Principles Of State Regulation Research Articles

Analysis of technological conditions for the formation and burnout of carcinogenic pahs in boiler flue gases

THE PURPOSE. The necessity of establishing emission standards for highly toxic substances with carcinogenic properties in the context of the implementation of new principles of state regulation of environmental protection activities at energy enterprises is substantiated and confirmed. The analysis of the features of the formation and burnout of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the flue gases of boilers during the combustion of coals in lowtemperature conditions of the furnace process is carried out. Based on the analysis, the total and partial indicators of the harmfulness of flue gases were calculated in order to assess and predict the overall toxicity of coal combustion products, taking into account the contribution of carcinogenic substances.METHODS. When calculating the overall toxicity of flue gases, a systematic analysis and generalization of experimental data on the content of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the combustion products of low-power boilers was applied.RESULTS. As a result of the performed study, the contribution of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons to the overall toxicity of boiler flue gases during the combustion of Azeysky, Mugunsky, Cheremkhovsky and Tugnuy coal was determined. It is shown that substances such as benz(a)pyrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and phenanthrene significantly affect the level of the total indicator of the harmfulness of combustion products from 38.8 to 53.6%.CONCLUSION. The obtained research results can be applied at energy enterprises at the stage of substantiating the introduction of regime-technological and environmental measures in order to develop measures to improve environmental efficiency through technological rationing of carcinogenic emissions.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ И ПОДДЕРЖКА ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ СТРУКТУР КАК ФАКТОР ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ТЕРРИТОРИИ

Scientific approaches to the need for state regulation and support of economic structures in the context of modern instability are considered. The concretization of the goals and objectives of the state's impact on economic processes is carried out. The attention is focused on the preferred application of economic regulation measures, as the most relevant and effective in the context of the sanctions policy and the restrictions imposed. The fallacy of the opinion about the effectiveness of state support for market participants by increasing the amount of allocated financial resources has been proven. The principles of state regulation are proposed, the adherence to which, according to the authors, on the one hand, does not contradict the norms of the market, on the other hand, it will have a positive effect.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ АГРОПРОМЫШЛЕННЫМ КЛАСТЕРОМ

The article discusses the issues of improving the management of the agro-industrial cluster, which is a condition for increasing the efficiency of its production and financial activities. In the domestic economic literature, it is customary to distinguish between 3 types of clusters, each of which emphasizes a particular priority of its functioning. We consider the third type of cluster – industry clusters – large-scale associations, defined in relation to any main industry (agro-industrial, chemical clusters, etc.). Research shows that the process of development or lagging of the economy, including the agricultural sector, is not accidental, but is determined by the quality of the management system. The regional agro-industrial complex management system is one of the main elements of the entire agro-industrial complex management system, the essence of which is to establish the optimal ratios of individual blocks, modules of the production vertical and structural horizontal. The functioning of these blocks of management of the regional agro-industrial complex is based on a rational combination of integration and cooperation in the agricultural sector, integrated information systems, price and financial-credit mechanisms, budgetary support and investments. In the pro- posed model of management of the regional agro-industrial complex on the principles of state regulation, the priority role belongs to state bodies, which allows, in modern conditions, to establish intersectoral and interregional ties. When preparing progressive models of agro-industrial complex management, developers should take into account the following factors: climatic and economic, the specifics of the development of the region (country, federal district, constituent entity of the Russian Federation, municipal formation); management level; provision of labor resources and their quality characteristics; the readiness of the subjects and objects of management to perceive this model; financial, logistical and other capabilities, etc.

The system of methods of state regulation in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity by subsoil users in modern Russia

The article analyses the norms of the current Russian legislation on state regulation of entrepreneurial relations, as well as the norms of subsoil legislation, defining the ways of state regulation in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity by subsoil users. The author also carried out a comparison of the specified norms of the Russian legislation with the norms of the Model Code on subsoils and subsoil use and the Model Law “About enterprise”. Based on this analysis, proposals for improving the subsoil legislation to form a system of methods of state regulation in the field of entrepreneurial activity by subsoil users in modern Russia were formulated. In particular, it should be supplemented such ways of public organization of entrepreneurship in the sphere of subsoil use, as creation of a special management body in the field of state support of industrial and innovative activity; as well as fixation of norms on technical regulation, on the basis of tax regulation, on measures to support small and medium entrepreneurship in the sphere of subsoil use at the level of law. It is advisable to strengthen the Law of the Russian Federation “On Subsoil” with the legislative principles of state regulation in the sphere of subsoil use. It seems necessary to supplement the tasks of state regulation on the implementation of state policy on scientific and technological development in accordance with the new constitutional provisions on the establishment of a federal policy framework in the field of scientific and technological development.

