Projection Principle Research Articles

VIRTUAL DATA SPHERE: INVERSE STEREOGRAPHIC PROJECTION FOR IMMERSIVE MULTI-PERSPECTIVE GEOVISUALIZATION

Abstract. Immersive geospatial visualization finds increasing application for navigation, exploration, and analysis. Many such require the display of data at different scales, often in views with three-dimensional geometry. Multi-view solutions, such as focus+context, overview+detail, and distorted projections can show different scales at the same time, and help place an area of interest within its surroundings. By inverting the principle of stereographic projection – projecting spatial features from a map onto a virtual sphere which surrounds the viewer – we present a novel technique for immersive geospatial focus+context that aims to mitigate problems with existing solutions. This sphere can intersect the map, dividing it into two parts: the inside of the sphere, which stays unchanged, and the outside, which gets projected to the surface, resulting in an inversion of the lens metaphor by distorting the context instead of the focus. This detail-in-context visualization maximizes the amount of context that can be legibly shown by the smooth compression inherent to the stereographic projection, and by utilizing otherwise unused screen space in the sky. The projection method allows for easy control over the projection and distortion characteristics by varying only two main parameters – the sphere’s radius and its position. The omnidirectional nature of our system makes it particularly well-suited for immersive displays by accommodating typical immersive exploration and fully utilizing the additional visual space available. Applying our system to an urban environment, we were able to solicit positive reactions during feedback sessions with experts from urbanism.

Prediction and mechanism analysis of the force and shape parameters using cubic function model in vertical rolling

Vertical rolling has been widely applied to control slab widths in hot plate rolling plants. In this research, due to the high ratio of width/thickness of the slab in vertical rolling, a symmetric cubic function model is established to depict the three-dimensional dog bone shape of the slab. The three-dimensional kinematically admissible velocity and strain rate fields are innovatively established based on the dual-stream function (DSF) method and the boundary conditions. According to the first variational principle of rigid-plastic, the numerical results of the force and shape parameters are obtained. To decrease the computation load and time, the Geometrical Approximation (GA) yield criterion, the Pavlov projection principle, and the mean value theorem are utilized to calculate the plastic deformation, shear, and friction power terms separately, and the analytical results of the slab shape and rolling force are received later. To certify the effectiveness of the submitted model, the computed slab shapes are compared with the results of other models and the rolling forces are compared with the measurements in a plate plant. Good agreement is found. Furthermore, the effects of key rolling process parameters, such as width reduction, thickness, and vertical roll radius, on the slab shape and stress state are illustrated. The variation mechanisms of the force and shape parameters are used to process parameters setting and adjusting.

Single-neuron projectome of mouse prefrontal cortex.

Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the cognitive center that integrates and regulates global brain activity. However, the whole-brain organization of PFC axon projections remains poorly understood. Using single-neuron reconstruction of 6,357 mouse PFC projection neurons, we identified 64 projectome-defined subtypes. Each of four previously known major cortico-cortical subnetworks was targeted by a distinct group of PFC subtypes defined by their first-order axon collaterals. Further analysis unraveled topographic rules of soma distribution within PFC, first-order collateral branch point-dependent target selection and terminal arbor distribution-dependent target subdivision. Furthermore, we obtained a high-precision hierarchical map within PFC and three distinct functionally related PFC modules, each enriched with internal recurrent connectivity. Finally, we showed that each transcriptome subtype corresponds to multiple projectome subtypes found in different PFC subregions. Thus, whole-brain single-neuron projectome analysis reveals organization principles of axon projections within and outside PFC and provides the essential basis for elucidating neuronal connectivity underlying diverse PFC functions.

