Priority National Projects Research Articles

ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ НЕПРЕРЫВНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ СЕЛЬСКОЙ ШКОЛЫ

The article reveals the main directions of designing organizational and pedagogical support for rural schools in the context of the reform of professional education in the Russian Federation, based on the materials of « Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov», in the process of implementing the project « Scientific and pedagogical support of the teacher of a rural school in the system of continuous higher education». The goal of the project is to implement organizational, managerial, control and diagnostic conditions for the development of the continuous pedagogical education system to provide the population with affordable high-quality education involving the use of innovative, primarily digital network technologies, and the creation of a career guidance system. Project objectives: 1. Development of organizational and pedagogical infrastructure, information base and mobility of the continuous education system in the Republic of Kalmykia. 2. Preparing students in rural schools for a conscious choice of a profession, for obtaining pedagogical specialities. 3. Increasing the volume of the university's participation in the implementation of large-scale and socially significant federal and regional research and educational projects, significant scientific and applied problems. The project aims at increasing the social status and prestige of teacher labor, updating the content and structure of higher pedagogical education through the use of networked educational models; conducting targeted recruitment, creating conditions for rural youth to receive higher pedagogical education; providing the population of the Republic of Kalmykia with affordable high-quality modern education, involving the use of innovative, primarily digital, network technologies; an increase in the average USE score of students enrolled in undergraduate programs in the direction of «Pedagogical Education» is at least 70. The project provides for measures to create «growth points» in rural schools aimed at creating a system for identifying and supporting future teachers striving for self-actualization, self-realization, scientific pedagogical stimulation of improving educational performance, the activities of teachers in rural schools; the activities of the consortium «Evidence-based pedagogy» as the most important resource for the implementation of the priority national project «Education».

Реализация национальных проектов как фактор обеспечения благоприятных условий для саморазвития территориальных сообществ Крайнего Севера и Арктики

The article examines a number of aspects of the implementation of priority national projects in the context of their impact on the self-development of territorial communities of the Far North and the Arctic, as an essential element of systemic spatial regional development. Regional and municipal aspects of self-development of territorial communities of the Far North and the Arctic are largely associated with economic, social, educational, legal, cultural and other features of interaction between the public and public authorities at all levels, including through the implementation of state programs for the development of regions. The paper analyzes the specifics of national projects implemented in the Russian Federation at the level of a number of municipalities belonging to the regions of the North and the Arctic, including: a list of national projects in which the municipality participates; the main problems hindering the implementation of national projects; issues requiring priority attention from municipal authorities; an assessment of the implementation of each national project. The analysis made it possible to determine the prerequisites for the creation of effective mechanisms and tools for interaction between the government and society as a whole, which are based on state priorities related to the implementation of socially oriented development of the territories of the Far North and the Arctic and the achievement of national interests. It is established that the state has a high interest in the self-development of territorial communities, which in particular is implemented through a set of national projects aimed at providing conditions for scientific, technical and socio-economic territorial development, as well as the possibility of self-realization of each person locally and improving the quality of life of the population. It is concluded that, despite the obvious successes in the implementation of priority national projects, there are limitations associated with both objective and subjective reasons — insufficient funding, weak information support, management organization at both local and regional and federal levels.

Implementation of the National Project «Labor Productivity and Employment Support» in the Perm Region: Facts, Problems, Prospects

In the context of the reorientation of the Russian economy towards an innovative development path, the issue of increasing labor productivity has become an important part of state policy.Currently, the country is implementing a large-scale national project «Labor productivity and employment support». The implementation of the project approach to managing labor productivity for the Russian economy is of strategic priority, since its application helps to increase the efficiency of resource use, realize the goals of modernizing production, and stimulate innovation and export activities of domestic enterprises.The aim of the study is to consider the regional aspect of the implementation of the priority national project «Labor productivity and employment support» on the example of the Perm region. The methodological basis of the study are comparative, statistical and expert methods.The paper analyzes the implementation of the national project «Labor productivity and employment support» in the Perm region; presents the actual results of the project; formulates problems in the implementation of project activities; identifies the prospects of the Perm region in the context of setting higher targets for the regional project «Labor productivity and employment support» in comparison with the figures for Russia as a whole.The materials outlined in this article can deepen knowledge about the specifics of the implementation of the priority national project «Labor productivity and employment support» at the regional level, as well as be used to adjust the course implementation of a regional project aimed at improving productivity in the Perm region.

PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL PROJECTS IN THE REGION

The article examines the main problems of the implementation of national projects in the Republic of Dagestan. Meanwhile, it is emphasized that the implementation of the project approach for the Russian economy is of strategic importance, since its application contributes to the growth of the efficiency of resource use, the implementation of the goals of economic modernization. Priority national projects represent a public administration innovation introduced by the initiative of the President of the Russian Federation.

Financial Control over the Implementation of the “Megasience” Class Scientific Projects: Current State and Prospects of Improvement

The paper is devoted to financial control exercised over the implementation of “megasience” class scientific projects. In order to create an innovative economy, the State continues to develop research and development, in particular the creation of unique projects of the “megasience” class. Funding for such studies is usually carried out from budgets of various levels of the Russian Federation’s budgetary system as part of priority national projects or federal programs. Therefore, state financial control over the effective and targeted use of funds of the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation gains importance. The paper discusses the current conditions of state financial control over the implementation of scientific projects of the “megasience” class, defines the list of subjects possessing the powers of both internal and external state financial control, highlights their differences and characteristics. The author carries out the analysis of monitoring as one of the activities of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, where emphasis is made on budgetary monitoring. The paper analyzes problems and shortcomings in the implementation of state financial control over the scientific projects. It also describes the features of the current state of state financial control and highlights tendencies of its development and improvement.

Assessing Critical Success Factors for PPP Water Project in Indonesia: Lessons from West Semarang

A very low success rate of PPP infrastructure projects between 2005 and 2015 has encouraged the Indonesian government to adopt the BOT scheme as the main strategy to accelerate the progress. Although the National Government has attempted to amend the presidential regulations three times in a row, only one out of seven priority national water supply projects reached a financial close and started the project. Using Ameyaw and Chan’s theoretical framework (2016), this article examines the case of West Semarang as a leading example to improve understanding of the key success factors for successful PPP implementation in Indonesia’s drinking water supply sector. Multi- perspective data, incorporating views of national and local actors and relevant government documents, were analyzed for the purpose of this study. The findings highlight five critical success factors: Strong commitment from the contracting agency, as well as local and national government, experienced project partners, long-term capital, tangible political support, and the existence of Indonesia PPP Joint Office. Finally, recommendations to improve PPP implementation in drinking-water projects are suggested accordingly.

Statistical analysis of trends in agriculture of Russia during the implementation of state programs

The purpose of implementation of State programs in the agricultural sector of Russia, starting with the Priority national project for the development of the agro-industrial complex in 2006, is to create conditions for the transition of the processes of production and distribution of agricultural products to a qualitatively new level. Modern agriculture should be high-tech in order to meet the needs of the population for high-quality products and increase export potential while maintaining and expanding the resource base of industries, reducing dependence on imports of its elements. Based on the methods of grouping and analytical alignment of time series, studying the structure of the use of gross output and intermediate consumption of agriculture, this study identifies trends in the growth of agricultural production in the period from 2005 to 2019, the features of the contribution of regions to their formation, an increase in the level of marketability of products in accordance with the requirements of the market economy, the growth of exports of milk, meat and grain. At the same time, the preservation of the dependence of production on the import of seed, planting material, pedigree livestock, poultry, elements of information production technologies was noted, and it violates the principles of food security of the country as the main task of agricultural development.

STRUCTURAL MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTING PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN GOVERNMENT BODIES

The article considers that the theory and methodology of project management and project management are currently the basis of public administration in all developed countries. Within this area, national and international standards have been approved, and the relevant legislative framework has been formed. In Kazakhstan, the project management paradigm is also adopted at the state level. An example of this is the adoption of priority national projects "Affordable and comfortable housing", "Health", "Quality education", "development of the agroindustrial complex", which" permeate " all levels of government. In other words, the field of management, called "project Management" and "Project management", in the context of the transition to an innovative development model, becomes the subject of close attention of Kazakhstan scientists, specialists and managers of both commercial organizations and Executive authorities at all levels of government. The reason for this is the global recognition of project management as a modern philosophy of effective and efficient management.