Theoretical foundations and principles of development of various forms of management in the agricultural sector of Russia in the new economic reality

The article examines and systematizes the basic principles of the development of various forms of management in the agricultural sector of Russia in the new economic reality. In this paper, special attention is paid to the principles of the development of integrated agricultural formations, the vector of which is aimed at the accelerated provision of food independence of the country and the implementation of an export-oriented strategy. In the framework of the present article, the above principles have been modified to reflect new economic reality and augmented the next group of principles of formation and development of various forms of management in the agricultural sector APK: mezhvedomstvennoi and complexity, the scientific justification for the introduction of technology, optimality and adequacy of the amount of state support, individual approach and differentiation of measures of state support, depending on the form of management and type of reproduction. It is proved that the principles of state regulation act in the conditions of the new economic reality as a set of objective economic laws, rules of conscious state support of socio-economic processes in the agro-industrial complex, which determine the directions of development of economic entities.

Information and analytical providion of budget support of institutional sectors of the economy (on the example of the agricultural sector of Ukraine)

The aim of the article is to study the information support of the institutional field and state regulation of agricultural development of Ukraine through the analysis of current strategies and tools and programs of state support. The relevance of the study is due to the significant increase in the role of state support for key sectors of the economy in a systemic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic COVID-19 and restrictive quarantine measures. Limitation of budget funds implies an urgent need for their most rational use, identifying trends and areas of which this study is devoted. The research methodology is based on comparative analysis, economic and mathematical modeling, methods of assessing the effectiveness of budget programs, the use of analytical surveys, statistics on self-assessment of agribusiness and data from independent news agencies on the effectiveness of government regulation. The information base is the regulatory framework for state support of the agricultural sector, analytical studies on budget support for the agricultural sector and budget expenditures for agricultural development were based on official data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine. The study analyses some components of the Strategy for the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine, the Concept of development of farms and agricultural cooperation for 2018-2020, the project and the place of state support in its regulation. The dynamics of state support for 2016-2019 is shown, the main factors of influence are characterized and the dynamics of state support of the agricultural sector of Ukraine evaluated according to the OECD (Organization of economic cooperation and development) methodology is given. An analysis of the expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine in 2020 on agricultural and rural development is carried out. The given research can be used at formation of current programs of budgetary support of branch, development of concepts of sustainable development of separate forms of managing – farms and peasant farms, adjustment of strategic plans, formation of their key indicators for monitoring and for increase methodological bases and principles of state regulation and other institutional factors of agricultural finance.

Classification of State Regulation Principles in the Field of Air Transport

It has been established that the principles of state regulation in the field of air transport can be defined as an objectively determined set of basic requirements, rules and standards, compliance with which is ensured by state coercive force, which are key guidelines for streamlining with the use of regulatory measures of public and legal relations between subjects and objects of aviation activity and provision of aviation services.
 It has been offered to classify these principles according to the following criteria: 1) direction of state regulation (in the field of air transport, in the field of airports and civil airfields activities, in the field of using aircraft, in the sphere of organization of air traffic and airspace, in the field of ensuring public order and safety in air transport, in the field of training aviation personnel); 2) scope of activity (general and special).
 It has been offered to include the rule of law, legality, economic validity (feasibility), adequacy, efficiency, balance of state influence (combination of legal and economic means of regulatory influence), predictability and transparency into the general principles of state regulation in the field of air transport. The content of these principles has been characterized.
 The significance and peculiarities of the observance of special principles of state regulation in the field of air transport (creation of equal conditions for the development of economic activity of air transport enterprises, social orientation, stimulation of national air producers, safety of air transportation, priority of environmental needs, principle of technical support) have been revealed.
 It has been concluded that the compliance with the principles of state regulation in the field of air transport will create a fundamental basis for sustainable development of the entire sector, introduce effective conditions for a free and competitive market of air services and air transportation in Ukraine, and ensure Ukraine’s participation in large international transport projects and complex international programs with preferential funding conditions. It has been offered to supplement the Air Code of Ukraine with the Art. 41 “Purpose, objectives and principles of state regulation in the field of air transport of Ukraine”.

