Private Construction Companies Research Articles

Technology Adoption in Material Procurement: An Empirical Study Applying the UTAUT Model Among Construction Companies in India

The Indian construction industry faces many challenges, such as low productivity, project delays and a lack of professionalism. To remain competitive, construction companies must adopt innovative technologies to make their operations more efficient. In this context, the management of companies needs to understand employee attitudes and perceptions of technology adoption to make investment decisions for adopting new technologies. This study aims to assess the employees’ perceptions of e-procurement as part of technology adoption in the construction sector. The popular Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework was adapted to develop a study model with employee attitude added as a mediating variable. Data collected from 305 employees working in the materials departments of different private construction companies are analyzed using SPSS Amos, a covariance-based structural equation modelling (CBSEM) tool. The study results revealed the strength of the predictor variables in determining the predicted variable and the significant role of the mediating variable in shaping employee perceptions. The results can provide valuable information to the management of the construction companies about which factors promote the adoption and acceptance of digital technologies. This awareness is greatly helpful in changing or adjusting the situation to improve employee perceptions of accepting new technologies.

Comparative Analysis of the Financial Performance of State-Owned and Private Construction Companies in Indonesia Due to the COVID-19 Disaster

In a competitive business era, company performance is a crucial factor that affects the sustainability and growth of an organization. There are various methods in measuring the performance of a company. One of them is by conducting a comparative analysis of financial statements to provide an overview and evaluate the financial conditions that occur in a particular year and predict future financial conditions. In 2020, the COVID-19 situation has a major impact on companies engaged in the infrastructure sector, including (Badan Usaha Milik Negara) BUMN in the field of building and construction and private construction companies. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance of construction companies in Indonesia, both private and state-owned enterprises with large business qualifications due to the COVID-19 disaster. The study was conducted based on the financial statements of each of these companies. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the performance of BUMN and private construction companies is still feeling the impact of COVID-19. The performance of private construction companies in 2021 has the ability to pay long-term debt, generate profits, manage capital to run the company's operations better, while BUMN construction companies have the ability to pay short-term debt, as well as manage receivables, inventory and assets.

Does the High-Rise Building Typology meet the needs for City Densification? The case of Tirana, Albania

The first high-rise building ever in Tirana and Albania was built during the 70-s. This was Hotel Tirana or “15-kateshi” as it was nicknamed. At that time, Tirana was building not more than six floors high due to limitations in finances, technology, as well as seismic regulations. Hotel Tirana was an exception for ideological and symbolic reasons of the regime. After the ‘change’ of the early 90-s and the return of the market economy, several private construction companies came up by developing ‘tower’ typology buildings of 7-9 floors. In the second decade of transformations, the municipality developed several international architectural competitions, including a masterplan for the city centre (2003) and other specific construction sites, mainly for strategic high-rise building purposes. During these years, Tirana was densified by tripling its population thanks to a typology of towers of 9-11 floors. There has been a lot of criticism of the respective municipal decision-making procedures, allegedly related to the politicization and corruption of the verticalization and densification process via control of the building permissions system

Evaluation of Time, Cost, and Factors Causing Delay of Grounding and Lightning Protection Installation Project

The problem faced by one of the private construction companies in Jakarta, Indonesia is the delay in completing the grounding and lightning protection installation project. This delay resulted in both material and immaterial losses for the company. Factors that are thought to cause delays in this grounding and lightning protection installation project include man, machine, material, and environment factors. The method used in this research is the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Crashing method to accelerate the project duration and determine the effective time and cost that can be used to complete the grounding and lightning protection installation project and the root cause analysis method with fishbone diagrams and 5 why analysis as tools to find out the root causes of problems and formulate corrective actions that may be taken by the company. The most effective and efficient acceleration alternative in terms of time and cost that can be applied by the company is the alternative of additional labour. The additional labour alternative is able to reduce the duration of work with the smallest additional cost compared to other alternatives. Meanwhile, the factors that cause delays in project work can be seen from the root causes of each factor. The root cause of each factor is then used as the basis for formulating corrective actions that can be taken by the company.