Evaluation Model of Teachers' Teaching Ability Based on Improved Random Forest with Grey Relation Projection

The development and improvement of teachers' teaching ability is the guarantee to continuously improve the overall teaching ability and school running level of universities. Therefore, it is of great significance to scientifically evaluate teachers' teaching ability. Aiming at the problems of traditional algorithms, such as weak generalization performance and difficult determination of parameters and model structure, a random forest algorithm is introduced into the field of teaching ability prediction. At an equal time, the ordinary grey correlation algorithm is accelerated through the usage of the projection principle, and instructor instructing capacity assessment mannequin based totally on grey projection expanded random woodland algorithm is proposed. The grey correlation degree judgment matrix is used to represent the correlation between historical samples and influencing factors, and the weight of influencing factors is established by the direct weight method to weight the judgment matrix. The random woodland algorithm is used to set up the prediction model, the grey projection is used to display screen the pattern set education model, and ultimately, the characteristic vector is entered to whole the prediction. The experimental results show that the new method has high prediction accuracy, robustness, and effectiveness. It not only enriches the evaluation methods of teachers' teaching ability but also provides a quantitative evaluation model reference for teachers' teaching ability evaluation.

False friends: Leftist nationalism and the project of transnational solidarity

A growing number of left-wing scholars criticize practices of transnational solidarity. Pointing to the cooptation of “globalism” by neoliberal capitalism, these scholars utilize this critique to advance leftwing nationalism. In this article, I reconstruct symptomatic texts of this genre and identify the critique of (liberal) cosmopolitanism as the common denominator in their calls for nationalizing the Left. As a consequence of their opposition to cosmopolitanism, these authors reject freedom of movement or global justice activism. In order to examine whether the project of transnational solidarity is affected by this critique, I reconstruct its justifications in Critical Theory and postcolonial-feminist theory. Hauke Brunkhorst and Chandra Mohanty exemplarily theorize transnational solidarity in different ways, but each based on a substantial critique of liberal cosmopolitanism. By that, I show that a principled return to nationalism derived from a critique of cosmopolitanism is informed by coincidental evidence that rejects practices of transnational solidarity because of their alleged embeddedness in cosmopolitan reason. Drawing on La Via Campesina, I illustrate principles of a transnational solidarity project that is not justified with liberal cosmopolitan ideas. Their experiences challenge the nationalist/statist critique while not falling back into naïve and/or neoliberal cosmopolitanism.

Экранное пространство в полиракурсном построении сложносоставного телевизионного кадра

The relevance of this research is connected with the technical revolution that is unfolding in the field of electronic mass media, in particular, television. There appear new forms of presenting visual information, as well as many opportunities and tasks for those creating the television image. The principles of modeling the visual reality of the television frame are becoming increasingly complex, as compared to several decades ago. How to find an effective compositional, coloristic and expository balance between several images simultaneously presented on the screen and correctly weave the visual fabric of a television frame? What is a multi-angle shot and non-spatiality? Why do we have to deal with multi-scale and time-diversity in a frame? In this article, the importance of studying multi-angle visualization of reality in the discourse of screen space is highlighted. The author aims at analyzing a viewer’s position in front of the screen and their priority order of image viewing, like a straight splice of television shots, but within a multi-screen. Additionally, he describes the functionality of a simultaneous display of an action shot from different angles and provides examples of multi-vector screen time within a single frame when modeling an image by different technical means. The article discusses the principles of image projection and acquisition of properties of an object of augmented screen reality by an element of additional visualized information. The analysis of the visual multilayer structure of screen space has both theoretical and practical significance. In theoretical terms, it provides definitions of a multi-angle shot, non-spatiality, multi-scale, and time-diversity and specifies the properties of these concepts. Its practical value lies in studying the feasibility of creating screen space in a modern media environment. The author brings intermediate results of research the main focus of which is the study of the visual structure of screen space in television news material.