ВОПРОСЫ ЭЛАСТИЧНОСТИ НАЛОГОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНА В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ

The article presents materials of theoretical and empirical research on important elements and components of the state regulation system, in particular, on the country’s tax system. The main functions and significance of the elements of the country’s tax system, and their effectiveness in increasing the transparency of tax mechanisms are considered. Attention is drawn to the theoretical and methodological foundations and approaches to the formation of an adequate tax policy of the country, taking into account globalization and new challenges. The coefficient of elasticity of taxes in Azerbaijan for 2010-2018 was calculated, reflecting the degree of dependence of income from taxes in relation to changes at the macroeconomic level and associated with the efficiency of the functioning of the entire state as a whole. The importance of improving the existing approaches and principles of state regulation in the direction of improving the mechanisms of the tax system is substantiated. The need to update the existing fiscal instruments, taking into account the priority goals and objectives of the country’s tax strategy, was emphasized. The importance of accelerating targeted measures to ensure maximum transparency of the tax environment is disclosed and argued. The principal approaches and criteria for increasing the responsibility of taxpayers have been studied and summarized. Possible directions of ensuring the growth of tax revenues to balance the income and expenditure side of the country’s budget are analyzed. A number of important criteria for stabilizing the economy through tax mechanisms are noted: diversification of the tax base; modernization of practiced fiscal mechanisms and instruments; improvement of fiscal components in accordance with new challenges. The study examined the key issues of increasing the efficiency of government regulation in the tax area. The priority tasks of the fiscal authorities and the importance of strengthening the activities of the country’s tax services in the context of the global coronavirus pandemic are described. Suggestions and recommendations were given on the issues of improving the tax system of Azerbaijan in modern conditions.

Quality management of electric energy and compensation of reactive power in the electric power system by means of stimulating tariffs

The article noted that feed-in tariffs are effective enough to attract consumers to participate in the process of improving power quality and reactive power compensation. It is shown that the application of premiums and discounts must not modify the revenues of the budget of ESO. Otherwise there is a contradiction to the principles of state regulation of tariffs for services of natural monopolies. In this case, legal barriers do not allow to use the model in practice. The proposed criteria that must be considered in the development and approval of the scale of discounts and allowances to ensure the legal purity of the incentive rate, to avoid its cancellation, as it was in 2000. Then, the proposed mechanism of discounts and allowances with the support of the Antimonopoly service and the Ministry of justice of the Russian Federation was cancelled as violating the principles of state regulation of tariffs in the conditions of the natural monopoly position of the network organization.

ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATION OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION SERVICE SECTOR OF UKRAINE


 
 
 The article deals with the sphere of services of water supply and sanitation of Ukraine as an object of public administration and regulation. The meaning of the notions "drinking water", "drinking water supply", "centralized water supply", "wastewater (sanitation)" and others are provided. The composition of water supply and sanitation services is analyzed. The questions of surface wastewater (water received and collected in the form of atmospheric precipitation), which are not included in the list of water supply and sanitation services, are considered. Modern models of management of enterprises of water supply and sanitation in Ukraine are considered, the overwhelming majority of which is direct communal management. The legal status and features of water supply and sanitation companies of communal property are determined. The peculiarities of realization of public-private partnership in the field of water supply and wastewater are considered, examples of existing lease / concession agreements of water supply and sanitation facilities are given. The legal principles of state regulation of the activities of water supply and sanitation enterprises and regulatory measures are considered. The legal principles and features of the state tariff policy in the field of water supply and wastewater are determined. The issues of quality of water supply and sanitation services, consumer rights protection and environmental regulation in the field of water supply and wastewater are considered.
 
