Priority Of National Interests Research Articles

Некоторые выводы из анализа теории и практики управления экономикой в условиях жесткой схватки с неолиберализмом

This article attempts to systematically study the pseudo-market economy of the neoliberal type, which was operating in the country and which was actually subordinated to the interests of globalists with the help of financial and foreign economic instruments. On the basis of institutional analysis of the results of practical implementation of theoretical postulates of economic theory, the real efficiency (or rather, inefficiency) of the country’s economy, built as a raw materials appendage, as a technological backyard of developed countries, is clarified, and the conclusion about the need to restructure the entire economic mechanism, focused on the unconditional priority of national interests in socio-economic development is substantiated. The authors prove that real progress in the Russian Federation is associated with the transition to strategic management of the national economy, strengthening of centralized processes that allow to concentrate available resources on the main directions of economic and social growth, as well as strengthening the defense capability of the state in the conditions of hybrid war of the collective West against Russia. This is what should be the focus of the emerging model of management of the national economy, capable not only to resist economic pressure, but also to really ensure the achievement of national goals.

Основные вызовы развития системы высшего образования в современной России

The article considers the main challenges of the development of the system of higher education in modern Russia, due to the growing confrontation with the United States of America and its Western European allies. The expediency of revising the principles of the Bologna system, the need to reform strategic goals and objectives of the Russian higher education, the need for the inevitability of reforming public administration in this area to ensure the priority of national interests in the training of modern qualified specialists for various spheres of public life of the Russian Federation are substantiated.

Філософський вектор іншомовної підготовки студентів-філологів (кінець ХХ – початок ХХI ст.)

The article analyzes the processes that affect the training of future professionals in higher education institutions and highlights the philosophical and cultural principles of foreign language training of students of philology. It is about the conditionality of the issue of foreign language training of students of philology by the tasks of intercultural interaction, international integration and partnership, which is ensured by the balance of material and spiritual factors of development of peoples and nations. Foreign language training is an important factor in intercultural communication, aimed at ensuring the European integration of Ukraine, needs to adapt to appropriate educational conditions. The author calls the openness of Ukrainian education, as well as the priority of national interests in the process of intercultural interaction an important condition for cultural integration; the need for transformations of higher education in both substantive and procedural aspects on the basis of personal values.
 It is claimed that the renewal of education is carried out under the condition of revision of its content, its structure, procedural norms and results of mastering the program material and its value characteristics. The purposeful nature of higher education is determined by the social order of the state, which expresses public opinion and the purpose of educational activities, choosing certain competencies as the main categories of educational programs and determining the relevant learning outcomes.
 Among the factors of transformation of the higher education system in Ukraine, the scientist mentions the construction of integrated educational programs, development of common criteria for creating comparable qualification requirements, adoption of standards for assessing the quality of training of specialists with higher education which causes changes in the purpose and content of educational activities and, in turn, requires appropriate program and methodological support.
 Restructuring of foreign language training of students of philology is associated with the formation of its content, as well as the creation of new educational and methodological complexes designed to ensure this work in higher education institutions.

ОЦЕНКА ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА КАК ОСНОВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ, РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ И УГЛУБЛЕНИЯ СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ

The article discusses the dynamics of the transformation of the spatial structure of the location of agricultural production over the period from the beginning of market transformations in the 90s to 2021, and analyzes changes in regional food production over this period. The process of concentration of the main group of regions of the country, which form the basis of the food base of Russia, is revealed. It is concluded that land-intensive industries are shifting and concentrating in areas with available natural and labor resources. On the basis of the analysis carried out, the degree of uniformity in the distribution of crop and livestock production in the context of federal districts was revealed. The results obtained can be used in the development of an agricultural development strategy, taking into account regional characteristics, and in determining the target indicators for the development of agriculture. Solving the problem of the spatial development of agriculture is associated with an integrated approach to the implementation of such fundamental principles as: achieving the country's food security; ensuring the most complete and efficient use of bioclimatic and production potentials, the maximum approximation of the production of one or another type of agricultural product to areas and regions that have, first of all, the most favorable natural conditions; priority of national interests over regional economic interests; a differentiated approach to the main directions and measures of state support for the spatial development of agriculture and rural areas; complex solution of issues of territorial organization of agriculture. Significant regional differences in agriculture and its individual sub-sectors preclude a unified approach to their spatial organization. At the same time, special attention should be paid to such regions as: a few regions with relatively favorable natural and economic conditions for intensive and competitive agriculture; priority and border geostrategic territories; separate depressive and sparsely populated territories, primarily the Non-Chernozem zone; numerous regions of the Far North and terrain equated to them; labor-surplus and densely populated national republics of the North Caucasus. Since in the future the differentiation of regions in the production of certain types of agricultural products will increase to a greater extent than the tendency towards their self-sufficiency, the state should play a key role here.

