Private Capital Investment Research Articles

Without mandated demand for greenhouse gas removal – High integrity GtCO2-scale global deployment will be jeopardized: Insight from US economic policy 2020–23

Greenhouse gas removals (GGRs) will be essential at GtCO2-scale to offset residual emissions and achieve global net zero by 2050. Engineered GGRs have the greatest long-term, large-scale CO2 storage potential and, therefore, offer opportunities to realize high-integrity removals. However, the most prominent engineered solutions are capital-intensive, generate expensive offset credits, and have achieved minimal market penetration. The United States has established policies subsidizing GGR deployment value chains which generate high-integrity removals to bring down engineered GGR costs. The US regime has the potential to result in substantial GGR cost reductions which will likely have implications on the policy frameworks for global GGR technology deployment. To date, research addressing the impact of US policies on the commercial imperatives and investment uncertainties for the global GGR sector is limited. Using a mixed methods approach, this contribution unpacked the motivations of early private sector actors. It did this by identifying characteristics of the most investable GGR business models and policy implementation requirements to establish the nascent sector, which will be critical to the GGR sector becoming a global multi-trillion-dollar, self-sustaining market. The analysis reveals that cost reduction alone will be insufficient to establish a high-integrity global GtCO2-scale sector. Systemic market risks, especially certainty of offtake through demand-side incentives, need to be `addressed. Therefore, the development of a stable and sustainable GGR sector, both in the US and globally, will remain problematic due to the inability to attract large-scale private capital investment.

Amortizing Volatility across Private Capital Investments

Amortizing Volatility across Private Capital Investments

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА КАК ФУНДАМЕНТ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯМИ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННО-СТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА РОССИИ

The paper is devoted to the theoretical and methodological foundation of management of the Investment and Construction Complex (ICC) of Russia. The result of the research is to substantiate the organic connection of the basic concepts of political economy and microeconomics with the Theories of Industrial Markets and Organizations, management of construction and design companies. The conditions for realization of the GNP by Quesnay and Marx justify the place of ICC in the expanded reproduction of GNP. The Ith division includes the construction of industrial, transport, and infrastructure facilities, the production of structures, building materials, and construction equipment. In the IIth – civil, socio-cultural, and housing construction. The ICC, interacting with all sectors of the economy, is part of the Inter-industry Balance created by the Ministry of Economic Development together with the Ministry of Construction. The Ministries and the Bank of Russia are adjusting the financial model of the construction industry, which includes funding from the state budget at all levels, the banking system of mortgage lending, private capital and household investments. Among the microeconomic foundations of ICC management, there is shown the role of the concept of supply and demand in the behavior of construction organizations in the oligopolistic and competitive segments of the profile market. The market for the design of industrial and civil facilities, unlike construction and banking, is competitive. With this in mind, the provisions of A. Marshall on the functions of supply, demand, its elasticity and J. Robinson for markets of perfect and oligopolistic competition are confirmed. Financial management of a construction and design companies, their optimal output volume and maximum profit are based on a microeconomic justified equilibrium condition of the firm. The fundamental principles of microeconomics methodologically underlie the management decisions of construction and design organizations.

Building a border-city university in occupied Palestine: Developing a cross-border “resistance economy” in practice

Situating itself within recent debates on the possibilities of developing a “resistance economy” within a neoliberal and settler colonial context, this paper examines how one border-lying university – the Arab American University of Palestine (AAUP) – and the informal city which has developed around it, has leveraged private capital investments to not only address the educational and employment needs of Palestinians living on both sides of the border, but to become an alternative frontier of economic and urban development for Palestinians. Arguing that AAUP's unique economic model of private investment in and through education reflects a highly innovative and flexible form of anti-colonial praxis as well as a unique model of a resistance economy in practice, it nonetheless argues that the capacity of independent start-ups in the surrounding area to adapt to, and withstand, economic shocks and border closures has been more limited. Demonstrating the more uneven and complicated role of private capital in not just kickstarting but sustaining economic, urban and national development in a frontier region under ongoing conditions of occupation, its findings suggest that the long-term developmental potential of this border-city university depends on the continued agility of the university and on increased levels of coordination, cooperation and consultation between it, local businesses and communities which now depend upon it for their survival.

