Problem Of Construction Research Articles

Exploration of Innovative Paths in Higher Education Management under the Background of New Media

In the era of rapid development of internet new media information interaction technology, various universities have also relied on new media technologies such as online MOOC platforms, Weibo, WeChat, DingTalk, etc., combined with the "online and offline" integrated teaching concept, to reform and innovate the existing subject education, ideological and political education, and employment guidance education models on campus, in order to improve the quality of professional course education, ideological and moral education, and behavior management for college students. Starting from the perspective of "comprehensive education" and information transformation development in higher education management, this paper explores the problems of insufficient systematic institutional system construction, inadequate construction of new media platforms, absence of new media management teams, and outdated management content and methods in current education management for student groups. Based on this, guided by constructivist theory and mass communication theory, and based on new media technology, it strengthens the management platform of new media education in universities The innovative construction of educational management content and workflow drives the improvement of efficiency and quality in educational management work.

Матрица расстояний между российскими регионами и её использование в экономическом анализе

The spatial factor plays an important role in solving many practical problems of modern economics — from the analysis of trade and migration to the study of the dynamics of regional prices and the spread of epidemics. At the same time, the method of calculating the distance matrix plays a very important role. Countries and even regions are not point objects, and economic activity in them is distributed all over the territory, but the distance is measured between two points. In addition, the distance between points can be calculated along a straight line (great circle arc), roads and railways, or by some synthetic method. Special attention is paid to the regions without railroad connection. The paper considers the main problems of distance matrix construction and possible ways to solve them. As a result, we recommend a distance matrix that can be used by all specialists in spatial economics.

From Turning Points to Teacher Identity Learning Environments: Late-Career Language Teachers Speak Up

Although learning is usually associated with some regulatory bodies, external education, programmes or experts, there is another kind of learning which can be gained from reflection on a language teacher’s biography and their teacher identity learning in a professional environment. The present article focuses on the analysis of four veteran Polish late-career language teachers of English, French, German and Russian who share their language-teacher lives in in-depth narrative inquiry interviews with the author of this text. The article aims to find out how various language-related critical incidents, or turning points, that took place in these teachers’ lives have affected their succeeding professional lives, and their individual perception of the language-teacher identity learning environments available to them. From the analysis of the data, four teacher identity constructions have been distinguished: “the constructive problem solver”, “the comfort minder”, “the perceiver of language-related social injustice” and “the language learner”, and it transpires that the teachers’ previous experiences are likely to affect how and why other things happen. This finding may have vital pedagogical implications for language-teacher educators, as the construction of teacher identities that are related to the participants’ meaningful and unique past experiences may question the sense of developing one universal language-teacher identity.

Analysis of face stability for shallow shield tunnels in sand

The stability of the tunnel face is the key problem in shield tunnel construction. This paper focuses on the face stability of a shallow tunnel in sand. Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis are combined to study the limit support pressure and failure zone. Firstly, numerical simulation is employed to study the collapse of the tunnel face, obtaining the limit support pressure and collapse zone. A new failure model suitable for shallow tunnels is constructed based on these numerical simulations. Then, an analytic solution for the limit support pressure is derived using limit analysis upper bound theory. The accuracy and applicability of this proposed model are verified by comparing it with numerical results and classical analytical models. Through this research, it is found that the proposed model provides a more accurate description of situations where soil arches cannot be formed for shallow tunnels in sand, leading to higher accuracy in calculating the limit support pressure. The influence of various factors on stability of the tunnel face is analyzed, revealing mechanisms of tunnel face collapse.