Alikhan Bukeikhanov - The Idea of National Statehood

For the present generations, it is important to know not only what historical work the national political elite has done, but also what they have become as figures. Because in the entire civilized society, each generation can deeply understand its own peculiarity, its historical duty and its tasks through the study of such problems in the context of historical knowledge. Alikhan Bukeikhanov at the beginning of the twentieth century was at the head of the national movement in the new historical conditions, thereby continuing the struggle started in the XVIII century under the leadership of Abylai Khan, and in the XIX century under the leadership of Kenesary Kasymuly. He played a leading role in the theoretical justification of the idea of the national state in the new historical period, as well as in determining the ways and means by which this goal was to be achieved, and during his lifetime was recognized as the leader of the national liberation movement at the national level. The Alash movement, which was formed as a result of the purposeful work of Alikhan Bukeikhanov and his closest associates, entered the genealogy of the nation as a comprehensive civil struggle of an entire generation of intellectuals for the people's existence and values. In other words, the Alash movement is a clear indication that there was a tradition of continuity of the national idea in the history of the country, which served as the main priority of national interests. The place of Alikhan Bukeikhan and his associates in the history and culture of the nation was also that they openly and clearly expressed this fundamental position in a certain historical period and devoted their lives to this goal without any hesitation. The lack of inclination of the Provisional Government to solve the national issue prompted the Kazakh intellectuals to independently restore state power in Kazakhstan. The Cadet Party which recognized not only the identity of nations, but also cultural autonomy wasn’t agree with Kazakh intellectuals, but also sought to create an autonomous state within Russia.

Glocalization of regional innovation development

This paper summarizes the arguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of global-local interactions of a region and usage of its synergy for the innovation development. Glocalization concept provides combination of global and local issues of innovation development that is an competitive advantage for a region. The main purpose of the research is to determine paradigm shift from traditional to modern regional innovation policy under conditions of glocalization based on the modern European research, experience of European countries’ regions and reveal prospects of its implementation in Ukraine. The relevance of the decision of this scientific research is that the concepts of globalization and comprehensive integration have reached their limits, it can be stated the beginning of the era of glocalization - global cooperation, focusing on local resources and local competitive advantages. Investigation of glocalization of regional innovation development in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: theoretical background, concept formation, strategic vectors determination. The proposed in the paper methodological approach to the regional innovation policy formation is based on the following principles of glocalization: systematicity, multilevel governance, cross-sectoral co-operation (a horizontal coordination), dialectics of global and local dimensions, priority of national interests, effectiveness, uniqueness, resource availability, sustainable development. The paper presents the results of the theoretical analysis of glocalization concept implementation in the innovation sphere, which showed that regional innovation policy formation in an era of glocalization is based on the concept of complementary combination of the glocal components of innovative development of the regions, namely: local, which is expressed through the effectiveness of innovation activity in a region, global (effectiveness of international cooperation in the innovation sphere) and regulating institutions. Regional innovation systems determined as a conceptual basis of regional innovation policy and global-local interactions. The importance of social capital for innovation development and practical implementation of glocalization concept is revealed. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that glocal innovative development of regions, although aimed at overcoming the disproportions of socio-economic levels, but at the expense of other instruments – that is the mobilization of its own reserves in accordance with an independently developed program of action. The research is relevant for Ukraine and other countries with powerful innovation potential in the aspect of building an effective national innovation system.

IINTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL GUARANTEES OF ECONOMIC SECURITY

Abstract. Current issues of international and national guarantees of economic security and some proposals for their improvement outline the developments set out in this article. It is stated that economic security is one of the most important components of national security of Ukraine and is its material basis. The concept of economic security is formulated and its components are singled out. The main international guarantees of economic security are analyzed. It is stated that, according to the main international documents, the state guarantee of social, economic rights, economic security in particular, is carried out gradually, within the maximum limits of available resources. It is stated that the case law of the European Court of Human Rights is an effective guarantee of protection of economic, social and other rights of citizens of Ukraine, economic security of the state. The main national guarantees of economic security of Ukraine are described. In order to more effectively guarantee economic security, a proposal has been formulated to adopt the Law of Ukraine «On Economic Security of Ukraine», which should clearly define its concepts, components, principles of provision, etc. The main threats to Ukraine’s economic security have been identified. It is stated that at the present stage of Ukraine’s development, the greatest threat to Ukraine’s economic security is an armed attack by the Russian Federation and the temporary occupation of part of Ukraine’s territory. Proposals for Ukraine to take measures to more effectively guarantee economic security (ensuring the functioning of the economy on the principles of legality, rule of law, stability, freedom of entrepreneurial activity, priority of national interests of Ukraine; cessation of armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and return of temporarily occupied part of Ukraine; real and maximum provision of social and economic rights of citizens, improvement of mechanisms for removing the economy from the shadow sphere, elimination of corruption in economic and other spheres of public life, etc.). Keywords: economic security of Ukraine, guarantees, economy, state, economic and social rights, international documents. JEL Classification К10 Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 20.

IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

The purpose of the study is to study the relationship between the level of human capital and innovative development in various countries of the world in the context of the transition to the sixth technological order. When studying the relationship between human capital and innovation development, the authors formulated a hypothesis about a significant difference in the sensitivity and impact of innovation on the level of human capital for different groups of countries. To test the hypothesis, the authors used analytical, statistical, and correlation-regression analysis methods. The combination of these methods allowed us to record a different degree of relationship between the level of human capital and GDP, human capital and innovation, innovation and GDP of Russia. According to this analysis, in Russia there is a close relationship between the level of human capital and GDP, a less close relationship between innovation and human capital, and a very weak relationship between innovation and GDP. The current situation for Russia in the context of changing technological patterns requires special attention from state institutions to solve this problem. For the purpose of innovative development of Russia, the authors proposed measures for six major areas. The results obtained can be used to justify proposals and measures to regulate innovation processes, taking into account the priority of national interests of scientific, technological and economic development of the country.

The Role of Islam in Indonesian Foreign Policy: A Case of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Introduction

As Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won the 2004 presidential election, it marked the end of Indonesia’s democratic transition era and experienced a dynamic change in foreign policy. The new international identity that viewed Islam as an asset was introduced by SBY, emphasizing the importance of moderate Islam as opposing extremism. The phenomenon of Islamic influence was not only the result of democratic consolidation domestically but also external factors such as the aftermath of 9/11 that portrayed Muslims as potential terrorists. For this reason, Indonesian foreign policy attempted to diminish such misconceptions and tried to be a peacemaker or a mediator in Muslim-related issues globally. To contextualize the analysis, the study focuses on the influence of Islam in Indonesian foreign policy towards the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and Pakistan. The mutual aspirations on the Palestinian statehood shared by both the government and the Muslim elements in society could be found, while religious sentiments were noticeable, as shown by the Muslim groups. In contrast, the influence of Islam in Indonesia-Pakistan relations, especially regarding the Kashmir dispute, was absent due to the difference in views of the government and the Muslim groups and constraining factors, including Indonesia’s national interest priority.

Финансовая поддержка проектов зеленой экономики в России на основе принципов устойчивого развития

The article presents the results of the analysis of the Russian eco-finance system: fundamental strategies, key regulatory documents, measures and tools. The analysis was based on the methodology of sustainable development and consideration of ESG factors. We found that the formation of the institutional framework of ecofinance and the development of advanced measures of support and stimulation of projects of green economy takes into account methodological principles for sustainable development: integrating anthropogenic impacts on natural areas; balanced decision-making on establishing regulatory requirements in the field of environmental safety, responsibility for negative impact on the environment; priority of national interests in the development of measures. The analysis showed that there is an established system of measures to support and stimulate eco-projects, both administrative and financial, direct and indirect, incentives and sanctions. The system is evolving and being modernized: measures have been developed and implemented to support issuers of securities whose target orientation (securities) is related to investing in eco-projects, and a draft article “Environmental tax” has been developed and is being discussed. The features of the Russian system of support and stimulation of environmental projects are its “youth”, being at the stage of formation, and the “lack of configuration” of economic mechanisms, which makes it difficult to assess the effectiveness of the measures taken. When evaluating environmental projects and the effectiveness of support measures, it is advisable to take into account the principles of sustainable economy, as well as the relationship and mutual influence of ESG factors.

