Phenomenological Principles Research Articles

Exploring the use of line stickers to bridge the gap in developing parent–emerging adult relationships: Taiwanese emerging adults’ perspectives in family communication patterns and their influence strategies

A gap exists in the literature on gender-specific expectations in Taiwanese family communication patterns (FCP) regarding emerging adults’ formation and presentation of an aesthetic identity and use of aesthetic strategies to influence their parents. This study explores how socio-oriented FCPs affect Taiwanese emerging adults in virtual aesthetic contexts, focusing on their aesthetic identity formation and presentation and their use of influence strategies through Line sticker interactions with parents. The methodological approach followed the principles of interpretive phenomenology. The results could be useful in not only understanding parent–emerging adult relationships through the ongoing virtual aesthetic learning process but also gaining insights into how socio-oriented FCPs change between parents and emerging adults. A main contribution of this study is that it suggests a way in which Line stickers can be used to bridge the gap in gender-specific expectations, thereby increasing the parent–emerging adult bond.

Some Moments of Wonder Emergent within Transcendental Phenomenological Analyses

AbstractThere is a distinctive wonder bordering on and awakening to the philosophy of religion within Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology. This is not primarily a wonder directed to how things are or that they are, but rather the wonder connected to the most fundamental principle of transcendental phenomenology. That principle is the ancient principle of the convertibility of being with what is true or the inseparability of being and manifestation. Phenomenological wonder is primarily at the correlation of being as what is true or made manifest with consciousness. And yet there is an even more basic phenomenological wonder which founds this correlation, and that is the manifestness of first-person experience within which all other wonder emerges.

МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРИЕМНОЙ СЕМЬИ КАК ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОГО ФЕНОМЕНА

The purpose of this article is to determine additional knowledge about the foster family with a phenomenological methodological approach. The principles of phenomenology allow us to refer to the sensory perceptions of a particular object under study. The main task of the phenomenological approach to the study of the foster family is to reveal how contemporaries understand the very essence of the new form of family arrangement of orphans and children left without care, what experiences it causes in children and parents, how this awareness is reflected in the processes of organization life of the foster family. The author concludes that at present, there is an active formation of the scientific concept of a foster family, and in this process, the leading importance is giving to pedagogical research. The pedagogical essence of the foster family is fully disclosed, the pedagogical functions of the foster family are widely presented, the features of the content of upbringing in foster families are revealed, the degree of complementarity of family and correctional upbringing is determined, the professional and parental positions in the process of raising a child in a foster family are differentiated. At the same time, the problems of relationships between adoptive and natural children have not been sufficiently studied, the paternal position is poorly represented, there is little research on foster families with children with disabilities, the attitude of children to foster families has not been studied in comparison with other forms of family placement of orphans. The phenomenological approach, revealing the internal state of life of the foster family, opens up new facets of research, which allows determining the resources and risks of raising orphans and children left without parental care.

Researching Lived Experience in Education: Misunderstood or Missed Opportunity?

Phenomenological research approaches have become increasingly popular in fields such as psychology, nursing, tourism, and health science but remain underrepresented in education research. This is surprising given that education, a discipline founded on attending to, and building upon, the knowledge and experiences of others, can only benefit from the insights and explication of human experience offered by phenomenological research. One reason for its disfavor may be the oft-intimidating philosophy that underpins, and is critical to the application of, phenomenological approaches to research. This article provides an overview of some of the phenomenology’s key philosophical principles. It pays particular attention to transcendental and hermeneutic phenomenology, their key proponents, and tenets and outlines some similarities and differences between these two phenomenological lineages. Efforts to translate the philosophical principles of phenomenology into an approach to research are discussed, and examples of the application of transcendental and hermeneutic phenomenological approaches to education settings are explored. Once described as more a carefully cultivated thoughtfulness than a technique, phenomenology as a methodology is examined in terms of its trustworthiness and its potential to deepen our Understanding (with a capital U) of the experiences of others. This article acts as a theoretical handrail to support researchers’ first steps into this rich philosophical and theoretical terrain with a view to encouraging increased adoption of this approach to research in education settings.

