Proactive Behavior Research Articles

Drawing Team Members Together: Intersection of Socialization Tactics and Proactivity With Cohesion.

The effects of having new individuals join a team introduce competitive and cooperative actions that are challenging to groups. Employing socialization tactics that provide tailored role information and cultivate opportunities for social connection is positively related to perceptions of cohesion. However, the socialization process likely relies on the specific actions undertaken by members of the group on their own behalf (i.e.,proactivity behaviors). The purpose of the present study was to examine how individual proactive behaviors interact with the group's socialization tactics to predict group cohesion. Athletes' (N = 398) responses to surveys were analyzed via polynomial regressions and response surface analyses to examine the independent and interactive effects of the predictor variables on cohesion. The results pointed to the importance of employing socialization tactics that can work in tandem with proactive behaviors, such that both approaches contributed uniquely to the integration of new and existing members on sport teams.

Policy Implementation Process in the Management of Tanjungpinang City Waste Bank to Realize the Blue Economy

This research aims to analyze the implementation process of waste bank management policies in Tanjungpinang City by utilizing secondary data and triangulation analysis, based on Edward III’s policy implementation theory. The research method is qualitative, relying on secondary data collected from government reports, academic publications, policy documents, and statistical data. Triangulation is used to cross-verify the information, aligning it with Edward III’s theory, which includes four critical variables: bureaucratic structure, implementer disposition, resources, and communication. This approach allows for a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing the effectiveness of policy implementation for waste management. The study identifies that efficiency and transparency in the bureaucratic structure, along with proactive behavior among implementers, are crucial for the success of the waste bank program. However, challenges such as a lack of public awareness and insufficient funding persist. The findings suggest that improving the competency of implementers, providing adequate infrastructure support, and enhancing communication between the government and the community are essential steps to overcoming these barriers. Therefore, this study not only provides an analysis of the current state but also offers practical recommendations to inform future policy adjustments and improve the waste management system in Tanjungpinang.

Assessing organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in ensuring the smoothness of the supply chain for medical hospital needs towards a green hospital: Evidence from Indonesia

This research examined the relationships between Organizational Commitment, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), the Supply Chain, and Green Hospital practices in a healthcare setting. A cross-sectional study was conducted using self-reported data from healthcare employees. Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the relationships and mediation effects. The study confirmed that Organizational Commitment positively impacts the Supply Chain and Green Hospital practices. Similarly, Organizational Citizenship Behavior significantly influences the Supply Chain and Green Hospital initiatives. The Supply Chain was found to have a positive impact on Green Hospital practices and served as a mediator in the relationships between Organizational Commitment and Green Hospital and Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Green Hospital. The research provides valuable insights for healthcare organizations seeking to enhance their sustainability efforts. Fostering Organizational Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among employees can contribute to more efficient supply chain operations and environmentally responsible practices. The study underscores the crucial role of supply chain management in translating commitment and proactive behaviors into tangible sustainability initiatives. The research is context-specific, and using self-reported data and a cross-sectional design may limit generalizability. Future studies should explore these relationships in diverse settings and consider longitudinal or mixed-method approaches.

Design Knowledge for Virtual Learning Companions from a Value-centered Perspective

The increasing popularity of conversational agents such as ChatGPT has sparked interest in their potential use in educational contexts but undermines the role of companionship in learning with these tools. Our study targets the design of virtual learning companions (VLCs), focusing on bonding relationships for collaborative learning while facilitating students’ time management and motivation. We draw upon design science research (DSR) to derive prescriptive design knowledge for VLCs as the core of our contribution. Through three DSR cycles, we conducted interviews with working students and experts, held interdisciplinary workshops with the target group, designed and evaluated two conceptual prototypes, and fully coded a VLC instantiation, which we tested with students in class. Our approach has yielded 9 design principles, 28 meta-requirements, and 33 design features centered around the value-in-interaction. These encompass Human-likeness and Dialogue Management, Proactive and Reactive Behavior, and Relationship Building on the Relationship Layer (DP1,3,4), Adaptation (DP2) on the Matching Layer, as well as Provision of Supportive Content, Fostering Learning Competencies, Motivational Environment, and Ethical Responsibility (DP5-8) on the Service Layer.

