Abstract
Due to extensive application of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed, antimicrobial resistance has been increased. To overcome this challenge, rumen microbiologists search for new probiotics to improve the rate of livestock production. The present study was aimed to isolate and evaluate breed-specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as potential animal probiotics. The current study was conducted during 10 months from July 2020 to April 2021, in which a total of n=12 strains were isolated from different samples including milk, rumen, and feces of Nilli Ravi Buffaloes. These isolates were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against common animal pathogens (Bacillus spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp.). All the isolates were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the phylogenetic analyses inferred that these strains showed close relations to the species of various genera; Enterococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Bacillus subtilis Weissella cibaria, Weissella soli, Bacillus tequilensis, Weissella bombi, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus ruminis, and Lactococcus lactis. NMCC-Ru2 has exhibited the enormous potential of antimicrobial activity, 28 mm, for Salmonella typhimurium;23 mm for Listeria monocytogenes 21 mm for E.coil. Highest resistance was seen in NMCC-Ru2 agasint test antbiotic, like 25.5 mm for Tetracycline. Overall results revesl that the probiotic profile of isolates was achieved using standard criteria, particularly with animal probiotic properties.
Highlights
IntroductionIn Pakistan, 23.2% of the GDP (gross domestic product) is earned by agriculture, considered as a principal sector of the economy
In Pakistan, 23.2% of the GDP is earned by agriculture, considered as a principal sector of the economy
Its milk are a rich source for the isolation of the unique probiotic strains.Nilli Ravi Buffalo is the black gold of Pakistan
Summary
In Pakistan, 23.2% of the GDP (gross domestic product) is earned by agriculture, considered as a principal sector of the economy. Livestock (a foremost sub-sector of agriculture) plays a vital role in improving the quality of food and enhancing the export earnings that make our economy strong. Still per animal production, income and social condition of animal breeder are unsatisfactory. Due to all these reasons, some public health issues such as malnutrition, etc arise; (Casewell et al, 2003). Animal growth promoters are used to avoid these challenges as well as to enhance animal production. It is recommended to improve microbial balance in GIT by the application of microbial growth promoters (probiotics) (Dowarah et al, 2017)
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