Abstract
Flooding is one of the common problems in Jakarta, and one of its causes is the overflow of the Pesanggrahan River. To overcome it, the Jakarta Provincial Government in 2013 normalized the river. However, several studies show that normalization results in channel instability on sediment transport. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of river normalization in upstream areas on sediment transport in the downstream regions of the section that is reviewed. The identification of changes in river flow before and after Normalization was carried out based on data from the Central Office of River Region Ciliwung-Cisadane, Ministry of Public Works. HEC-RAS is used to simulate sediment transport in the river segment before and after Normalization. The results are used to determine cross-section changes due to sediment transport and to determine the water level of the river. From the water level, the hydraulic radius can be calculated and then carried out sediment transport calculation using Ackers-White equation since the equation using grain distribution from range 0.02 – 4.94 mm. From the calculation, it can be seen that sediment transport at the upstream point increases 155.11 tons/year, at the middle point increases 89.64 tons/year, and at the downstream point decreases 0.28 tons/year.
Highlights
The geometric and planform shapes of rivers are determined by characteristics of two basic phenomena, hydraulics of flow with its sediment transport (Mohammed, Alturfi, & Shlash, 2018)
Based on the results of research and studies on parts of the Pesanggrahan River from upstream in the South Grogol area, Kebayoran Lama District to downstream in the Cengkareng area, Central Jakarta along the 9.02 km, it can be concluded that Normalization of the river by aligning and installing plaster on both riverbanks along the 9.02 km will affect the shape of the river channel in terms of the profile lengthwise or transversely
From the simulation using HEC - RAS and the calculation of sediment transport using the Ackers - White equation, it can be seen that the amount of sediment transport in the upstream region has increased from 59.29 tons/year to 214.4 tons/year, in the middle area has increased from 12.18 tons/year to 101.82 tons/year, and downstream areas decreased from 0.74 tons/year to 0.46 tons/year
Summary
The geometric and planform shapes of rivers are determined by characteristics of two basic phenomena, hydraulics of flow with its sediment transport (Mohammed, Alturfi, & Shlash, 2018). Sediment transport is one of the natural factors that form the morphology of the channel (Soar & Thorne, 2001). Normalization of the river to change river conditions with specific dimensions, usually by widening the river, creating concrete walls, and straightening the river (Brookes, 1988). Channelisation is the term used to embrace all processes of river channel engineering for flood control, drainage improvement, maintenance of navigation, reduction of bank erosion, or relocation for highway construction (Brookes, 1988). Pesanggrahan River is one of the rivers that has been changed from its original form. Normalization is carried out by the government to deal with flooding, which often happens in the area around the river
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