Income allocation and distribution along with high-speed rail development in China

Previous studies have extensively examined the role of high-speed railways in economic growth from the view of economic geography but have largely overlooked their contribution as technological progress to wages and private savings. This study aims to fill this gap by analysing the association between high-speed rail, wages and private deposits in 284 Chinese prefectural-level cities from 2003 to 2018. Utilizing a difference-in-difference method and conducting robustness tests, we examine three potential mechanism channels in this association. Our findings reveal that the introduction of high-speed rail new stations has significantly boosted wage levels through employment effects and financial development effects. However, the opening of the new stations has led to a decrease in private savings. This can be attributed to the marginal absorption of increased wages by higher consumption levels facilitated by high-speed rail development. Additionally, high-speed rail development stimulates private capital investments growth in financial markets. In essence, the technological progress represented by high-speed rail alters residents' traditional investment behavior. Our finding suggests strong heterogeneity across regions and significant siphon effects across cities. This paper offers insights into the balanced development of wages and private deposits in China, highlighting the implications of high-speed rail for economic dynamics in the country.

Maintaining Warp Speed: Policy Requirements for a Just-in-Time, Capability-Based, Scalable Medical Countermeasure Research and Development Enterprise.

Maintaining Warp Speed: Policy Requirements for a Just-in-Time, Capability-Based, Scalable Medical Countermeasure Research and Development Enterprise.

Sustainability in Private Capital Investing: A Systematic Literature Review

The private capital asset class has grown to over $10 trillion in assets under management and has significant potential to contribute to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals. However, there is a dearth of academic research about ESG with regards to private capital investing. This literature review adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining a quantitative (bibliometric) analysis with a qualitative review of the articles. It was found that less than 1% of the literature, written in English, between 1960-2020 on private equity and venture capital addresses topics related to sustainability. It was also observed that the 46 papers which address sustainability topics can be categorized into 13 themes, including certifications and standards, impact investing, and corporate social responsibility. Investment in private securities grew at twice the rate as public securities during the end of this time-period and interest in sustainability integration in private capital investing is growing. Incentives for private equity and venture firms to engage with sustainable investments are being driven by institutional investors, such as pension funds and insurance companies. The focus of sustainability research has typically been on public markets, hindering the potential of private capital investment to influence sustainable policy and practices. The objective of this paper is to provide evidence of the dearth of academic literature on the topic of private capital markets and sustainable investment, while identifying current themes in the existing literature so that future work may address gaps in research.

Tác động của PCI đến thu hút vốn đầu tư tư nhân tỉnh Bạc Liêu

The Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI), that assesses the effectiveness of economic governance in provinces. In Bac Lieu, the province has been making many efforts to develop the economy, such as attracting investment capital, especially private investment capital, which is of particular interest. This study aims to evaluate the impact of PCI index on attracting private investment capital in Bac Lieu province. This study uses a linear regression model to determine the correlation between the PCI components to attracting investment capital from the private sector in Bac Lieu province. The results show that land access, transparency, time costs, informal costs, dynamism, labor training impact the amount of private capital investment in Bac Lieu

Analysis of Sustainability of Bamboo Handicrafts: Investigation of Welfare and Its Supporting Variables

Bamboo is a natural material with numerous applications, one of which is the creation of handicrafts. As a form of creative economic development that contributes to the welfare of people, bamboo handicrafts are a form of ancestry. This condition is supported by the trend of the global community to “back to nature”, which includes the use of in-demand natural products, thereby increasing the popularity of bamboo handicrafts. However, the challenge of bamboo handicrafts' sustainability must be considered in harmony between of economic, social, and environmental harmony. This research was conducted to examine the current state of bamboo handicrafts and the factors that contribute to their sustainability. The Lipsor-developed Micmac application served as the foundation for the prospective methodology of this study. This investigation takes place in Sidetapa Village, Bali, Indonesia. The study's primary data sources were collected via surveys and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with research informants. According to the findings of the study, sixty percent of the community is comprised of bamboo handicrafts. Nutritional health, employment, accommodation, and community environment is in the good category. However, the condition of community education falls within the category of sufficiency. Conservation, environmental protection, culture, wealth, and innovation all have an impact on the sustainability of bamboo crafts in Sidatapa Village. Producing sustainably also requires taking into account marketing, supplies, and production. Conservation, environmental protection, culture, wealth, and innovation all have an impact on the sustainability of bamboo crafts in Sidatapa Village. In order to achieve sustainability, additional factors such as production, marketing, and materials must be taken into account. The research data can explain the condition of the variables that contribute to the durability of bamboo handicrafts. It must be supported by government programs, the extant culture, the capacity of human resources, and government or private capital investment. This research contributes the human resource capacity and government and private investment are the most important determinants to the regional economic development plans that promote the betterment of human welfare.

