results show that organizational ethical pressure causes ethical strain in employees, resulting in both psychological and physical health problems, with these effects less pronounced when employees have higher levels of ethical efficacy. An integrated effect was also discovered, in which employees' ethical efficacy increases when led by a more ethical leader, thereby buffering the effect of ethical pressure on ethical strain and health problems. Overall, our research identifies organizational ethical pressure as a significant threat to employee health and provides preliminary approaches to mitigate its effects.

Prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety among the Bangladeshi university entrance test-taking students using GIS technology

This study focuses on Bangladeshi university entrance test-taking students mental health problems and explores the geographical distribution of these problems using GIS technique. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1523 university entrance test-taking students. Data were collected on participants' socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related factors, admission tests, depression, and anxiety. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were performed using SPSS software. GIS mapping was used to visualize the distribution of mental health problems across districts using ArcGIS. The study found that the prevalence rates of depression and anxiety among university entrance examinees were 53.8% and 33.2%, respectively. Males exhibited higher rates of depression and anxiety compared to females, while repeat test-taking students were more susceptible to these mental health issues compared to first-time test-takers. Factors such as urban residence, personal/familial COVID-19 infections, and COVID-19 deaths in close relationships were associated with increased mental health problems. District-based distribution showed no significant variation in depression, but anxiety varied significantly. Post-hoc GIS analysis revealed variations in the distribution of depression and anxiety among males, as well as variations in anxiety distribution based on student status across districts. This study emphasizes the high prevalence of depression and anxiety among university entrance examinees, emphasizing the importance of addressing mental health risks in this population. It also suggests the need for reforms in the university entrance test-taking system to reduce psychological problems and advocates for a more inclusive approach to student admissions to alleviate mental health burdens.

Children’s and adolescents’ views of health and mental health concepts - A qualitative group interview study

BackgroundDefinitions and perceptions of health and mental health have not remained static over time. This is also true for statistics over Swedish children’s and adolescents’ health and mental health status. The majority of Swedish school-aged children and adolescents report good physical health and good life satisfaction. However, there are some warning signs when it comes to children’s and adolescents’ health and mental health status, for instance, an increased overweight or obesity in children and adolescents, as well as a higher proportion reporting psychological problems and stress. There is also a need for knowing more about the younger population’s voices in this matter. The aim was therefore to explore children’s and adolescent’s conceptualizations and perceptions of health in general, and mental health in particular.MethodsOpen semistructured group interviews with 44 Swedish children and adolescents (10–14 years old) recruited from four schools were conducted. The interviews were conducted between April 2022 and January 2023. Data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis.ResultsChildren’s and adolescents’ conceptualizations of health included aspects of both the body and the mind, with a focus on the latter. Mental health was expressed as a state of being, illustrated by various lived experiences of emotions, moods, and thoughts. The social world was ever present in their understanding of health, e.g., through the lenses of social and gender norms.ConclusionsThis study revealed children’s and adolescents’ recognition of health terms and their ability to observe nuances between mental health problems and everyday struggles. The participants discussed mental health problems to a greater extent than positive mental health. An implication of this study is the highlighted need to focus more on mental health promotion in future preventive programs. These findings might potentially influence how school staff and student health teams communicate with children and adolescents about these concepts.

Effect of the Occupational Stress and Psychological Problems of Special Post Teachers in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province

The investigation of the current status of occupational stress and psychological problems among special post-teachers in Zunyi City is crucial. This study provides insights into improving their working environment and promoting their well-being. This study aimed to 1) assess the level of occupational stress among teachers in special post teachers in Zunyi City, 2) study the status of psychological problems among teachers in special post teachers in Zunyi City, and 3) analyze the influence of occupational stress on psychological problems. This study used questionnaire surveys and interviews. A total of 324 special post-teachers answered the questionnaires. It served as a valid sample for this study, using the "Special Post Teacher Occupational Stress Questionnaire" as the research tool and supplemented by the "Self-Psychological Harmony Scale" for psychological problems data collection. Statistical methods such as frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, independent sample t-test, and multiple regression analysis were employed for data analysis. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between occupational stress and psychological problems among special post-teachers, indicating that higher levels of occupational stress are associated with an increased likelihood of psychological problems. Additionally, notable differences in occupational stress and psychological problems were observed among special post teachers from different backgrounds. This study provides valuable insights into the relationship between occupational stress and psychological problems among special post-teachers, offering important implications for improving their work environment, reducing occupational stress, and promoting mental health.

