Principles Of Spatial Development Research Articles

Формирование и оценка потенциала развития преференциальных территорий России

Considering the new reality in Russia, research needs to identify and use additional factors to ensure economic growth. The spatial factor plays an important role in enhancing the sustainability of economic development and increasing macroeconomic dynamics. The study examines the formation and assesses the development potential of Russian preferential territories, of which there are currently more than 860. The research methodology is based on the principles of spatial development, synergetic economics and institutional theories. Methods of comparative, statistical, structural, and SWOT analysis are used. It is hypothesised that the use of the development potential of preferential territories (in this case, priority development areas (PDAs) of single-industry towns) will increase their technological advancement. As of 2024, 110 Russian territories, including 84 single-industry towns, have the priority development area status. The opportunities and development risks of Russian preferential territories were analysed using SWOT. An institutional-synergetic approach to the formation of PDAs was utilised to create a methodology for determining development potentials. The performed assessment of the potential of 9 priority development areas in single-industry towns revealed the presence of technologically advanced institutions only in three of them (Naberezhnye Chelny, Tolyatti and Nevinnomyssk). Six PDAs have resources, development institutions, and infrastructure corresponding to the current technological development level of the territory. Three PDAs can rely on the strategic potential of their regions (characterised by a high or average quality of life and investment attractiveness). The study offered recommendations for adjusting territorial development strategies, taking into account the socio-economic potential of priority areas for their transition to the next technological level. The findings can be used for updating the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation and adjusting the performance indicators of preferential territories.

Strategy of spatial development in urban planning Russia

The article deals with the issues of urban planning support for the Strategy of spatial development in Russian Federation. The concepts “spatial development of settlement systems and settlements” and “architectural and spatial environment” are defined. A brief description at the history development and ideas about urban planning organization of strategic spatial development of Russia is given. The author gives an urban-planning interpretation of the problems, target setting and principles of spatial development in the country, as well as the mechanism implementation of this Strategy. There is a need to integrate strategic and urban planning, increase the role of urban planning in solving the problems of innovative and spatial development of settlement systems and settlements, the formation of a comfortable urban and rural environment.

METHODOLOGY FOR DEFINING SUSTAINABLE SPATIAL FORESTRY

Topicality. The current change in the ideology of forest management in Ukraine towards sustainable spatial development of forestry is due to the promising importance of ecosystem, economic and social values of forest resources, their multifunctional and intersectoral nature of the use of resource and ecological potential of forests, as well as the growing needs of society regarding the quality of the natural environment. Structural negative changes taking place in the forest sector during the transformation of the economy focus on the problem of sustainable spatial forestry. In particular, the restructuring of forest ownership forms, fiscal policy in the sector, forest management functions and integrated multi-purpose forest use are not consistent with the requirements of sustainable spatial development and a market-oriented model of forestry economics. More active implementation of institutional, ecological and economic, organizational and managerial mechanisms for ensuring sustainable spatial forestry requires conceptual and methodological reflection on the spatial approach to forestry.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is deepening the conceptual and methodological principles of sustainable spatial forestry in the context of modern environmental and economic problems of rational use of forest resource potential. Conceptually-methodological understanding of forestry requires: the disclosure of the substantive content of the spatial forestry; definition of features of formation and development of forest management; formation of criteria (classification) signs of the forestry space.Research results. The conceptual and methodological basis for the formation of forestry space is proposed in order to ensure sustainable development of the forestry complex. The basic economic-organizational principles of spatial development of forestry systems are considered. The content basis of sustainable forest management, in contrast to the forestry (in the broad sense), includes a wider range of organizational and technological components of forest-ecological, environmental, economic and social trends that are associated with sustainable use and the reproduction of forest resource potential and forestry space. Forestry space represents a combination of components of forest resource potential and socio-economic environment within a certain forestry region with their links and diverse relationships that are necessary for the sustainable development of society. The natural, informational, economic, financial, and intellectual components of forestry complement the institutional, which outline the legal norms for forest management. Forestry within the understanding of forestry space includes aspects of socio-ecological and economic equilibrium of forestry systems of different hierarchical levels of the organization.Conclusion. Research of the economic space of forestry goes beyond the substantive basis of the forestry economy, the theoretical and methodological basis of the regional economy, therefore, there is a problem of the formation of a new direction in the implementation of sustainable spatial forestry, which requires the consolidation of research into a coherent whole. It is the formation and development of an environmentally balanced, economic forestry space that is a prerequisite for rational use, reproduction and conservation of forest resource potential on an ecosystem basis.

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПОСТРОЕНИЯ СХЕМ ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНО-ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНЫХ СИЛ В РЕГИОНЕ

Цель: статья посвящена вопросам построения алгоритма типовой методики по разработке текущей и перспективной схем размещения производительных сил, включающих: основные понятия, методологию, факторы. Обсуждение: в настоящее время в России дискуссионны теоретико-методические положения по пространственному развитию регионов, формированию перспективных схем размещения производительных сил. В предложенной статье проанализированы теоретические вопросы и методологические положения пространственного размещения производительных сил, включающие современное интегрированное понимание содержания категории «производительные силы», трактовку понятия «размещение производительных сил», принципы, факторы и методы размещения про-изводительных сил. Акцент в исследовании сделан на размещении производительных сил в промышленных кластерах. Такие исследования являются базой для формирования региональных стратегий социально-экономического развития, кластерных и промышленных политик. Результаты: в ходе анализа теоретико-методических положений разработан и апробирован алгоритм методики построения схем территориально-пространственного размещения и развития производительных сил (РПС) в регионе. Предложения по формированию текущей и перспективной схем размещения производительных сил были выполнены для выделенных региональных промышленных кластеров. Формирование перспективной схемы происходило под воздействием развития инвестиционной и инновационной инфраструктуры, заявленных инновационных и инвестиционных проектов потенциальных участников кластеров, отраслевых тенденций как федерального уровня, так и регионального.