The Impact of Top Management Team Characteristics on the Risk Taking of Chinese Private Construction Enterprises

Private construction businesses have grown quickly, greatly boosting China’s economic growth; nonetheless, these businesses suffer tremendous developmental uncertainty, particularly when compared to larger state-owned businesses. The traits of the top management team (TMT) may have a direct impact on how risk-taking and decision-making behaviors are exhibited by businesses, according to earlier studies. The majority of private construction companies in China are family businesses with family members making up the majority of their top executives. As a result, these companies are vulnerable to family centralization, which will definitely boost their risk-taking level. This study used a sample of private listed companies in China’s construction industry from 2009 to 2019 to explore the impact of CEO traits on the risk-taking degree of enterprises. The findings show that a higher percentage of top female managers and a higher average rate of TMT member both lower the level of risk taking in private construction businesses. The level of risk taking, however, is positively impacted by the top management’s higher average education level. The average tenure and overseas experience of TMTs and the degree of risk taking in private construction enterprises are not significantly correlated. Additionally, the degree of risk taking in private construction firms can vary depending on the qualities of the senior management team.

공공분양주택의 수요특성과 선택요인에 관한 연구

This study aims to propose a policy for improving the quality and expanding supply of public housing for sale by finding problems and improvements in public housing for sale by studying the demand characteristics and selection factors on the part of public housing for sale buyers.
 The results of the empirical analysis are as follows: First, the perception of public housing for sale was positive and the reason was because of its low selling price. As for the perception of brand image of public housing for sale, brands of private construction companies are preferred the most because of their higher value investment. As for the preferred housing area for public housing for sale, it was found that medium-sized housing was more preferred than small-sized housing. The selection factors of public housing for sale were convenience of transportation, high investment value, convenience of parking space, and excellent educational environment.
 Second, in case of the residential satisfaction, it turned out that residents feel generally satisfied with residence at above-average points. The reasons for satisfaction were in the order of ‘environmental friendliness,’ ‘high brand recognition,’ and ‘high investment value.’ On the other hand, the reasons for dissatisfaction were in order of ‘convenience of parking space,’ ‘convenience of traffic,’ and ‘excellent educational environment.’ The factors to be considered to improve the residential satisfaction were shown in order of ‘convenience of transportation,’ ‘excellent educational environment,’ and ‘convenience of amenities.’
 Third, survey participants agreed on the necessity of expanding the supply of public housing for sale on some levels at above-average points. The items to be considered when supplying public housing for sale were ‘convenience of transportation,’ ‘excellent educational environment,’ and ‘convenience of using convenience facilities’ in their order. This is the same as the ones to be considered to improve residential satisfaction. In addition, the most common area of housing that needs to be expanded is 'more than 74㎡ to 85㎡,‘ the same as the preferred area of housing.

분양시장에서 거래되는 아파트의 분양권 거래 선택에 관한 연구

This study demonstrated the characteristics of the real estate market, focusing on the real estate market formed by the domestic pre-sale system. Specifically, whether the sale of real estate rights was traded was set as the dependent variable. Factors affecting the transaction of real estate rights are classified into household environment, generation-specialized environment, complex environment, and neighboring environment to examine their influence. For the data used for the demonstration, 24,612 cases of sale data supplied from Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi Province were utilized based on the sale data of private construction companies. As a result of the analysis, the smaller the exclusive area of the household, the higher the household layer, the higher the probability of transaction of the sale right was in the case of south-facing and the case where the corresponding household was the representative level of the complex. In addition, when a sidewall balcony exists as a household-specific environment, when there is a pentory, the higher the ceiling height, the higher the transaction probability of the sale right. Through the analysis results of this study, it was confirmed that there is a difference in the transaction probability of the sale right according to the individual characteristics of each generation.

