Problems In Jakarta Research Articles

Air pollution threatens health and climate change in Jakarta

Background: Currently air pollution is one of the main problems in Jakarta. Due to the lifestyle of the people of Jakarta who are more consumptive of vehicles and also the number of skyscrapers so that this has an impact on increasing air pollution which results in climate change and also become one of the causes of decreased child health. The purpose of this research is to determine the air pollution in Jakarta through the NAFAS application, whether or not it is in accordance with global air quality standards. Methods: The data of this study are Air Pollution Particles of PM 2.5. while samples are taken periodically for up to a month. Findings: One of the particles in air pollution that is being discussed is PM 2.5. PM 2.5 comes from both natural and human sources. Particulate matter (PM) is a type of particle that consists of solid or liquid droplets found in the air. Conclusion: These particles are also sometimes referred to as aerosols. These particles come from both natural and human sources, such as fields, fires,dirt roads, and construction sites. Many particles are formed in the air as a result of complex reactions caused by chemicals in the atmosphere from sources such as power plants, factories, and vehicles.

Information System for Detecting Water Pollution in Jakarta Riverine Communities Using Filtration and Electro gravimetric Methods Based on the Internet of Things

River problems in Jakarta, from upstream to downstream, are closely related to public education and awareness followed by cultural shifts. The development of industrial centers in the Jakarta area has also made waste a significant source of pollution for rivers. The aim of this research is to build an information system for detecting water pollution in communities along the Jakarta river using filtration and electro gravimetric methods based on the internet of things. In the tool section there are sensors that can be used as indicators for collecting data which will later be processed by the Application section. Media in the form of applications on Android cell phones and also websites or dashboard platforms for cloud-based Io T device facilities such as Think speak which aims to provide convenience for users of this system. Providing information in the form of appropriate or inappropriate water quality to those who need the data in question. Provide information on the dangers of polluted water if used and consumed. Produces real data about the pH of the water and the content of the water used.

Comprehensive assets-based approach for neighborhoods that are under-resourced in Jakarta (case study: Keagungan Sub-district in West Jakarta, Indonesia)

Neighborhoods that are under-resourced are one of the main problems that almost always accompany the growth of big cities, especially in developing countries, including Jakarta. This research aims to examine the application of the Comprehensive Assets-Based Approach (CABA) as an alternative solution to the problem of neighborhoods that are under-resourced in Jakarta. The research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method by examining one of the structuring concepts as an alternative solution to settlement problems in Jakarta, which is directed at achieving liveable housing variables. Data on houses and settlements were obtained directly from Keagungan sub-districts, including neighborhoods that are under-resourced in Jakarta. The first step is to analyze settlement data to formulate the main problems in the neighborhoods that are under-resourced. The second step is to analyze the application of the CABA method to the problems that have been obtained before. The results of the research found that one of the primary root problems in the neighborhoods that are under-resourced in Jakarta is the interweaving of economic and social problems, which include lack of income, lack of knowledge and adherence to building regulations, as well as the lack of knowledge on the criteria for liveable housing. We, therefore, conclude that it is very likely to apply the CABA method for solving neighborhoods that are under-resourced in Jakarta based on community empowerment.

Thei Analysis of Odd-Even Policies in Reducing Pollution Problems in Jakarta

Pollution pollution in Jakarta is one of the hot topics of discussion among the community. The main factor causing air pollution in Jakarta is the increasing number of emissions due to the increasing number of transportation vehicles. One solution to this problem is the Odd-Even Policy. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the Odd-Even Policy in overcoming pollution problems in Jakarta. This research is quantitative research with an explantory approach, namely research that uses previous research as a stepping stone to find new variations including novelty and research gaps. The research results show that the Odd-Even Policy is effectively implemented in order to reduce pollution problems in Indonesia.