The Relationship Between Proactive Personality Traits and Care Behaviors of Nursing Students in the Pandemic Process

The Relationship Between Proactive Personality Traits and Care Behaviors of Nursing Students in the Pandemic Process

The Influence of Collective Nostalgia on Intragroup Proactive Behavior: The Mediating Role of Collective Self-esteem

The Influence of Collective Nostalgia on Intragroup Proactive Behavior: The Mediating Role of Collective Self-esteem

Perceptions of Flood Risks among Users of Hells Gate National Park, Nakuru County, Kenya for Enhanced Disaster Preparedness and Management

Flooding is a significant natural hazard, particularly in regions like Hell’s Gate National Park in Nakuru County, Kenya, where the park’s steep gorges and proximity to water bodies heighten flood risks during rainy seasons. This study investigates the perceptions of flood risk among park users, emphasizing the importance of awareness and preparedness in flood management strategies. Utilizing a descriptive research design, data were collected from 125 respondents, including 112 park users and key informants from relevant institutions. The results indicate that while 98.2% of park users are aware of flooding, only 20.5% have directly experienced a flood event within the park. The study reveals significant preparedness gaps, with only 36.6% of respondents aware of evacuation routes and 59.8% knowledgeable about designated safe areas. Furthermore, 74.1% of participants expressed concerns about the reliability of current warning systems. The study emphasizes the importance of targeted educational campaigns to address these gaps, focusing on the severe consequences of flooding, such as potential loss of life and environmental damage, to enhance risk perception and motivate proactive behaviour. The findings suggest that improving communication systems, increasing awareness of evacuation procedures, and fostering community engagement are crucial steps toward bolstering flood preparedness and resilience among park users. The research contributes valuable insights into the broader understanding of disaster management in recreational areas, with implications for similar settings globally.

The Effect of Proactive Behavior on Competence Improvement in a Workplace through Reflection: A Focus on Young Workers in the 20s

The Effect of Proactive Behavior on Competence Improvement in a Workplace through Reflection: A Focus on Young Workers in the 20s

Research on the Influence of Leader Humor on the Proactive Behavior of Post-90s Employees—The Mediating Effect of Positive Emotions and the Moderating Effect of Leader-Member Exchange

Research on the Influence of Leader Humor on the Proactive Behavior of Post-90s Employees—The Mediating Effect of Positive Emotions and the Moderating Effect of Leader-Member Exchange

임파워링 리더십이 사회적 태만에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of Proactive Career Behavior and moderated mediating effect of Positive Psychological Capital in the relationship between Empowering Leadership and Social Loafing. 420 valid questionnaires collected from employees working in domestic companies with employees were analyzed using SPSS PROCESS macro. As a result of the study, first, it was found that the direct effect of empowering leadership on social loafing was significant; second, empowering leadership affected proactive career behavior positively; third, proactive career behavior affected social loafing positively; forth, empowering leadership was found to have a positive impact on social loafing through the mediator of proactive career behavior; fifth, empowering leadership on social loafing via the mediator of proactive career behavior was moderated by a positive psychological capital. Theoretical and practical implications for the research results were discussed., and suggestions were made for future research.

Design for Global Challenges

The current emergencies such as climate change and sustainable development, are outlining the responsibility we have as researchers and designers to transform disruptive technologies into action/reaction tools able to address and overcome the nowadays challenges. From this perspective, as designers, we indeed believe that the key to change lies in human behavior, and thus precisely in this direction design can impact using disruptive technologies in raising awareness by resulting into behavioral change. Specifically, this paper aims to encompass how advanced technologies such as Data Visualization and Immersive Realities can cooperate in order to activate proactive behaviors in contemporary society through a careful analysis of opportunities and limitations. On the one hand, Data Visualization has always been used as a tool for analyzing and communicating emergencies (Snow, Nightingale, etc.), on the other hand, immersive realities are more recently beginning to explore this field. It is indeed at the meeting point between technology and Human Interface that the biggest gaps emerge, sometimes making the deployment of these technologies fail, due to sensory, sociological, psychological, and cognitive limitations. Have we ever wondered, for example, whether the rules of Gestalt and Bertin's theories, belonging to the first half of the 1900s, are sufficient today in making effective Data Visualization? Are we relying too much on the "astonishing" effect of immersive realities, paying more attention to their use rather than to the conveyance of the content? This paper attempts to critically analyze – in a multidisciplinary way and through a historical analysis, case studies, and personal experimentation – the use of disruptive technologies, such as XR and Data Visualization, trying to clarify their limits, potentialities, and plausible common application fields. The objective of the study is in fact related to the determination of possible theoretical and practical approaches for the development of validation tests regarding the use of disruptive technologies and their relationship with the Human Interface.