A novel cable-grasping planner for manipulator based on the operation surface

The manipulation of deformable linear objects is a hot spot and difficult problem in robotics research. Cables, as one kind of deformable linear objects, are characterized by elongation and uncertain shape. Although previous research has paid attention to deformable linear object’s manipulation, it still remains a challenge to detect and grasp cables in unstructured environments. In this paper, a new cable-grasping method framework by analysis of cable characteristics is proposed. The framework consists of cable pose measurement and cable-grasping path planning. In the cable pose measurement mission, we design a symmetric edge feature according to the cable image projection principle. Then, a semantic segmentation based edge detection technique and a center line fitting method based on sorting by principal axis are applied to measure the cable pose accurately. In the cable-grasping path planning mission, the grasping pose is determined considering the force directional manipulability . The cable operation surface is constructed after the characteristic analysis of the cable, on which basis, a two-phase path planner is proposed, with the second phase planner BG-RRT guided by motion directional manipulability to further optimize the planning path. The performance of the approach is verified by experiments in both the simulation environment and the actual environment. • Proposing a symmetric edge feature based on the cable image projection principle. • Designing an edge detection method based on semantic segmentation as well as a center line fitting method based on sorting by principal axis. • Constructing the cable operation surface according to the characteristics of cable. • A two-phase path planner based on operation surface for reducing collisions. • A new BG-RRT algorithm guided by motion directional manipulability for further improving the efficiency of cable grasping.

Hong Kong Women Project a Larger Body When Speaking to Attractive Men.

In this pilot study we investigated the vocal strategies of Cantonese women when addressing an attractive vs. unattractive male. We recruited 19 young female native speakers of Hong Kong Cantonese who completed an attractiveness rating task, followed by a speech production task where they were presented a subset of the same faces. By comparing the rating results and corresponding acoustic data of the facial stimuli, we found that when young Cantonese women spoke to an attractive male, they were less breathy, lower in fundamental frequency, and with denser formants, all of which are considered to project a larger body. Participants who were more satisfied with their own height used these vocal strategies more actively. These results are discussed in terms of the body size projection principle.

Competence development as a tool to ensure social projects effective management

Modern realities have many challenges for society and the economy, as the global economic crisis and Ukraine's internal economic and political problems are not conducive to development. Against the background of these challenges, the support of the whole population, the desire to improve the quality of life, in particular in socially vulnerable groups, is becoming important. Social projects in such conditions are designed to maintain social stability, improve the quality of life, and in turn require professional staff. The article examines the essence and features of social projects as a tool to improve the quality of life, ensuring the social effect of implementation, as well as the role of competence development in the context of ensuring effective management of social projects. The content of social project management in modern conditions as organization, planning, management, coordination of labor, financial and logistical resources during the project cycle, aimed at effectively achieving their goals and a certain social effect. Some principles of successful social projects are defined, which allows to increase the efficiency of their management. A certain algorithm of social project management has been formed, which includes: analysis of social sphere problems, determination of social sphere priorities, formation of social project management structure, development and implementation of social projects, achievement of results and social effect. The role of competencies, in particular managerial ones, in ensuring the effectiveness of social project management is determined. Based on the definition of the concept of «competence», the hierarchy of management staff competencies of the social project is revealed. The key competencies of the social projects management stafff, including leadership, discipline, forecasting social development, empathy, emotional intelligence, etc. are identified. Taking into account the specifics of managerial competencies, an algorithm for their development was formed to ensure the effectiveness of social project management in modern conditions, which involves certain stages from analysis of existing competencies of management staff to new competencies goals and objectives of the social project.

Public Sector Accountability to Implement Sustainable Development Goals in Sri Lanka: Influence of Traditional and Non-Traditional Donors

Implementation of Sustainable development Goals (SDGs) for better environmental sustainability in developing countries in Asia has taken centre stage in response to the major environmental and social degradation created through rapid economic development in the region. Further, lack of clarity in environmental accountability of traditional economic developmental activities and internationally funded infrastructure development projects has resulted in reduced water and air quality and imperilled biodiversity. SDG related research in developing country context is limited and the impact of the funding bodies on public sector governance and accountability is scarce. This paper aims to fill this gap by addressing environmental accountability of public sector entities in internationally funded development projects in Sri Lanka, as a fast-developing country in Asia. The results indicate that environmental degradation is a continuing issue in Sri Lanka despite the efforts of traditional donor agencies monitoring and implementing environmental sustainability guidelines and SDG principles in infrastructure projects. The drastic change in the donor landscape experienced in the country with the rise of non-traditional donors and the deficiencies in public sector governance and accountability structures pose a significant threat to attainment of SDGs, including environmental sustainability in Sri Lanka.

