Probiotics In Animals Research Articles

Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Six Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strains

In this study, six bacterial strains were isolated from the sediment, probiotic fermentation products, and lake sediments, they were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens using genetic evolution analysis, which were named B3, B4, B5, XD3, YF6, and YF8. The comparison of the antibacterial activity, hemolytic activity, and antibiotic sensitivity of six Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains laid a foundation for the development and application of antimicrobial peptide products. A surface activity assay was used to determine the production of biosurfactants in six Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains. With Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as indicator bacteria, their antibacterial activity was determined using the agar diffusion method; the same diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The results showed that the six Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains had obvious biosurface activity, and the bacteria inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, from strong to weak: YF8, XD3, B3, B4, YF6, and B5. Strain YF8 had the best broad-spectrum bacteriostatic effect, followed by strain XD3. All Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains were susceptible to 16 common drugs, except for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain YF8, which was intermediate to neomycin. The study shows that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and secondary metabolites have the ability to produce a variety of active peptides, exert a certain inhibitory effect on common pathogens, and have the potential to develop as animal probiotics.

Probiotic Property and Antibacterial Activity Analysis of Sour Curd Derived Lactobacilli Isolates by in vitro Methods

There are massive bacteria in the curd, especially the lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which have been considered as probiotics in human and animals for a prolonged period. Probiotics have its importance in our daily life and native LAB are well known probiotics having antibacterial activity against potential pathogenic bacteria. Several authors from various regions all over the world have reported LAB to have been isolated from different fermented as well as non-fermented foods and beverages. The current study evaluated the probiotic potential LAB isolates from commercially available sour curd, Malda (West Bengal, India). A total of three types of sour curd (contained in plastic cup, plastic pouch and earthen pot) were tested and the commonest LAB isolates found in sour curd were Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus. Safety aspect of LAB isolates was screened using gelatinase and antibiotic susceptibility test. The commercially available sour curd-derived LAB isolates have been demonstrated as good probiotics which displayed excellent probiotic potentiality and antibacterial activity against both gram negative gam positive bacteria as well. Keywords: Probiotic bacteria, Antibacterial activity, Safety profile, Sour curd

Impact of Pediococcus acidilactici GLP06 supplementation on gut microbes and metabolites in adult beagles: a comparative analysis.

There is growing interest in the potential health benefits of probiotics for both humans and animals. The study aimed to investigate the effects of feeding the canine-derived probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici GLP06 to adult beagles by analysing the microbiome and metabolome. Twenty-four healthy adult beagles were randomly assigned to four groups. The CK group received a standard diet, while the three probiotic groups, the LG group (2 × 108 CFU/day/dog), MG group (2 × 109 CFU/day/dog), and HG group (2 × 1010 CFU/day/dog), received the standard diet supplemented with varying amounts of probiotics. The results show that, compared to the CK group, total antioxidant capacity was significantly increased in the MG and HG groups (p < 0.05), and superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly increased in the HG group (p < 0.05). Compared to the CK group, malondialdehyde and blood urea nitrogen content were significantly decreased in the MG and HG groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, secretory immunoglobulin A activity was significantly increased in the HG group compared to the CK and LG groups (p < 0.05), and immunoglobulin G activity was significantly increased in the HG group compared to the CK, LG, and MG groups (p < 0.05). In addition, compared with the CK group, the abundance of Faecalitalea and Collinsella increased in the LG group, and the relative abundance of Tyzzerella and Parasutterella increased in the MG group. The α diversity and the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria (Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A1316, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005) were higher in the HG group than in the CK group. Furthermore, acetic acid content was significantly increased in the HG group compared to the CK, LG, and MG groups (p < 0.05). Butyric acid, isobutyric acid, and the total SCFA content were significantly increased in the HG group compared to the CK group (p < 0.05). Moreover, metabolome analysis revealed 111 upregulated and 171 downregulated metabolites in the HG group. In conclusion, this study presents evidence that supplementing with P. acidilactici GLP06 can have a positive impact on antioxidant activity, immunoproteins, SCFAs, and gut microbiota in adult beagles. These findings highlight the potential of probiotics as a dietary intervention to enhance gut health and overall wellbeing in companion animals.