Influence of cutterhead opening ratio on soil arching effect and face stability during tunnelling through non-uniform soils

Tunnelling has increasingly become an essential tool in the exploration of underground space. A typical construction problem is the face instability during tunnelling, posing a great threat to associated infrastructures. Tunnel face instability often occurs with the soil arching collapse. This study investigates the combined effect of cutterhead opening ratio and soil non-uniformity on soil arching effect and face stability, via conducting random finite-element analysis coupled with Monte–Carlo simulations. The results underscore that the face stability is strongly associated with the evolution of stress arch. The obtained stability factors in the uniform soils can serve as a reference for the design of support pressure in practical tunnelling engineering. In addition, non-uniform soils exhibit a lower stability factor than uniform soils, which implies that the latter likely yields an underestimated probability of face failure. The tunnel face is found to have a probability of failure more than 50% if the spatial non-uniformity of soil is ignored. In the end, a practical framework is established to determine factor of safety (FOS) corresponding to different levels of probability of face failure considering various opening ratios in non-uniform soils. The required FOS is 1.70 to limit the probability of face instability no more than 0.1%. Our findings can facilitate the prediction of probability of instability in the conventionally deterministic design of face pressure.

The role of legal constructions in rule-making activity

The scientific article examines questions regarding the naked role of legal constructions in rule-making activity. We can point out that it is the legal construction that plays its main role as one of the most important means of legal technique. We propose to consider the legal construction in the prism of rule-making activity. They are considered as a conceptual form of legal thinking, which can be expressed in a system of norms that specify a specific mechanism of legal regulation or its separate element. On the basis of the above, the definition of legal structures and their main role in rule-making activity is proposed. Legal constructions are a single and independent element of legal technique. We can note that there is currently a high level of scientists studying the role of legal constructions. This applies mainly to branch disciplines, and not to general theoretical research. Recently, new research on this role of legal construction is based on the modern views of scientists. New reasons for the origin of legal constructions and their main role are proposed. We can see that there are no clear opinions about the origin of the role of legal constructions.
 Thus, we propose to consider the latest formation of concepts and their origin and to pay special attention to the definition of the role of constructions in rule-making activity. Attention is paid to the current topic of jurisprudence, related to the process of the defined role of constructions of legal activity with a practical component. The scientific novelty consists not only in the analysis of domestic literature, regarding the concept and the main role of legal constructions, but also in the latest views on this definition. At the same time, the problems of legal constructions until now have mostly sectoral (civil, criminal, administrative, family, financial, tax, social security, etc.) «coloring», which characterizes most of the research from the practical side.

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The effect of problem-based learning on cognitive skills in solving geometric construction problems: a case study in Kazakhstan

IntroductionThis study aims to investigate the impact of a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) course on cognitive skills (i.e., Critical Thinking, Problem-Solving, Logical Reasoning, Creativity, and Decision-Making) in the context of solving geometric construction problems.MethodsThe research utilized a quasi-experimental design involving a control group and an experimental group to assess the effects of the PBL intervention. Cognitive skills were measured using a custom-designed questionnaire. Additionally, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed in a subsequent phase to scrutinize the causal interrelationships among these cognitive skills.ResultsIn the initial phase, the findings revealed that the PBL intervention had a statistically significant positive impact on problem-solving and creativity skills. However, the effects on critical thinking, logical reasoning, and decision-making skills did not reach statistical significance. In the subsequent phase employing SEM, the analysis demonstrated significant positive relationships, particularly between critical thinking and problem-solving, critical thinking and logical reasoning, logical reasoning and problem-solving, and logical reasoning and creativity. Notably, creativity also exhibited a significant positive effect on problem-solving.DiscussionThis study underscores the nuanced impact of PBL on different cognitive skills, with clear enhancements observed in problem-solving and creativity. However, the study suggests that the effects may not be uniform across all cognitive skills. These findings offer valuable insights for educators and curriculum designers, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches when integrating PBL to foster cognitive skill development.