The role of a multimedia textbook in the priority national project “education”

In the article, the authors consider the role of a multimedia textbook in modern education. The priority national project "Education" is being implemented in Russia - the creation and implementation of modern electronic textbooks is one of the priority concepts in this project. Electronic publications enhance interactive features such as modeling, surveys, discussions, and additional multimedia materials. Advantages of electronic textbooks: mobility, large capacity of information; the ability to constantly update content, without purchasing a new textbook and financial expenses; level of visibility: you can only put text, illustrations, diagrams and graphs in a printed publication, but you can also put animation in an electronic publication, which is convenient for visual display of academic subjects. The electronic textbook provides more opportunities for learning within the existing programs, as well as for the development and optimization of the educational process.

К ВОПРОСУ РАЗВИТИЯ КОЛЛЕКТИВНЫХ ФОРМ ХОЗЯЙСТВОВАНИЯ В САМАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ: ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ КООПЕРАТИВНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ

The concept of sustainable development of rural areas has set the tasks for the development of collective forms of farming in the countryside, the main of which are cooperatives. Developed agricultural cooperation is the most important mechanism for increasing production efficiency and social stability in society. It allows providing the population with high-quality food products of its own production, increasing the level of their income. However, activities of cooperative organizations are not covered fully enough, and activities themselves are poorly developed. Samara Oblast is one of the regions with a low development of supply, marketing and processing cooperation. At the same time, credit cooperation is developing quite actively here. The region’s administration pays attention to the development of cooperative organizations. Support is provided mainly in the form of subsidizing interest rates on loans under the State Development Program. Despite the measures taken by the regional government bodies, in recent years the region has seen a decrease in the number of agricultural consumer cooperatives. For more than twenty years, Russian agricultural cooperation has been developing in market conditions. This development is not going without problems. Heads of agricultural enterprises and of municipal districts understand that it is impossible to stabilize and increase the efficiency of the agricultural sector, to develop rural areas without the development of production cooperative organizations. Empirical material was obtained through surveying in order to form certain ideas about the rural residents’ awareness of the activities of cooperative organizations, of their involvement in the social life of the village and in the increasing of the population’s social activity. The results of the survey show that the respondents have little understanding of the activities of agricultural cooperatives. When asked about the awareness of their activities, every third respondent answered that he had heard something about cooperatives of the 1990s. For all the difficulties, the cooperative movement in the countryside is a condition for the successful promotion of food products produced by small forms of farming. Agricultural cooperation can become a serious force not only in achieving the individual goals of consumers, workers of the consumer cooperation system and shareholders, in strengthening their personal well-being and social security, but also in implementing national tasks, priority national projects, targeted programs, and ensuring the population’s employment.

ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ФИНАНСОВ ДОМАШНИХ ХОЗЯЙСТВ

According to national strategies, the innovative development of Russia should become a priority in all areas. In terms of finance, there is a contradictory picture, when certain sectors, primarily banking and taxation, are the national leaders in the use of innovative solutions, and such as household finance are significantly lagging behind. The article examines the economic potential of households, taking into account the current challenges in financial systems, and in addition, it is proposed to develop a unified national digital platform for the development of household finance. This will allow in the future, through the associated financial and social ecosystems, to integrate household finances into a variety of reproduction sectors of the national economy, investment programs and priority national projects.

Strategic planning toolkit in the social development of the regions of the north caucasus federal district

The article shows the need for strategic planning as an effective tool for solving social problems in the constituent entities of the North Caucasus Federal District. The regional strategies reveal the commonality of social goal-setting associated with the development of human potential and the growth of the quality of life, as well as particular specifics, reflecting the most acute life-supporting problems in the region. The work also demonstrates the low efficiency of state programs as a tool for implementing social priorities in the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District. Considering the status of the North Caucasus Federal District as a priority territory, it was proposed to make subprograms and design solutions in the context of federal projects dedicated exclusively to solving social problems in the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District in the section “New quality of life” in the state federal programs and in socially oriented priority national projects. To implement project activities in strategic planning and state programming in social practice in the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District, an organizational and supporting mechanism for the development and implementation of socially significant regional projects has been substantiated.

