Description Of Problem Research Articles

The complexity of Oriental studies, its interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary perspectives

The article offers an attempt to compare the complex approach to Oriental studies with the phenomenon of multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary research. One has to stress that the term "complex approach" has not yet been fully established. Therefore, every scholar has to explain and identify it according to his research background. Current discussions about the place of Oriental studies in the framework of humanities have shown that this discipline is mistakenly described as "interdisciplinary". Indeed, the interdisciplinary research in the field of Oriental studies covers on average about 10% of the total. The recent development of digital research has revealed a much greater perspective for Oriental studies in a transdisciplinary approach. As a whole, Oriental studies remain a discipline, which continues to be developed in course of a constant theoretical and methodological search. At the same time, this is also "practice-oriented" research, which combines theory, empirical and material findings. Transdisciplinary research, therefore, significantly enhances the results by allowing to conduct of multi-level research. It also allows a precise description of the complex problems of Eastern societies by using the immanent approach to the subject, applying various information constructs and also modern digital tools.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS MATERI LINGKARAN PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VIII

The purpose of the study was to find out the description of the mathematical problem solving abilities of VIII-C class PENIDA Katapang Junior High School students in circle material. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques using documents, tests and in-depth interviews. The research subjects were six people consisting of students in the upper, middle and lower categories. The research subjects were determined by purposive sampling technique by using documents study. To find out the problem solving ability of students using test questions that have been validated. In-depth interviews were conducted to find out the low problem solving abilities of student and their causes. The results show that the problem-solving abilities of students were included in the weak category at each level, namely: (1) for the upper category, it was sufficient; (2) for the medium category including less; and (3) for the lower category including very less. So that the overall student problem solving ability is at a low level.

Distributional reinforcement learning for inventory management in multi-echelon supply chains

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an effective method to solve stochastic sequential decision-making problems. This is a problem description common to supply chain operations, however, most RL algorithms are tailored for game-based benchmarks. Here, we propose a deep RL method tailored for supply chain problems. The proposed algorithm deploys a derivative free approach to balance exploration and exploitation of the neural policy’s parameter space, providing means to avoid low quality local optima. Furthermore, the method allows consideration of risk-sensitive formulations to learn a policy that optimizes, for example, the conditional value-at-risk. The capabilities of our algorithm are tested on a multi-echelon supply chain problem, and several combinatorial optimization problems. The results empirically demonstrate the method’s improved sample efficiency compared to the benchmark algorithm proximal policy optimization, and superior performance to shrinking horizon mixed integer formulations. Additionally, its risk-sensitive policy can offer protection from low probability, high severity scenarios. Finally, we provide a sensitivity analysis for technical intuition.

Social Media as a Source of Knowledge about Gene Therapy for Spinal Muscular Atrophy.

Social media is one of the most common sources of medical information. We aimed to evaluate the information contained on websites, including social media and descriptions of fundraisers, in terms of the reliability of knowledge about SMA and gene therapy with onasemnogen abeparvovec. We used a set of available online links found using the Newspointtool. Initially, 1525 texts were included in the study, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 112 texts were qualified for analysis using the DISCERN scale and the set of questions prepared by the authors. We observed that most of the texts had poor (48.65%) and medium (27.03%) reliability in the final reliability assessment. All the texts selected for the study were related to gene therapy, although few contained key information about it. In addition, the authors of the entries used various words and phrases that influenced the readers' perceptions of the text. Of the analyzed sources, 68.8% had an emotional component. Social media is a poor source of information about gene therapy for SMA in Poland. The analyzed texts do not provide a full and complete description of the SMA problem. However, it is important to remember that the Internet is a changing source of information and will hopefully contain more relevant entries in the future.

СТВОРЕННЯ ЦИФРОВОЇ МОДЕЛІ РЕЛЬЄФА ДНА

Scientific research considers the efficiency of digital technologies for processing hydrographic information. The form of presentation of data in a digital model and the type of technical data carrying, on which data are registered, focused on the goal of compact saving of the results of the capture and their transfer to different partners for the selection of their software and technical problems. Such an algorithm in every competitive situation, especially in conditions of a strongly divided bottom line, should have a property to find an appropriate equivalent between the detail of reflection of the relief in this scale, which provides the same status of peaks and falls and is a priority of the minimum depth, which is intended to ensure the safety of navigation. Information about navigational problems and the camp of depths in these areas can be seen on the appropriate navigational charts. But in the surrounding areas of the sea with a folding relief of the bottom, knowledge of only point-holes is not enough for the safe navigation of ships. A more detailed picture can be taken from the digital model of the bottom topography, in order to give a more accurate description, character and understanding of the bottom navigational problems. The development of a digital model is possible based on the results of hydrographic surveys. In this article, the theoretical and practical aspects of the research and the real picture of the bottom topography of the ship-floating water areas are considered. The effectiveness of digital technologies for processing hydrographic information is rich in what lies in the set organization of digital data. For the making of the digital relief model, a tree data structure was adopted. Keywords: digital model, hydrographic survey, hydroacoustic survey, seabed relief, sea navigation map, survey sea lines, software hydrographic survey.