Business performance and occupational injuries trajectories in the construction sector in Sweden

ObjectiveTo identify patterns in business performance and occupational injuries (OIs) in the Swedish construction sector between 2003 and 2015 and investigate associations between these trajectories. MethodsCompany-level data were gathered from national registers. An open cohort of 13,089 private construction companies were classified by size. Yearly business performance indicators were return on equity, operating margin, and labor-to-revenue ratio. OIs rate was defined as number of injuries divided by number of employees. Group-based trajectory models were performed to identify companies with similar patterns in business performance and OIs rate over time. Associations were investigated with binomial regression models. ResultsThe model identified two main patterns (high/low) of injuries and business indicators for all company sizes. Trends in low labor-to-revenue ratio were associated with a high injury rate with a pooled estimate of 1.43 (95% CI 1.22–1.64) with some variation by company size: super small OR 1.3 (95% CI 1.01–1.62), small, OR 1.74 (95% CI 1.39–2.18), medium OR 1.3 (95% CI 0.9–1.8) and large OR 2.1 (95% CI 0.77–5.7). Similarly, low patterns of returns on equity were associated with high injury rate patterns across all company sizes, excluding small enterprises. No associations were found for operating margin patterns. ConclusionsLow returns on equity and labor-to-revenue ratio were associated with higher OIs rate trajectories in the Swedish construction sector, which has implications for injury prevention as well as targeted surveillance and inspection. Further studies could investigate other economic sectors and possible mechanisms for this association.

Measuring and Benchmarking the Quality Culture Maturity of Construction Companies in Indonesia

In February 2018, Indonesian government suspended all big-scale elevated construction projects underway in Indonesia for several months to conduct a thorough investigation. The temporary suspension was triggered because of the prevalent construction accidents, most of which were due to construction failures. Previous studies stated that companies should implement a quality culture to carry out quality management properly. This study aims to measure the maturity level of the quality culture of state-owned, private, and foreign construction companies and compare them using gap analysis. In order to do so, this study has developed a measurement instrument adapted for construction companies based on previous studies, expert judgment, and input from respondents. The results showed that the maturity level of state-owned, foreign, and private construction companies in Indonesia were 64%, 70%, and 53% of the expected condition, respectively. In addition, this study observed eight priority indicators to have a significant relationship with construction failure, whose maturity level needs to be improved to reduce the construction failure rate. Those priority indicators included Inspiration & Motivation, Horizontal Alignment, Progress Monitoring, Feedback from Costumer, Staff Empowerment, Attitude to Quality Improvement, Attitude to Staff, and Training Provision.

A Study on North-South Joint Development Cooperation Plan of North Korean Housing Project

현재 한반도 신경제기조와 북한의 경제개발요구는 남북경협논의를 진전시키고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 북한주택사업의 남북공동개발협력방안을 제시하여 한반도 경제협력의 한축으로 북한주택사업이 자리매김하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 남북경협의 건설사업 사례들을 사업방식, 사업주체, 사업성과, 실패요인 등의 분석틀을 토대로 평가하여, 구체적이고 실질적인 방안을 제시하였다. 북한 건설사업의 남북공동협력 사례분석을 토대로 북한주택사업의 공동개발협력방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 국제관계변화와 북한정책변화로 대북사업이 단절되는 상황을 예방하기 위해, 정부의 보증과 보험이 필요하다. 그리고 대외적으로는 미국, 러시아, 일본, 중국 등과 공동개발 추진방안을 고려해야 한다. 둘째, 대북사업에서 안전문제 재발방지책과 남한의 투자자산에 대한 보호･보장 장치 등에 관한 법률적･제도적 보완이 요구된다. 셋째, 주택 건설 사업을 위한 전문기술과 인력의 부족문제를 해결해야 한다. 이외에도 정부･지방자치단체와 사회단체, 민간 건설업체와 관련협회의 유기적인 협력체계를 마련과 민간기업의 재정적 지원책 마련 등이 필요하다.This study aims to establish the North Korean housing project as an axis of economic cooperation on the Korean Peninsula by presenting a plan for North-South Joint Development Cooperation. Concrete and practical plans were suggested by evaluating the construction project cases of the inter-Korean economic cooperation. They were based on the analysis framework of the business method, project subject, project performance, and failure factors. Joint development cooperation plan in the North Korean housing project is as follows. First, government guarantees and insurance are needed. They are needed to prevent the situation in which the North Korean business is cut off due to changes in international relations and North Korean policy. And the joint development plan with the US, Russia, Japan, and China should be considered. Second, legal and institutional supplements are required. They are required for measures to prevent the recurrence of safety issues and to protect and secure South Korean investment assets in North Korea projects. Third, it is necessary to solve the problem of shortage of expertise and manpower for housing construction projects. In addition, it is necessary to establish a cooperation system between the government, local governments, social organizations, private construction companies and related associations. Financial support measures for private companies are also needed.