Nusantara Capital City (IKN): Threats and Defense Strategies for Indonesia’s New Capital

Jakarta, as the current state capital of Indonesia, plays an important role as the center of government and economy. However, due to several problems in Jakarta, the government has considered relocating the capital city to other regions. The President of Indonesia, Jokowi, has expressed his intention to move the capital city to Kalimantan Island. This relocation has raised concerns about defense policy. This research aims to identify the threats that may arise in the proposed new capital city, Nusantara Capital City (IKN), and to propose strategies to overcome them. The methods used in this research include a qualitative approach based on documented perceptions, assumptions, and judgments among Indonesia’s leaders and a quantitative approach to mapping the comparative postures of relevant defense figures. The results indicate that the highest threat in IKN comes from the air (combat, UAV, ICBM’s), while the low-level threat is the location of IKN, which is near the borders, and FIR coincides with the IASL. The critical aspect of defending IKN would be to strengthen national defense diplomacy in the region. In conclusion, this research provides insight into the potential threats to the proposed new capital city and suggests strategies to mitigate them.

PERKEMBANGAN KANAL OUD BATAVIA ABAD XVII–XX: TINJAUAN SEJARAH PERKOTAAN

Urban environmental problems such as flooding and water pollution have actually occurred in Jakarta (formerly Batavia) since the Dutch colonial era. Batavia was one of the cities with a myriad of urban planning problems, such as canal flooding which continues to this day. This article was written to find the root of the water problem in Jakarta by reviewing the development of canal construction from the Oud Batavia to the Nieuwe Batavia era. This study was conducted to identify the colonial government’s methods for dealing with flooding and repairing problematic canals. Thus, this research is expected to provide an insight for the current government on ways to deal with flood problems in Jakarta in the contemporary era. Results show that the expansion of settlements from Kota Tua to Weltevreden was also influenced by the dirty canal environment in Oud Batavia. Dirty, sedimentary, and problematic canals were restored, but the old problems persist. Then, Weltevreden was chosen as Ommelanden (expansion area) of Oud Batavia.

GreenPeace’s Strategy in Handling Plastic Waste in DKI Jakarta 2017-2020

The increase in the amount of plastic waste is a worrying environmental problem, due to the nature of plastic that is difficult to decompose. This article analyzes GreenPeace's strategy for handling plastic waste problems in Jakarta during 2017-2020 and the obstacles that occur in implementing the strategy. The research uses qualitative research methods, data collection comes from primary data through interviews with informants and secondary data through literature studies from various sources. Using the theory of NGO strategy put forward by John McCormick to see the GreenPeace method in solving the problems that occur. The results showed that GreenPeace carried out several strategies in handling plastic waste in Jakarta with a tendency to use five of the nine strategies described by John McCormick, namely the strategy of working with Elected Officials, Bureaucrats, and Employess of corporations by holding activities with the theme of plastic waste, raising and spending money. for campaigns on environmental issues including plastic waste, campaigning and organizing public protests conducted several times with other communities, promoting media coverage of environmental as a tool to expand the issue of plastic waste, exchanging information in the form of workshops and educational activities, undertaking research to produce accurate data, generating local community involvement in environmental protection to increase public awareness. GreenPeace's obstacles in carrying out strategies from the government's external side in addressing existing problems and industrial companies that continue to use single-use plastic without immediately looking for other alternatives. While the internal side is the lack of intensity of GreenPeace in advocating the government.

Managing Multicultural Society in Indonesia

This paper attempts to employ several concepts develop in the west to resolve social and political conflict in a multicultural society. The concept of interculturalism recently proposed as an alternative to the concept of multiculturalism and its related policy considered as a failure will be reviewed to get the perspective to view multicultural problems in Jakarta. In the wake of a recent local election, Jakarta has been rocked by a series of demonstration by Islamic groups against Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (Ahok) the Jakarta’s mayor, a Chinese-Christian that accused to denigrate Islam in one of his speech. After a heated campaign from both sides, Basuki who run for the second term controversially lost in a small margin to Anis Baswedan, his rival, an Arabic descent and a Muslim. The election was highly contentious as the supporter of Anies aggressively using Islam as the rallying cry to defeat Ahok. The political development that shows the increasing political pressures from the Islamic groups alarmingly polarized the population into sectarian politics and breaking up the previously multi-cultural coexistence. The multi-cultural issues in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, a Muslim majority country, could provide a good case of problem in governing a culturally diverse country, in the non-Western society. What is the hindrance in employing the Western concept, particularly citizenship, given the different historical trajectory for such an urban multicultural society like Jakarta? The paper would like to contribute into the debate on the problem of multicultural society from the experience of a non-Western country.

