Private Institutions Research Articles

"Enhancing Teaching Performance through Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK): A Study of Mathematics Teachers in Private Institutions"

"Enhancing Teaching Performance through Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK): A Study of Mathematics Teachers in Private Institutions"

Sociodemographic and Health‐Related Risk Factors Associated With Planned and Emergency Cesarean Births in Mexico

ABSTRACTBackgroundCesarean delivery is a contributing factor to many delivery care and postpartum maternal morbidities, especially when a cesarean delivery is unnecessary. Mexico has one of the highest cesarean birth rates in Latin America, and as such, our objective was to identify the sociodemographic, reproductive, maternal care, and health‐related characteristics associated with the prevalence of planned and emergency cesarean births in Mexico.MethodsUsing nationally representative data from a Mexican probabilistic survey (ENSANUT 2021), we examined and developed a cross‐sectional analysis of women aged 12 to 19 with a live‐birth and women 20 to 49 years who had their last live‐birth within five years before the survey (n = 1330). We used multinomial logistic regression analysis to examine predictors associated with planned and emergency cesarean births.ResultsThe live‐births within our sample included 50.7% vaginal, 27.5% emergency cesarean births, and 21.8% planned cesarean births. Younger age groups at delivery, speaking an indigenous language, and receiving delivery care at open public services are negatively associated with having any cesarean birth. Receiving delivery care at private institutions and having hypertension during pregnancy increases the odds of having both planned and emergency cesarean births. Emergency cesarean births are positively associated with tertiary education and negatively correlated with the parity of three or more children, while planned cesarean births are more likely for women with a parity of two.DiscussionEfforts to reduce unnecessary cesarean births should include evidence‐based medicine recommendations, actions to avoid the first cesarean birth, and providing pregnant women with counseling to support informed decisions.

PRINCIPAIS CAUSAS PARA O CANCELAMENTO DE CIRURGIAS ELETIVAS EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE REDE PRIVADA.

The objective of this study was to identify the main causes for the cancellation of elective surgeries in a private institution in a municipality in the Northern region of Brazil, from August 2021 to August 2022. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, quantitative study carried out in a private health institution, located in the municipality of Belém, capital of the State of Pará, in the Northern region of Brazil. Considering a universe of 110 physical medical records according to the period established from August 2021 to August 2022, a sampling error margin of no more than 5% and a confidence level of 95% were used. Therefore, the sample of this study is composed of 86 medical records of patients who had their elective surgical procedure canceled. The following were excluded: medical records of urgent and emergency surgeries; medical records with inadequately filled out or incomplete information; duplicate medical records. The demographic profile of the patients analyzed, the majority are female (61.63%). The age group 60 to 69 years had the highest prevalence, with a total of 25.58% of surgical cancellations. The majority of patients were brown, with 76.74% of the patients analyzed. (53.49%) patients denied any type of comorbidity, either concomitantly or in isolation. Regarding the surgical specialties with the highest cancellations, orthopedics (52.33%) and otorhinolaryngology (24.42%) were found. Among the main causes of surgical cancellation with the highest rate is related to the unfavorable clinical conditions of the patients (30.23%). Regarding organizational issues, surgeries canceled at the request of the surgeon stand out, with 26.74%.

Disaster Risk Reduction Education Through Digital Technologies in the Context of Education for Sustainable Development: A Curricula Analysis of Security and Defense Studies in Serbia

This study examines the integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) into security and defense studies curricula at Serbian universities, focusing on public and private institutions. As climate change accelerates and natural disasters become more frequent, addressing these risks is critical for national security and sustainable development. This research evaluates the extent of DRR incorporation in curricula and the use of emerging technologies in DRR education. A qualitative analysis of programs at institutions such as the Faculty of Security Studies at the University of Belgrade, the Military Academy, the University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies, and private universities like Singidunum and Educons University reveals that public institutions have made significant progress. However, private universities still need comprehensive DRR-focused courses and technological integration. This study recommends fostering collaboration between public and private universities, expanding access to the National Simulation Center, and incorporating modern technologies and active learning strategies across curricula to bridge existing gaps. These steps equip future security professionals with the practical skills and interdisciplinary knowledge necessary for effective disaster management in an increasingly complex risk environment.