Isolation and Characterization of Soil Probiotic Bacteria in Cauvery River Basin and their Application in Aquaculture

Research on probiotics for aquatic animals is growing along with the demand for environmentally friendly aquaculture. Probiotics have been defined as live microbial supplements that improve the health of humans and terrestrial animals [1]. The micro biota in the digestive tract of fish and crustaceans is particularly dependent on the external environment due to the flow of water through the digestive tract. The need to increase disease resistance, growth of aquatic organisms and feed efficiency has led to the use of probiotics in aquaculture. In recent years, the use of probiotics in aquaculture has begun to increase [2]. There is documented evidence that probiotics can improve nutrient digestibility, increase stress tolerance and promote reproduction. Unlike previous publications, this study focuses on the role of soil probiotic bacteria isolated from the Cauvery basin in Tiruchirapalli district. Isolated microorganisms - Nitrosococcus and Neisseria were tested for their special role in aquaculture, mainly in tilapia fish (Oreochromis sp.). This study also improves the bioremediation capacity of the isolated soil bacteria, which was demonstrated by testing the water quality parameters of the probiotic used. water environment Fish growth and mortality were also measured. It was clearly observed that the use of an isolated soil probiotic from a cave river basin promoted the longevity of tilapia fish. Thus, the cultivation and use of soil probiotic bacteria in aquaculture is a promising approach in modern science.

Human and animal intestinal commensals and probiotics vs modern challenges of biosafety: problems and prospects.

The appearance of an array of data on the study of the intestinal microbiota in Metazoa has significantly expanded our understanding of the role of commensals in the control of a wide range of physiological functions in higher organisms in norm and pathology. In the intestine, where the microbial load significantly exceeds the number of microorganisms of other ecosystems, the components of the intestinal microbiota are a constant source of stimuli that induce activation of the host immune system. The introduction into practice of biomedical research of innovative high-resolution methods, includingmulti-omics technologies, has brought data that change our understanding of intestinal commensals, including probiotics with GRAS status, widely used in medicine, agriculture and biotechnology. The ability of these bacteria to induce negative processes in the host body that are beneficial for bacterial proliferation and expansion revealed a clear lack of our knowledge about the logic of their life and the mechanisms of interaction with eukaryotic cells. This determines the urgent need for comprehensive research of probiotics and the development of standardization of their safety assessment. Apriori's confidence in the exceptional benefit of the bacteria widely used in medicine, agriculture and biotechnology has determined the seriously omission in our control system today - the lack of standardization of studies for the safety assessment of bacteria with GRAS status . The moment has come when it became clear that this gap should be promptly filled and that only exact understanding the molecular base of interacting the microbes with eukaryotic cells can provide the foundation for effective practical developments in controlling the evolution of bacterial virulence and probiotic safety strategy, as well as the competent use of genetic technologies for monitoring the environment and managing infectious processes, thus avoiding the dramatic consequences of large-scale interventions in the micro and macro worlds.

Tracing probiotic producing bacterial species from gut of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), South-East-Asia.

Due to extensive application of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed, antimicrobial resistance has been increased. To overcome this challenge, rumen microbiologists search for new probiotics to improve the rate of livestock production. The present study was aimed to isolate and evaluate breed-specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as potential animal probiotics. The current study was conducted during 10 months from July 2020 to April 2021, in which a total of n=12 strains were isolated from different samples including milk, rumen, and feces of Nilli Ravi Buffaloes. These isolates were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against common animal pathogens (Bacillus spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp.). All the isolates were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the phylogenetic analyses inferred that these strains showed close relations to the species of various genera; Enterococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Bacillus subtilis Weissella cibaria, Weissella soli, Bacillus tequilensis, Weissella bombi, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus ruminis, and Lactococcus lactis. NMCC-Ru2 has exhibited the enormous potential of antimicrobial activity, 28 mm, for Salmonella typhimurium;23 mm for Listeria monocytogenes 21 mm for E.coil. Highest resistance was seen in NMCC-Ru2 agasint test antbiotic, like 25.5 mm for Tetracycline. Overall results revesl that the probiotic profile of isolates was achieved using standard criteria, particularly with animal probiotic properties.

Bacterial diversity of stingless bee honey in Yunnan, China: isolation and genome sequencing of a novel acid-resistant Lactobacillus pentosus (SYBC-MI) with probiotic and L. tryptophan producing potential via millet fermentation.