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) Simulation in Sunter River Using Non Orthogonal Water Quality Model Transport

Water pollution problem in Jakarta has been going on for a long time. The existence of some rivers that are not directly connected to upstream in the tidal area can speed up the occurrence of water pollution and slow the circulation of polluted waste that affects water quality in river-estuary. Since 2010 after Kanal Banjir Timur (KBT) operated, Sunter River streamflow was divided by KBT, changes flow rate and water quality pattern. The study area is the main channel of the Sunter River which has 17 km lengths includes Duren Sawit, Pulo Gadung, Kelapa Gading, Plumpang, Rawa Badak and Tanjung Priok Area where the average water load is 624 mg/L. The simulation is divided into 2 scenarios with a flowrate configuration of 5 m3/s and 100 m3/s (with a raining condition of 1 hour). MuQuald3D, a three-dimensional water quality model, has been employed in this research. The merit of this model is that it can accurately predict water pollution load within the surface layer and the bottom layer and can be shown in contour profile which is effective and efficient guidance to solve the water quality problems along Sunter river-estuary. The model results show the effect of salinity will gradually reduce BOD concentration, and the existence of permanent construction around estuary (breakwater, port) changes pollutant distribution to the West and East area and increases the time of decomposition in waters, especially in low flowrate conditions.

Integration of Public Transportation in Smart Transportation System (Smart Transportation System) in Jakarta

Congestion is not a new problem for Jakarta, as the center of government and a metropolitan city in Indonesia. Handling the congestion problem in Jakarta then requires a comprehensive and comprehensive solution. Smart cities and smart transportation systems are thought to be able to do just that. This paper aims to review the existing smart transportation system in Jakarta and attempt to integrate public transportation into this system as an effort to overcome congestion in Jakarta. The review in this paper is carried out qualitatively by reviewing various literatures that have been published previously. The results show that the government has started trying to develop a smart city through the Jakarta Smart City (JSC) so that the development of a smart transportation system as part of a smart city is needed. In this case, this paper has developed a framework for a smart transportation system that integrates the public transportation system into it so that a more integrated smart transportation system is created for Jakarta.

Understanding Commuter’s Motivation of Transportation Choice: A Case Study of Greater Jakarta

Among the various modes of transportation, road transport is one of the most common modes of transport due to the comfortability and ease of commute. It is no wonder that road transport has become the primary energy consumption, which also significantly contributes dangerous levels to the ever-increasing pollution. Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia is undeniably the most massive contributor to pollution in the world, and its complex transportation problems led to the city ranks highest in CO2 emission. One of the leading causes of transportation problems in Jakarta is the low percentage utilization of public transport. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to explore the reasons behind the people's decision in selecting travel options, especially the adoption of green commuting behavior like public transportation; the analysis of which was explicitly taken from daily commuting using probit regression. The estimation results reveal that in Greater Jakarta, both educational attainment and population density have a negative correlation with the people’s decision to utilize mass transportation since the unreliability of the transportation system lessens the benefit of using public transport in comparison with that of private transport.

Understanding Commuter’s Motivation of Transportation Choice: A Case Study of Greater Jakarta

Among the various modes of transportation, road transport is one of the most common modes of transport due to the comfortability and ease of commute. It is no wonder that road transport has become the primary energy consumption, which also significantly contributes dangerous levels to the ever-increasing pollution. Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia is undeniably the most massive contributor to pollution in the world, and its complex transportation problems led to the city ranks highest in CO2 emission. One of the leading causes of transportation problems in Jakarta is the low percentage utilization of public transport. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to explore the reasons behind the people's decision in selecting travel options, especially the adoption of green commuting behavior like public transportation; the analysis of which was explicitly taken from daily commuting using probit regression. The estimation results reveal that in Greater Jakarta, both educational attainment and population density have a negative correlation with the people’s decision to utilize mass transportation since the unreliability of the transportation system lessens the benefit of using public transport in comparison with that of private transport.