Synergistic ecological network approach for sustainable development of highly urbanized area in the Bay Bottom region: A study in Chengyang District, Qingdao

Rapid urbanization has put the marine environment under great threat, and cities in the Bay Bottom area are more likely to cause a large number of ecological problems in urban development and construction due to their special land-sea interaction environment. Ecological network is an effective solution to coordinate regional ecological protection and sustainable urban development. This study focused on Chengyang District, one of the highly urbanized areas at the bottom of Jiaozhou Bay in Qingdao, China, was using Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) to initially identify ecological source areas and extracting important ecological source areas in conjunction with the landscape connectivity assessment, and was determining ecological resistance values based on the importance of ecosystem services, and was optimizing ecological network by the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR) and network structure analysis. The results indicated that: (1) the habitat in Chengyang District is severely fragmented, and the ecological network structure has significant features in terms of source area, type and corridor distribution, with a low percentage of source area, identification of characteristic source types such as reservoirs, wetlands, and aquaculture ponds, while the corridors are concentrated in the area of rivers and bays, and there is fragmentation in the inland areas of the city. (2) Preliminarily, 15 ecological source sites were identified, mainly distributed in the vicinity of Jiaozhou Bay Wetland, Jihongtan Reservoir and Laoshan Mountain, among which, Jiaozhou Bay Wetland is the most important ecological source in Chengyang District. Thirty-two ecological nodes and 24 ecological corridors were constructed. (3) By increasing the inland ecological sources in Chengyang District, the optimized ecological network forms a spatial pattern of “four cores, three belts, and four districts”, and proposes and formulates targeted ecological protection and management strategies to promote the sustainable development of the urban areas in the bottom of the bay. In addition, this study provides a new reference for the global ecological protection of cities in the bay area by improving the ecological network of cities in the Bay Bottom area.

Research on the Construction Problems of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Programs in Higher Vocational Colleges and Universities under the Background of Digital Technology Era

Abstract Entrepreneurship and innovative education have emerged as a new paradigm for the development of higher vocational abilities in the modern era, leaping into the global trend and tendency of higher education’s change and growth. The objective of this study is to explore the current state of innovation and entrepreneurship course construction in higher vocational schools. Specifically, we extracted students’ behavioral characteristics using the short-term behavioral sequence of attention and used the SVM model to predict the classification of innovation and business ownership education courses in higher professional colleges. Data mining was used to combine background information from the digital technology era to construct these courses in higher vocational schools. Furthermore, a multivariate linear regression model based on students’ comprehensive ability to innovate and entrepreneurship is established after the problems associated with curriculum construction are analyzed in order to investigate the relationship and impact between curriculum construction and students’ ability to innovate and entrepreneurship. The findings indicate that there is a general lack of an entrepreneurial culture in schools, a poor cultural heritage of entrepreneurship, a gender difference of 6.1, a lack of faculty strength, and a lack of funding, to the tune of 5.2 and 4.4, respectively, and the comprehensive ability of innovation and entrepreneurship of students = 0.30+0.25*curriculum structure+0.54*curriculum implementation+ 0.15*curriculum evaluation. Higher vocational institutions looking to enhance the way their courses on innovation and entrepreneurship are constructed can use the results of this study to guide their research.

House of State Institutions in Irkutsk (House of Soviets)

The article considers one of the most striking objects of the Soviet period, the House of Soviets, at different stages of its realisation – from its design to final result. On the example of the Irkutsk House of Soviets the peculiarities of the approach to buildings of this type are revealed: architectural competitions, complex environmental approach, stylistic features associated with ideological attitudes, construction problems.

On the algorithmization of construction of the transition intensity matrix in systems with a large number of same elements

In this article, using the example of a multi-channel exponential queueing system with reordering of requests, we study the problem of computer construction of the state space and coefficient matrix of a system of equilibrium equations. As a result, general principles for solving problems of this type are formulated.