Embracing the hybrid experience: Uncovering the emotional effects of synchronous hybrid education on undergraduate university students

This research presents an in-depth examination of the emotional effects of synchronous hybrid education on undergraduate university students at a pioneering private institution in educational innovation. The study had encompassed all courses that were delivered in a synchronous hybrid format, covering 16 courses and involving 241 students. Each student had been observed and recorded on two separate class sessions, with each recording lasting approximately 30 min. This comprehensive data collection had resulted in 409 recordings, each approximately 30 min in duration, translating to nearly an hour of observation per student across the classes, totaling close to 205 h of recordings. These recordings were subsequently processed using neuroscience software tools for advanced statistical analysis, effectively serving as a comprehensive survey of courses within this modality. The primary focus of the research was on the emotions experienced during both face-to-face and online classes and their subsequent influence on student behavior and well-being. The findings reveal higher emotional time ratios for positive emotions such as joy and surprise in face-to-face students. Notably, both groups exhibited comparable ratios for negative emotions like anger and sadness. The research underscores the emotional advantages of face-to-face interactions, which elicit stronger emotions, in contrast to online students who often feel detached and isolated.

Air Transport Organization: Competitiveness, Globalization, and Innovation

Introduction. Effective organization of air transportation is the basis of strengthening the positions of airlines in the international air transport system in the conditions of deepening globalization processes of aviation activity.Problem Statement. It is a priority direction for the development of aviation activities within the framework of the concept of the state's transport policy, which ensures the safety of passengers and the transparency of territorial and industrial relations in the conditions of constant changes in the economic environment of the national economy.Purpose. Research of the current state of aviation activity, ensuring the effective organization of air transportation in the transport system and interrelated branches of the national economy.Materials and Мethods. A dialectical-materialist approach, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, formalization and analogy have been employed. Statistical documents of international organizations, private and state institutions, publications of research by domestic and foreign researchers have been used as reference material.Results. Five elements of the organization of air transportation at the global level are highlighted: the largest specific weight of passenger transportation in the structure of aviation activity; the aviation industry is promising, which is gradually expanding the boundaries of its niche in the world transport market; the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the aviation industry, changing the centers of economic gravity; active activity of global aviation organizations and associations, which covers most countries of the world; development of a regulatory and legal framework of a global level and global standardization of aviation activities. The challenges of the aviation industry, which arise at the global level, have been characterized.Conclusions. The key prospects for the development of the global aviation industry based on innovative activities are: the latest types of aviation fuel aimed at environmental safety; targeting new layers of potential customers; growth of jobs in the aviation industry; compliance with the accuracy of the departure/arrival schedule; smart service and flight safety.

Pathways towards sustainability: A capacity needs assessment for the implementation of the Colombian Policy for Sustainable Cattle 2022–2050

Cattle farming is one of the main agricultural activities in Colombia, but its mainly extensive nature generates significant social and environmental impacts, such as land grabbing, agricultural frontier expansion, increased greenhouse gas emissions, and deforestation. To transform cattle systems towards sustainability, the Policy Guidelines for Sustainable Cattle 2022–2050 (LPGBS) were launched in 2022, resulting from conversations between sector institutions and the national government. Although the LPGBS are proposed as the roadmap for cattle farming in the coming decades, their implementation has faced delays and raised doubts among the involved institutions. This research analyzes the current state of the LPGBS to identify difficulties and determine strategies that promote sustainability in cattle systems by building capacities. The research is based on a mixed-methods approach and contains a literature review on the evaluation of public policies in the cattle sector, complemented by 26 key-informant interviews with experts from public and private institutions involved in developing the LPGBS. These interviews provided key perspectives and practical experiences to understand current difficulties in the implementation of the LPGBS and identify the capacities needed to achieve the planned transition to sustainable cattle farming. Results reveal several difficulties in the LPGBS design stage, including institutional weakness, low governmental participation, and lack of trust among stakeholders. However, important progress was made, such as the construction of social, environmental, and productive sustainability criteria, the consolidation of the sustainability approach at the cattle landscape level, and regional participation. The capacities necessary to drive the implementation of the LPGBS include strengthening rural extension programs, access to financing, and the implementation of a traceability system for monitoring and evaluation. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating policies at early stages to provide crucial information for decision-makers and public policy formulators to correct and improve implementation processes.