СИСТЕМА ПОДГОТОВКИ КАДРОВ ДЛЯ СОВЕТСКОГО АТОМНОГО ПРОЕКТА

The creation of the specialized, highly productive workforce was one of the achievements of the Soviet atomic project. The paper studies the formationof the national “atomic” personnel training system, from the 1940s and up to the late 1950s. The system was built in line with the key principle of the Soviet atomic project: solution of problems using various alternative approaches simultaneously. The author reviews different types and levels of “atomic” edu-cational programs (general education, high school and university, additional and vocational education). The initial approach was training via the dedicated courses, as well as internship programs at research institutions and produc-tion facilities involved in the atomic project. The next step was the creation ofthe closed chairs, departments and faculties at the universities. Later,the “own” vocational schools, colleges and technical universitieswere established. Thus,this systemembraced practically all workforce categories (from qualified workers to scientists). The particular qualities of the soviet “atomic” personnel training system were the integrationwith science and industry, students’involvement in research work (up to workers), the formation of a continuing education environ, insularity of educa-tional process, and the polytechnic character. It had a positive impact on the higher and postgraduate education of natural sciences and engineering. However, the progress of “atomic” education appeared in a limited educational segmen

Influence lines for schedule networks

An influence line graphs for project planning show how the changes of a selected activity duration affect the project duration. The name comes from the structural analysis where influence lines show on the ordinates of a graph the variation of the magnitude of, e.g., the bending moment at a specific point as a unit load traverses across the structure. This paper examines the principles of project planning influence lines: it discusses how to depict the six criticality types of activities, and it also shows what kind of transitions are possible among the criticality types. The findings help the greater understanding of the effects of the activity duration changes on the project duration.

Preparation and Properties of Functional Materials Based on Digital Light Processing 3D Printing

3D printing, known as the “new industrial revolution,” has set off an upsurge in the scientific and technological field in recent years, and 3D printing of digital light processing technology has even improved the performance and efficiency of 3D printing. This technology uses the projection principle to form; no matter the size of the workpiece, the forming speed is not affected. It uses very cheap lamp radiation, the system has no injection‐molded components, there is no nozzle clogging problem of traditional molding systems, and maintenance costs are greatly reduced. In this paper, based on digital light processing 3D printing technology, light‐curing reactive functional materials commonly used in digital light processing 3D printing are prepared. In the past, most of these materials were imported. In this paper, by adjusting the DLP technology, a water‐soluble photocurable reflection material is constructed, a method for shaping the reaction material. It conducts experiments on the preparation and performance research of water‐soluble photocurable reaction materials through formulation and process optimization. It prepared a water‐soluble photocurable reactive functional material and compared it with traditional imported materials. Due to the characteristics of UV curing and good mechanical properties and water solubility, it provides a new idea for the preparation of 3D printing‐related functional materials.

Blockchain as Res Publica: Towards a Political Genealogy of a Distributed Ledger

This paper focuses on the political genealogy of one of the most promising and influential IT technologies of our time: the blockchain (or distributed registry). We point at important commonalities between the principles of blockchain projects and models of republican governance. In contrast to techno-anarchist and democratic ideas, the republican genealogy of blockchain has so far failed to attract the attention of researchers. After examining the basic technical properties and ideological images of blockchain, we explore how the four main principles of classical republicanism (personal freedom and autonomy of the individual; civic virtues; common good; recognition of great causes) are realized in influential blockchain projects — Bitcoin (developed by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto) and Ethereum (developed by Vitalik Buterin). The functioning of blockchain nodes is supported by a community of miners, who are free, but at the same time agree to act for the development of a common thing. What the republic and the blockchain have in common is that it is impossible to have a community without cooperative action. At the same time, blockchain is a vivid illustration of Bruno Latour's argument on the role of non-humans in social relations: his code seeks to replace untrustworthy humans with rule-acting nodes, and to create a cryptographic society where untrustworthy human relations are replaced by computers' relations. This article is an invitation to begin a discussion of the political ideas that are embedded in new technologies and the models of governance that are mobilized through them, often without proper reflection on the nature of such ideas by their creators.

The Ethical Implications of Big Data Research in Public Health: "Big Data Ethics by Design" in the UK-REACH Study.