Опыт государственно-частного партнерства в сфере развития современного деревянного жилищного строительства в Финляндии

This paper studies the experience and algorithm of public-private partnership in the development of modern wooden housing in Finland. Are view of the state of modern wooden architecture in the general context of architectural activity in Finland was carried out by analysing governmental programmes aimed at developing wooden housing and environmentally sustainable constructionpractices,in particular the "State architectural policy of Finland" adopted in 1998. The materials of a seminar on constructing modern wooden housing held in Irkutsk by Finnish specialists are presented. The ex-perience of Finnish colleagues was considered in terms of its expediency for the construction industry of the Angara region. It is established that the organizational and economic effectiveness of projects in the sphere of wooden housing construction and environmentally sustainable construction processes should be based on a close and comprehensive cooperation of state construction organizations with private construction companies and public organizations. Specific forms of public-private partnership in the field of wooden housing construction are described, along with the roles and positions of all the par-ticipants. Special attention was paid to the Finnish experience of holding housing fairs, which are aimed at promoting wooden housing construction in different cities of Finland. The Finnish experience in the development of wooden housing construction is currently one of the best in the world, and its applica-tion in the construction industry of the Angara region is expedient.

The Effect of Apartment Housing Characteristics on the Days On Market(DOM)

Pre-sale performance is a micro indicator of the supply and demand of housing market. Nevertheless, research on pre-sale outcome is insufficient due to data limitations. This study analyzes the characteristics of housing that affect the days on market(hereafter DOM), and also considers the effects of apartments characteristics on the DOM by mediation sale price. This study tries to acquire and analyze pre-sale data that are difficult to obtain due to the characteristics of private construction companies. As a result, the mediation effect of pre-sale price was confirmed as partial mediation effect, and the increase of pre-sale price was shown to increase the DOM in the market as a whole. According to the analysis results, it is found that providing good conditions of view, sunshine and ventilation such as small area, south facing, high floor, and direct airflow and lowering the sale price is effective to improve the sale performance.

Analysis of the main trends, problems and prospects of the building materials industry of the Republic of Bashkortostan

The article actualizes the importance of the development of the construction materials industry in the Russian Federation from the point of view of the need to level the existing imbalances in the socio-economic development of the regions. The main trends, problems and prospects of development of the construction materials industry are analyzed on the materials of the Republic of Bashkortostan – one of the leading subjects of the Russian Federation. In the 1990–2000-ies of economic reform in the construction complex of the country were destroyed centralized management structures, deformed industry and spatial structure of the complex, violated the relationship between suppliers and consumers of building materials and structures, which led to the bankruptcy of most of the largest construction trusts, reducing the volume and pace of construction and installation work. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, the share of private construction companies has increased with a decrease in the share of state-owned enterprises and enterprises of mixed ownership. Due to the crisis situation of a number of Republican manufacturers of building materials, the volume of unfinished construction is growing, the needs of the region in construction materials and structures are not covered sufficiently. The results of the analysis of development of construction complex of the region and substantiates the need for structural and technological modernization of the industry of construction materials based on the structural transformation of the economy of the region, introduction of the latest scientific and technical achievements, advanced machinery and technological processes, effective structural changes and institutional reforms. Taking into account the advanced foreign and domestic experience (Moscow, Moscow region, St. Petersburg, Sverdlovsk, Voronezh, Kaluga, Lipetsk, Novosibirsk, Samara, Saratov regions and the Republic of Tatarstan), the priority directions and mechanisms of structural modernization of the construction materials industry of the Republic of Bashkortostan through the use of the cluster approach are scientifically justified.