Dynamics of the number of cattle in the Republic of Tyva

This article discusses the dynamics of the number and distribution of cattle in all categories of farms and natural and climatic zones in the Republic of Tyva. The methodological basis of the research was based on systematization techniques, logical and comparative statistical analyses. Research information base were offi cial materials of the Ministry of agriculture and food of the Republic of Tyva on animal husbandry. The results of research indicate an increase in the number of livestock over the analyzed period (2015–2019) in the Republic as a whole by 1,14 times, while the majority of animals (135,8 thousand heads) are in the people. This is due to the implementation of the priority national project “Development of the agro-industrial complex” and state support provided under the program “Development of agriculture and regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food in the Republic of Tyva for 2014–2020”. It has been established that the number of cattle by 2019 reached 180 748 heads. The number of cattle in the regions of the Republic is unevenly distributed, which is due to diff erent climatic and pasture conditions. It has been revealed that the largest number of cattle is concentrated in the Kyzylsky (18,3 thousand heads), Dzun-Khemchiky (16,5 thousand heads), Barun-Khemchiky (15,3 thousand heads) and Bai-taiginsky (13,1 thousand heads) areas, which are included in the Central and Western natural and climatic zones of the Republic. These areas have favorable conditions for breeding animals; it is possible to have agisted stock for grazing throughout the winter. Pasture management is practiced in these farms.

Priority National Projects as a Tool of Social, Economic and Political Modernization of Old Industrial Regions of the South of Russia

Introduction. In the current political process in Russia, national projects occupy an important place, working as one of the main tools for the achievement of national goals. The projects are usually made more specific at the regional level of administration and include the strategic goal of regional development, the amount of resources allocated for their achievement, as well as the responsibility of the officials for their use. The article examines the impact of implementing national projects of the “first wave” (from 2006–2010 to 2018) and the first results of the projects of the “second wave” (designed for 2019–2024) on solving the problems of effectiveness growth of public administration of the balanced development of old industrial regions of Southern Russia – Volgograd and Rostov regions. The problems of this study are justified by the expansion of using program-targeted methods in the organizational environment of regional management, what implies the need to assess the compliance of the results achieved during the implementation of projects with the goals of state regional policy. Methodology and methods. The research methodology is based on the provisions of the concept of sustainable development, as well as the system paradigm of G.B. Kleiner devoted to the need for the interconnected development of the object, environment and control subsystems. In the study of the effectiveness of national projects and their impact on the balanced development of old industrial regions of the South of Russia, the effective approach and the comparative analysis method were used. Analysis. The study shows that the degree of involvement of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in implementing program activities of national projects is determined by the volumes of regional budgets, as well as the priorities facing a region. From the standpoint of sustainability and balance of regional development, there is a disagreement in the processes of modernization changes in the subsystems of the object, environment and management, what leads to the underutilization of the resource potential of the regions in the achievement of national goals. Results. The priorities of goal setting in Volgograd and Rostov regions in the implementation of national projects are studied. The feedbacks of the regional system to the measures mentioned in national projects, as well as limiting factors for the achievement of their objectives are identified. The idea of the coordinated development of the object, environment and management subsystems of a region for the effectiveness growth of public administration of the balanced regional development is substantiated. It is concluded that the administration and management of modern national projects is not so much a managerial task but rather a political one, and therefore their implementation implies the solution of such political goals as carefulness in setting goals and choosing priorities, building effective mechanisms of the interaction between federal and regional authorities, and also with local target population.

Financing national priority projects: interim results and implementation prospects

The areas of federal budget spending have always been in the focus of both experts and civil society. Based on the indicators of budget allocations in one direction or another, it is possible to judge about the priorities of state policy in the medium term. Beginning in 2019, priority national development goals were defined in the Russian Federation and relevant projects were developed as part of their implementation. This article considers the main indicators of financing national projects in 2020 and the planning period up to 2023, as well as indicators of their implementation. In addition, the impact of the COVID– 19 coronavirus pandemic on the future prospects for the implementation of priority national projects was discussed.

