Printing In Medicine Research Articles

Engineering 3D Printed Gummies Loaded with Metformin for Paediatric Use.

In today's pharmaceutical landscape, there's an urgent need to develop new drug delivery systems that are appealing and effective in ensuring therapeutic adherence, particularly among paediatric patients. The advent of 3D printing in medicine is revolutionizing this space by enabling the creation of precise, customizable, and visually appealing dosage forms. In this study, we produced 250 mg metformin paediatric gummies based on the semi-solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing technique. A pharmaceutical ink containing metformin was successfully formulated with optimal flow properties suitable for room-temperature printing. Using a quality by design approach, 3D printing and casting methodologies were compared. The 3D-printed gummies exhibited better firmness and sustained release at earlier times to avoid metformin release in the oral cavity and ensure palatability. The texture and physical appearance match those of gummies commercially available. In conclusion, SSE allowed for the successful manufacture of 3D-printed sugar-free gummies for the treatment of diabetes mellitus for paediatric patients and is an easily translatable approach to clinical practice.

3D printing traceability in healthcare using 3Diamond software

Background3D printing is one of the fastest-growing technologies in medicine, but it is essential to have a system for 3D printing documentation that is accessible for not only clinical engineers and surgeons, but also quality managers and data-privacy officers in hospitals. Dedicated software such as product lifecycle management (PLM) software could enable comprehensive management and traceability of all data relevant to 3D printing tasks in a hospital and would highly beneficial. Therefore, customizable software called 3Diamond was developed for 3D printing in medicine. MethodsThe software development process involved several stages, including setting specifications based on end-user requirements, design, implementation, and testing. In order to ensure the software's long-term success and smooth operation, critical phases were also considered, such as deployment and maintenance. ResultsThe developed software provides immediate and complete traceability of all preparations and controls, as well as management of reports, orders, stock, and post-operative follow-up of tasks related to 3D printing in a hospital. Based on user requirements, software testing is provided automatically with each release. The software was implemented in a natural clinical environment with a developed 3D printing center. ConclusionAlthough 3D printing has potential for innovation in the medical profession, it is nevertheless subject to regulations. Even though there are exemptions for patient-specific products, the effects of their local legal implementations related to 3D printing cannot be fully overseen. To this end, 3Diamond provides a robust system for 3D printing documentation that is accessible to different personnel in hospitals.

Development of the 3D printing market and its application in medicine


 
 
 According to forecasts and predictions by leading analyst firms, several million 3D printers were expected to be sold annually by 2020, with consumer devices in virtually every home being the driving force.
 This article aims to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) of various applications of 3D printing in medicine. The author based his considerations on Polish and foreign literature, studying scientific articles and electronic sources. The analysis included a review of literature and online sources from 2012–2023. The author used the following professional, academic databases to gather scientific literature: Library of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Emerald, Emis Intelligence, Passport, and Statista.
 This article defines the concept of 3D printing, presents the development of the 3D printing market, and indicates market trends and applications of 3D printing in medicine.
 The analysis made it possible to determine the extent of the phenomenon and to identify the main trends that are observed in the field and environment studied.
 
 

Rapid Prototyping Technologies: 3D Printing Applied in Medicine.

Three-dimensional printing technology has been used for more than three decades in many industries, including the automotive and aerospace industries. So far, the use of this technology in medicine has been limited only to 3D printing of anatomical models for educational and training purposes, which is due to the insufficient functional properties of the materials used in the process. Only recent advances in the development of innovative materials have resulted in the flourishing of the use of 3D printing in medicine and pharmacy. Currently, additive manufacturing technology is widely used in clinical fields. Rapid development can be observed in the design of implants and prostheses, the creation of biomedical models tailored to the needs of the patient and the bioprinting of tissues and living scaffolds for regenerative medicine. The purpose of this review is to characterize the most popular 3D printing techniques.

Recent Advancements in 3-D Printing in Medical Applications

The field of three-dimensional (3D) printing has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, and its potential for revolutionizing medical applications is rapidly emerging. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state and scope of 3D printing in the medical field. The review begins by highlighting the various 3D printing technologies currently employed in healthcare settings, including stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, and inkjet printing. Each technology's advantages and limitations are discussed, shedding light on their suitability for different medical applications. Next, the review delves into the diverse range of medical applications where 3D printing has shown promise. These applications include the fabrication of patient-specific anatomical models for preoperative planning, surgical guides and tools, customized implants and prosthetics, tissue engineering scaffolds, and drug delivery systems. The potential benefits of using 3D printing in these areas, such as enhanced surgical accuracy, improved patient outcomes, reduced surgery time, and personalized medicine, are explored. Furthermore, the review addresses the challenges and limitations associated with implementing 3D printing in medical settings. These challenges include regulatory concerns, standardization of processes, material biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, and scalability. The ongoing efforts to overcome these barriers and the future directions of 3D printing in medicine are also discussed. In conclusion, 3D printing holds immense potential for transforming various aspects of medical practice. While considerable progress has been made, there are still challenges to be addressed before widespread adoption can be achieved. With continued research and development, coupled with regulatory support and collaboration between academia, industry, and healthcare professionals, 3D printing is poised to International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM) Volume: 07 Issue: 07 | July - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930 © 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM24845 | Page 2 make a substantial impact in the field of medicine, improving patient care and treatment outcomes. Key words: Additive manufacturing (AM); Bio-medical; Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM); Selective Laser Sintering (SLS); Stereolithography (SLA); Digital Light Processing (DLP); Binder Jetting; Material Jetting; Direct Energy Deposition (DED).