Designing Smart Parking System through the Use of IoT and Big Data

One of the endless problem in Jakarta is the potential loss of DKI Jakarta regional government revenue related to parking fees. This study was made to overcome this problem by proposing the utilization of IoT and Big Data technology for smart parking system as a contribution to the Jakarta Smart City plan. Actual real time data of parking management by utilizing IoT brings out the collaboration of tools and technologies which may provide controlling and monitoring features to smart parking system. Furthermore, big data technology allows DKI Jakarta government easily predicts the potential revenue from each parking location spread throughout the city. This paper will discuss about the requirements, system architecture, detection methods and technologies based on commodity hardware and a group of Hadoop MR Platforms to investigate the ability of intelligent parking platforms to process and analyze large data in Jakarta

SUSTAINABLE URBAN PUBLIC PARK LANDSCAPE DESIGN CRITERIA BASED ON COMMUNITY PERCEPTION AND ASPIRATIONS

This article interprets the perception and aspirations of the city community, as a cornerstone of drafting the design criteria of a community-based city park landscape, which is effective and sustainable. Flooding and drought problems in Jakarta and surrounding areas should be resolved in a comprehensive, integrated and sustainable manner. Referring to the Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) which is an innovation in integrated water management, it is recommended to develop the function of detention and retention ponds as part of storm drainage system, replacing conventional system. Development of the city park landscape criteria as the synergies of the RTH function and the detention/retention ponds should be approached in a very careful, avoiding fatal malfunction and harsh rejection of the user community. The best approach should be done through tracing the needs, desires and expectations of the city community as the ‘end user' as well as 'super client' of the city park. Research on the perception and aspirations of the city community on the idea of the development of City Park with the role of retention/retention ponds has been conducted between February to May 2020 in Jabodetabek.

MRT as an Alternative Transportation Solution which is environmentally friendly and traffic jam free in Jakarta

The ease, the existence of vacancies, Development of area, reducing pollution, and investment in Indonesia are some the benefits of the presence of Jakarta MRT in Indonesia. What is the role of MRT operations as a solution to traffic jam and air pollution in Jakarta? How does the presence of the MRT affect for the Jakarta citizens? And Is the MRT operating arrangement same as the train? The things mentioned above are the problems in this writing. The purpose of this paper is to describe the role of MRT operations as a solution to traffic jam, air pollution and the influence of the existence of the MRT to the Jakarta citizens in using public transportation. The research used is Normative with secondary data supported by primary data and analyzed descriptively through a qualitative approach. The role of the operation of the Jakarta MRT is very supportive in reducing air pollution. Its speed, capacity to accommodate a large number of passengers and reduce pollution are the role of the MRT as a solution offered by the government to reduce problems in Jakarta, namely traffic jam and air pollution. MRT is the same as the Train, which is the mode of land transportation but has a different legal basis, passenger capacity and operation.

LAND SUBSIDENCE MONITORING ON THE UNDERGROUND MRT CONSTRUCTION AREA IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA

Space utilization for measurement of the changes of Earth’s surface is an alternative monitoring technique. Covering a large area with better spatial resolution, comparable accuracy and costly low compared with conventional measurement have made SAR technology more popular in monitoring the subsidence. Land subsidence is the vertical movement of the land surface mainly triggered by fluid extraction, load of construction, geological condition, natural compaction or tectonic activity. Previous researchers have found that Jakarta has experienced land subsidence for decades. On the other hand, rapid urban growth and severe congestion problem in Jakarta are also crucial issues. By providing the first MRT subway, it is expected to be solved the congestion problem. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR) is one of method to identify the deformation with millimeter accuracy. It was perfectly useful for studied on the land subsidence in consequence of the first MRT subway project in Jakarta. The land displacement monitoring along MRT subway trajectory has been acquired by processing Sentinel 1 and ALOS PALSAR-2. This study was able to investigate the land subsidence by using SARPROZ. Finally, the results of this study indicated that land subsidence occurred in the construction area with the lowest land subsidence rate of -0.6 cm/year and the highest land subsidence rate was -7.3 cm/year.
 Keywords: PSInSAR; subway; land subsidence; MRT.

