Private Domain Research Articles

Stakeholder engagement variability across public, private and public-private partnership projects: A data-driven network-based analysis.

Stakeholder engagement is generally considered one of the most pertinent factors impacting project outcomes. However, there is lacking empirical evidence documenting patterns of stakeholder engagement and their potential differences between public, private and public-private partnership (PPP) projects. This study leverages social network research methods to capture and quantitively compare these engagement structures. Stakeholder network data were collected by an online questionnaire from 17 public, 30 private and 9 PPP projects. A series of network-based analyses were subsequently applied to the data at both the level of individual project stakeholders and entire project stakeholder ecologies. A statistically significant difference (p<0.05) exists among the network-level measures of network size, edge number, density and betweenness centralization across the three project types. Among these four network measures, the density varies significantly (p<0.05) between 'within budget' and cost overrun projects for the private and PPP projects. The top-5 stakeholder lists with respect to three node-level centrality values reveal distinctive differences across the three project types. To further interpret the data, exponential random graph models were also applied to determine the most statistically prevalent network motifs within each type of project. Again, statistically significant differences were found across these three project types. The findings consistently point to structural differences in patterns of stakeholder engagement across the public and private domain and illustrate the applicability of network data and analytical techniques to monitoring and managing complex webs of relationships among actors who affect and are affected by diverse types of projects.

Women’s education, knowledge and competence in Ancient Greece

The paper deals with women?s education in Ancient Greece. In ancient times, women were dominated by men throughout the Greek world, while their roles and competence were strictly defined (albeit differently across various city-states). Although not all women were deprived of education, their education was almost never organized by the city-state. Women?s knowledge and voice were never welcome in the public domain. However, the picture of women?s education, knowledge and competences is not one-dimensional and it would be wrong to claim that those did not exist. Foreign women sometimes had more freedom of education and free communication with men than Greek citizens? wives (especially in Athens); education was also available for girls from rich families; some city-states other than Athens were less restrictive towards their women. The other aspect of the issue was the fact that there was some knowledge available to women, and in some professions, women did not appear as an exception, but rather as a rule. Such was the case of midwives, women physicians and herbal specialists/pharmacists. Their prominent role in the private domain did not only involve care of home and closest kin, but also rituals, and this should be considered an important aspect of women?s competence. However, researching women?s education and knowledge in antiquity is a difficult task, because veils of silence were cast over women?s voices in ancient times, including those that attempted to break through the barriers of their age.

证券行业财富管理业务私域流量营销策略研究

证券行业财富管理业务私域流量营销策略研究

O que fazer com a sexualidade adolescente? Antropologia das formas de governo no Brasil

Abstract This article discusses how the Brazilian Ministry for Women, the Family and Human Rights operates in relation to the prevention of so-called “teenage pregnancy”, analysing the Ministry’s political strategies, directives, initiatives for conversation with society-at-large, and campaigns for engaging their target public. We find, at the interstices of state bureaucracy, peculiar ways of dealing with and erasing teenage sexuality and gender markers that bear on teenage socialization, both of which are constitutive dimensions of these subjects, in favour of an idyllic family ethos which is contrasted to the sociocultural, material and symbolic dimensions that weave relations between generations within the domestic sphere. Childhood and self-care become central to government rhetoric, mobilizing conservative strategies that stem from an alarmist outlook which remains restricted to the private domain, singling out the (cis)heteronormative family - rather than schools - as the locus for sexuality education.

A Survey on DNS Encryption: Current Development, Malware Misuse, and Inference Techniques

The domain name system (DNS) that maps alphabetic names to numeric Internet Protocol (IP) addresses plays a foundational role in Internet communications. By default, DNS queries and responses are exchanged in unencrypted plaintext, and hence, can be read and/or hijacked by third parties. To protect user privacy, the networking community has proposed standard encryption technologies such as DNS over TLS (DoT), DNS over HTTPS (DoH), and DNS over QUIC (DoQ) for DNS communications, enabling clients to perform secure and private domain name lookups. We survey the DNS encryption literature published from 2016 to 2021, focusing on its current landscape and how it is misused by malware, and highlighting the existing techniques developed to make inferences from encrypted DNS traffic. First, we provide an overview of various standards developed in the space of DNS encryption and their adoption status, performance, benefits, and security issues. Second, we highlight ways that various malware families can exploit DNS encryption to their advantage for botnet communications and/or data exfiltration. Third, we discuss existing inference methods for profiling normal patterns and/or detecting malicious encrypted DNS traffic. Several directions are presented to motivate future research in enhancing the performance and security of DNS encryption.