Legal Principles Of Regulation Of Foreign Economic Relations Of The Federative Republic Of Germany

The dynamics of global economic processes, increased competition in the international economic environment, the periodic occurrence of conflicts of interest between integration and disintegration processes, and challenges for national economies are a significant confirmation of the actuality of the subject of legal regulation, regulation and provision of foreign economic activity. Among main elements of Germany's foreign economic activity that are subject to legal regulation, we should highlight, first of all, such as direct export-import operations, special export, attracting of foreign investments, customs tariff and non-tariff regulation, and state support for exports. In practice, foreign economic relations of Germany, movement of goods, services and capital with foreign countries, foreign trade turnover, as well as the movement of foreign valuables and gold between citizens are fundamentally free. However, there are certain restrictions in this area that arise from EU law and the Law on foreign economic activity of 6.06.2013, as well as from the Regulation on foreign economic activity. In the context of improving the verification of foreign investment, Germany has been working with France and Italy since 2017 to change the European Union legal framework for the verification of direct investments that are made by foreigners from the European Union. The focus is on improving the cooperation of EU member States in the field of investment audit, while opening up additional opportunities for action by national legislators. In the context of implementing Ukraine's European integration intentions and actions, fully entering the free trade zone and ensuring compliance with and defending national interests, it is appropriate and relevant to take maximum account of Germany's positive experience in regulating foreign economic relations with both EU countries and third countries. Given the complete absence of divisions and specialists in foreign diplomatic missions, as well as in the Ministry of foreign Affairs of Ukraine, whose main task should be a deep analysis of all components of the legal support of foreign economic processes of the host countries and partners of Ukraine, it is advisable to draw the attention of the Ministry of foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine to the need to solve this extremely important problem. Full possession of information on the legal support and regulation of foreign economic relations of the respective countries will enable Ukraine to guarantee the priority of national interests in cooperation with them and avoid actions that could negatively affect economic, food and energy security.

SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL, SPIRITUAL AND MORAL GUIDELINES IN MANAGEMENT TRAINING AT THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT (PART 2)

The article is a continuation of an article of the same name published in the journal “Vestnik Universiteta” № 12 2019. Presented part is devoted to methodological problems, systemic approach in management and development of guidelines in setting scientific research. The systemic approach has been chosen as a fundamentally new level of thinking culture. It allows you to take into account many conditions of internal and external environment. Particularly importance is attached to the ideological dimension. Moral qualities of the person, priority of national interests should become the basis of the world view of future specialists. Educational work, like training, must be continuous. The development of the university concept of student education has necessitated a paradigm shift in the methodology of scientific development. The most important problems of training management personnel in universities of Russia have been formulated in the article

Bottom-trawl catch composition in a highly polluted coastal area reveals multifaceted native biodiversity and complex communities of fouling organisms on litter discharge

Areas subjected to anthropogenic impacts are important to test the effect of stressors on local biota. We assessed with trawl net the composition and abundance of megafauna, litter, and litter-fouling communities in the soft bottoms of the National Interest Priority Site (NIPS) of Bagnoli-Coroglio (Gulf of Naples, Tyrrhenian Sea) at different depths. The megafauna accounted for 3444 specimens referred to 133 taxa (91 invertebrates and 42 fishes), for a biomass of ~102 kg and including species of wide ecological and commercial interest. Metrics of community structure yielded high values. The NIPS, hence, is characterized by a high biodiversity. Litter accounted for 3590 items, mostly in plastic and ranging between 10< × ≤20 cm, for a weight of ~260 kg, with values of 299.2 item/km2 and 21.67 kg/km2. The putative origin of most items was land-based (83.6%), whereas sea-based litter accounted for 16.4%. More than 50% of the litter items found showed colonization by invertebrates and/or molluscan egg masses. Marine benthic litter, thus, locally constitutes a complex issue since litter items hosted complex communities of fouling organisms. Future remediation procedures should take the resident NIPS biota into account and not disrupt the environmental balance of the area.