To Study the Effect of Social Competence on Academic Performance of Secondary School Students of Private and Government Schools

This research employs a quantitative cross-sectional survey design to investigate the relationships between academic performance and social competence among 11th and 12th-grade students in both government and private institutions. The sample consists of 600 students, evenly divided between government and private schools, and selected using stratified random sampling to ensure adequate representation. The study includes students aged 16 to 18, excluding those with significant learning disabilities. Data collection instruments consist of a demographic questionnaire, students' Grade Point Average (GPA), the Social Competence Scale by Sharma, Shukla, and Shukla. Social competence is assessed on a 5-point Likert scale. The data collection procedure involved obtaining consent from students, parents, and school authorities, followed by administering the surveys and intelligence tests in a controlled environment. Students' GPAs were gathered from school records. The analysis includes descriptive statistics for demographic data, GPA & social competence. Independent sample t-tests compare academic performance between government and private school students, while ANOVA examines differences in social competence by gender and intellectual ability by grade level. Pearson correlation coefficients explore relationships between GPA & social competence, while a multiple regression model predicts GPA based on these factors, controlling for variables such as age, gender, school type, and parental education. The study hypothesizes no significant relationship between social competence and academic performance across different school types.

Konstruksi Realitas Sosial pada Cuti Melahirkan untuk Ayah dalam Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2023

Awareness of the role of the father, starting from the process of accompanying his wife giving birth to the process of caring for a newborn baby, has begun to be emphasized in modern society. This awareness then resulted in the Government Regulations Draft (RPP) regarding the management of State Civil Apparatus (ASN) as implementing regulations for Law number 20 of 2023 which will regulate paternity leave rights for male civil servants whose wives are about to give birth. So far, in Indonesia, both government and private institutions only regulate maternity leave for female employees. The social construction that has been formed is that women must take full responsibility in caring for newborn children. This research examines the perceptions of male civil servants and private employees regarding the draft law that will regulate paternity leave. Using Bless and Greifeneder's Social Cognitive Processing, 5 male civil servants and 5 male private employees were invited to participate in the FGD. This research shows that there are still misperceptions among male workers because of their thinking patterns which are still strongly derived from Indonesian patriarchal culture. Even though there are many facts in the form of research results about the role of fathers in childcare, male workers are still dominated by the perception that only women are responsible for childcare. Paternity leave does not need to be long because it can reduce men's productivity in the workplace. In fact, husbands’ presence is not only needed to help the wife in the domestic realm but can also provide emotional support to the wives. All forms of male perception and action are still the result of imitation of habits, customs, and social norms seen and learned in society. Keywords: paternity leave, social construct, FGD, perception, Stuart Hall

Teacher Educators’ Mental Stress towards Online Teaching in West Bengal, India

The study aimed to find out the mental stress of teacher educators towards online teaching in respect to their gender and type of institutions. Descriptive survey method was employed for the study. 200 teacher educators were selected as sample by random sampling from 29 different universities and colleges of West Bengal, including government and private institutions. Among the selected samples, 120 were male and 80 were female, while 103 teacher educators were from government institutions and 97 from self-financed institutions. Data were collected using “ICT Scale on Mental Stress”. Data were analyzed by percentage analysis and independent samples t-test. Results revealed that 40% teacher educators faced high mental stress towards using ICT in online teaching. Further the results revealed that female teacher educators faced more mental stress than their male counterparts. Teacher educators of private colleges showed more mental stress than the teacher educators of government institutions. Therefore, rigorous training on online teaching can be recommended for teacher educators.