Jeddah Islamic Port: Strategies for Responding to the Probable Economic Shocks of 2020-2030

Jeddah is the sea gateway to the commercial heart of Saudi Arabia, and there are high expectations from the port to significantly increase its contribution to non-oil gross domestic product. However, the geopolitical issues between the United States of America and China intruded, then the COVID-19 pandemic which will significantly impact global trade. This study investigates the effects of these conditions and rising port competition on government policy (Vision 2030) for Jeddah Islamic Port. Interviewing key respondents in the public and private domains, this research fleshes out statistical measures, and critically reviews information from many sources to establish the ongoing status of Jeddah Islamic Port. Significant bottlenecks in landside logistics, such as road and storage facilities are currently being addressed. Current digitisation advances have been adopted in a supply chain logistics platform focussed on the port, and with plans for container loading-unloading and on-site storage automation. Sustainability is viewed by Mawani (i.e., port authority) as meeting international protocols on emissions and waste. However, the rise of mega-container ships, the enhanced Suez Canal traffic, and the dominance of Chinese shipping put pressure on the port administrators to engage with their port tenants and with foreign ports to ensure that Jeddah Islamic Port remains a key player in global trade. Inter-port communications are found to be a critical trade practice in the face of emerging competitions in the region.

‘How can I fix my disrupted life?’ Embodied experiences and biocitizenship among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China

Drawing on qualitative data collected from men who have sex with men living with HIV in Fujian and Sichuan provinces in southeast and southwest China, respectively, this study aims to understand their lived experiences in the context of social norms, institutions and roles. We argue that informants encountered biographical disruption as a result of their diagnosed infection. They then painfully experienced different forms of social death on the one hand, while on the other, some also exerted agency/autonomy by strategically fighting for their rights and interests in both private and public domains. By examining these lived experiences, this study discusses the biological citizenship of the respondents so as to deepen understanding of embodied life experiences and trajectories.

Creating the landscape, one stand at a time: The dual roles of timber buyers in the nested domains of Swedish forestry

In Sweden forest owners have a high degree of freedom in management decisions, but that does not necessarily imply decisions in isolation. Landowners are often influenced by forestry advisors, shaping forest management practices and the resulting condition of forests. As the State is withdrawing resources from the Swedish Forest Agency, advisory services are widely provided by private actors, particularly timber buyers. This study applies Hägerstrand's framework of nested domains to explore the role of timber buyers, with emphasis on their spatial competence. We expand Hägerstrand's theory by integrating private domains, which play an important role in landscape governance. Semi-structured interviews reveal the dynamics of timber buyers' dual role. Despite access to extensive data when giving advice, timber buyers rely largely on personal experience and information at the stand and property level, and environmental data are largely overshadowed by data related to timber production. Despite the buyers' greater spatial competence in comparison to landowners, they lack incentives to actively apply a landscape perspective in forest planning and management. There is underutilised potential for effectively balancing timber production, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation at the landscape level through the advisory services by private actors. Our operationalized framework is helpful in analyzing FOKIS in Sweden, where compatibility of different types of advice providers needs further attention.

City streetscapes and neighborhood characteristics of fatal opioid overdoses among people experiencing homelessness who use drugs in New York City, 2017-2019.

While housing is a critical social determinant of nonprescription opioid overdose, little is known about how place impacts fatal overdose for people experiencing homelessness (PEH) who use drugs beyond the public versus private domains. This study investigated patterns of neighborhood environment features at locations of fatal overdoses among PEH. We remotely visited locations of opioid-involved fatal overdoses provided by the New York City Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, 2017-2019 (n=3276), with Google Street View and used systematic social observation to assess characteristics of the street block related to drug exposures. We cross-referenced home address with city shelters and supportive housing to identify PEH (n=503). We used the differences of K functions from the spatial point patterns and kernel ratio function maps to identify geographic clusters. We then used logistic regression to identify significant individual-, block-, and neighborhood-level covariates (neighborhood deprivation, segregation, population density). Over half (55.9%, n=281) of fatal overdoses among PEH occurred in supportive housing or shelters, and 15.5% (n=78) occurred in public spaces (e.g., parks). Spatial analyses identified areas of significant concentrated fatal overdoses among PEH in Manhattan, the South Bronx, and Brooklyn. We identified several significant indicators of physical and social order and disorder associated with increased odds of experiencing homelessness at time of fatal overdose, including construction/renovation, graffiti, traffic calming features, and loitering. Harm reduction services should be co-located in facilities that serve PEH and targeted to street blocks with indicators of physical and social disorder. While supportive housing is a crucial step in preventing fatal opioid overdoses among PEH, identifying neighborhoods for intervention services delivery and harm reduction outreach for PEH is necessary.