The Kremlin and the Politics of Yugoslavia during the Years of the Soviet-Yugoslav Conflict, 1948–1953

Using extensive material from Russian archives, this article analyzes the problem of the Soviet leadership’s perception of the domestic and foreign policy of Yugoslavia during the years of the Soviet-Yugoslav conflict that arose in 1948. The article shows how relations developed between the two countries in the first post-war years, and what requirements were made of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (CPY) in the Kremlin: loyalty to Marxist theory, the idea of internationalism, and comprehensive support for the slogan of unity of all countries of “people’s democracy” led by the USSR. The article examines the process of gradual orientation towards the priority of national interests that the CPY leadership undertook and the subsequent reaction of Moscow, which accused the CPY of revisionism and nationalism. The nature of the contradictions between the two communist parties is investigated in the context of the geopolitical strategy of the USSR at that time and the regional policy of Yugoslavia. The refusal of Tito and his associates to admit the Kremlin’s accusations laid the foundation for the search for their own “authentic” model of socialism, based on “true” Marxist theory, free from the distortions of Stalinism, which was defined in Belgrade as state-bureaucratic capitalism. The gradual formation and evolution of the Yugoslav model, reforms in the economy and social sphere, and the introduction of workers’ self-government, which took place in the early 1950s, became the object of close attention and total criticism from the Soviet leadership. Moscow closely followed the foreign policy of Yugoslavia, whose main priority at that time was to preserve the country’s independence by any means. The rapprochement of Yugoslavia with the United States and other Western countries caused particular concern and irritation to the Kremlin, which believed that this would help strengthen NATO in the region and weaken the position of the Soviet bloc.

ВІЙСЬКОВО-ФАХОВА ТА ЗАГАЛЬНА ОСВІТА ІНТЕРНОВАНОГО ВОЯЦТВА АРМІЇ УНР У ТАБОРІ СТШАЛКОВО, ПОЛЬЩА (СЕРПЕНЬ 1921 – 1922 рр.): ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ

The article deals with the peculiarities of military-professional and general education of interned Ukrainian soldiers in the Strzałkowo camp (August 1921 – 1922). Due to this, the top political leadership and command of the Army of the Ukrainian People’s Republic hoped to lay the foundations for a conscious understanding of state needs and the priority of national interests. The task of establishing military-professional and general education of the military in the Strzałkowo camp was entrusted to the camp’s cultural and educational department, which was to interact with similar structures of individual units. Due to the total lack of any resources for these needs in the State Center of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in exile, the activities of educational centers in the Strzałkowo camp were always marked by great difficulties, as a result, the work of most educational courses and schools was irregular, which usually worsened the very quality of knowledge of the campers. But despite this situation, the initiative minority of campers managed to ensure the activities of a number of schools and educational courses, giving the rest of the internees the opportunity to fill their camp existence with constructive content. A very significant contribution to the work of most of the camp’s cultural and educational centers was made by the American Charitable Organization YМСА, which spared no expense for most of the educational needs of the campers. Camp public organizations, whose members were involved in teaching work with the rest of the camp, also contributed to the intensification of educational work in Strzałkowo, and in addition made every effort to improve their own general education level. It is thanks to this combination that a large number of camp teachers were able to prepare for admission and study in higher education institutions in Poland and the Czechoslovak Republic, adapting to the conditions of emigration.

A Smart specialization strategy for sustainable development of regions

Changes in the global economy facilitated the creation of new strategies and models for socio-economic development of countries and areas. The transition to a digital technological level, the strengthened role of the civil society and the priority of national interests determine the necessity to search for tools to provide a sustainable and coordinated development of territories, creating a favorable economic, social and institutional environment and conditions for a well-balanced interaction of all participants on the market. One of the tools for highly effective transformations is social innovation, which has a huge socio-political transformative potential. The article presents the theoretical basis and the opportunities for practical implementation of the strategy for smart specialization of regions. It shows the application of helix models and social innovations in strengthening the socio-economic position of regions and increasing their competitiveness and sustainability.