Responsiveness of the Construction Sector to Fiscal Policy in Nigeria

The influence of fiscal policy measures on the economy is reflective of sectorial outputs like the construction sector industry. However, the extent of the influence in countries such as Nigeria is vague, making their interaction a concern. This study investigated and examined the relationship between the construction sector and selected fiscal policy measures, namely government revenue, public capital expenditure, gross fixed capital formation and deficit finance. Using time series, data of the study variables between 1980 and 2019 were analysed using cointegration estimation and pairwise casualty techniques. The study’s findings showed that there were long-term and short-term relationships between all variables, but they were not significant, except for the government revenue. Similarly, the pairwise Granger causality test confirmed that deficit financing and public capital expenditure had no casualty effect on the construction sector. It is concluded that the construction sector is not responsive to changes in fiscal policies in Nigeria. Subsequently, the study recommends the need for increased public and private capital investment, improvement in revenue generation and efficient use of debt revenue on infrastructure development to strengthen domestic growth across economic sectors.

Финансово-экономический механизм стимулирования внедрения инновационных технологий в льноводстве

Abstract. The article reflects the problems of stimulating the development and implementation of advanced technologies in the field of agro-industrial production in general and in flax growing in particular. The mechanism is proposed, which is based on the use of the entire complex of financial, credit, economic, investment, tax and other instruments of influence on the activation of demand for scientific and technical products with a direct mechanism of state regulation and support. Relevance. One of the problems of the development of the agro-industrial complex is the existing model of the functioning of the economy, in which there are no sufficiently effective incentives for private capital investment in the acquisition of advanced developments in agricultural and agro-industrial production. The justification and application of a financial and economic mechanism to stimulate the introduction of innovative technologies in flax production has now become simply necessary to ensure technical and technological modernization at the expense of domestic developments of research centers and private companies, which is due to the sanctions imposed against our country and the growth of international tension. The problem of finding a mechanism to stimulate the allocation of long-term funds for the acquisition of advanced technologies is becoming particularly relevant. The purpose of this study is to propose a financial and economic mechanism to stimulate the introduction of advanced technologies in the flax industry of the agro–industrial complex of Russia, the tools of which will increase the level of innovation activity of economic entities of the flax complex. Methods. In the course of the study, methods of comparative, abstract-logical, functional-cost analysis, expert evaluation were used. Results. The article proposes a financial and economic mechanism to stimulate the introduction of advanced technologies, the tools of which will significantly increase the level of innovation activity of economic entities of the flax-growing subcomplex. In addition, the use of the mechanism of interaction between development institutes (VEB) and endowment funds proposed for use in industry science creates prerequisites for expanding the financing of research developments in flax production. The scientific novelty is in the proposal and justification of a new option for the interaction of development institutions within the financial and economic mechanism for stimulating the development and implementation of innovations in the agro-industrial complex (flax industry).

Using Various Data in the Internet Age to Study How Private Investment Can Promote High-Quality Economic Growth in Shaanxi

Since the reform and opening up, with the gradual advancement of China’s economic system reform, China’s investment and financing system has been adjusted and reformed. With the advancement of investment commercialization, the growing investment sector that is increasingly visible to major players in the private capital market is expanding. Private capital is playing an increasingly important role in China’s economic development. Due to various reasons such as history and geography, the growth rate of private capital investment in Shaanxi Province, which is located on the bridge in the northwest, is significantly behind the eastern coastal provinces. Therefore, it compared the factors affecting private investment in Shaanxi Province and coastal provinces, sought out the gap in the development of private investment in the two provinces, and formulated measures to stimulate private investment enthusiasm in Shaanxi Province. It is not only the urgent need of Shaanxi’s economic development, but also the urgent need of our country. East and West need to develop in a balanced way. On this basis, this article selects Shaanxi and Zhejiang provinces for comparative analysis. Western private investment developed earlier and contained more theories, so this article first combed the theories related to Western private investment, and then briefly reviewed the development of private investment theory since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Secondly, benchmark and analyze the private investment in the two provinces from three aspects: one is to benchmark and analyze the status quo of private investment in the two provinces. Compare the factors that affect investment. Finally, by consolidating the foundation of private investment development, encouraging private investment to participate in the urbanization of Shaanxi, establishing a diversified modern financial system, creating software and hardware suitable for private investment development, and relaxing investment fields to implement a fair market access system. Made policy recommendations. Through the research of this article, it is estimated that the economic growth rate of Shaanxi will reach 13%.