Al-Quran as Arabic Text and Women's Rights in Public Space; A Pragmatic Study of Women's Contributions to Overcoming the Corona Virus Outbreak

Currently, women play an indispensable role in social life. Many have positions of strategic importance. Their contribution is not restricted to the private domain but extends to the public sphere. Not insignificant numbers of people become leaders of organizations, social institutions, political parties, and even nations. However, it is regrettable that many religious leaders continue to place women in subordinate positions, particularly in religion and social life. This study examines the influence of the interpretation of the Arabic text in the Al-Quran on women's freedom of expression in the public domain. This study focuses on their right to join social institutions that help overcome the coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak. The question is, how does the Al-Qur'an view their freedom to express themselves in the public sphere? To answer this dilemma, we must first return the Al-Quran to its text as general meaning, then reinterpret it to fulfill a different context-appropriate purpose. The question is, how does the Al-Qur'an view their freedom to express themselves in the public sphere? To address this question, we must first return the Al-Quran to its general meaning before transforming it into another purpose that is appropriate for the context. As a result, the research employs linguistics as a science to evaluate interests from numerous angles.

(Guilty) Viewing Pleasures and Reality TV: Queer Viewers Decoding the Greek Version of The Bachelor

Despite their relatively long and successful course in the history of Greek private television, reality shows are generally cast under negative light. Given their engagement with topics pertaining more strictly to the private domain, TV realities have at different times been criticised as vulgar, superficial, and ‘low’ quality products (Deery, 2015; Hill, 2005; Lumby, 2003; Weber, 2014). Inspired by the feminist research tradition’s interest in audience studies and queer critical approaches to affect and minor aesthetic categories (Reid, 2022), this article explores how five queer women make sense of the Greek version of the popular reality show, The Bachelor (ALPHA, 2021-2022). Drawing on Sara Ahmed’s theory of (dis)orientation (2006), the article highlights the female viewers’ sense of empowerment, escapist fantasy, (dis)pleasures and frustrations as they relate with the text. Through disidentification (Muñoz, 1999), namely, these instances during which queer women viewers identify partially, conditionally and contingently—with dominant identities, discourses and ideologies endemic within the reality show, the paper unravels the complex dynamic of media consumption as well as guilty pleasure’s association with criticality and skepticism, tethered to the viewers’ taste, life experiences, and values.&#x0D;

Addressing The Risks Of Climate Change

This article describes the urgency to address climate change risks. One message is that the focus on mitigation and adaptation alone will not allow to reduce climate change risks with the time left before we reach potential tipping points of the climate system. The article therefore has a focus on additional approaches such as carbon dioxide removal (CDR) by technologies that can be upscaled to limit overshooting to a reasonable period of time (several decades) and approaches to avoid further warming by use of solar radiative management (SRM) approaches to buy time before CDR will have done its job. As a first step with respect to governance, principles that could be the basis for requirements are suggested, based upon recently developed documents in the private and voluntary domain to address greenwashing in the context of carbon neutrality/net zero carbon claims.

Humanitarian Sovereignty, Exceptional Muslims, and the Transnational Making of Kuwaiti Citizens

What is the role of transnational non-state philanthropic actors in the Kuwaiti humanitarian mission abroad? How does humanitarian aid reinforce and (re)conceptualize Kuwaiti notions of citizenship? A key provider of foreign assistance, this small, at times vulnerable, Gulf country has given generously to other nations as part of a strategic foreign policy. Kuwait’s humanitarian sovereignty involves coordinated efforts at multiple levels of state policy, civil society organizations, and pious individual donors who fund the work of international Islamic charities – which have increasingly become more connected to the state. Exceptional Muslim humanitarians donate their time along with their money, and youth in greater numbers are volunteering with transnational missions. An honorable endeavor—sanctioned by the government—volunteering brings religious rewards and leads to professional development. Bridging state, civil society, and private domains, transnational giving from Kuwait merges religious and national forms of community and shapes moral citizens.