Technology readiness and implications for higher education in Universities in North-Central Nigeria

The fourth industrial revolution emphasises classroom innovation with digital and smart technology. It examined students' preparation for technology-driven education in higher education and the fourth industrial revolution. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for this study. The population consisted of students from tertiary institutions, while the target population included university undergraduate and postgraduate students in universities in North-Central Nigeria. The sample comprised five hundred and seventy students across three types of institutions in Nigeria (i.e. private, state, and federal-owned institutions), drawn using proportionate and cluster sampling techniques. Data were collected using a researcher-designed and validated questionnaire with an overall reliability index of 0.86. The collected data were analysed descriptively, and non-parametric inferential statistics were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. Students were ready to use educational apps for studying, engage with immersive tech tools while learning, learn about IoT as part of their learning trajectories for 4IR compliance, embrace many technological innovations while learning, and engage in lifelong learning. Moderately technology-ready students had significant gender, age, institution, and degree of study demographics. Also, given the contemporary 4IR reality, pupils were somewhat ready for technology-enhanced education and positively inclined toward technology-driven abilities. Group dynamics are crucial to preparation. Therefore, it is recommended that students be given the opportunity to improve their technical abilities to prepare them for meaningful teaching and learning. This can be done by investing in technology, training students, and passing regulations that support worldwide competitive online learning.

A Cohort Study of Lt. Col. Luke J. Weathers VA Medical Center Patients with Positive FIT and Incomplete GI Evaluation during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The reasons for and incidence of delay in screening colonoscopies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are of major public health interest. The risks and reasons for delay likely vary between public and private institutions. This research sought to analyze data regarding the completion of screening colonoscopies after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the reasons for a delay in obtaining these results at the Lt. Col. Luke Weathers, Jr. Veterans Affairs Medical Center. The goals were to evaluate the institutional resilience and analyze the problems associated with this major healthcare crisis. This closed cohort study included all positive FITs from our local Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center from October 2019 to January 2020 and July 2020 to May 2021. A total of 115 VA patients with a positive FIT prepandemic and 157 VA patients with a positive FIT during the pandemic were included. Completion rates within 180 days were measured, and charts were reviewed to identify the reasons for lack of completion. Both community and local VA procedures for veterans were included. Univariate and multivariable analyses were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs). The Pearson χ2 test was applied to calculate P values. VA patients' percentage of timely completion was lower pre-COVID-19 than it was during the pandemic, and the percentage of delayed completion was higher pre-COVID-19 than it was during the pandemic. Comparing patients who completed a colonoscopy with those who did not, increasing age had an OR of 0.947 (95% CI 0.920-0.975), and White race had an OR of 0.504 (95% CI 0.291-0.873). Evaluating delays in colonoscopy completion, VA colonoscopies versus referral to the community had an OR of 4.472 (95% CI 1.602-12.483), and pre-COVID-19 completion versus during COVID-19 had an OR of 4.663 (95% CI 1.727-12.594) with multivariable logistic regression. There was a statistically significant increase in timely colonoscopy completion during the study period when compared with the pre-COVID-19 period. The completion rate was higher at the Lt. Col. Luke Weathers, Jr. VA Medical Center than a large population average in 2020, possibly related to community colonoscopies and an aggressive case management system. In addition, increasing age and White race were associated with decreased colonoscopy completion. Predictors of an increased delay in colonoscopy completion included a pre-COVID-19 positive FIT and colonoscopies performed within the VA rather than being referred to providers in the community. A common reason for delay in all of the groups was patients declining intervention and delay/lack of referral.

Students’ safety culture at tertiary level academic institutes in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

This study aims to investigate the safety culture of tertiary-level students in Bangladesh and identify the factors that influence it. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1676 students from 16 universities and medical colleges in Bangladesh to gather data. The survey consisted of a paper-based structured questionnaire with three scales: a 17-item safety beliefs and values scale, a 10-item safety perception and awareness scale, and a 14-item safety attitudes scale. The results showed that tertiary-level students generally exhibit moderate levels of safety beliefs and values, safety perception and awareness, and safety attitudes. Female students had better safety perception and awareness [β = -0.083; 95%CI = -0.140, -0.025] and safety attitudes [β = -0.173; 95%CI = -0.230, -0.117], while male students had stronger safety beliefs and values [β = 0.047; 95%CI = 0.005, 0.089]. Students with physical disabilities and those who had experienced accidents had significantly higher levels of safety perception and awareness, as well as safety attitudes, compared to their peers. Additionally, students in private institutions had lower levels of safety perception and awareness [β = -0.130; 95%CI = -0.189, -0.070] as well as safety attitudes [β = -0.058; 95%CI = -0.116, -0.001], than public institution students. Age, gender, and type of institute were significantly associated with all three components of safety culture. Accident experience was also significantly linked to safety perception and awareness [β = 0.054; 95%CI = 0.002, 0.105], and safety attitudes [β = -0.093; 95%CI = -0.143, 0.043]. Based on these findings, it is recommended that tertiary educational institutions in Bangladesh develop intervention strategies that consider the age, gender, and physical disability of students to enhance their safety culture.