Stingless bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae, and Trigona) honey is a remarkable "miracle liquid" with a wide range of medical benefits for conditions including gastroenteritis, cataracts, and wound healing. Our study aimed to isolate, identify, and characterize acid-resistant Lactobacillus spp. from sour honey distributed in Yunnan, China. To assess the safety of an entirely novel Lactobacillus pentosus strain, S4 (OM618128), based on probiotic property evaluation and whole-genome sequencing analysis. A 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that Lactobacillus was abundant at the genus level in sour honey. Seven Lactobacillus strains (viz. S1-7) were isolated from sour honey using a multiple-anaerobic culture enrichment method. One potential acid-resistant isolate, Lactobacillus sp. S4, was obtained after screening the seven Lactobacillus isolates, and it had the highest lactic acid production (17.62g/L), followed by Lactobacillus sp. S3 (17.07g/L). Phylogenetic and comparative analyses of conserved sequence regions have shown that all seven strains are phylogenetically located in the Lactobacillus pentosus sub-cluster. In L. pentosus SYBC-MI, there is a circular chromosome (3288615 bps) and 11,466 bps plasmids. GC content is 44.03%. The number of predicted genes is 3,129, with 16 rRNAs and 74 tRNAs present. During the fermentation of foxtail millet by seven Lactobacillus pentosus (S1-7) strains isolated from sour honey, a potential tryptophan accumulating isolate, Lactobacillus pentosus S4, was obtained, which could reach a maximum tryptophan content of 238.43mgL-1 that is 1.80 times the initial tryptophan content in the fermentation broth. This strain has strong acid tolerance, salt tolerance, and fermentation acid production abilities. This strain degrades nitrite at a rate of over 99%, and it has high probiotic potential as well. This project has established a solid foundation for further exploring the excellent lactic acid bacteria in sour honey. It is also investigating the key taxa and their role in the environment. According to the results of our studies, these LAB isolates provide a lot of potential for use in the future, as a source of probiotics for human, animals, and starter cultures for food applications.

Microencapsulated Lactobacillus lactis against Salmonella typhimurium, its viability under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and cell adhesion

There is significant evidence of the positive health impacts of probiotics in humans and animals, which is why their application has potentially increased in recent years, especially in the food and pharmaceutical industry. In this context, their inhibitory potential has also been explored as a strategy to ensure food safety and biocontrol of pathogens relevant to public health. The objective of the research was to determine the inhibitory effect of microencapsulated Lactobacillus lactis on Salmonella typhimurium and its viability under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. To characterize the lactic strain, a preliminary experimentation was carried out, and based on this information, four inhibition methods were proposed, with different concentrations of the probiotic bacterial supernatant, then the lactic strain was subjected to simulated gastrointestinal conditions, with different pH levels and % of bile and bile salts, and finally the in vitro adhesion assay was performed. Inhibition halos greater than 2 mm (PADS) were found, optimal viability values were observed (3.0x108UFC/mL), adhesion capacity of the strain in cell cultures was evidenced.

PSV-21 Evaluation of the Effect of Daily Probiotic Administration on the Prevalence of Shiga Toxigenic E.Coli and Select Serum and Immune Parameters During Pre and Peri-Weaning Period in Goat Kids

Abstract Probiotics are microorganisms generally regarded as safe (GRAS) that have a beneficial effect when ingested by a host. While research on the benefits of probiotics in farm animals has mainly concentrated on major livestock species, little is documented on potential benefits in small ruminants. Probiotics in goats and sheep could offer a dual benefit of reducing pathogenic bacteria loads and resulting in improved immunity and overall health. In this study, we evaluated the effect of one-month daily commercial probiotic administration followed by weekly administration until weaning and daily administration for one week after weaning on select serum parameters, and also the prevalence of pathogenic E.coli in healthy pre-weaned goat kids beginning at two days of age. Overall, the general health of the animals in both groups remained the same throughout the study period. No significant difference in total lactic acid bacteria was detected between probiotic supplemented and control group. Probiotic administration generally improved the total serum protein and immune markers. The difference was significant after twenty-eight days of administration and two days after weaning for total serum protein and immune markers, respectively. Shiga toxin E.coli (STEC) was detected in both control and probiotic-treated goats in early life, but no significant differences were detected between treatment groups on prevalence. These results suggest that daily probiotic administration may have some health benefits in pre-weaned goats.

Draft whole-genome sequences of Bacillus strains of potential probiotic for poultry.

Bacillus species have been widely selected and used as probiotics for humans and animals. In this article, we reported draft whole-genome sequences of four Bacillus strains isolated from sourdough and chicken cecum and previously selected as potential probiotics for poultry. These genome sequences will provide a foundation for further characterization and understanding of their probiotic attributes.