Spatial analysis of the development of innovative potential of enterprises

The unstable development of the economy of the vast majority of Russian regions and unstable indicators in modern conditions require the establishment and determination of the causes of the observed negative events. This situation is relevant at the regional level, where, in addition to the devastating consequences, the inconsistency of state policy in the field of institutional Economics has created a General lag in the pace of socio-economic development. Based on this, the timeliness and relevance of the consideration of improving the instrumental forms of ensuring the spatially-uniform development of the regions is that the current stage of development of the regional economic level is identified by us with the increasing center-periphery differentiation. The processes of its growth, which are formed under the influence of evolutionary-acquired and inertial-hereditary factors, negatively affect the pace of socio-economic development of peripheral and semi-peripheral territories, do not allow to develop the real sector of the territorial economy, to improve the level and quality of life of the population of localities. In this regard, it seems that the solution of scientific problems of finding new and improving existing instrumental forms of spatially-uniform regional development is relevant in theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of the element of scientific support for the development of the regional economy, its subsystems and components, and the study is desirable to focus on the growth of methodological principles of spatial development of most regions operating in the conditions of center-periphery stratification, as well as the argument of practical recommendations for their depolarization on the principles of improving the organizational and economic tools, as well as methods of analysis and evaluation of the spatial development of the region.

К ВОПРОСУ О ТИПОЛОГИЗАЦИИ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ

The approval in February 2019 of the Strategy for spatial development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025, in which one of the principles of spatial development of the country is designated as a differentiated approach to directions and measures of state support for socio-economic development of territories, requires scientific substantiation of the appropriate methodological tools for typology of municipalities. In this regard, this article analyzes a number of methods for a comprehensive, integrated assessment of the level of development of municipalities. Four options of our own methods are proposed for assessing the level of socio-economic development of municipal districts, urban districts and their classification: a method for calculating an integral indicator of socio-economic development level, a method of summing up places, a method for scoring each indicator, and a method for scoring each block of indicators. Testing the proposed tools on the materials of the Vologda region determined the most optimal methodology for the purposes of implementing regional and local socioeconomic policies.

A methodological approach to forecasting spatial distribution of workplaces in an industrial metropolis

Many world cities retain their unique industrial status. Such a feature of the economy of an industrial metropolis imposes additional requirements on the development of the forecast of spatial distribution of workplaces. The article highlights the contradictions of the long-term development of an industrial megalopolis, which become scenic forks, when forecasted. These include optimization of the industrial and trade-service sectors of the economy, the ratio of inertial and innovative development vectors, variability of migration flows and the choice of the agglomeration model type. The article is devoted to the problem of forecasting the development of a large metropolis, where the industrial sector plays a significant role in the economy. At the methodological level, the article justifies principles of spatial development of an industrial metropolis. The article describes forecasting tools for spatial location of workplaces, based on a combination of several models. The study was performed through the example of Ekaterinburg – the industrial capital of Russia; the metropolis scenarios were justified until 2035; the forecast of spatial distribution was calculated through the example of the two sectors competing for investments – industrial and trade-service. The authors substantiate spatial distribution of workplaces taking into account the projected number of people employed, the number of population of working age and distinguishing features of transport behavior of citizens. The paper demonstrates that the number of large industrial enterprises in a historically industrial center and its first zone decreases, and the modern industry in the form of small and medium-sized businesses located in industrial parks commence gradually forming a circuit with nodes on transport routes towards the largest consumer territories.

Territorial cohesion policy in the light of peripherality

The basic task and the underlying ways of thinking in the current European regional policies can be described with key words such as economic competitiveness, regional specialisation and innovations. The current approach is criticised as too narrow, as it puts emphasis on economic issues and on growth centres at the expense of peripheralities. However, there are also signs of a change in the principles of the European spatial development policies. The construction of the territorial cohesion policy has brought the traditional equity-based and holistic approaches back into the discussions about the principles of spatial development. The material explored in the article reveals that peripherality – in its wider meaning – is seen as a significant issue to be handled in the territorial cohesion policy in the making.

Neue Leitbilder der Raumentwicklung in Deutschland

Abstract Under the German Spatial Planning Act, so-called guiding principles of spatial development are “soft” instruments for coordinating the aims and measures of spatial development policy. Against the backdrop of globalization and demographic change, Germany developed new guiding principles between 2003 and 2006. First, the paper presents the three guiding principles: growth and innovation, safeguarding services of general interest, and preserving resources and shaping cultural landscapes. It then explains the most important relevant planning policy innovations. What follows is an account of the genesis of the guiding principles. The discursive approach was open for external input. At the same time, interim results and propositions were being tested over and over again. Retrospectively, it is possible to distinguish two related processes: a professional-scientific discourse and a political discourse. It was only the interaction between the two that made the development of innovative and at the same ti...

Nachhaltige räumliche Entwicklung—ein Gesetzesauftrag

As of the 1st of January 1998 the revised Regional Policy Act of the German Republic, dated 18th August 1997, has gone into effect. It contains a number of relevant innovations on regional planning which are also of interest to other countries. The fundamental issue is dealing with “sustainable development”. Newly outlined are the regional policy plans which include spatial structures. They coincide to a high degree with the Swiss cantonal “Guidelines”. A requirement for establishing regional policy for the Federation is to design general principles for spatial development. Regional plans—which have to be worked out for the sphere of influence of several highest-order central places—have an important role. The fact that at a time when regional policy is not high on the agenda, the German legislator takes the risk to implement comprehensive amendments is remarkable in itself.