Distance learning in universities of the Samara Region: results of situational reflection

The paper analyzes the state of distance learning in universities at the present stage of digitalization of society; conducts a theoretical analysis of publications on the problems of distance learning in universities of the Russian Federation, describes the results of a sociological study of students of Samara universities regarding organizational aspects and conditions of distance learning. The problems of distance learning are identified and the typological features of their classification in the authors edition are determined. A brief description of legal, psycho-emotional, physiological, organizational, technical and technological problems is given. As part of a practical study, the focus is on the organizational aspect of distance education. The practical component of the study was reflected in the conduct of a sociological survey of students of 15 courses of universities in the Samara region to identify certain aspects of their attitude to the organization of distance learning. The validity of the results of the study was ensured by the representativeness of the sample of respondents: the study involved students of different universities, areas and majors, courses, forms of education, which is confirmed by the statistical data of the results of the survey. The study has revealed an opinion of respondents in relation to the quality of distance learning, technological readiness of the subjects of the educational process for the implementation of distance learning, availability of objective conditions (in particular, logistics, functionality of the videoconferencing systems used, etc.). The paper presents quantitative indicators and analyzes the results of the study.

A Procedure for Constructing the Solution of a Nonlinear Fredholm Integro-Differential Equation of Second Order

In this work, a large class of integro-differential equations, arising from the description of heat transfer problems, is considered, particularly the nonlinear equations. We propose a procedure for constructing their solution in a very simple and reliable way in which the only needed tool is the same one employed to solve a linear second-order ordinary differential equation, subject to Robin boundary conditions. Proofs of the convergence, existence, and uniqueness are presented. Some special cases are simulated to illustrate the proposed tools.

Fractal hydrological-thermal–mechanical analysis of unconventional reservoir: A fracture-matrix structure model for gas extraction

The complex fracture-matrix structure of the unconventional reservoir will significantly affect the gas seepage, energy conduction and the extraction properties. A good understanding of the underlying mechanisms controlling such a process is essential for a clear description of the reservoir gas extraction problems. In this study, we propose a fractal dual-porosity permeability model through analytical derivation, and the fracture-matrix microstructural properties of the reservoir is characterized by the following structural parameters: (1) density of natural fractures (Df), (2) density of matrix pores (Dp), (3) maximum natural fracture length (lmax), and (4) maximum matrix pore radius (λmax). These structural parameters evolve with the effective stress through porosity under the combination of hydrological-thermal–mechanical interactions, reservoir deformation, fracture-matrix interactions, and gas adsorption-desorption effect. The results indicate that: (1) the fractal model proposed in this paper is capable of better characterizing the reservoir microstructure at the fracture-matrix scale compared with the homogeneous models (9.45 and 78.07% enhancement in permeability of the fracture system whilst 10.46% and 86.74% enhancement in permeability of the matrix system); (2) the effective stress due to the evolution of microstructure has a significant contribution to reservoir temperature and gas pressure; (3) adsorption-desorption and thermal expansion effects dominate the unconventional reservoir structure; (4) greater initial pressure causes clearer effect on the overall fracture-matrix structure. This study might shed light on the investigation of the gas seepage property and improve the recovery of the unconventional reservoir.

ЗАДАЧИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИМИ ПРОЦЕССАМИ

Obtaining a quality end product is the goal of any manufacturing process control. In the formal description of control problems, this goal allows us to form the boundary conditions for solving the control task. An additional condition for choosing a solution is to ensure the reliability of the process. The starting conditions for solving the control problem are the components of the vector of initial state parameters, determined by the degree of adjustment of the initial parameters and process modes. Understanding the initial and boundary conditions of existence allows us to formulate a generalized formal problem of process control, which consists in finding a vector of control variables that provide a minimum of error, taking into account the influence of a vector of random external variables. The problem is solved by the method of successive approximations. The stages of primary and secondary optimization in the construction of control algorithms are considered. The possibility of reducing the complexity of control tasks is shown by refusing to control individual components of the state vector and transforming control to ensure a minimum of the generalized error measure. In this formulation, the problem of process control can be reduced to the problem of process regulation. A process control scheme is presented. It considers the separability of error minimization for each component of the state vector. The assertions are illustrated by the example of the problem of managing a digital production site for performing the technological operation of etching printed circuit boards. This operation most fully reflects the initial provisions on the continuity of the procedures performed during its implementation and the degradation of the original state vector.

BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS, COPYWRITING AND CREATIVE CONTENT TRAINING FOR MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN TUBAN

Background: The problem faced by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Tegalagung Village, Semanding District, Tuban Regency is the lack of attractive product descriptions and information displayed on social media and marketplace platforms that they already have. In addition, MSMEs also find it difficult to determine the value proposition of the product so that it is difficult to differentiate themselves from their competitors and cannot compete in the market. MSMEs are also not right in determining their market segments, fostering poor relationships with customers and partners, and determining product distribution channels that are still wrong. Objective: This activity aims to provide solutions from problem descriptions and unattractive product information and product value identification by providing Copywriting and Creative Content and Business Model Canvas (BMC) training to make product descriptions and information more attractive so that consumers can make transactions. purchasing and Identifying and compiling 9 components of BMC. Methods: Participants were explained about the function of copywriting in making social media statuses more attractive, captions on Instagram, and interesting articles/content on the website. In addition, participants were explained about content marketing using AIDA theory, namely Attention, Interest, Desire and Action. Results: The participants gained increased knowledge and understanding in terms of preparing the Business Model Canvas and Creative Content and Copywriting for businesses. Conclusion: The community service program has obtained the expected results, namely MSME actors can identify and create their Business Model in the correct BMC format.

Reduced-density-matrix-based ab initio cavity quantum electrodynamics

A reduced-density-matrix (RDM)-based approach to {\em ab initio} cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) is developed. The expectation value of the Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian is expressed in terms of one- and two-body electronic and photonic RDMs, and the elements of these RDMs are optimized directly in polynomial time by semidefinite programming techniques, without knowledge of the full wave function. QED generalizations of important ensemble $N$-representability conditions are derived and enforced in this procedure. The resulting approach is applied to the description of classic ground-state strong electron correlation problems, augmented by the presence of ultrastrong light-matter coupling. First, we assess cavity-induced changes to the singlet-triplet energy gap of the linear oligoacene series; for a heptacene molecule, this gap can change by as much as 1.9 kcal mol$^{-1}$ (or 15\%) when the molecule is aligned along the cavity mode polarization axis. We also explore the metal-insulator transition in linear hydrogen chains and demonstrate that strong electron-photon interactions increase the insulating character of these systems under all coupling strengths considered.

Redesain Bangunan Teater Pertunjukan Taman Festival Bali Dengan Pendekatan Adaptive Reuse

Bali Festival Park is a tourist place that is very loved by the Balinese people and also tourists, both foreign tourists, and local tourists. This place presents a variety of rides and facilities that are quite complete for visitors to spend their free time. However, at this time the Bali Festival Park has begun to be abandoned by the public and tourists, this has made some buildings that can still be used physically abandoned. The building is an icon of the main building has a unique roof shape and also has an adequate area, besides that this building also still has a solid structure. The building that faces directly towards the sea also has its own added value, which is to offer a unique view of the beach. Currently, the world of work is very important in regional economic growth so it is very important to provide good and comfortable facilities for workers to increase their productivity so that the function of the Taman Festival Bali performance theater building becomes a Co-Working space using an adaptive approach. reuse will be a good choice because, in addition to being able to work together with various companies, employees can also indulge themselves with the scenery and existing facilities. This research itself aims to create a comfortable place for companies as a place to be able to provide peace for their employees and can share work experiences with other companies. The method used is descriptive qualitative through studies and descriptions of architectural problems and formulating solutions in the form of schematic designs. The results of this study are the elements of space that are presented in the form of floor plans, 3D Interior, and exterior.

5G Smart Classroom Construction Based on Linear System Mathematical Model

The mathematical model is to abstract the actual problem in mathematical language, and then reflect or approximate the mathematical description of the actual problem from the mathematical point of view. The whole process of establishing the mathematical model is called mathematical modeling. The article aims to discuss the function of mathematical modeling in the construction of smart classroom under 5G techniques. Relying on 5G technology to create a smart classroom based on holographic technology, which is used in schools to connect with famous teachers from all over the world to teach, teachers and students can participate in interactive teaching, improve the quality of teaching, and enhance the learning experience.

The number of neutral mutants in an expanding Luria-Delbrück population is approximately Fréchet.

Background: A growing population of cells accumulates mutations. A single mutation early in the growth process carries forward to all descendant cells, causing the final population to have a lot of mutant cells. When the first mutation happens later in growth, the final population typically has fewer mutants. The number of mutant cells in the final population follows the Luria-Delbrück distribution. The mathematical form of the distribution is known only from its probability generating function. For larger populations of cells, one typically uses computer simulations to estimate the distribution. Methods: This article searches for a simple approximation of the Luria-Delbrück distribution, with an explicit mathematical form that can be used easily in calculations. Results: The Fréchet distribution provides a good approximation for the Luria-Delbrück distribution for neutral mutations, which do not cause a growth rate change relative to the original cells. Conclusions: The Fréchet distribution apparently provides a good match through its description of extreme value problems for multiplicative processes such as exponential growth.