Genetic diversity and some biological characteristics of antibacterial yeasts isolated from natural honey and beeswax in Son La province

Yeast living in honey, an environment with high sugar content (up to 70 %, w/v), normally shows good resistance to the high level of osmotic pressure; they are of high potential for application in many fields. There were not many studies on the genetic diversity and biological characteristics of yeast from honey in Vietnam. This study aims to (1) evaluate the genetic diversity of antibacterial yeast isolated from natural honey and beeswax in Son La province by RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and (2) study some biological characteristics of them. The research results may contribute to the scientific basis for screening yeast strains applied in different fields such as bioethanol and probiotic production. Sixty-eight yeast strains were isolated from natural honey and beeswax collected in Son La. Among them, twenty-one strains showed antibacterial activity against at least a tested bacterium including Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Serratia marcescens. These yeast strains were genetically distinct in the RAPD analysis using M13 and (GTG)5 primers. Evaluation of yeast growing in the medium containing high glucose concentration (30 - 40 %, w/v) or high ethanol concentration (5 - 10 %, v/v) has shown some yeast strains that can tolerate high osmotic pressure and high ethanol concentration for different applications. YC.8 and YC.61 strains exhibited relatively good survival rates in two phases of digestion and have a wide pH range (2 - 7). YC.8 strain expressed the most potential for human or animal probiotics.

Probiotics and Postbiotics as an Alternative to Antibiotics: An Emphasis on Pigs.

Probiotics are being used as feed/food supplements as an alternative to antibiotics. It has been demonstrated that probiotics provide several health benefits, including preventing diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, and immunomodulation. Alongside probiotic bacteria-fermented foods, the different structural components, such as lipoteichoic acids, teichoic acids, peptidoglycans, and surface-layer proteins, offer several advantages. Probiotics can produce different antimicrobial components, enzymes, peptides, vitamins, and exopolysaccharides. Besides live probiotics, there has been growing interest in consuming inactivated probiotics in farm animals, including pigs. Several reports have shown that live and killed probiotics can boost immunity, modulate intestinal microbiota, improve feed efficiency and growth performance, and decrease the incidence of diarrhea, positioning them as an interesting strategy as a potential feed supplement for pigs. Therefore, effective selection and approach to the use of probiotics might provide essential features of using probiotics as an important functional feed for pigs. This review aimed to systematically investigate the potential effects of lactic acid bacteria in their live and inactivated forms on pigs.

Characterization and selection of probiotic lactic acid bacteria from different dietary sources for development of functional foods.

Dietary sources have an abundance of bacteria, mainly lactic acid bacteria (LABs), which have long been regarded as probiotics in humans and animals. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used as probiotic agents due to their ability to produce a variety of beneficial compounds for cultivars and their status as safe microorganisms. In this current study, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from several dietary sources such as curd, pickle, milk, and wheat dough. The principal focus of this study was to determine the survivability of these microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract and to use promising strains to create probiotic drinks with numerous health benefits. The isolates were identified using a combination of morphological, biochemical, molecular and sugar fermentation patterns, like phenotypic characteristics, sugar fermentation, MR-VP reaction, catalase test, urease test, oxidase test, H2S production, NH3 production synthesis from arginine, citrate utilization, indole test, and 16s rRNA sequencing. Two (CM1 and OS1) of the 60 isolates obtained showed the best probiotic results and were identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus CM1 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii OS1. These organism sequences were submitted to Gen bank with accession numbers OP811266.1 and OP824643.1, respectively. The acid tolerance test results indicated that most strains could survive significantly in an acidic environment with pH levels of 2 and 3. Similarly, the salt tolerance test results showed that both Lactobacillus acidophilus CM1 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii OS1 could survive at 4 and 6% NaCl levels significantly. The isolates also showed their ability to ferment sugars such as lactose xylose, glucose, sucrose, and fructose. In conclusion, the study showed that the bacteria isolated from different food sources were indeed probiotic lactic acid bacteria and had probiotic properties. These isolates hold potential for future research in the formulation of millet-based probiotic beverages. However, further studies are required to confirm their effectiveness and safety in improving human health. This research provides a foundation for developing functional foods and drinks that can positively affect human health by incorporating probiotic microorganism.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of Lactiplantibacillus plantarumDSM 11520 for horses, dogs, cats and pet rabbits (Animal Probiotics Sweden AB).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSM 11520 when used as a technological additive (acidity regulator) in feed for horses, dogs, cats and pet rabbits. The additive is intended to be incorporated into oat-derived products (ca. 55% moisture content), carrot root-derived products (≥ 90% moisture) and coconut flesh-derived products (≥ 90% moisture) at a minimum inclusion level of 8.0 × 1010 CFU/kg of the feed material under scope. The bacterial species L. plantarum is considered by EFSA to be suitable for the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach to safety assessment. The identity of the strain has been clearly established and it did not show acquired resistance to antibiotics of human and veterinary importance. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that the use of this strain in animal nutrition is safe for the target species, consumers of horse meat and the environment. Regarding the user safety, the additive Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSM 11520 is not irritant to skin or eyes in the product tested containing maltodextrin and oat bran as carriers, but owing to its proteinaceous nature, it should be considered a respiratory sensitiser. No conclusions can be drawn on the skin sensitisation potential of the additive. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that incorporation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSM 11520 at a minimum concentration of 8.0 × 1010 CFU/kg into oat-derived products (ca. 55% moisture content), carrot root-derived products (≥ 90% moisture) and coconut flesh-derived products (≥ 90% moisture) has the potential to reduce the pH of these feedingstuffs.