Application of 3D Printing in Medicine: Technologies and Challenges

Application of 3D Printing in Medicine: Technologies and Challenges

Application of 3D Printing in Medicine: Technologies and Challenges

Application of 3D Printing in Medicine: Technologies and Challenges

The possibilities of using 3D printing in pharmaceutical industry

This article discusses the possibilities of using 3D printing technologies in the pharmaceutical industry, including concrete examples that are already applied in practice. The advantages and problems that arise with active spread of these technologies are described. In addition, after the emergence of any new technology, its introduction into social and public life is crucial, therefore, this article provides specific examples of the legal status and regulation of 3D printed products and discusses its general principles. The importance of the development of 3D printing in the medical and pharmaceutical industries is highlighted from various perspectives, including medical and economic ones. This article is devoted to the use of 3D printing technology for medical purposes. It considers the potential of using 3D printing in various pharmaceutical fields. The paper describes some examples of various applications of 3D printing in medicine and examines the advantages and disadvantages of this technology. Finally, we suggest a prognosis for the future use of 3D printing in medicine and the principles of designating its legal status, with specific examples.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ 3D-МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ В ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИИ

Today the development of 3D technologies, the spread and improvement of 3D printers, as well as the development and application of new printing materials have contributed to the widespread introduction of 3D printing in medicine. There are many options for using 3D technologies, however, one of the most commonly used areas is preoperative planning. Modern imaging techniques are an important component of the preoperative stage in surgical practice. Using a personalized 3D model the surgeon in detail works out on it the optimal surgical approach, the most important stages of the upcoming operation, taking into account the individual anatomical features of the structure of the area of interest. The realism and practical significance of the operation on a 3D model is achieved due to the complete identity of the area of surgical interest with the patient's organs on a 1:1 scale. The purpose of this review was to present up-to-date information on the possibilities and prospects of using 3D printing in planning surgical interventions in otorhinolaryngology, using 3D modeling technologies in teaching students at the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases of Belarusian State Medical University. Thus, the prospects for 3D technologies are very large-scale, and they will undoubtedly become one of the most dynamic areas in medicine in the future.

Designing and making an open source, 3D-printed, punctal plug with drug delivery system.

With the advancement in the study of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and the scope of its treatment, punctal plugs are being widely used for the therapeutic management of dry eye disease. With the emergence of 3D printing in medicine, 3D printing of punctal plugs that have an inbuilt drug delivery system and also that can be personalized from patient to patient according to their punctum size can be a great therapeutic option. Another benefit of the device is that its printing takes a short period of time and is cost-effective. This study aimed at making an open source design and 3D printing an efficient model of a punctal plug with an inbuilt drug delivery system that can be eventually used for the treatment of various ocular diseases that require frequent drug instillation or blockage of the nasolacrimal pathway. The 3D design for the punctal plug was made using the open source application, FreeCAD, and slicing was done using the application ChituBox. After that, the plugs were printed using the LCD printer Crealty LD-002R. The material used was resin that was compatible with the Crealty LD-002R. Punctal plugs with satisfactory results were printed using the LCD printer. The punctal plugs showed suitable structure and were also easily reproduced in the 3D printer without any complications or setbacks.