Can a Signboard Be Exclusionary? A Study of Linguistic Landscape in the Commercial Center of Poznań

A signboard is an element of the linguistic landscape of a given place. The linguistic landscape is a space open to everyone, but it may be experienced differently by people from various generations. To examine the extent and quality of comfort or discomfort resulting from linguistic exclusion in public spaces, in the article the linguistic landscape of the center of Poznań is analyzed in terms of the absence and presence of the native language of residents and visitors to this place. The research material comes from the most frequented places in this city and includes signs of private establishments (“bottom-up tokens”), which contribute to the linguistic landscape of Poznań. The study of linguistic exclusion takes into account the diverse linguistic competencies of five living generations of Poles. It aims to identify potential causes of the feeling of exclusion in open urban spaces for specific groups of Poles.

Best practices in creating partnerships for transformative engaged learning experiences at a small, liberal arts, Lasallian institution

AbstractAll undergraduate students at Saint Mary's College of California, a small, private institution, are required to complete an engaged learning (EL) course or experience for graduation. This graduation requirement was established to provide students with the opportunity to learn in and from the community; an important value from the principles of the Liberal Arts and Catholic Lasallian traditions that inform the College's pedagogy. The social justice and community engagement center on campus called the Catholic Institute for Lasallian Social Action (CILSA), establishes EL partnerships with nonprofit organizations, school districts, campus departments, and other higher education institutions throughout California for EL courses, internships, place‐based work, and research projects. We value the expertise of our partners and view them as co‐educators in creating transformative learning experiences for nearly 600 students annually. In this article, we will share our process in sustaining community partnerships, our scaffolding engagement efforts, and best practices for collaborating with partners.

UROLATAM Project: A multidisciplinary comprehensive care project for prostate cancer

Abstract Introduction Prostate Cancer (PCa) represents a health problem in the world and its management is heterogeneous in care, depending on the resources each country has, modifying its effectiveness in prevention, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Methods The UROLATAM program was implemented based on the Design Thinking quadruple helix innovation model, consisting of the immersion, design, idea and prototype phases, characterized by being multidisciplinary and comprehensive. Teachers and students from different careers at the Universidad Veracruzana participated. Linkages were made with: Local government, government health institutions, colleges of specialist doctors, private institutions and civil society. This program was broadcast on radio, television and social networks inviting the population to participate in education and prevention activities, in addition to participating in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up actions for men over 40 years of age. The duration of the program was 4 days, including educational sessions for doctors, patients, family members and caregivers, as well as determination of prostate-specific antigen, urological consultation and prostate ultrasound, as well as rehabilitation exercises, diagnostic confirmation and treatment. who needed it. Results During the sessions, 944 patients aged 60.7 (±15.0) years were treated, 443 (47%) had never received a urological consultation, identifying a prevalence of 11.7% of Cap. The human team present with the patient was 25 specialist doctors, 16 medical residents, 38 undergraduate students, 3 rehabilitators and 6 administrative staff. None of the participants received a salary for participating in this project. Conclusions The multidisciplinary UROLATAM linkage project constitutes a useful educational, training and assistance tool for the population, as well as an educational element for the students who are part of the work team. Key messages • The UROLATAM project is replicable in countries that require additional support in the prostate cancer approach. • The structure of the UROLATAM project can be replicated to address other public health problems.

Value Chain Analysis of Apple in Shimla District of Himachal Pradesh, India

The study sought to acquire extensive insights into the markets and associated marketing strategies within the Shimla district during the year 2021-22. Employing a random sampling technique, a representative sample comprising five traders, five wholesalers, five retailers, and thirty actively engaged consumers in the apple marketing sector was selected. The investigation identified the presence of five distinct marketing channels in the study area. Channel-V, which involves the processing of apples into value-added forms such as jam, wine, and juice, exhibited the most substantial degree of value addition, contributing 55.80 percent to the overall value addition. In the study area, the majority of farmers acquire their inputs from private institutes. A methodically prepared value chain map illustrates the continuous transfer of produce from farmers to consumers. Notably, the wholesale stage experienced the most significant loss, amounting to 4.11 kg per quintal. In the storage of apples, the storage unit gained a profit of 140 Rs per kg, while in the processing of apples, the processing unit it was 13333.59 Rs. per quintal.