In this article, we analyze legal and ethical issues raised in Big Data health research projects in the Covid-19 era and consider how these issues might be addressed in ways that advance positive values (e.g., furtherance of respect for persons and accordance with relevant legal frameworks) while mitigating or eliminating any negative aspects (e.g., exacerbation of social inequality and injustice). We apply this analysis specifically to UK-REACH (The United Kingdom Research Study into Ethnicity and Covid-19 Outcomes in Healthcare Workers), a project with which we are involved. We argue that Big Data projects like UK-REACH can be conducted in an ethically robust manner and that funders and sponsors ought to encourage similar projects to drive better evidence-based public policy in public health. As part of this, we advocate that a Big Data ethics-by-design approach be undertaken when such projects are constructed. This principle extends the work of those who advocate ethics by design by addressing prominent issues in Big Data health research projects; it holds that ethical values and principles in Big Data health research projects are best adhered to when they are already integrated into the project aims and methods at the design stage. In advocating this principle, we present a unique perspective regarding pressing ethical problems around large-scale, data-driven Covid-19 research, as well as legal issues associated with processing ostensibly anonymized health data.

The syntax of the particle qad in standard Arabic and Asiri Arabic

PurposeThis article studies the particle qad in standard Arabic (SA) and Asiri Arabic (AA). In SA, qad is pronounced as [qæd], whereas in AA it is pronounced as [q?d] and written as qid. Qad in SA is different from qid in AA regarding its functional use and syntactic distribution. Accordingly, the study discusses the semantics and selection properties of qad/qid.Design/methodology/approachContrasting analyses are presented to verify which syntactic analysis better suits extended projection principle (EPP) extension, and tree structures are provided to elucidate ongoing problematic configurations and to provide solutions.FindingsThe SA particle qad has three functions: (1) a probability modal, as in may or might; (2) a perfective auxiliary, as in have, has and had; and (3) indicating emphatic purpose, as in do, does and did. Contrariwise, qid in AA has two meanings: (1) have, has and had (perfective auxiliary); and (2) the past tense of the English copula was/became (a linking verb). Given this background, there has been a debate in the syntax literature about whether qid/qad is an adverb. The current article provides evidence indicating that qid and qad are not adverbs.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to the analysis of qid in Asiri dialect. Further research needs to be done on the different branches of the Asiri dialects according to the tribe. Sometimes, tribes have different sound for some words. There is not any literature review found on the Asiri dialects in the designated area of study; the particle qid.Practical implicationsThe study can be counted towards the Asiri linguistic heritage in documenting the syntactic and semantic properties of qid particle. The study contributes to the linguistic field of the Arabic language and its varieties.Social implicationsThe study offers a general review of the linguistic background of Asir region. The study introduces the reader to qad particle in SA and holds a comparison between the two researched versions of qad in SA and qid in AA.Originality/valueThe paradoxical analysis between qad and qid on all levels is presented (semantics, functional use, selection properties and level of configuration (EPP)). Also, it introduces the particle qid in AA as it was never investigated before.

Research on Curriculum Construction and Teaching Reform of Digital Electronic Technology

Digital electronic technology is a basic course for the majors of electronic information engineering, electrical engineering and automation, communication engineering, computer science and technology in the school of information and engineering of our university. It is also an important part of the three electricity courses (circuit analysis, analog electronic technology, digital electronic technology). The project is mainly based on project-based teaching, which is divided into basic projects, verification projects and design innovation projects. Specific requirements are put forward for project principle design, software simulation, physical welding, physical measurement and commissioning, etc, integrating EDA technology into theory teaching, flipped classroom (student lecture, student evaluation, student lecturer evaluation), process assessment methods, so that students have the basic knowledge and operation skills of digital electronic technology.