 

Протекционистские и либеральные принципы государственного регулирования зернового рынка и внешней торговли зерновыми культурами

Протекционистские и либеральные принципы государственного регулирования зернового рынка и внешней торговли зерновыми культурами

DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL PROGRAMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN ENTERPRISES WITH ORGANIC PRODUCTION ON THE BASIS OF THE EUROPEAN AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

The objective of the article is to identify the problems of the development of organic agrarian production in Ukraine, to determine its resources, directions and instruments of state regulation and support (including on the basis of advanced European and world experience), as well as the preparation of regional development and improvement programs. Methodology. While the study, general scientific methods of scientific knowledge, as well as special methods of economic research were used. Monographic and historical methods were used in the analysis of stages of the formation and development of organic enterprises. Methods of problem-targeted approach, business planning, and investment planning were used in the preparation of organic farming and organic products development programs. Results. The article reveals the main results, trends, and problems in the development of organic agrarian production in Ukraine. There are presented positive examples of realization and distribution of its European and world experience, including on the principles of state regulation. Features, forms, and directions of state support of enterprises with organic production are determined. Means of its improvement were substantiated. The available and potential resources of the prospective development of organic production are determined. Regional programs of implementation of proposals have been developed on the example of Kherson region. Practical importance. It lies in the possibility of introducing the results in the organic enterprises of the country, in the bodies of management and regulation of agricultural production, in decisions of the rural communities on the development of organic production and organic products market, preservation of agrarian resources, environment, employment of rural residents. Scientific novelty. The state programs of organic production development are grounded on the basis of strengthening their regional, informational, and advisory components.

STATE REGULATION OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN CONSTRUCTION SECTOR OF UKRAINE

Topicality. The volumes of investments into the Ukrainian economy remain low due to the unfavorable investment climate, which is created due to imperfect legislative framework, undeveloped stock market and financial and credit system, strong tax pressure, inefficient use of depreciation, significant level of shadowing, and also low level of transformation of population savings in investments, uneven distribution of investments, both among priority, strategically important branches, and between regions of Ukraine. This leads to the conclusion about the need to improve the state regulation of investment activity in the construction sector of Ukraine, taking into account the experience of developed countries. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical, methodological and practical applications, which should justify the implementation of state regulation of investment development of the construction industry on the basis of defining the general purpose in the form of activating sustainable innovation and investment development and strategic and tactical implementation measures with horizontal and vertical links types and taking into account the mutual influence of construction and other types of economic activity. Research results. The unsatisfactory situation in the country's construction industry is the result of serious system failures in the strategy of its development. The most pressing problem remains the development of a strategy that will greatly contribute to the intensification of sustainable innovation and investment development of the construction complex through the implementation of the following main development goals: ensuring a sufficiently high rate of economic development of the construction complex through efficient investment activities; stimulating the introduction of innovations and information technologies; improvement of approaches to state regulation of investment and construction processes. Measures to implement these main objectives are to increase the financial stability and solvency of the enterprises of the construction complex in the process of investment activity; an increase in the volume of finished construction products by defrosting unfinished objects; technological reorganization with the predominant use of combined production; increase of energy and economic efficiency; diversification of sources of financing of the industry; intensification of investment and construction processes in housing construction; development of public-private partnership. Conclusions. The proposed scientific principles of state regulation of investment activity in the Ukrainian construction industry make it possible to intensify investment processes in the construction sector and promote the development of a number of related industries and, as a consequence, strengthen the state economically.

Теоретичні засади державного регулювання кібербезпеки на фондовому ринку: механізми, методи, інструменти

Теоретичні засади державного регулювання кібербезпеки на фондовому ринку: механізми, методи, інструменти

EU Experience of Improving the Mechanisms of State Regulation in the Aviation Industry

The article regards the problematic and undetermined issues and the principles of state regulation in the aviation industry. The article proved the necessity of the regulation system improvement concerning the activity of natural monopolies subjects in the aviation industry. The work conclusion is the following: the world practice testifies that in different countries the problem of airports’ adjustment and management is variously settled, and any economically developed country has its own strategy regarding the development of ground handling, which is reflected in legislative and normatively legal adjusting, but there are also some general tendencies.It is accented that in some countries in the part of airports’ ground handling, normatively legal adjusting is assumed by the grant of undiscriminatory access to fuel-filling services of the airports’ complex. In part of other ground handling types, the access restriction is not regulated, the development of competition is normatively not stimulated.Article received 12.04.2017