Exploring reactive and proactive green workplace behavior

The article addresses the topic of supporting businesses in transitioning to green practices. It focuses primarily on green workplace behavior, which refers to the adoption of environmentally friendly practices by both managers and employees, being the evidence of the development of their green competences. The aim of the study is to identify and categorize green behavior of managers and employees according to the degree to which it is initiated and caused by them. The theoretical background is proved through the empirical investigation conducted via individual interviews with managers. The study's findings enabled the differentiation of green workplace behavior into two distinct categories - reactive green behaviour (RGB) and proactive green behaviour (PGB) - and the elucidation of their significance for business entities. The research enhances the current knowledge by presenting an innovative classification system that distinguishes between RGB and PGB. Furthermore, it facilitates the grasp of PGB as an essential component required for achieving the desired results in an organization's green transformation, while also offering valuable managerial insights.

Correction: The impact of psychological empowerment on innovative work behavior: a moderated mediation model of informal learning and proactive behavior

Correction: The impact of psychological empowerment on innovative work behavior: a moderated mediation model of informal learning and proactive behavior

Increasing Proactive Work Behavior Among Teachers in Islamic Senior High School: The Role of Ethical Work Climate and Perceived Organizational Support

Educational institutions, such as Islamic high schools, face challenges in managing teacher performance, particularly in promoting proactive behavior. This study aims to explore the impact of an ethical work climate characterized by principles of caring, instrumental independence, service, rules, and codes, as well as perceived organizational support (POS), on teachers' proactive behavior in Islamic senior high schools. The study includes a one-month convenience sampling period, with 104 teachers from Medan, North Sumatra, participating as respondents. Primary data was collected through the perceptions of the respondents and analyzed using a PLS-based SEM. Findings highlight that an ethical work climate has a greater influence on teachers' proactive behavior compared to POS. While perceived organizational support remains important, the unique cultural and religious context of Islamic schools may elevate the significance of an ethical work climate. Teachers may perceive ethical guidelines and values as integral to their role and mission within the Islamic educational setting, leading to a more profound impact on their proactive engagement compared to the general perception of organizational support. The study concludes that the ethical work climate in Islamic senior high schools plays a crucial role in influencing teachers' proactive behavior, emphasizing the importance of fostering and maintaining an ethical work environment to support teachers in their professional endeavors.

Facilitation or inhibition? research on the double-edged sword effect of peer abusive supervision on bystander proactive behavior

PurposeBased on the Cognitive Appraisal Theory of Stress, this study aims to reveal the mechanism of peer abusive supervision on bystander proactive behavior through two different paths: bystander assertive impression management motivation and bystander defensive impression management motivation. Besides, the moderating effects of bystander uncertainty tolerance on the two paths are also explored.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, 438 employees and their direct leaders from eight Chinese companies were surveyed in a paired survey at three time points, and the empirical data was analyzed using Mplus 7.4 software.FindingsPeer abusive supervision leads bystanders to develop assertive impression management motivation and, thus, to exhibit more proactive behaviors. At the same time, peer abusive supervision also causes bystanders to develop defensive impression management motivation, which reduces the frequency of performing proactive behaviors. In addition, this study finds that bystander uncertainty tolerance plays a moderating role in influencing bystander assertive impression management motivation and bystander defensive impression management motivation in response to peer abusive supervision.Originality/valueStarting from the bystander perspective, this study verifies the double-edged sword effect of peer abusive supervision on bystander proactive behavior as well as the mechanism of differentiated effects through cognitive appraisal, which broadens the scope of the research on abusive supervision, and deepens the academic understanding and development of the Cognitive Appraisal Theory of Stress. At the same time, it also provides new ideas for organizations to reduce the negative effects of workplace abusive behavior.

Proactive leadership and its relationship to managing the organizational error of the Iraqi Handball Federation from the point of view of the clubs participating in the Iraqi Elite League for the season 2023-2024

This research seeks to study the role of proactive leadership as an essential element that helps all federations that lead the wheel of sports, including the Iraqi Handball Federation, so that it builds a correct environment that helps manage the organizational errors that the Handball Federation may fall into, and this in turn helps in early detection of errors and obstacles that may occur. It is likely that the Federation will fall into the process of managing and organizing the Iraqi Handball League, in addition to increasing the clubs’ ability to assist the Iraqi Handball Federation by being proactive so as not to make mistakes. The research community included the administrative bodies of the clubs participating in the Iraqi Elite Handball League. They are (the club’s representatives in the Union - the team supervisor - coaches - administrators) and their number is (90), for the season (2023-2024) and their number is 15 clubs: the police, the army, the Popular Mobilization Forces, Diyala, the municipality of Basra, Kufa, Al-Taawoun, Karbala, Kut, Al-Musayyab, the Arabian Gulf, Al-Karkh, Al-Fatwa, Naft Maysan, and Nasiriyah. The exploratory sample was (10), the construction sample was (80), and the application sample was (90) people. The researcher concluded that there is a positive relationship between proactive leadership and organizational error management for the Iraqi Handball Federation. The results also indicate the availability of proactive leadership in the Iraqi Handball Federation to a moderate degree. Therefore, the researcher recommends activating the effect of proactive leadership on managing organizational error through union members acquiring proactive leadership behavior because it bears fruit. Accordingly, it is necessary for the union’s senior management to pay greater attention to working to spread an idea of how to manage organizational error in how to deal with errors that occur in an environment. Work because of its impact on the effectiveness of union members.