Rough analysis of computation trees

This paper deals with computation trees over an arbitrary structure consisting of a set along with collections of functions and predicates that are defined on it. It is devoted to the comparative analysis of three parameters of problems with n input variables over this structure: the complexity of a problem description, the minimum complexity of a computation tree solving this problem deterministically, and the minimum complexity of a computation tree solving this problem nondeterministically. Rough classification of relationships among these parameters is considered and all possible seven types of these relations are enumerated. The changes of relation types with the growth of the number n of input variables are studied.

Биомеханическая модель коррекции остеогенеза в швах черепа при несиндромальных посттравматических краниосиностозах у детей раннего возраста

The article offers a description of an urgent medical problem that has been actively considered for several years as an interdisciplinary problem. By considering the formation of non-syndromic craniosynostosis in young children as a version of disorder of the bone tissue modeling/remodeling process [3], the author describes methods of solving the problem of osteogenesis management in cranial sutures in young children. Their distinctive feature is that this problem is formulated and solved from the position of biomechanics as a problem of strain control over the entire body volume or a part of it only.

Day-ahead and intra-day optimal dispatching considering the observability and controllability of cyber–physical power grid

The transformation of the power supply structure to new energy on the generation side will change the traditional power balance regulation mode that relies on the generation side. The regulation of the demand side will become an important way of power regulation in the future. From the perspective of a cyber–physical system, this paper analyzed the controllability of power grid structure and based on the controllable structure, exemplify the power system dispatching to discuss the construction of power grid equipment controllability. Firstly, this paper established the description of the controllability problem of the cyber–physical power system. Secondly, it established the cyber–physical power system dispatching model and proposed the optimization dispatching method based on this model setting the economic efficiency as the objective function. The case studies analyzed the results of different kinds of power systems dispatching within the participation of the limited demand-side resources. The conclusion proposed that it is necessary to establish a hierarchical and multi-time scales cyber–physical power system based on the regulation objective.

Problem Description and a Study of Reinforcement Components to Produce Composite Hybrid Structures

Problem Description and a Study of Reinforcement Components to Produce Composite Hybrid Structures

Ray Optical Scattering From Uniform Reflective Cylindrical Metasurfaces Using Surface Susceptibility Tensors

A ray optical methodology based on the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) is proposed to model electromagnetic (EM) field scattering from curved metasurfaces (MSs). The problem addressed is the illumination of a purely reflective uniform cylindrical MS by a line source, models the surface with susceptibilities and employs a methodology previously used for cylinders coated in thin dielectric layers [Kim and Wang (1989)]. The approach is fundamentally based on a representation of the MS using the generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) which characterizes the surface in terms of susceptibility dyadics. An eigenfunction (EF) description of the MS problem is derived considering both tangential and normal surface susceptibilities, and used to develop a ray optics (RO) description of the scattered fields including the specular geometrical optical field, surface diffraction described by creeping waves and a transition region over the shadow boundary. The specification of the fields in the transition region is dependent on the evaluation of the Pekeris caret function integral and the method follows [Kim and Wang (1989)]. The proposed RO-GSTC model is then successfully demonstrated for a variety of cases and is independently verified using a rigorous EF solution (EF-GSTC) and full-wave Integral Equation method (IE-GSTC), over the entire domain from the deep lit to deep shadow.

Homogenization of discrete mesoscale model of concrete for coupled mass transport and mechanics by asymptotic expansion

Mass transport phenomenon in concrete structures is strongly coupled with their mechanical behavior. The first coupling fabric is the Biot's theory according to which fluid pressure interacts with solid stress state and volumetric deformation rate of the solid induces changes in fluid pressure. Another coupling mechanism emerges with cracks which serve as channels for the fluid to flow through them and provide volume for fluid storage. Especially the second coupling mechanism presents a challenge for numerical modeling as it requires detailed knowledge about cracking process. Discrete mesoscale mechanical models coupled with mass transport offer simple and robust way to solve the problem. On the other hand, however, they are computationally demanding. In order to reduce this computational burden, the present paper applies the asymptotic expansion homogenization technique to the coupled problem to deliver (i) continuous and homogeneous description of the macroscopic problem which can be easily solved by the finite element method, (ii) discrete and heterogeneous mesoscale problem in the periodic setup attached to each integration point of the macroscale along with (iii) equations providing communication between these two scales. The transient terms appear at the macroscale only, as well as the Biot's coupling terms. The coupling through cracking is treated at the mesoscale by changing conductivity of the conduit elements according to the mechanical solution, otherwise the two mesoscale steady state problems are decoupled and can be therefore solved in a sequence. This paper presents verification studies showing performance of the homogenized solution.