FEATURES OF STATE REGULATION OF INVESTMENTS IN RECREATIONAL AND TOURIST NATURAL RESOURCES

The article analyzes and presents the problems of the issues and features of state regulation of investments in the recreational and tourist nature of the seaside regions, defining their theoretical and applied aspects is an actual scientific topic for finding ways of economic growth, competitiveness of the country, improving the quality of life and improving the population, preserving a rich natural resource potential. The necessity of further researches and realization of the real bases of formation of the system of the state regulation of investments in the recreational and tourist nature use from the standpoint of sustainable tourism and recreation is substantiated. Therefore, state regulation of investments requires the inclusion of direct methods of influencing state-owned objects through projects, budgets and programs, and, on the other hand, creating attractive conditions for attracting investments, their effective use, creating a favorable investment climate for sustainable development and conservation and protection , the use of natural recreational and tourist resources. It is proposed to develop the conceptual bases of state regulation of investment in recreation and tourism environmental management based on the ideas and principles of sustainable development refers to a system of modern ideas, the leading idea which defines a single, overall plan effective use of natural resources, tourism and recreation and environmental and recreational areas. Therefore, in our understanding of the basic components of the theoretical principles of state regulation of investment in recreation and tourism wildlife is a description of the purpose, principles, conditions and basic directions, which contain a combination of methods, forms and instruments of influence on the investment development of recreation and tourism of nature using and adapting foreign experience.

ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ВИСОКОМОРАЛЬНИХ АСПЕКТІВ ПОЛІТИКО-СОЦІАЛЬНОГО УСТРОЮ КРАЇН ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ У НАЦІОНАЛЬНУ СИСТЕМУ ВПЛИВУ ГРОМАДСЬКОСТІ

The article considers the peculiarities of the introduction of high moral aspects of the political and social system of the European Union in the national system of public influence on the activities of law enforcement agencies. It is established that the implementation of legislative norms and provisions of the European Union in the legal system of Ukraine is the basis of the European course and further effective application of the principles of state regulation of law enforcement. It is substantiated that the activity of the police is subject to clear regulation both in the member states of the European Union and in Ukraine. Therefore, the organizational and legal support of public authorities in determining the procedure for recruitment, dismissal, receiving incentives for professional tasks corresponds to the principles of civil society. The public and its influence on law enforcement are correlated with law-centrism. It is noted that the influence of the community on the activities of law enforcement agencies is identified with respect for legal norms and regulatory framework. It is emphasized that decentralization, which is being introduced in the member states of the European Union, aims at equal distribution of powers between police bodies and, as a consequence, improvement of public law enforcement communication. In Ukraine, on the other hand, there are similar transformations in the legal framework of civil society cooperation with the police: the idea of decentralization corresponds to the Euro-Atlantic course, which is the guiding one, in the context of shaping state policy for Ukraine. It is pointed out that the process of perception by the police and structural units of law enforcement agencies of the European Union member states of the influence of civil society on the style of their functioning is a process of democratization of the socio-political system.

State regulation and social development in the crisis epoch

In the opinion of the author of the article published below, the complex of problems prominently outlined by the current global economic crisis cannot be solved without a critical understanding of the existing theoretical views on the state, right, principles of state regulation, and conditions of social development. The natural social basics of right and power have not been duly considered and need reassessment.

The principles of state regulation of the transport system

The principles of state regulation of the transport system

The System of Russia's Oil and Gas Complex Regulation

The main principles of state regulation of the oil and gas industry in the countries — leading world oil manufacturers and exporters are considered in the article. The system of state regulation in the oil sector of the Russian economy is studied. Special attention is given to the problems of taxation and usage of the bowels of the Earth. It is shown that the present system of state regulation meets neither interests of the state, nor interests of society and business. Some measures helping to increase the efficiency of state regulation in Russia's oil industry are offered.