3D printing and medicine

In modern conditions, the possibilities of using 3D printing in medicine are expanding, and it occupies about 11% of the global additive manufacturing market. At the Kirov Military Medical Academy and the ERA Military Innovation Technopolis, 3D printing is used for training, preoperative planning, the creation of splints, the manufacture of non-invasive functional products, and the creation of COVID-19 prevention aids.
 In order to determine the prospects for development, foreign experience in the use of 3D printing in medicine has been studied over the past 5 years.
 It is established that a register of clinical data on 3D printing is being created for training, 3D models are being printed to simulate tissue resistance during surgery. With the help of preoperative planning, Siamese twins are separated, doctors are trained in surgical operations on 3D models of elastic resin feet, cardiological models are used to predict the risk of complications during transcatheter implantation of an artificial aortic valve, as well as rehearsals of operations with congenital heart anomalies. Individual implants are manufactured for the lumbar and cervical spine, replacement of the damaged area of the chest and rib, finger phalanges, hip and knee replacements. As auxiliary products, individual surgical instruments for operations with low trauma, orthopedic insoles, elastic stents for the urethra and mesh stents of the trachea are created. New materials made of polyamide (PA11), polyesteresterketone, titanium alloys, absorbable polymer and biocompatible resin are offered for 3D printing. There are new 3D printing software and updates of existing ones. Personalized braces and aligners are printed in dentistry. With the help of 3D printing, individual multi-layered polytablets, smart tablets that release medicinal substances on command from a smartphone, childrens chewing tablets are created. For research purposes, the following devices have been printed: simulating cardiac tissue with sensors to track the effects of drugs and toxins; predicting the individual response of the biopsy tumor material to treatment; diagnosing some infectious diseases using a smartphone and a silicon microfluidic chip.
 The use of 3D printing in medicine individualizes and improves the quality of medical care.

Low-Cost Cranioplasty-A Systematic Review of 3D Printing in Medicine.

The high cost of biofabricated titanium mesh plates can make them out of reach for hospitals in low-income countries. To increase the availability of cranioplasty, the authors of this work investigated the production of polymer-based endoprostheses. Recently, cheap, popular desktop 3D printers have generated sufficient opportunities to provide patients with on-demand and on-site help. This study also examines the technologies of 3D printing, including SLM, SLS, FFF, DLP, and SLA. The authors focused their interest on the materials in fabrication, which include PLA, ABS, PET-G, PEEK, and PMMA. Three-dimensional printed prostheses are modeled using widely available CAD software with the help of patient-specific DICOM files. Even though the topic is insufficiently researched, it can be perceived as a relatively safe procedure with a minimal complication rate. There have also been some initial studies on the costs and legal regulations. Early case studies provide information on dozens of patients living with self-made prostheses and who are experiencing significant improvements in their quality of life. Budget 3D-printed endoprostheses are reliable and are reported to be significantly cheaper than the popular counterparts manufactured from polypropylene polyester.

THE EVOLUTION OF 3D PRINTING IN SURGICAL FIELD

The 3D Printing technology is a relatively modern technology, which since its appearance in 1983, had an important and constant development. In the past decade 3D printing became more and more integrated in different areas of expertise, particularly due to an increasing level of accessibility by decreasing the prices of 3d printing machines and also due to the expansion of what used to be a niche market for 3d printing materials. Thus, 3D printing quickly became a powerful tool for areas such as medicine, automotive, airspace industry, product design, weapons industry, etc. This article approaches the role and evolution of 3D printing in medicine and how this technology is set to revolutionize medical practice by pushing it further and further, in order to reach the ideal personalized, predictive and increase safety medical treatment.

The Future of 3D Printing in Medicine

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has provided individuals in various industries with a tool to bring their creations to life. The medical field is no stranger to 3D printing, which has been utilized in various applications since its inception. The various additive technologies currently available to elucidate the differences between them will be discussed briefly. The current applications of 3D printing in medicine could be divided into applications in medical education, patient care, equipment modification or fabrication, and research. The various applications in these categories are described with examples of upcoming research and technology that may be available in the near future. Despite the benefits of 3D printing, challenges remain, and technology improvements are required before there will be more adoption in the medical field. The technology is growing rapidly and evolving, and more 3D printing applications will be seen in the future.

3D Printing—Presurgical Precision Planning for Complex Robotic Myomectomy

Three-dimensional (3D) printing in medicine is increasingly being incorporated [1]. We report the first case from India using a 3D model for presurgical planning of robotic myomectomy in a 31-year-old woman with heavy menstrual bleeding, dysmenorrhea, urinary frequency, and anemia for 6 months. Irregular, firm abdominal mass of 32 weeks size with multiple myomas was noted. She requested uterine conservation. Identification and removal of all myomas during myomectomy was challenging because of multiple, oddly located myomas.

3D Printing in medicine: Technology overview and drug delivery applications

The concept of tailored medicine for individual patients have been around for a while but recently earned much attention. Great interest is given to 3D printing technology due to its immense application potential in the pharmaceutical industry and other health care sectors. 3D printing technology involves Layer-by-layer fabrication of 3Dgra objects from digital designs. This review gives a detailed yet much-focused discussion about 3D printing technology, the outline of 3D printing-based drug delivery technology its application in the pharmaceutical product development process. Based on the method of material layering, 3D printers are generally inkjet, extrusion, or laser-based systems. This review discusses the different types of 3D printers and their applications in different areas of drug delivery. A selection of recent researches carried out in the field of pharmaceutical 3D printing for drug delivery applications is also included. In addition to the promising opportunities, the review discusses the technical and regulatory challenges that slow down the implementation of such technology in the pharmaceutical and health care sector and the suggested measures to overcome such challenges.