Phenomenological research in psychology: yet on the matter of method

This paper aims to make a reflection about phenomenological research from the matter of ethics. The start point is the idea of that, in the investigation of human, ethics comes before epistemology and that, therefore, it would concer to any knowledge of this field to make questions about the place of what is purged by scientific method. It is pointed that such problem happens even with phenomenologically oriented researches, once that often many of them think about the problem of unity, but seldom think about the place of the difference that this unity may contain. It is understood that the concept of intentionality, that put together several phenomenological perspectives, such as Husserl's, Heidegger's, Merleau-Ponty's and Gadamer's, brings on itself questions that wrap the relationship between universal and particular, as well as ethical nuances, but there is not an operational description of how these questions become concrete in empirical research. As a solution to this problem, it is suggested a pragmatic-ethical solution, so that researcher must explain more clearly and operationally how phenomenological principles affect the research (pragmatic dimension), as well as it is also suggested that he must evidence the historical-relational dimension from wich he produces knowledge. Therefore, it is believed, it keeps preserved historicity and temporariness contained in the construction of knowledge.

Control of Bacillus subtilis Replication Initiation during Physiological Transitions and Perturbations.

Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli are evolutionarily divergent model organisms whose analysis has enabled elucidation of fundamental differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Despite their differences in cell cycle control at the molecular level, the two organisms follow the same phenomenological principle, known as the adder principle, for cell size homeostasis. We thus asked to what extent B. subtilis and E. coli share common physiological principles in coordinating growth and the cell cycle. We measured physiological parameters of B. subtilis under various steady-state growth conditions with and without translation inhibition at both the population and single-cell levels. These experiments revealed core physiological principles shared between B. subtilis and E. coli Specifically, both organisms maintain an invariant cell size per replication origin at initiation, under all steady-state conditions, and even during nutrient shifts at the single-cell level. Furthermore, the two organisms also inherit the same "hierarchy" of physiological parameters. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that the basic principles of coordination between growth and the cell cycle in bacteria may have been established early in evolutionary history.IMPORTANCE High-throughput, quantitative approaches have enabled the discovery of fundamental principles describing bacterial physiology. These principles provide a foundation for predicting the behavior of biological systems, a widely held aspiration. However, these approaches are often exclusively applied to the best-known model organism, E. coli In this report, we investigate to what extent quantitative principles discovered in Gram-negative E. coli are applicable to Gram-positive B. subtilis We found that these two extremely divergent bacterial species employ deeply similar strategies in order to coordinate growth, cell size, and the cell cycle. These similarities mean that the quantitative physiological principles described here can likely provide a beachhead for others who wish to understand additional, less-studied prokaryotes.

Experimental Phenomenology in Mindfulness Research

The present paper argues that experimental phenomenology has an important role to play in research on mindfulness. Experimental phenomenology is defined as a subcategory of phenomenology (defined as the science of our subjective experience of being in the world), which explores the effects of intentional variations of subjective experiencing (direction of attention and choice of attitude) on subsequent experience. To count as experimental phenomenology, both the independent and dependent variable have to be phenomenological. Because mindfulness involves paying attention to present experience with a specific attitude, it is well suited for experimental-phenomenological research. What makes experimental phenomenology into a scientific endeavor is the intersubjective nature of this kind of study: potential effects described by one person can be subjected to replication both by the same person, and by other persons. Also, conclusions drawn on the basis of this kind of study are hypothetical and provisional, and may be modified or specified on the basis of further study. In this paper, the principles of experimental phenomenology are illustrated by (a) variations of a given mindfulness practice (the body scan), and (b) the construction of a personalized mindfulness practice (mindful driving). Finally, three varieties of experimental phenomenology in research on mindfulness are discussed: (1) the use of qualitative methods to analyze mindfulness practices and their potential effects, (2) idiographic research with the use of single-subject designs and experience sampling, and (3) randomized controlled studies of the effects of mindfulness practices on present experience.

Palliative home parenteral nutrition in patients with ovarian cancer and malignant bowel obstruction: experiences of women and family caregivers