The Relationship Between Freshman Adult Attachment and Sense of Life Meaning in University: Mediated by Perceived Social Support

College freshmen are at the beginning of the critical period of establishing their outlook on life and values, so it is very important to guide and educate them correctly on the meaning of life and values. Many psychological problems and suicidal behaviors of college students are related to the lack of life meaning. This study mainly discusses the relationship between adult attachment, understanding of social support and sense of life meaning of college freshmen. Using the sense of life meaning scale, intimate relationship experience scale and perceptive social support scale, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1069 freshmen. SPSS software was used for correlation analysis, and Process macro was used to test the mediating effect of perceptive social support. The results show that: (1) There are significant correlations among adult attachment, understanding of social support and sense of meaning in life; (2) Understand that social support plays a partial mediating role between adult attachment and sense of meaning in life. These results indicate that the attachment of college freshmen adults can affect their sense of life meaning directly and indirectly through the influence of social support. The results of this study have some implications for practice: On the one hand, the family should pay attention to the cultivation of safe parent-child attachment relationship and environment; On the other hand, colleges and universities should give full and good social support to college freshmen, and set up education or group counseling activities on the sense of meaning of life.

Evaluation of DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Betel-Quid Use Disorder Using the Addiction Characteristics Defined by American Society of Addiction Medicine

Background The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), categorizes betel-quid use disorder (BUD) under Other (Or Unknown) Substance Use Disorder, and the diagnostic criteria used are adapted from those of Substance Use Disorder. Because different substances have different characteristics, an improved set of diagnostic criteria is required to better detect BUD. Objective The objective of this study was to examine the different measures of accuracy for DSM-5 BUD by using the addiction characteristics defined by the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM). Methods A certified psychiatrist conducted face-to-face diagnostic interviews. Questionnaires were administered to assess betel-quid use history, patterns of use, and dependence features. All betel-quid users were evaluated for BUD by using the DSM-5 criteria and addiction characteristics defined by the ASAM. Results One of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for BUD, namely large amount of time spent on obtaining and using betel quid and recovering from betel-quid use, showed the lowest sensitivity of 0.14, lowest diagnostic accuracy of 0.63, and lowest diagnostic odds ratio of 2.61. Another DSM-5 diagnostic criterion, namely continued betel-quid use despite knowledge of physical or psychological problems, had the lowest specificity of 0.49. The diagnostic threshold of five or more DSM-5 BUD criteria showed a sensitivity of 0.86 and a specificity of 0.97. Conclusions This study is the first to evaluate the different measures of accuracy for DSM-5 BUD. Given that each addictive substance has unique addictive characteristics, the composition and number of criteria for diagnosing DSM-5 BUD must be reconsidered.

How Can We Improve Employee Well-Being in Teachers? The Importance of Individual and Job Resources

According to one of the UN agencies, UNESCO, during the recent COVID-19 pandemic, more than sixty-three million teachers worldwide experienced technical and psychological problems due to changes in the learning process. This is not only because of the pandemic and monetary crisis in Indonesia but also because the increasing number of teachers' tasks and demands for professionalism can make teachers experience changes in the perceived condition of employee well-being. Several factors, including work stress, perceived organizational support and emotional regulation, psychologically influence the condition of teachers' employee well-being. Based on the existing model, perceived organizational support and emotional regulation can directly and indirectly influence teachers' employee well-being through work stress as a mediator. This research aims to prove the model above. The number of subjects in this research was 129 high school teachers from superior accredited Catholic schools in the province of East Java, Indonesia. The results of the data analysis show that the construct validity and reliability tests are met. Apart from that, perceived organizational support and emotional regulation can influence teachers' employee well-being both directly and indirectly through work stress as a mediator.