4480 Full STEM Ahead: An Innovative Approach to Translate Science into the School-community

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To provide a translation of health sciences and research to a low-income population and elevate the role of science in personal health and career pathways through the implementation of a STEM-focused, researcher-led, school-community event. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Through a strong school district partnership, families from two urban, low-income, high-minority middle schools were invited to attend an academic-community event entitled, Full STEM Ahead in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Thirty-five Penn State and community partners engaged participants in discovery-focused learning through activity stations. Topic areas included: 3D printing in medicine, herd immunity, HPV cancer prevention, lung health, and germ prevention. Evaluation data from participants and organizational partners was collected to assess process outcomes and qualitative feedback. This event was part of a randomized controlled trial to improve attitudes toward adolescent vaccination. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Seventy-four parents and students participated in the two-hour event. Evaluation data indicated that 100% of participants who completed the evaluation rated the event as “good” or “excellent” and agreed that they “learned something new.” Specific qualitative feedback indicated that participants enjoyed the STEM information and various learning activities offered. School district leadership hopes to continue the partnership to host the event in future years and expand to other schools, offering an opportunity for academic-community collaboration. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This event was an innovative approach to connect low-income communities with science and potentially effective in engaging participants in learning. Similar opportunities should be explored to bridge the gap between research and community engagement, especially to increase research awareness.

What would you like to print? Students' opinions on the use of 3D printing technology in medicine.

BackgroundRecent advances in 3D printing technology, and biomaterials are revolutionizing medicine. The beneficiaries of this technology are primarily patients, but also students of medical faculties. Taking into account that not all students have full, direct access to the latest advances in additive technologies, we surveyed their opinion on 3D printing and education in this area. The research aimed to determine what knowledge about the use of 3D printing technology in medicine, do students of medical faculties have.MethodsThe research was carried out in the form of a questionnaire among 430 students of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland) representing various fields of medicine and health sciences. The questions included in the survey analyzed the knowledge of the respondents for 3D printing technology and the opportunities it creates in medicine.ResultsThe results indicate that students do have knowledge about 3D printing obtained mainly from the internet. They would be happy to deepen their knowledge at specialized courses in this field. Students appreciated the value of 3D printing in order to obtain accurate anatomical models, helpful in learning. However, they do not consider the possibility of complete abandonment of human cadavers in the anatomy classes. Their knowledge includes basic information about current applications of 3D printing in medicine, but not in all areas. However, they have no ethical doubts regarding the use of 3D printing in any form. The vast majority of students deemed it necessary to incorporate information regarding 3D printing technology into the curriculum of different medical majors.ConclusionThis research is the first of its kind, which allows for probing students' knowledge about the additive technologies in medicine. Medical education should be extended to include issues related to the use of 3D printing for medical applications.

Numerical and experimental analysis of the 3D printed multi-material ankle-foot orthosis

The application of 3D printing in medicine is the major area to concern in the nearest future. Namely, it is convenient to additively manufacture the Ankle-Foot Orthosis (AFO) by fused-deposition modeling 3D printer. AFO is the device, used in medicine, to help the patients rehabilitate from the foot drop disease. The shape of the AFO may vary depending on the leg and foot specifications of the patient. In this paper, three models of the AFO were designed to analyze both numerically and experimentally, those are fracture propagation, stress distribution, and deformation. The regions with the highest stress concentration were altered with the Nylon 12, and this contributed to stress reduction. Three different gait instances were considered for the numerical simulations FEA software. Then, the simplest model to prototype and its modified versions were tested by the compression machine, and the results were compared with the numerical ones. This work demonstrated the significance of the optimization of the multi-material 3D printed AFO’s performance and comfort for patients.

3D Printing in Medicine for Preoperative Surgical Planning: A Review.

The aim of this paper is to review the recent evolution of additive manufacturing (AM) within the medical field of preoperative surgical planning. The discussion begins with an overview of the different techniques, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages as well as an in-depth comparison of different characteristics of the printed parts. Then, the state-of-the-art with respect to preoperative surgical planning is presented. On the one hand, different surgical planning prototypes manufactured by several AM technologies are described. On the other hand, materials used for mimicking different living tissues are explored by focusing on the material properties: elastic modulus, hardness, etc. As a result, doctors can practice before performing surgery and thereby reduce the time needed for the operation. The subject of patient education is also introduced. A thorough review of the process that is required to obtain 3D printed surgical planning prototypes, which is based on different stages, is then carried out. Finally, the ethical issues associated with 3D printing in medicine are discussed, along with its future perspectives. Overall, this is important for improving the outcome of the surgery, since doctors will be able to visualize the affected organs and even to practice surgery before performing it.