Is Jakarta a child-friendly city?

The Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area consists of 3 regencies and five cities, making it the second-largest conurbation in the world. The city is grappling with massive environmental issues and rampant social problems that give a rise to a child-unfriendly city. Jakarta is not only unfriendly to the lower-class children but also the higher-class groups. The disconnected transportation network has rendered families, especially those from the middle to high-income groups, to rely on private vehicles for their daily mobility. Due to this situation, children might spend more time on car rides or child-care services such as daycare or domestic nanny. The government has been trying to improve the Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area’s child-friendly city by creating some child-friendly city policies and interventions. But how effective are they to resolve the current issues faced by many Jakartan families? Through this article, we intend to identify families’ everyday problems in Jakarta to meet the juggle demands and assess the effectiveness of those policies to resolve the daily issues faced by families in Jakarta. The data were collected through document analysis, internet-based data collection, and in-depth online interviews with 16 respondents living in Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area. The findings indicated several improvements that Jakarta needs to address to provide a child-friendly environment for its residents.

Factors Affecting Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Medical Students

Background: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is one of the health problems that bring great effects in education, productivity, and socioeconomic life in Indonesia. It accounts for approximately 10.5% of 304 digestive problems in Jakarta, Indonesia. Particular characteristics are known to increase the risk of IBS in individuals, but the study of IBS in Indonesia is still limited in number. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and factors affecting Irritable Bowel Syndrome in medical students.Method: This study is a cross sectional study on medical students of Pelita Harapan University, Karawaci, Tangerang on January 2018 until March 2018. Data were obtained with the use of questionnaire of demographic data, ROME IV IBS Criteria, GAD DSM-IV, and PSQI as the instruments with random sampling technique, and statistically tested using Chi-Squared test.Results: A total of 210 samples consist of 54 subjects with IBS (25.7%) with 43 women (79.6%) and 11 men (20.4%). Findings of bivariate analysis are sex (95% CI, 0.751 - 3.346), obesity (95% CI, 0.612 - 2.673), history of drug consumption (95% CI, 1.246 - 6.742), family history of IBS (95% CI, 1.246 - 6.742), anxiety (95% CI, 1.419 - 9.709), and sleep disorder (95% CI, 0.514 - 1.785).Conclusion: The prevalence of IBS in medical students in our institution is 25.7% with history of drug consumption, family history of IBS, and anxiety as factors statistically significant in IBS.

Analysis of the Influence of River Flow Engineering Upstream Areas on Sediment Transport in the Downstream Areas

Flooding is one of the common problems in Jakarta, and one of its causes is the overflow of the Pesanggrahan River. To overcome it, the Jakarta Provincial Government in 2013 normalized the river. However, several studies show that normalization results in channel instability on sediment transport. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of river normalization in upstream areas on sediment transport in the downstream regions of the section that is reviewed. The identification of changes in river flow before and after Normalization was carried out based on data from the Central Office of River Region Ciliwung-Cisadane, Ministry of Public Works. HEC-RAS is used to simulate sediment transport in the river segment before and after Normalization. The results are used to determine cross-section changes due to sediment transport and to determine the water level of the river. From the water level, the hydraulic radius can be calculated and then carried out sediment transport calculation using Ackers-White equation since the equation using grain distribution from range 0.02 – 4.94 mm. From the calculation, it can be seen that sediment transport at the upstream point increases 155.11 tons/year, at the middle point increases 89.64 tons/year, and at the downstream point decreases 0.28 tons/year.

Managing the Urban Environment of Jakarta, Indonesia

This article brings the contemporary thinking and practice of Urban Environmental Management (UEM) to the solution of current environmental problems in Jakarta, Indonesia, which is both the largest city in Southeast Asia and the heart of the world’s second largest urban agglomeration, Jabotadebek. Such cities face more immediate problems than those in the developed world and have fewer resources to deal with them. The study first considers the context of Indonesia, and then reviews issues of poverty alleviation, industry, transportation, energy, water, sewage and sanitation, and finance. Finally, it proposes a 5-year plan to help alleviate the urban environmental problems of the city utilizing a real-world database and a limited budget.