Stigma towards leprosy across seven life domains in Indonesia: a qualitative systematic review

ObjectiveTo provide knowledge about the domains of life affected by stigma towards leprosy in Indonesia, including its manifestations, driving factors and consequences.DesignQualitative systematic review.Study selectionPubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest, Taylor&Francis and Google...

Small stories and accountability of discursive action in mediated political discourse: Contextualisation and recontextualisation of ordinary and not-so-ordinary participants

This paper examines how participants in mediated political discourse use short narratives strategically to account for discursive action by contextualising and re-contextualising their discursive selves, particular discursive acts and their intended and unintended perlocutionary effects. The data analysed are pre-election data (2017) and non-election data (2018), comprising online news reports from British broadsheets, parliamentary debates, political speeches from leading British politicians, and their web-based comments' sections. The research is based on the differentiation between the generalised pragmatic premise and second-order theoretical construct of accountability2 of communicative action and its discourse-community-based particularisation, the first-order participant construct of accountability1. The discursive value of the latter is negotiated in context and in the political-discourse data further distinguished as regards accountability of and accountability for discursive acts. The analysis focuses on how ordinary and not-so-ordinary participants contextualise and recontextualise interfacing ordinary-life experience anchored in private domains and not-so-ordinary political action anchored in public and institutional domains. It considers (1) the production format comparing not-so-ordinary and ordinary story tellers; (2) stories with (a) not-so-ordinary, (b) ordinary, and (c) ordinary and not-so-ordinary characters; (3) ordinary settings and institutional settings; and (4) explicit and implicit evaluations by characters and tellers. The analysis shows that there is not only variation in the formatting of the short narratives with more-prototypical small stories and monolithic characters, settings and plot, and less-prototypical small stories with more dimensional characters, fuzzy settings and negotiated evaluations. There is also variation in the discursive function of the small stories: not-so-ordinary tellers and characters account for their discursive acts through life-world-experience-based accounts while at the same time implicating their leadership skills. They present themselves as listening to ordinary people, voicing their concerns in the public arena, initiating political action and acting on their behalf. Ordinary tellers and their ordinary characters tell their ordinary-life based stories, distancing themselves from the not-so-ordinary agents. In the mediated data, not-so-ordinary participants' references to the private-public interface generally trigger conversational implicatures targeting sincerity, credibility and ideological coherence, while ordinary participants' references to the private-public interface are used to show the effects of political decision on their real-life experience.

Prostitute Praising Represented by Male Novelists in Post-1998 Religious Society

Prostitute praising is represented by Remy Sylado in novel titled Ca-Bau-Kan: Hanya Sebuah Dosa (1999) and Arswendo Atmowiloto in novel titled Dewi Kawi (2008). Prostitute praising in the novels written by males in religious society in the midst of discourse about freedom of expression flowing in post-1998 era in Indonesia becomes problem of this research. Regarding the problem, this research aims to identify: (1) how prostitute praising is represented by males in their novel, (2) why male novelists produce such representations by applying Stuart Hall’s representation theory in relation to production of meaning through language and production of knowledge through discourse. The theory application reveals that male novelists represent prostitute praising in private and public domain which are mixed up and that there is relation between male and female in the domains siding with male as constructed by post-1998 discursive formation involving the state and religions to uphold masculine domination.

Law Brakes to Protect Victims of Sexual Violence Against Children and Women in the Private Field

Various laws and regulations have been established to prevent sexual violence against children and women. Various violations in the laws and regulations have been made to minimize the occurrence of sexual violence, especially in the private sphere. This private domain is a family area where the perpetrator is a person who is still related by blood, kinship, marriage or who has an intimate relationship with the victim. This is what causes the victim does not dare to report to the authorities. One of them is the case of a 12-year-old child in Medan who became a victim of his mother's girlfriend and ended up suffering from the HIV virus. Based on this, the problem in this study is how to violate the law in protecting victims of violence against children and women in the private sphere. This study aims to find out legal breakthroughs in protecting victims of sexual violence against children and women in the private sphere. This study uses a normative juridical research method, because there is an examination of norms regarding legal protection for victims of violence against children and women in the private sphere. This research uses library law sources. The establishment of Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence (UU PKDRT) aims to provide protection to women. Meanwhile, legal protection for children is contained in Law Number 17 of 2016 concerning Stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2016 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. The law has not been able to prevent and track sexual violence that occurs in the private sphere. The government finally made a breakthrough to form Law No. 12 of 2022 concerning the Crime of Sexual Violence.