Effects of Acupressure on Psychological Symptoms in Chronic Disease Patients: A Scoping Review

Research related to the effects of acupressure on psychological problems in patients with chronic diseases has been conducted by previous researchers. However, so far reviews on this topic are still limited. The purpose of this review is to obtain an overview of the extent of the effects of acupressure on psychological symptoms of chronic disease sufferers based on the results of research that has been conducted. The method used is a scoping review, determining the research questions to be reviewed using the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) framework. The keywords used in the article search are "Acupressure" AND "Acupoints" AND "Psychological Symptoms" AND "Chronic disease" OR "Chronic ilness". Several databases used in this study such as Pubmed (n = 14), Science Direct (n = 495), Ebsco (n = 82), Proquest (n = 562), Scopus (n = 973) were then eliminated and screened into 10 articles studied. The review analysis was carried out using the Arksey and O'Malley theory approach. Based on the results of the analysis of 10 articles, it was found that acupressure has a positive effect in helping to reduce symptoms and improve the psychological condition of patients with chronic diseases, including relieving patient symptoms such as depression and anxiety in patients undergoing hemodialysis and breast cancer, reducing pain in osteoarthritis patients, overcoming insomnia which is often accompanied by anxiety disorders, emotional disorders (worry, nervousness, irritability), treating depression, anxiety, and insomnia in acute stroke patients, improving stress index, and sleep efficiency in the elderly with essential hypertension, reducing anxiety in female patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), decreasing the average stress score and improving the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, increasing the quality of life and reducing emotional disorders in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The conclusion of the journal review shows that acupressure has the effect of improving psychological conditions by reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, sleep disorders or insomnia and helping to improve the quality of life in patients with chronic diseases.

The Effect of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for Optimizing Efficacy Self-Care in Cancer Patients Undergoing Treatment

Cancer is a disease that can threaten a person's life which can occur in every cancer sufferer, apart from that cancer can also cause psychological problems such as low efficacy of patient self-care which will have an impact on treatment compliance in cancer patients.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the MBCT intervention on whether it could increase self-care efficacy in cancer patients undergoing cancer treatment. Method: The method used in this research is an experiment with a pretest-posttest design with control group design. The research subjects were 20 people who were divided into experimental and control groups with inclusive. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The results showed an increase in self-care efficacy after administering the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) intervention with a self-care efficacy value of Z = -2.660 and p = 0.008. Conclusions: The research results show that mindfulness based cognitive behavior therapy (MBCT) can increase patient confidence in carrying out treatment regularly. Cancer patients who Applying MBCT in everyday life they can also feel the effects such as tense muscles becoming more comfortable, better conscious breathing begins to feel the impact on the subject's calmness, and increased ability to detect the body. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) changes the behavior of each participant to be able to accept themselves in any situation, more easily adapt to changes that occur in their physical and life and establish social relationships with other people.

Comparison of barriers to physical activity to levels of physical activity and psychological well-being based on the demographic environment in the vision impairment disability group

Barriers to physical activity in vision impairment are associated with increased inactivity and psychological well-being problems. Previous research has only identified constraints in physical activity without conducting an in-depth analysis of physical activity levels and psychological well-being. This study aims to explore the differences in physical activity barriers based on three different demographic environments regarding physical activity levels and psychological well-being. The method used was quantitative inferential with a cross-sectional design approach involving 90 respondents registered with the Indonesia Association of the Blind. Data were collected using the Barrier Questionnaire for People with Vision Impairment (BPAQ-VI), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS), and General Practice Physical Activity (GPPAQ). The data was processed using the one-way ANOVA test and the Tukey HSD via SPSS version 26. The study's results stated differences in physical activity barriers, physical activity levels, and psychological well-being in vision impairment groups living in urban centres, suburbs, and rural areas (p<0.05). It was concluded that the visionly impaired disability group living in the city centre had minimal barriers compared to the vision impairment group living in suburban and rural areas. Vision impairment groups living in urban centres have better physical activity and psychological well-being than those living in suburbs and rural areas. The study contributed to an increase in the number of fitness influencers among those with vision impairment. It raised awareness among sports practitioners to design innovative and friendly exercise methods and programs for the group. Keywords: Barrier Physical Activity, health, fitness and wellness, environment, psychological well-being, blind.