Abstract
THE PURPOSE. The necessity of establishing emission standards for highly toxic substances with carcinogenic properties in the context of the implementation of new principles of state regulation of environmental protection activities at energy enterprises is substantiated and confirmed. The analysis of the features of the formation and burnout of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the flue gases of boilers during the combustion of coals in lowtemperature conditions of the furnace process is carried out. Based on the analysis, the total and partial indicators of the harmfulness of flue gases were calculated in order to assess and predict the overall toxicity of coal combustion products, taking into account the contribution of carcinogenic substances.METHODS. When calculating the overall toxicity of flue gases, a systematic analysis and generalization of experimental data on the content of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the combustion products of low-power boilers was applied.RESULTS. As a result of the performed study, the contribution of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons to the overall toxicity of boiler flue gases during the combustion of Azeysky, Mugunsky, Cheremkhovsky and Tugnuy coal was determined. It is shown that substances such as benz(a)pyrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and phenanthrene significantly affect the level of the total indicator of the harmfulness of combustion products from 38.8 to 53.6%.CONCLUSION. The obtained research results can be applied at energy enterprises at the stage of substantiating the introduction of regime-technological and environmental measures in order to develop measures to improve environmental efficiency through technological rationing of carcinogenic emissions.
Highlights
В свою очередь, полученные результаты подтверждают необходимость осуществления производственного экологического контроля ПАУ в дымовых газах котлов малой тепловой мощности в силу наличия благоприятных режимно-технологических условий образования канцерогенных веществ при температурах горения в топочной камере на уровне 900-1000 °С
Что вклад канцерогенных ПАУ (бенз(b)флуорантен, бенз(g, h, i)перилен, бенз(а)антрацен, антрацен, хризен, бенз(а)пирен) в суммарный показатель вредности дымовых газов котла НРс-18-73 при сжигании углей черемховского месторождения составил 47,28 %, тугнуйского ‒ 30,61 %, мугунского ‒ 34,46 %, азейского ‒ 37,81 %, а при максимальном выходе ПАУ для угля азейского месторождения равен 45,07 %
Summary
По результатам полученных значений, определены суммарные и частные показатели вредности ПАУ и других вредных (загрязняющих) веществ в продуктах сгорания углей черемховского, мугунского, тунгуйского и азейского месторождений, которые представлены на рис. Суммарные и частные показатели вредности ПАУ и других вредных (загрязняющих) веществ в продуктах сгорания углей черемховского, мугунского, тунгуйского и азейского месторождений
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