Calculation of the temperature condition of a thermostabilizable base with a single pile

The article deals with one of the main problems of construction in the area of permafrost soils - the presence of sites represented by thawed permafrost soils [1-3], formed due to natural conditions (waterlogged site, site relief features, swamping, etc.) and man-made impacts (warming effect of buildings and structures, systematic discharges and leaks from engineering networks, runoff and stagnation of surface rainwater, etc.). To ensure the bearing capacity of a single pile and the specified temperature regime of the foundation soils in the given engineering-geocryological conditions, it is possible to use the cooling devices of seasonal action. The main issue when using the cooling devices of seasonal action is to determine the main parameters affecting the bearing capacity of a single pile and the deformability of the foundation. To determine the parameters affecting the bearing capacity of a single pile and the deformability of the foundation, a set of numerical temperature calculations of thermostabilized soil mass represented by thawed permafrost soils with a single pile under different initial boundary conditions was performed in the certified Frost 3D software package. Temperature calculations were performed for the thawed soil mass, in which a single reinforced concrete pile with a single vertical vapor-liquid thermal stabilizer structure is submerged. The geometrical dimensions of the calculated area are 30 × 30 × 30 m. Based on the results of numerical experiments, the main physical, thermal and geometric parameters of the formed frozen core have been determined, which will be incorporated into the methodology for predicting the bearing capacity of a single pile in a thermally stabilized viscoelastic foundation represented by thawed permafrost soils. On the basis of the calculations performed, a design diagram of a single pile in a thermostabilized foundation was built and graphical dependences of changes in the diameter, height and geometric position of the frozen core depending on the initial boundary conditions were plotted.

Research on the Proportion and Strength of Joint Filler Materials for External Wall Tiles

Tile is the main exterior material of reinforced concrete building in Taiwan. However, the tiles are peeled off due to the deterioration of the building or the force of the earthquake recently. The construction sequence of exterior wall tiles includes cement mortar, waterproof layer, adhesive layer, paste tile and caulk. Most of tiles peel off from the adhesive layer so there are many studies focusing on the construction of adhesive layers. If the adhesive is not applied during construction or deteriorates over the years, it will lose its adhesion, and the caulk plays an important role in fixing the tile to the wall. Therefore, it is necessary to study the joint filling of exterior wall tiles. In this study, the exterior wall construction problems are sorted out, workers often ignore the proper water-cement ratio due to rush work in the construction site. The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of the water-cement ratio of the tile joint filler on the strength by pull-off and shear experiments. Set the water-cement ratio of joint filler to 1:4, 1:2, 1:1.3, 1:1, and quantitatively use in the same area. The results showed that the caulk with a water-cement ratio of 1:4 showed the best pull-off strength, which is 4.5 times that of 1:2. The increase in water volume at the construction site due to rush would lead to a significant decrease in strength. We look forward to providing a reference for on-site construction in this study.

Analysis of debonding mechanism and concrete cover failure of steel and steel fibre reinforced concrete composite beams

To solve the construction problems of steel reinforced concrete structures, the rebar cage was replaced by steel fibres, thus an innovative structure, steel and steel fibre reinforced concrete (SSFRC) structure, was proposed. Based on the four-point bending tests and numerical modelling of 18 SSFRC beams, the debonding mechanism and concrete cover failure were investigated. The results reflected that SSFRC beams experienced shearing failure, debonding failure and bending failure. Bonding cracks existed in most specimens, and the generation of abundant bonding cracks led to the sudden load decrease. The uncoordinated deformation between concrete cover and top flange appeared during the internal force transmission, making the bonding interface between them resist strong tensile stress and resulting in the debonding failure. After the chemical bond force at the bonding interface failed, the lateral concrete cover was firstly torn at the top flange tip, forming bonding cracks. The trapezoidal failure zone would form in the pure bending zone if bonding cracks developed sufficiently. Increasing the amount of steel fibres could prevent the trapezoidal failure zone from separation. Influenced by debonding failure, the extrusion action between bottom flange and bottom concrete cover was aggravated, generating longitudinal splitting cracks on the bottom surface of specimen.