Role of capital investment, investment risks, and globalization in economic growth

AbstractThe study investigates the role of public and private capital investment and globalization in the economic growth of 34 Asian economies along with investment risk and demographic pressure. By applying the two‐step system generalized method of moment, results show that private capital investment in Asian emerging‐economies has been a substantial positive impact on regional economic growth and is significantly influenced by low‐investment risks and demographic conditions as compared to low‐income and advance‐economies from 2001 to 2019. It further states that economic globalization accelerates the economic growth in Asian emerging, developing, and low‐income economies compared to advanced‐economies. This study contributes to the existing literature by analyzing Asian economies in two ways (separately public and private investment and economic globalization index to economic growth), which has been scarce in this regard. The study also suggests that private capital investment should be backed with low‐risk investment policies that create more private investment, enhance the institutional capacity, productivity, and attract foreign investors. This study's findings highlight that, for the development of the economies, private‐investment inclusion with public‐investment is the backbone that can accelerate economic growth by controlling external pressures and business risk in the country with effective public policies.

Pakistan’s Infrastructure Capital-Growth Analysis

Purpose- This empirical study facet at Pakistan for the period between 1960 and 2017 in the connection between public investment, public capital stock, private investment, private capital stock, and real GDP. Design/Methodology- Using theoretical and empirical literature assessment, to measure the impact of private investment, private capital stock, government investment, and government capital stock on Pakistan's real gross domestic product, we involved the ARDL Bound tests. Findings- A positive and significant connection was revealed between government investment, a private capital stock with real GDP. Private investment showed a substantial but negative impact in the short run, despite capital stocks indicating a positive and insignificant relationship with Pakistan's RGDP. The long-term consequences showed that the government's capital stocks, public investment, private capital stocks, and RGDP from Pakistan are linked positively and significantly. Private investment, however, has shown harmful and detrimental or insignificant relations with Pakistan's RGDP. Practical Implications- Our study may benefit the Pakistani economy, particularly while useful for academics and researchers to understand the basic concept of 'capital-growth' philosophy.

Wood buildings as a climate solution

We conducted a systematic literature search and meta-analysis of studies with side-by-side life cycle analysis comparisons of mid-rise buildings using mass timber and conventional, concrete and steel, building materials. Based on 18 comparisons across four continents, we found that substituting conventional building materials for mass timber reduces construction phase emissions by 69%, an average reduction of 216 kgCO2e/m2 of floor area. Studies included in our analysis were unanimous in showing emissions reductions when building with mass timber compared to conventional materials. Scaling-up low-carbon construction, assuming mass timber is substituted for conventional building materials in half of expected new urban construction, could provide as much as 9% of global emissions reduction needed to meet 2030 targets for keeping global warming below 1.5 ​°C. Realizing the climate mitigation potential of mass timber building could be accelerated by policy and private investment. Policy actions such as changing building codes, including mass timber in carbon offset crediting programs and setting building-sector-specific emissions reduction goals will remove barriers to and incentivize the adoption of mass timber. Private capital, as debt or equity investment, is poised to play a crucial role in financing mass timber building.

Overview of BIM application for bridge - highway and infrastructure projects in Viet Nam

In recent years, the industrial revolution 4.0 has been strongly happening and affecting many industries and fields thanks to the rapid development of science and technology. Many new technologies have been developed and applied in the construction industry, increasing labor productivity and work efficiency, and reducing construction waste. One of these new technologies is Building Information Modeling (BIM), which is being strongly developed and evaluated as a key technology for the construction industry. BIM defines all property information related to a full lifecycle of a target structure, from planning and design to construction, operation, and maintenance. In Vietnam, BIM has been effective for certified projects using state budget, private capital, or foreign investment, and gradually there is a positive change. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive, up to date literature review, analysis of research areas regarding BIM for bridge, highway, infrastructure, and some applications in this domain in Vietnam

Overview of BIM application for bridge - highway and infrastructure projects in Viet Nam

In recent years, the industrial revolution 4.0 has been strongly happening and affecting many industries and fields thanks to the rapid development of science and technology. Many new technologies have been developed and applied in the construction industry, increasing labor productivity and work efficiency, and reducing construction waste. One of these new technologies is Building Information Modeling (BIM), which is being strongly developed and evaluated as a key technology for the construction industry. BIM defines all property information related to a full lifecycle of a target structure, from planning and design to construction, operation, and maintenance. In Vietnam, BIM has been effective for certified projects using state budget, private capital, or foreign investment, and gradually there is a positive change. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive, up to date literature review, analysis of research areas regarding BIM for bridge, highway, infrastructure, and some applications in this domain in Vietnam