The role of probiotics in animal nutrition and health

The purpose of this review article is to discuss the role of probiotics in animal nutrition and health. In the last 15 years, probiotics have become increasingly popular in many animal production systems. Inadequate scientifically-based, all-encompassing, and unified data on the effects of probiotics in monogastric and ruminant animals prompted the current review. Feed supplements containing live microorganisms, known as probiotics, are shown to improve intestinal balance and overall health when given on a consistent and adequate schedule. Probiotics are a type of live microorganism that can be added to animal feed to help improve the health and productivity of cattle by balancing the microbes in the animals' digestive systems. This article summarizes the literature on the effects of yeast and bacterial probiotics on the gut microbiome of ruminants and monogastric animals and the implications of these findings for animal nutrition and health. Lastly, the positive effects of probiotics are outlined, including increased animal growth, decreased mortality, and enhanced feed conversion efficiency.

Techno-functional characterization of fecal lactobacilli isolates of Bos indicus calves for probiotic properties.

In this study, 105 bacterial colonies were isolated from the feces of newborn healthy Bos indicus calves and 37 isolates were confirmed using morphological, biochemical tests, and genus-specific PCR as lactobacilli. 11 isolates were then short-listed for in vitro probiotic testing based on their ability to dwell under acid and bile stress. Species-level identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that they were Ligilactobacillus salivarius. These isolates flourished in 0.4% phenol, depicting resistance in adverse conditions encountered in the gastrointestinal tract. The results of cell surface hydrophobicity were found to be 74.50% for RBL12 and 62.62% for RBL09 in hexadecane and xylene, respectively, and that of auto-aggregation was highest in RBL26 (58.92%). These isolates also produced digestive enzymes like amylase, protease, and β-galactosidase. Further assays reiterated their antimicrobial and coaggregation potential against diarrhea-causing pathogens like Escherichia coli ATCC-25922 and Salmonella arizonae ATCC-13314. Biosafety assessment revealed that none of the tested isolates were hemolytic and mucinolytic in nature. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of the isolates was also confirmed using 1,1‑diphenyl‑2‑picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Along with efficient utilization of inulin, isolates showed promising adhesion ability to the HT-29 cell line. The current findings hence conclude that these Lactobacillus isolates can be exploited as animal probiotics for potentialapplication in young calves to foster gut health and immunity.

A Limited Effect of Chronic Renal Insufficiency on the Colon Microbiome.

A Limited Effect of Chronic Renal Insufficiency on the Colon Microbiome.

Beneficial Implementation of Probiotics in Farm Animals and Poultry Husbandry

Probiotics have become highly realized as additives for livestock because of their beneficial impacts on health and well-being. The current article aims to provide knowledge about the potential probiotic microbial strains referred to their relation to animal health. Lactic acid bacteria are the most regularly used microorganisms as probiotics, "besides other microbiota including certain fungi" which can be obtained from human, animal, plant, and environment. Not all microbiota be a good probiotic but there are main selection criteria for any potential probiotic microorganism. Nowadays, probiotics are used on large scale as growth promoters and productivity enhancers in both poultry and farm animals. Finally, the promising probiotic must achieve the safety status for humans or animals and lack of antibiotic resistance genes transfer.

Antimicrobial activity of dominant Ligilactobacillus animalis strains in healthy canine feces and their probiotic potential.

The number of companion animals living with humans has continually increased over the last few decades, and so has the interest of owners and stakeholders in the animal food and probiotics industry. Currently, the probiotic bacteria added to the feed of companion animals predominantly originate from the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used for humans; however, there are differences between the microbiota of humans and that of their companion animals. This study aimed to determine the dominant LAB in dog feces and investigate their functional properties. Ligilactobacillus animalis (formerly called Lactobacillus animalis) was identified as the dominant lactic acid bacterium in dog feces. It displayed various inhibitory effects against pathogenic and enteropathogenic bacteria. This finding suggests that Ligilactobacillus animalis can potentially be used in novel probiotics or as a food additive for dogs.

The Potential Efficiency of Lactobacillus farraginis Isolated from Ruminants With a View to be used as Animal Probiotics

The Potential Efficiency of Lactobacillus farraginis Isolated from Ruminants With a View to be used as Animal Probiotics