Discussion on the Basic Problems of the Development of Macroeconomic Statistical Analysis

This paper mainly discusses the basic problems of the development of macroeconomic statistical analysis. First of all, this paper expounds the importance of macroeconomic statistical analysis in economic development. Secondly, it analyzes the basic problems of macroeconomic statistical analysis, including.Data quality problem, statistical method and technology problem, talent team construction problem, etc. Thirdly, countermeasures are put forward to solve these problems, in order to provide certain reference value for macroeconomic statistical analysis.

Policy Suggestions Based on the New Model of Combining Medical and Elderly Care Services in Rural Areas

In recent years, population ageing has been deepening, and promoting the combination of medical care and old-age care services is an important measure to optimize the supply of health and old-age care services for the elderly. Although the policy of combining medical and elderly care services in rural areas has been continuously improved and made positive progress, there are still some problems in policy support, service capacity and talent construction. Therefore, the government should carefully plan the rural medical and pension system, formulate medium- and long-term plans, and actively take reform measures to establish a new rural medical and pension model. At the same time, strengthen the law, government supervision and publicity to promote the stable operation of the new model of combining rural medical care and old-age care.

FORMATION OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGGLOMERATIONS IN THE TERRITORIAL PLANNING SYSTEM: WORLD EXPERIENCE

The problem of urban construction and development of agglomeration associations is urgent and rapidly growing in the modern world, as cities are becoming key centres of economic, social, and ecological development. Understanding the factors that influence this process is important for sustainable urban planning and development. This study aims to analyse and study the formation of factors influencing the development of agglomeration associations in the system of territorial planning, in particular by researching world experience and analysing relevant literature. The object of the study is the process of development of agglomeration associations, and the subject of the study is the factors that influence this process in the territorial planning system. The methods of literary analysis, statistical data analysis, and comparative analysis were used in this study. The literary analysis made it possible to collect and analyse domestic and foreign sources related to the problem of the development of agglomeration associations. The analysis of statistical data provided an opportunity to confirm and emphasise certain trends in the development of agglomerations. The comparative analysis made it possible to identify differences and common features of the development of agglomerations in different countries. In the course of the study, scientific sources on agglomeration growth and territorial planning were carefully analysed and systematised. A comparative analysis of agglomeration growth in France, Germany, Japan, China, India, and Brazil was conducted, which made it possible to identify common trends and differences. Based on the conducted research, it was established that the development of agglomeration associations is a complex process with various consequences. For the practical implementation of the research results, it is recommended to develop individual approaches to territorial planning and urban development, taking into account the specific factors of each country. It is also important to actively involve the local population in the decision-making process and ensure effective monitoring and control of the sustainable development of agglomeration associations. Keywords: urban construction, territorial planning, town planning, urbanism, development of agglomerations.

A Case Study for an Assessment of Fire Station Selection in the Central Urban Area

With the continual acceleration of urbanization, the amount of urban infrastructure and the quality of public services are increasing in many cities. A pressing concern in this context is the growing problem of incompatible fire protection construction, indicating a need for urban fire stations with well-planned layouts. However, research on optimizing the layout and placement of fire stations by considering the various factors affecting station layouts is lacking. The current study addressed this gap by establishing an optimal fire station layout by using a geographic information system (GIS) and elucidated the trends of GIS application in firefighting and rescue operations. The study’s findings reveal the benefits of avoiding blind spots, enhancing the selection of fire station sites, and optimizing service coverage. Furthermore, this study optimized the layout of CZ city’s downtown fire stations, which could enhance CZ city’s firefighting capabilities.

Research on Promoting the Integration of Patriotic Education in Universities, Middle Schools, and Primary Schools in the New Era

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, which is an era of exploration and progress, an era of innovative development, and an era of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the new era, various undertakings of the country have fully opened up a new situation, and new requirements have been put forward for patriotic education work. In the new era, the integration of patriotic education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools is facing new opportunities and challenges. It is urgent to conduct in-depth research on the problems in the integration construction and propose effective ways to build an integrated patriotic education.