BackgroundMalnutrition is a problem in advanced cancer, particularly ovarian cancer where malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a frequent complication. Parenteral nutrition is the only way these patients can received adequate nutrition and is a principal indication for palliative home parenteral nutrition (HPN). Giving HPN is contentious as it may increase the burden on patients. This study investigates patients’ and family caregivers’ experiences of HPN, alongside nutritional status and survival in patients with ovarian cancer and MBO.MethodsThis mixed methods study collected data on participant characteristics, clinical details and body composition using computed tomography (CT) combined with longitudinal in-depth interviews underpinned by phenomenological principles. The cohort comprised 38 women with ovarian cancer and inoperable MBO admitted (10/2016 to 12/ 2017) to a tertiary referral hospital. Longitudinal interviews (n = 57) were carried out with 20 women considered for HPN and 13 of their family caregivers.ResultsOf the 38 women, 32 received parenteral nutrition (PN) in hospital and 17 were discharged on HPN. Nutritional status was poor with 31 of 33 women who had a CT scan having low muscle mass, although 10 were obese. Median overall survival from admission with MBO for all 38 women was 70 days (range 8–506) and for those 17 on HPN was 156 days (range 46–506).Women experienced HPN as one facet of their illness, but viewed it as a “lifeline” that allowed them to live outside hospital. Nevertheless, HPN treatment came with losses including erosion of normality through an impact on activities of daily living and dealing with the bureaucracy surrounding the process. Family caregivers coped but were often left in an emotionally vulnerable state.ConclusionsWomen and family caregivers reported that the inconvenience and disruption caused by HPN was worth the extended time they had at home.

The Constitution of Abstract Objects

AbstractAn abstract singular term is a term that is built in a particular way which is given by the principle of abstraction. Given that F and G are variables, N is a term‐forming operator, and E is an equivalence relation, the principle of abstraction is usually stated as: (F)(G)(NF = NG iff E[F,G]). I distinguish between logical and phenomenological principles of abstraction in the sense that the left‐hand side is abstrahendum and the right‐hand side is abstrahens in the former; in the latter it is vice versa. Frege says that we “carve up the content in a way different from the original one [in the abstrahens], and this yields us a new concept [in the abstrahendum].” I shall follow an approach that differs from the Fregean. Instead of taking an object to be defined as the referent of a term constructed as a singular term, I will take it that an object is the referent of a constitutional act which I explain along Husserlian lines. I will argue that the logical principle of abstraction for numbers demands two steps of abstraction (not exactly Cantorian ones), and that the first one was hidden. When made explicit this step reveals its phenomenological character.

Rhetorical Devices of Pronoun on Donald Trump’s Presidential Speech “Remarks by President Trump to March for Life Participants and Pro-Life Leaders”

Pronouns are used by the politicians in order to make significant effect in their speeches. This study is designed to describe the rhetorical devices of pronoun used by Donald Trump in his presidential speech to March For Life participants and pro-life leaders and to explain how the use of pronoun reflects the intended meaning. The research design of this study is document analysis resting on the principle of phenomenology. The finding shows that pronouns I, My, You, We, Our, and Us are used (1) to create the sense of closeness, informality, no social distance relationship, and togetherness, (2) to claim and demand for shared responsibility, and (3) to show his personal quality in addressing the event. The essence of intended meaning is that to gain trust and to persuade people to accept his vision and ideas.

Reducing risks for pregnant women with epilepsy: A qualitative study exploring experiences of using a toolkit at the antenatal booking appointment

PurposeEpilepsy is a high risk neurological disease associated with an increased risk of indirect maternal mortality due to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. No evidence exists on the antenatal booking risk management process in women with epilepsy. This study therefore aimed to explore the experiences of midwives' in using a maternity epilepsy toolkit designed by the author to assist with this process. Midwives were chosen as the sample as they are predominantly the first health professional to learn of the diagnosis at the antenatal booking appointment. ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to explore the experiences of midwives in using a maternity epilepsy toolkit at the booking appointment. DesignThis is a qualitative study using the principles of hermeneutic phenomenology. SettingThe study setting is in One National Health Service (NHS) Trust in the South of England. ParticipantsThe participants of the study were n = 4 community midwives who used the maternity epilepsy toolkit at the booking appointment. MethodIn-depth semistructured one-to-one interviews were used. MeasurementsAn interview schedule using main questions, probes, and reinforcers was implemented. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were checked against audio recordings for accuracy. AnalysisInductive approach organized by phenomenological framework to identify recurrent codes, patterns, and themes were used for analysis. FindingsThe following three themes clearly emerged: ‘foundations of epilepsy knowledge’, ‘using the toolkit in midwifery practice’, and ‘the toolkits influence on learning’. ConclusionParticipants described lack of epilepsy knowledge and experience prior to using the ‘toolkit’ and how being prepared optimized its use. They articulated how it enabled them to collate the epilepsy and treatment history, share risk management strategies, and expedite referrals appropriately. They discussed how it increased confidence, reduced fear, and inspired motivation toward learning. The results of this study will provide a foundation for future research exploring the impact that the ‘toolkit’ has on multidisciplinary care provision. Implications for practiceThis small study demonstrated the ‘toolkits’ potential as a method of increasing knowledge about epilepsy and risk management. Initiation of its use in early pregnancy is intended to promote effective history taking, facilitate the identification of women at increased risk of morbidity and mortality, and encourage joint working through early multidisciplinary team referral and involvement.This paper is for the Special Issue :Prevent 21: SUDEP Summit - Time to Listen