Coping with the Information Age: Development of a Data Flow Diagram-Based Knowledge Management System for Mitigating Delays for Construction

The construction industry adopts itself to the paradigm shift of today’s technology as evident in the numerous researches being conducted to create a more sustainable process and risk-resilient systems in management of projects. In this study, the documentation system of private construction companies in the Philippines served as the primary focus with an intention to scrutinize and improve the data management system of these construction projects. Data was gathered from three(3) different companies (A, AA, and AAA) involving six of their ongoing projects. After the conduct of two(2) Likert Scale surveys, contractor-based factors are the most common delay issues in projects namely financial difficulties and late deliveries with a mean of 4.32 and 4.26 respectively; while, communication and proper data management were deemed by the respondents as most effective with a mean of 4.66 and 4.51 respectively. The analysis of variance from the three companies does not show much difference as it was able to meet the 95% confidence level implying that the hypothesis is valid in all three sets and same as the analysis of variance among the three construction entities—contractor, client, and consultant. The DFD-Simulation Method showed a significant 2-3 days of schedule improvement valued from Php 10,000.00 – Php 125,000.00. Therefore, construction data management needs to apply DFD and other emerging technologies such as BIM to improve construction delay mitigation.

Green and sustainable practices in the construction industry

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to differentiate between sustainable and green construction and significantly contribute to empirical investigations related to the impact of green construction factors on sustainable performance and to test the theory of planned behavior in the construction context and empirically assess green construction factors and the performance model. The model incorporates green construction factors that link construction activities with suppliers and customers to support environmental sustainability. Design/methodology/approach Data collected from 120 construction industry respondents were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, which identified seven green construction factors. Two conformity factor analysis models were created to test the relationship fitness of the components and measure the impact of green construction factors on the sustainable performance of the construction. Findings The results provide substantial evidence that shows that the adoption of green construction factors by construction firms leads to improved sustainable performance. The overall perspective of respondents within the construction industry, according to the questionnaire survey, shows that the benefits, such as an improved corporate image and sustainable competitive advantage, increase compliance with customers’ expectations within the construction industry. Research limitations/implications This study covered private construction companies and measured the construction industry professional’s feedback without including the clients. Practical implications The results of this study will support the future success of ecological sustainability and green construction initiatives, mainly on enforcement and incentives; moreover, the results of this study will ensure that regulations will cover green practices for all types of projects and will be formally monitored for compliance. Originality/value The originality of this paper stems from drawing boundaries between green and sustainable construction and exploring the impact of green management on the sustainable performance of the construction industry. Most of the related previous works have used the concepts of green and sustainability interchangeably, and there is a lack of studies in this regard, particularly in the construction industry.

From Penal to "Civil": A Legacy of Private Prison Policy in a Landscape of Migrant Detention

Texas has more migrant detention centers and migrant prisons than any other state in the Union. This essay focuses on the construction and design of migrant detention facilities in Texas since the 1960s in relation to immigration policy and private prison practices. Using archival and ethnographic methods that include historical newspaper articles, ICE contracts and documents, satellite imagery, field observations and interviews, this genealogy of the construction of detention facilities reveals the government’s abdication of design responsibilities, as private prison corporations and construction companies assume authority and responsibility for making critical design decisions that affect migrants’ daily lives. I argue that the construction and design of facilities in Texas has formalized and institutionalized the “penal turn” and “criminalization of migration” reflected in immigration policy into an intractable material reality with long-term consequences. Not only has the evolving design of detention facilities contributed to today’s increasingly punitive experience of detention, but also the building of detention facilities and their related contracts shapes both a US civic “spatial imagination” and immigration policy itself.

Disclosure of public-private partnership (PPP) voluntary information

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold: first, it seeks the perception of public-private partnership (PPP) experts on the importance of desirable PPP information that can be voluntarily reported by the private sector; and second, it determines the extent and quality of voluntary disclosure of PPP information by private entities.Design/methodology/approachIn achieving the first objective, the study uses a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was distributed to PPP experts and 25 usable responses were received. In addressing the second objective, a content analysis procedure was utilized to analyse the 2015 annual reports of 11 construction companies. Descriptive statistics including the mean score, frequency and percentage were employed to analyse the responses of the questionnaire instrument and the annual reports disclosure.FindingsThe results of the questionnaire survey reveal that the majority of the items were rated as very important to be disclosed by the private sector in Malaysia. However, from the content analysis, it was also revealed that the extent and quality of voluntary information disclosed by the private construction companies were low.Originality/valueThis study is important as it contributes to the scant literature on PPP disclosure in Malaysia. The study is unique as it not only investigated the extent and quality of voluntary disclosure by private entities, but also solicited the perception of PPP experts on what voluntary items should be disclosed.