Spatiotemporal analysis of rural energy transition and upgrading in developing countries: The case of China

Rural energy upgrade in developing countries is an essential part of the world climate mitigation work. To systematically promote rural energy upgrade, we took the case of China and used a spatiotemporal model to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of energy ladders in agriculture and rural life of developing countries. The proportion of clean energy consumption in agriculture showed an interprovincial competition effect, whereas the proportion of oil consumption in rural life showed a demonstration effect. Severe reliance on coal hinders energy upgrade. Urbanisation has improved the clean level of energy use in agriculture but does not significantly affect the in rural life. Technological progress has increased the proportion of clean energy consumption but has little impact on the proportion of oil and gas consumption. The abundance of coal resources has prompted the massive use of coal and coal-fired power. Energy-use habit promotes the use of all types of energy. Except for that of gas, the consumption of different types of energy in agriculture and rural life mutually promotes. In summary, the development of energy technologies should be established based on the regional resource endowment and economic development level. Also, subsidy principles for clean energy projects should be established based on the development level of the agriculture and residents’ income. Rural energy upgrade is coordinated with urbanisation and the modernisation of the agriculture and rural life styles while paying attention to the mutual promotion between the agriculture and rural life. During the change of the energy-use habit under policy guidance, attention must be paid to interprovincial cooperation. Finally, a reasonable market mechanism should be established to promote energy upgrade.

Bridging the ‘Valley of Death’: Can Agile Principles Be Applied in Industry-Academia Research and Innovation Projects?

Government funding supports industry-academia research and innovation projects in Norway, sharing the risk of the research component in innovation. However, funding alone may not be sufficient to overcome potential differences in collaborative agendas and ways of working. As a result, positive research outcomes often get stuck in the valley of death, instead of ending up as successful innovations that create value. To contribute to bridging the valley of death, we investigated the importance of six agile principles for collaborative industry-academia research and innovation projects, abbreviated IPN in Norway. The study was limited to the manufacturing sector. We surveyed 124 IPN project leaders (70 from industry; 54 from academia) to evaluate the importance of the knowledge management practices associated with the six agile principles across the three project stages. The statistical analyses indicate the consistency of the agile principles throughout the project stages. This means that agile principles are relevant for IPN projects and can be used as guidelines for improvement of the knowledge management practices. Moreover, the study identifies the agile principles that are perceived as most important to use in different stages of a project. It also identifies the different perceptions of the importance of agile principles of the project leaders from industry and academia. These findings can support project leaders who are implementing agile principles to industry-academia research and innovation projects. The results from the study can also support national and federal research/innovation councils in decision-making when assessing industrial research applications.

Electro-agric, a novel environmental engineering perspective to overcome the global water crisis via marginal water reuse

Water crises in arid and semi-arid regions, particularly in desert areas, are considered a challenge owing to the fact that no functioning solutions have been introduced throughout history to change the whole map from yellow to green. Current desert regions are still deserts from millions of years ago, and all scenarios that have been introduced to occupy desert regions accounts for 1%–2% of the total area. Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries that are located in such arid and semi-arid zones are disadvantaged by limited water supply because of high temperature, low precipitation, and limited water resources. We have found that, there is no consortium between different fields of interest in the hopes of eventually overcoming the global water crisis. This is practically the case when it comes to using desalination and wastewater treatment technologies and their application for agriculture. Water crises should not only be solved using desalination and wastewater treatment, but other items should be also taken into consideration such as soil, plant, and organic matter use, among others. In the present perspective, we are developing novel solutions to overcome the global water crisis via nonconventional water reuse with minimum constrains to ecosystems using the principles of the Sophisticated Desert Development Project (SDDP) or “Electro-agric technology”. Electro-agric is technique that uses electrical fields throughout agricultural practices. Electro-agric technology comprises five main sections, including water, soil, organic matter, and plants, among others, that may be achieved via the establishment of a consortium between different major establishments like the Faculties of Engineering, Agriculture, and Science. Traditional approaches for cultivating land in arid and semi-arid regions are inappropriate and electro-agric technologies may be considered as the only alternative solution for regions that are located between the latitudes 35°N to 35°S in which the arid and semi-arid weather prevails and in which in seven of the world's major deserts are located. We believe that the map of MENA countries produced will transform from yellow to green, indicating reclamation of this resource; however this can only be accomplished if we comply with electro-agric technologies. Moreover, national incomes will be increased, and new communities will be stabilized.