How do proactive career behaviors translate into subjective career success and perceived employability? The role of thriving at work and humble leadership

Abstract While individuals’ proactive career behaviors (PCBs) are critical to sustainable career outcomes, knowledge of how and when PCBs translate into these outcomes is limited. Drawing upon the conservation of resources theory and the socially embedded model of thriving, this study examines the psychological process through which PCBs translate into two sustainable career outcomes (i.e., subjective career success and perceived employability). Based on data collected from 228 participants in a Chinese company, our findings reveal that PCBs positively predict subjective career success and perceived employability by fostering thriving at work. Furthermore, the indirect association between PCBs and perceived employability via thriving at work is strengthened when participants’ perception of humble leadership is high. This study extends our knowledge by identifying a psychological mechanism that explains how employees’ PCBs translate into sustainable career outcomes and enriches our understanding of the boundary conditions of PCBs by identifying humble leadership as an important factor.

Born Outside of Wedlock, Died as a Millionaire: Getting Wealthy by Being Entrepreneurially Resourceful

The rise from rags to riches i.e., from poverty to wealth has inspired as a topic both novelists and historians, but often their texts are just chronological or sub-thematic writings without any clear theoretical focus. In the present study, the learned entrepreneurial resourcefulness has been selected to be the main theoretical perspective. In addition, we can follow from a life-long description how a youngster called Julius (Julius Johnsson; 1845-1923) born in the poverty rose to wealth. The context is Finland, mainly in the 19th century, and the historian’s biographical data are used as empirical evidence. Our analytical tool is a 2x2-matrix, which makes it possible to study both individual and collective resourcefulness and both proactive and reactive behaviour in the growth process. The key findings emphasize proactive, self-initiated behaviour. Both individual and collective resourcefulness have helped the youngster in his development ”from a Russian bastard” to a Finnish millionaire. The nature of his resourcefulness has been not only cognitive but also affective and, most of all, conative. Resourcefulness has helped Julius to recognize opportunities and overcome resource constraints in the transition to a wealthy habitual entrepreneur and a respected businessman. Earlier body of knowledge regarding resourcefulness is complemented with our analytical matrix which can be regarded as the main methodological contribution and which offers a novel framework for the forthcoming studies aiming at adding knowledge on entrepreneurial resourcefulness. Keywords: biography, entrepreneurial behaviour, entrepreneurial resourcefulness, habitual entrepreneur, learning

How subjective ethical congruence facilitates leadership identification construction: A followership perspective

AbstractThis study examines subordinate subjective congruence resulting from personal ethical identity and perceived ethical leadership (PEL) on followership behaviors, including: obedience, proactive, and constructive resistance behaviors through identification with supervisors. Using polynomial regressions, results from self‐reported data of 208 employees in China supported that higher level of identification with supervisor occurs because of the following: (1) ethical congruence rather than ethical incongruence; (2) high‐high rather than low‐low congruence; (3) incongruence when personal ethical identity is lower than PEL rather than when personal ethical identity is higher than PEL. Moreover, such perceived ethical congruence facilitates followership obedience and proactive behaviors but not constructive resistance behavior via identification with supervisors. Relevant theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The Active Role of Job Crafting in Promoting Well-Being and Employability: An Empirical Investigation

Background: Job crafting is a proactive behavior displayed by workers to modify the boundaries of their roles, adapting them to their own needs, which is positively associated with motivational processes and negatively associated with mechanisms that compromise well-being. Methods: Starting from this framework, the objective of this study is to assess the strategic role of job crafting in the relationship between job insecurity and work engagement, psychological well-being and emotional exhaustion, and also to specifically investigate how much age impacts these behaviors and the relationship between job crafting and employability. The hypotheses were explored using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and validated using 5000 bootstrap re-samples, differentiating the models by the type of contract and organization of origin. Results: The results confirm the crucial role of job crafting in improving individual well-being and increasing processes of higher expendability in the job market and its protective role against stress mechanisms. Conclusions: Therefore, the results highlight the potentially beneficial effects of job crafting interventions, which are capable of providing tools to facilitate individual and cultural growth.