Bidding Strategy and Cash Flow Forecasting in Private Construction Companies in Iraq

The sector of Private Construction Companies is one of the most important sectors in construction market in IRAQ. This sector played an important role in the last ten years in the Iraqi construction field. The idea of this research came from the hardly competitive bidding among these many private companies, and because of the lack of knowledge by many of these companies about the bidding strategy theories. This research is a trial to create a balanced condition of the bidding price for the contractor. The average bidding strategy method depends on historical data for the bidders and it is a relationship between the added percentage of profit and the winning probability. An important factor is inserted in this research, which is the maximum fiscal deficit that is facing the contractor during construction period of any project; this deficit is the difference between the received discounted payments and the cost of finished works for any period during construction. The contractor apply the bidding strategy method to lower his profit margin to the lowest certain extent to rise the opportunity to win the contract. Nevertheless, he forget that the lowest profit margin leads to highest cash deficit during construction. A survey was done for a contract construction company in the private sector in Iraq, where the competition is more clearly than the governmental sector, by collecting data for (5) competitive companies in (16) projects. By using the average bid method, to determine the added (12%) of profit the winning probability was (9%), and from the analysis of the cash flow forecasting curve the maximum fiscal deficit will be IQD (8,972,000) at the second month of the project execution duration. By applying the resultant equation and to lower the deficit through rising profit by (0.1%) the winning opportunity will be decrease by (0.6%). In this research, a relationship is drawn between the profit margin and the maximum deficit for project, and finally a relationship is drawn between the deficit and the winning opportunity of the contract. Both of these two relationships are linear, and the important results are that any contract should apply both average bid method and cash deficit method at the same time, according to the economic condition to its firm.

Performance indices for quantitative measurement of R&D results in private construction companies

As the investment in Research and Development (R&D) projects is increasing in private construction companies in Korea, the necessity to evaluate the effects of the investment in terms of company’s finance is growing. However, there has not been an applicable system to properly and quantitatively measure the result and effectiveness of R&D efforts in Korea. In order to evaluate R&D results, R&D performance indices and their monetarily performance are required. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop performance indices capable of measuring the R&D performance quantitatively in private construction companies. To accomplish this purpose, development direction of performance indices has been established, through the analysis on current R&D measurement standards in major Korean private construction companies and through carrying out questionnaire survey. The development of performance indices has been implemented through the applicability evaluation of public R&D performance indices, the analysis on evaluation criteria in major Korean private construction companies, and the analysis on actual data of R&D projects of a Korean private construction company. 20 Performance indices are proposed by 5×5 matrix with performance areas (such as productivity, knowledge accumulation, application, publication, and standardization) and R&D purposes (such as product development, construction process/method development, specification development, standardization development, and others). The effectiveness of proposed performance indices was verified to be appropriate for R&D projects in private construction companies in Korea, through questionnaire survey with evaluation criteria such as comparability, measurability and validity. The primary contribution of this study is to establish private R&D performance indices essential to convert the R&D efforts into monitory term. As a result, they can help company executives to make decision to invest on R&D based on the reliable quantitation of R&D outcome.

수자원시설 건설공사 표준공기 산정을 위한 기초연구

It is important to have enough design and construction duration for infrastructure projects. However, recent water resource project in Korea shows several problems caused by their fast-tract schedule. National Audit Committee report several water resource projects have quality problems caused by insufficient project duration. Especially, water resource projects such as dam and water pipeline construction should have proper time to secure their structure quality. Normal project duration for these projects should be estimated based on previous similar projects` historical data analysis. However there is no standard model which can estimate normal project duration for water resource projects in Korea. There are several normal project duration estimation models for building project developed by public(LH) and private construction companies. However, there is no proper model for water resource projects. So, this study developed normal project duration model for dam and water pipeline projects using historical data and show application of models.