China’s New Laws and Policies on Nongovernmental Education: Background, Characteristics, and Impact Analysis

Purpose: China has a long history of private school education. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, nongovernmental education (private school education) once disappeared from Chinese society until its revival following the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. With its development of more than four decades, nongovernmental education has become an important part of China’s educational system and is vigorously promoting the modernization progress of Chinese education. Design/Approach/Methods: Being different from the overseas private school education, which is mostly funded by donations, China’s nongovernmental education sector has operated on the basis of private capital investments and contributions, with the organizers (contributors) typically expecting economic returns. Marked by the introduction of regulations and policies for nongovernmental education around the year of 2016, China’s nongovernmental education sector officially entered a new era of registration, support, and regulation by category. Findings: The macroscopic policies of China’s nongovernmental education in new era present the following new characters: (I) Emphasizing education provision as a public interest and comprehensively strengthening private school leadership; (II) managing negative lists and broadening the means by which social forces participate in operating schools; (III) implementing preferential policies for private schools through categories based on the principle of being fair but different; (IV) supporting the development of private schools with the goal of improving education quality; (V) standardizing private schools’ operating practices in order to promote healthy and orderly development. Originality/Value: The implementing of the new policies on nongovernmental education shall have significant impact on the development and reform of China’s nongovernmental education in the future: (1) The rapid development of nonprofit private schools due to government support; (2) for-profit private schools may face polarization in a fiercely competitive market environment; (3) heavy burden of categorizing and transferring existing stock of schools due to various historical and realistic constraints.

Investment providing of jobs creation in agrarian sphere

Topicality. In the economic mechanism of regulation of the labor market in the agrarian sphere is of great importance for forecasting and balancing supply and demand for labor, depending on the volume of agricultural production and the corresponding formation of real investment in job creation in the branch. Therefore, the direction of research of investment processes and employment of the population in the agricultural sphere is relevant. Formulation of the problem. Investment processes in agriculture of Ukraine should provide reproductive processes in the branch, improve the structure of means of production and attract workers to enterprises. At present, there is a rapid reduction in labor force in the agrarian sphere, but there are not enough alternative jobs in the countryside, which increases migration flows in the country. The current urgent task of the state is to create conditions for investing in the creation of jobs in the agrarian sphere to ensure rational employment of the population and food security of the country, etc. The subject of research covers the social and labor aspects of investing in agricultural production. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the directions, terms, volumes and sources of investment in creating jobs in the agricultural sector. Methods of conducting research: abstract-logical, systematic approach, balance, monographic, statistical-economic, economic-mathematical, calculation-constructive methods. Results of the work: quantitative indicators of increase of formal employment of the population in the agrarian and other sectors of the economy and corresponding prognostic scenarios due to activation of investment and reproduction processes in the industry are substantiated; directions, volumes, terms, sources of investment in production of products in agricultural enterprises and improvement of the mechanism of their state support are determined. Practical implementation: formation of investment policy at state, branch and enterprise levels of economy, process of development of state and local programs of promotion of employment of population, agrarian and rural development. Conclusions: activation of investment in labor-intensive production of agricultural products while attracting public and private capital investments in the industry will ensure rational employment of the population in the agrarian sphere, will promote the development of agrarian social and labor relations.

“A Black Future in the Air Industry?”

This essay charts a history of black liberation and complicity in the struggle for economic advancement at San Francisco International Airport (SFO) from the late 1950s into the 1980s. Joining scholars who have explored commercial aviation as a site of black mobility and immobility as well as those who have theorized Black Power's intersections with municipal policymaking, labor organizing, business and community development projects, and affirmative action programs, I examine the spheres of airport employment and entrepreneurialism to show how struggles to overcome social and spatial confinement in the Bay Area were often shaped by the entanglements of heterogeneous actors and systems. Indeed, such efforts at SFO responded to and were made possible by shifting interfaces of public and private capital investment; government action and inaction; the work of local and national networks of business elites, labor organizers, and activists; the efforts of individual black people to make their lives better; and a concomitant symbolic economy regarding the black presence in the Bay Area. As this story concludes in the 1980s, it demonstrates that despite some successes, such struggles had advanced in the Bay Area only so far as offering a precarious and patchy inclusion: a kind of holding pattern characterized by piecemeal professional integration and the more widespread consignment of black men and women to low-wage, low-skilled work, intermittent employment, and unemployment.