Understanding the lived experiences of severe postnatal psychiatric illnesses in English speaking South Asian women, living in the UK: a qualitative study protocol

IntroductionThe South Asian population is the UK’s largest and fastest growing minority ethnic group. There is evidence to suggest the lay understanding of postnatal psychiatric illnesses of this group may...

Imaging Genetics Towards a Refined Diagnosis of Schizophrenia.

Current diagnoses of schizophrenia and related psychiatric disorders are classified by phenomenological principles and clinical descriptions while ruling out other symptoms and conditions. Specific biomarkers are needed to assist the current diagnostic system. However, complicated gene and environment interactions induce great disease heterogeneity. This unclear etiology and heterogeneity raise difficulties in distinguishing schizophrenia-related effects. Simultaneously, the overlap in symptoms, genetic variations, and brain alterations in schizophrenia and related psychiatric disorders raises similar difficulties in determining disease-specific effects. Imaging genetics is a unique methodology to assess the impact of genetic factors on both brain structure and function. More importantly, imaging genetics builds a bridge to understand the behavioral and clinical implications of genetics and neuroimaging. By characterizing and quantifying the brain measures affected in psychiatric disorders, imaging genetics is contributing to identifying potential biomarkers for schizophrenia and related disorders. To date, candidate gene analysis, genome-wide association studies, polygenetic risk score analysis, and large-scale collaborative studies have made contributions to the understanding of schizophrenia with the potential to serve as biomarkers. Despite limitations, imaging genetics remains promising as more aggregative, clustering methods and imaging genetics-compatible clinical assessments are employed in future studies. We review imaging genetics’ contribution to our understanding of the heterogeneity within schizophrenia and the commonalities across schizophrenia and other diagnostic borders, and we will discuss whether imaging genetics is ready to form its own diagnostic system.

Family Physicians' Experiences of Physical Examination.

The increased availability of reliable diagnostic technologies has stimulated debate about the utility of physical examination in contemporary clinical practice. To reappraise its utility, we explored family physicians' experiences. Guided by principles of phenomenology, we conducted in-depth qualitative interviews exploring 16 family physicians' experiences of conducting physical examination: 7 (44%) men and 9 women (56%) whose clinical experience varied widely, from 11 (69%) urban and 5 (31%) rural locations. We recorded the interviews, transcribed them verbatim, and identified initial themes using template analysis. We worked reflexively, critiquing our own and other team members' interpretations, in order to synthesize and write a final interpretation. Participants described 2 facets of physical examination: making diagnoses and estimating prognoses rationally and objectively; and responding subjectively and intuitively to patients' illnesses, which formed relationships between doctor and patient that enacted medical care in the moment. Physical examination allowed physicians to use their own bodies to experience patients' illnesses. Performing physical examination was integral to being a family doctor because it promoted rapport and developed trust. Physical examination is part of the identity of family physicians. It not only contributes diagnostic information but is a therapeutic intervention in and of itself. Physical examination contributes to relationship-centered care in family practice.

O significado dos cuidados de enfermagem para o enfermeiro docente

Enquadramento: o cuidado de enfermagem é um conceito singular e multidimensional, sendo condição fulcral para a compreensão do ser humano, objeto central de estudo para os estudantes de enfermagem. Objetivo: este estudo tem como objetivo compreender qual o significado do cuidado de enfermagem para o enfermeiro docente. Metodologia: é um estudo de natureza qualitativa seguindo os princípios da fenomenologia utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas. Questionamos 10 enfermeiros a desempenharem funções de ensino. Resultados: os resultados conferem aos cuidados de enfermagem significados oferecidos pelos docentes enfermeiros de competências que circulam em volta dos diferentes saberes: saber, saber ser e saber fazer, de entre os quais adquirem maior significado o saber e o saber fazer em sequência lógica vistos como indissociáveis. Conclusão: a formação circula em torno de um conjunto de saberes para construção do perfil dos futuros enfermeiros, mobilizando, integrando e transferindo todos eles, com a finalidade de promover cuidados humanizados e de bem-estar em que a autonomia é o fim último a atingir.