Stakeholders’ Perspectives on Rehabilitation Services in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa: A Mixed-method Study

Background and Objectives: South Africa is committed to enhancing rehabilitation services by 2030 through the National Rehabilitation Policy and the United Nations Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities. However, limited research focuses on rehabilitation services in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province, South Africa. This study aims to provide insights from stakeholders on rehabilitation services in KZN Province focused on infrastructure, referrals, human resources, and multidisciplinary practices. Methods: Using mixed methods, we conducted focus group discussions, interviews, and surveys involving 99 stakeholders, including rehabilitation practitioners, district and provincial managers, and social development representatives from eThekwini, AmaJuba, and King Cetshwayo in South Africa. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used for quantitative and qualitative data. Results: Public institutions reported inadequate referral pathways (2.9 out of 5) compared to private institutions (3.4 out of 5). Acute rehabilitation referrals primarily targeted secondary or tertiary facilities. Disjointed pathways, a lack of protocols, delayed referrals due to various factors and insufficient staff were identified. Physiotherapists were disproportionally more prominent, while social workers, psychologists and bio-kineticists were scarce. Both public (93%) and private (73%) care exhibited high doctor-to-patient ratios. Rehabilitation service disciplines were limited and fragmented, especially in rural areas. Thirty-four respondents (81%) stated no designated rehabilitation services units in their respective institutions. Conclusion: Rehabilitation services, though present at all care levels in KZN, mostly begin at tertiary levels. Local-level rehabilitation is non-existent, with the public healthcare system relying on community rehabilitation workers. Referral pathways require standardization, especially at the local level. Enhancing primary healthcare’s rehabilitation focus by bolstering workforce recruitment can significantly improve multidisciplinary practices. Expanding intermediate care facility licenses can alleviate system strain on KZN’s public health sector.

Range and Nature of Social Services for Children With Disabilities and Their Families: A Descriptive Study.

Children with disabilities and their families continue to face challenges in social inclusion and accessing resources. This study aimed to evaluate the availability and associated challenges of using services for these children and their families. A descriptive study was conducted to analyze social services for children with disabilities. Data were collected from the official websites of both public and private institutions across three regions in South Korea. These data included information on the service contents and the characteristics of the target beneficiaries. A total of 12,841 service units were analyzed and grouped into 10 domains and 35 categories of social services. The most frequently identified service content was "Healthcare," followed by "Child and family care" and "Community services." The most frequently used characteristic of target beneficiaries was "Residential area," followed by "Income level," "Benefit," and "Type of disability." The current services are limited in meeting the needs of children with disabilities, particularly in terms of selection criteria, service content, and the integration of policies and delivery systems, contributing to a lack of social inclusion and lower quality of life. Constructing a national scheme to expand eligibility and support tailored to individual circumstances and needs is necessary.

Correlation between Teacher Motivation, Remuneration and Student Outcomes in Nigeria, with a Focus on Public versus Private Educational Institutions

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between teacher motivation, remuneration, and student outcomes in Nigeria, with a focus on public versus private educational institutions Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The investigation into the correlation between teacher motivation, remuneration, and student outcomes in Nigeria reveals a clear link between teacher incentives and student performance, with notable differences between public and private institutions. In private schools, where teachers generally receive higher salaries and better working conditions, student outcomes are significantly better, as measured by exam performance and retention rates. Conversely, in public schools, low teacher remuneration, lack of incentives, and inadequate working conditions result in low teacher motivation, which negatively impacts student outcomes. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Herzberg’s two-factor theory, expectancy theory & equity theory may be used to anchor future studies on the correlation between teacher motivation, remuneration, and student outcomes in Nigeria, with a focus on public versus private educational institutions. Performance-based remuneration systems should be implemented in public schools to enhance teacher motivation. Policymakers should establish a national remuneration framework that aligns public and private sector teacher pay, ensuring equity in compensation and reducing the motivation gap between the sectors.