Soil tillage and compost amendment promote bioremediation and biofertility of polluted area

Abstract The risk for human health and environment due to the presence in agricultural soils of organic and inorganic contaminants derived from illegal waste disposal, posed the need to develop a sustainable strategy for the restoration of soils with high agricultural potential. In this study an eco-compatible method as soil tillage and compost amendment was applied in two sites of a National Interest Priority Site of Campania Region (Italy) known as “Terra dei Fuochi”. After one year, the concentration of heavy hydrocarbons (C > 12) significantly reduced in a range from 84 to 95%, probably due to the aeration causing photo-oxidation processes and an improvement of microbial activity able to degrade organic pollutants. Although a reduction trend was observed, the potentially toxic elements (PTEs) concentration in soils was unmodified indicating a potential risk of plant uptake. The high-throughput sequencing approach used to explore the response of native microbial populations following in situ treatments showed that microbiota dynamic was differently affected in the two sites. Therefore, the characteristics of the sites could differently interact with compost determining a different microbial response. Alphaproteobacteria (incidence range of 14–18%), Actinobacteria (incidence range of 10–22%) and Sordariomycetes (incidence range of 23–57%) were the dominant autochthonous populations in all soils indicating their high adaptability to different environments and high resistance to environmental stress as well as their high potential in degradation of organic xenobiotic compounds. The remediation practices based on soil tillage and compost amendment promoted the restoration of the microbial biofertility of soils affected by spotted multi-contamination, to bring them back to agricultural use.

The new social-cultural order and new media in Kazakhstan

The development of mass communication is carried out in the era of the global digital revolution. The rapid development of information technologies, new media: the blogosphere, social networks, the transition to digital broadcasting in the 21st century, has made it necessary to understand the cultural and information processes in Kazakhstan. If the technical problems of communication have international similarity, then the issues of social content differ depending on the countries, on the historical, economic and cultural development, the nature of the socio-political system of society. New technological advances of the information revolution are complemented by new media opportunities: interactivity, multimedia, personalization of information, globalization, convergence, hypertext, speed, mobility, digitalization, multifunctionality.The formation of the information policy of Kazakhstan requires the priority of national interests, and the developing information and cultural space requires active integration into the near and far abroad. At the same time, modernization of the country can be successful while preserving the society’s identity in the context of globalization, which is achieved in the process of a certain balance between external and internal circumstances, between the impulse from outside and the internal potential of society to improve, in the development of the national telecommunications infrastructure with access to the world’s scientific and technological resources, technical information that can turn the supply of information of local origin to the global market.

Noteworthy records and ecological niche modeling of the rare and endangered Goldman’s diminutive woodratNelsonia goldmani(Rodentia: Cricetidae) endemic to central Mexican highlands

AbstractNelsonia goldmaniis an uncommon rodent, endemic to highland microhabitats in central Mexico. Few individuals have been reported in scarce localities after being discovered in 1903 resulting in a lack of knowledge about its geographic distribution and actual presence in its habitat; such situation makes this species of national interest priority for conservation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to summarize collecting records, confirm the presence of this species in the field and estimate its ecological niche. We searched specimens in biological collections, carried out an ecological niche modeling (ENM) analysis and looked for individuals ofN. goldmaniin the field over a 2-year period. Our results identified only 43 specimens in biological collections, whose collecting localities had not been reported previously. The ENM analysis showed that the environmental suitability areas for this species are restricted and isolated with an apparent lack of environmental connectivity. Regarding fieldwork, we collected only five individuals in two localities. The possible environmental specificity and the lack of sampling focused on specific microhabitats could explain the low detection of the species thus far. Further research is needed to plan conservation actions to protect its populations.

Comparative assessment of autochthonous bacterial and fungal communities and microbial biomarkers of polluted agricultural soils of the Terra dei Fuochi

Organic and inorganic xenobiotic compounds can affect the potential ecological function of the soil, altering its biodiversity. Therefore, the response of microbial communities to environmental pollution is a critical issue in soil ecology. Here, a high-throughput sequencing approach was used to investigate the indigenous bacterial and fungal community structure as well as the impact of pollutants on their diversity and richness in contaminated and noncontaminated soils of a National Interest Priority Site of Campania Region (Italy) called “Terra dei Fuochi”. The microbial populations shifted in the polluted soils via their mechanism of adaptation to contamination, establishing a new balance among prokaryotic and eukaryotic populations. Statistical analyses showed that the indigenous microbial communities were most strongly affected by contamination rather than by site of origin. Overabundant taxa and Actinobacteria were identified as sensitive biomarkers for assessing soil pollution and could provide general information on the health of the environment. This study has important implications for microbial ecology in contaminated environments, increasing our knowledge of the capacity of natural ecosystems to develop microbiota adapted to polluted soil in sites with high agricultural potential and providing a possible approach for modeling pollution indicators for bioremediation purposes.