О необходимости применения современных инструментов менеджмента как основы повышения эффективности деятельности учреждений культуры

The present research featured official methods of efficiency assessment of cultural institutions. The existing system focuses on quantitative assessment and does not take into account the delayed social and economic effects associated with the quality of human capital. Therefore, the current system of indicators requires expansion. Cultural institutions acquire state or municipal support based on their compliance to efficiency criteria. The author analyzed the financial support provided for implementation of priority national projects. The amount of funds for the development of the cultural sphere appeared to be one of the smallest. The current global uncertainty and new challenges caused the budget funding focus to shift. Taking into consideration the growing variability of external environment, cultural institutions can become efficient only by using modern management tools. The author studied official approaches to assessing the efficiency of cultural institutions. The research objective was to justify the need to use modern management tools in order to increase the efficiency of cultural institutions. The study was based on the institutional approach, as well as the methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparison. The paper introduces some practical recommendations for the use of modern management tools and the application of national standards. The results can be of some interest to top management of cultural institutions. The author proposes systemic and process approaches for implementation of creative projects. She believes that PDCA methodology, benchmark and GAP analyses, and the method of key performance indicators will develop the dynamic capabilities of cultural institutions and increase their strategic flexibility in conditions of high external variability.

The influence of hereditary factors on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of milk

In the light of the requirements for the implementation of the priority national project “The Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex”, the accelerated development of the dairy cattle breeding industry in the coming years is one of the promising strategic directions of domestic production. For a long time, breeders were mainly engaged in increasing the milk yield of cows and increasing the mass fraction of fat in milk. As for the mass fraction of protein in milk, due attention was not paid to it, since there was no material interest in increasing this indicator, considering that milk during its sale was estimated by the total mass and the content of only the mass fraction of fat in it. This led to the fact that with a significant increase in milk yield and milk fat of cows, the fat-free solids content in milk decreased. However, since the amount of milk sugar and minerals in milk is practically unchanged, this decrease was due to the content of the mass fraction of protein in milk.

Роль приоритетных национальных проектов науки и образования в обеспечении экономической безопасности Российской Федерации

В представленной статье рассмотрены аспекты прямого участия науки и образования в процессе удержания экономической безопасности России. Производится оценка воздействия науки и образования на рост экономики, развитость потенциала знаний, наращивание трудовой производительности и, как следствие, рост благосостояния граждан. Определяются пути позитивного влияния внедрения приоритетных национальных проектов на совокупный комплекс прогресса науки, техники и технологий. Выделяется, что смежность категорий «наука» и «образование» выступает добавочным обстоятельством для обеспечения экономической безопасности. The article deals with the aspects of direct participation of science and education in the process of maintaining economic security in Russia. The impact of science and education on the growth of the economy, the development of knowledge potential, increasing labor productivity and, as a result, increasing the welfare of citizens is assessed. The ways of positive impact of the implementation of priority national projects on the overall complex of progress in science, technology and technology are determined. It is emphasized that the contiguity of the categories «science» and «education» is an additional circumstance for ensuring economic security.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ОРГАНЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В МЕХАНИЗМЕ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРИОРИТЕТНЫХ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ В ОБЛАСТИ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

The purpose of this article is to study and evaluate the current issues of involvement of state bodies of the Russian Federation in the implementation of priority national projects in the field of science and education. The factors that act as barriers to the maximum effective functioning of state agencies to implement measures within the framework of these projects are identified, and a set of measures to eliminate them is recommended.

On Legal Support of Priority National Projects

Priority national projects, being a fundamentally new institution of the country’s economic and social development, could not fully comply with the existing legal forms of financial planning and the budget process that have developed over the long previous periods. The implementation of priority national projects, especially in the regions and municipalities, causes frequent conflicts in the preparation and execution of budgets and government spending. We are dealing with a two-channel budgeting mechanism with insufficient linking of these channels to each other. The essence of the problems considered by the authors consists in ways of adapting new, modern forms of financial planning for socio-economic development, covered by priority national projects to the legal regime for drawing up, approving the federal and regional budgets provided for by the Budget Code of the Russian Federation and a number of other legislative acts and decisions of the Government of the Russian Federation. The authors of this publication set themselves several tasks. First task is to trace the origin of the idea of changes the economy and social sphere of Russia on the ground of the realization of national projects. Second task is to determine how the concept of national projects are reflected in modern Russian legislation. Thirdly is to answer the question what additional steps need to be taken in order to ensure decent legal support the implementation the national projects ideas. The authors studied a huge array of law documents, publications about national projects, used theoretical research of constitutional, administrative and financial law in order to solve the tasks posed above and get a valid result on the base of this paper.