Friendships through the style choice of virtual stickers: Young adults manage aesthetic identity and emotion on a social messaging line app

With social media and modern pop culture (e.g., virtual stickers) reshaping social dynamics, young Taiwanese consumers who engage in social messaging via the Line app are introducing new interaction avenues that change communication habits and style choices to meet their tastes and interpersonal needs. This article analyzes the links between style choice and young consumers’ experiences to elucidate the contours of virtual sticker possession when managing aesthetic identity and emotions for friendships. The methodological approach to this research follows the principles of interpretive phenomenology. The results demonstrate that Taiwanese culture’s consolidating forces clash with alternative styles in the different contexts of friendships. In terms of modern pop culture and Taiwanese cultural reflexivity, young consumers are contemplating the possibilities of embracing new ways of managing their friendships.

"I just love it": Avid knitters describe health and well-being through occupation.

Examining craft-based occupations is necessary to explicate the relationship between occupation and well-being. This study aimed to understand the role of knitting in the lives of passionate knitters and their experience of how knitting contributes to health, well-being, and occupational identity. Principles of phenomenology guided interviews with 21 knitting-guild members (with and without health conditions) and observations at seven guild meetings as well as guided the data analysis. Eight interviewees and 24 additional guild members confirmed key findings in writing. Five main themes capture how knitting (a) "makes me happy," (b) is "the mental challenge I need," (c) is "a hobby that joins" through social connections and skill development, (d) sustains identity such that "I can't imagine life without knitting," and (e) is a creative outlet "reflecting my personality." This in-depth description of how knitters experience their craft in daily life bolsters the philosophical assumption that favoured occupations have the power to promote health and well-being.

Toward the Implementation of a Multifaith Approach in Religious Education: A Phenomenological Guide

This study explores phenomenology of religion as a potential guide for the implementation of a multifaith religious education curriculum in Zimbabwe. The study relies on document analysis, in particular the 1999 Presidential Commission of Inquiry into Education and Training report, the Curriculum Framework for Primary and Secondary Education (2015–2022), and literature on multifaith religious education and phenomenology of religion. While these documents recommend the adoption of a multifaith approach in religious education, they are silent on the methodological framework. As such, I posit that principles of phenomenology of religion are a potential guiding framework for teachers to effectively engage multifaith syllabi.

An exploration of why qualified mental health nurse prescribers do not prescribe

This article is an exploratory study of perceptions in mental health nurses who are qualified to prescribe yet choose not to do so. In-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews, field notes and analysis of documents were used to investigate the perceptions of the non–prescribing nurse prescriber. A mapping exercise was conducted to identify potential participants. Interview data analysis was based on the principles of descriptive phenomenology and the research was theoretically framed within concepts of power, structure/agency and culture. This study has contributed to understanding the views of non-prescribing mental health nurse prescribers on why they do not use their prescribing qualification. The findings from this study suggest that there are complex, interlocking factors: power and knowledge; culture; and structure and agency, which may enable or prevent mental health nurse prescribers from independently prescribing.

Investigación cualitativa: Método fenomenológico hermenéutico

<p>Este artículo presenta nociones fundamentales de uno de los métodos de investigación cualitativa, nos referimos a la fenomenología hermenéutica sustentada en las teorías de Van Manen, Raquel Ayala y Miguel Martínez. Este enfoque conduce a la descripción e interpretación de la esencia de las experiencias vividas, reconoconoce el significado y la importacia en la pedagogía, psicología y sociología según la experiencia recogida. Este método constituye procesos rigurosos y coherentes de las dimensiones éticas de la experiencia cotidiana, difícilmente accesibles por otros métodos usuales de investigación. En esta contribución, se presenta algunas nociones metodológicas centradas en los principios de la fenomenología y sus fases: etapa previa o clarificación de presupuestos, recoger la experiencia vivida, reflexionar acerca de la experiencia vivida o etapa estructural y, finalmente, escribir-reflexionar acerca de la experiencia vivida evidenciada en fisonomía individual y grupal o llamada también texto fenomenológico.</p>