State of care for EU mobile workers' rights in the Dutch meat sector in times of, and beyond, COVID-19

PurposeWith a focus on the position of EU mobile workers in the Dutch meat industry, this article discusses the multi-level State efforts to enhance protection of workers who experienced limited protection of existing State and private enforcement institutions. The COVID-19 pandemic, with virus outbreaks at Dutch meat plants, fuelled public and political will to structurally improve these workers' precarious work and living conditions. Yet, the process of policy change is slow. The authors show it is the gradual transformation in the institutional environment that the State needs to counter to become more protective for EU mobile workers.Design/methodology/approachUsing the gradual institutional change approach and the concept of State ignorance, the authors examine State responses drawing on interviews with expert stakeholders in the public and private domain, public administration records and newspaper articles.FindingsThrough knowledge creation, boosted social dialogue mechanisms, enhanced enforcement capacity and new housing legislation, the Dutch State focuses on countering gradual institutional change through which existing institutions lost their effectiveness as protectors of EU mobile workers. The organization of work is, nevertheless, not (yet) fundamentally addressed with tighter public legislation.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the role of the State as multifaceted actor in institutional change processes towards increased protection for EU mobile workers.

‘The unbearable surplus of being human’: Happiness, virtues and the delegitimisation of the negative

AbstractThe increased governmental focus on happiness since the late 1990s, and particularly since the economic crash of 2008, has been informed predominantly by a conceptualisation of happiness promoted by the field of positive psychology, and adopted and developed in fields such as behavioural economics and more recently in fields such as neuroeducation. Concepts, or traits, associated with feeling happy or satisfied with our lives, such as resilience, are now promoted across both public and private domains as a means to improve our quality of life, our productivity and our attainment. The promotion of this positive psychological notion of happiness in the context of education not only presents these traits as virtues of the productive learning citizen but also effects a delegitimisation of the negative. Analysis of curricula programmes, seen alongside the shift taken towards a focus on the individual as brain, highlights the pedagogical and political implications of this.

Private trees contribute uniquely to urban forest diversity, structure and service-based traits

The urban forest provides our communities with a host of benefits through the delivery of ecosystem services. To properly quantify and sustain these benefits, we require a strong baseline understanding of forest structure and diversity. To date, fine-scale work considering urban forest diversity and ecosystem services has often been limited to trees on public land, considering only one or two green space types. However, the governance of urban green spaces means tree species composition is influenced by management decisions at various levels, including by institutions, municipalities, and individual landowners responsible for their care. Using a mixed-method approach combining a traditional field-inventory and community science project, we inventoried urban trees in the residential neighbourhood of Notre-Dame-de-Grȃce, Montreal. We assessed how tree diversity, composition and structure varies across multiple green space types in the public and private domain (parks, institutions, street rights of way and private yards) at multiple scales. We assessed how service-based traits – traits capturing aspects of plant form and functions that urban residents find beneficial – differed across green space types, with implications for the distribution of ecosystem services across the urban landscape. Green space types displayed meaningful differences in tree diversity, structure, and service-based traits. For example, the inclusion of private trees contributed an additional 52 species (>30% of total species) not found in the local public tree inventory. Trees on private land also tended to be smaller than those in the public domain. Beyond patterns of tree richness, size, and abundance we also observed differences in the composition of tree species and service-based traits at site-scales, particularly between street rights-of way and private yards. While species composition varied considerably across street blocks, blocks were very similar to one another in terms of mean service-based traits. Contrastingly, while species composition was similar from yard to yard, yards differed significantly in mean service-based trait values. Our work emphasises that public tree inventories are unlikely to be fully representative of urban forest composition, structure, and benefits, with implications for urban forest management at larger spatial scales.