Local Principle Research Articles

On the conservation results for local reflection principles

Abstract For a class $\varGamma $ of formulas, $\varGamma $ local reflection principle $\textrm{Rfn}_{\varGamma }(T)$ for a theory $T$ of arithmetic is a scheme formalizing the $\varGamma $-soundness of $T$. Beklemishev (1997, Theoria, 63, 139–146) proved that for every $\varGamma \in \{\varSigma _{n}, \varPi _{n+1} \mid n \geq 1\}$, the full local reflection principle $\textrm{Rfn}(T)$ is $\varGamma $-conservative over $T + \textrm{Rfn}_{\varGamma }(T)$. We firstly generalize the conservation theorem to nonstandard provability predicates: we prove that the second condition $\textbf{D2}$ of the derivability conditions is a sufficient condition for the conservation theorem to hold. We secondly investigate the conservation theorem in terms of Rosser provability predicates. We construct Rosser predicates for which the conservation theorem holds and Rosser predicates for which the theorem does not hold.

Donoho–Stark and Price uncertainty principles for a class of q-integral transforms with bounded kernels

Abstract We consider a very global q-integral transform, essentially characterized by having a bounded kernel and satisfying a set of natural and useful properties for the realization of applications. The main ambition of this work is to seek conditions that guarantee uncertainty principles of the Donoho–Stark type for that class of q-integral transforms. It should be noted that the global character of the q-integral transform in question allows one to immediately deduce corresponding Donoho–Stark uncertainty principles for q-integral operators that are its particular cases. These particular cases are very well-known operators, namely: a q-cosine-Fourier transform, a q-sine-Fourier transform, a q-Fourier transform, a q-Bessel–Fourier transform and a q-Dunkl transform. Moreover, generalizations of the local uncertainty principle of Price for the q-cosine-Fourier transform, q-sine-Fourier transform, q-Fourier transform, q-Bessel–Fourier transform and q-Dunkl transform are also obtained.

Compositional quantum field theory: An axiomatic presentation

We introduce Compositional Quantum Field Theory (CQFT) as an axiomatic model of quantum field theory, based on the principles of locality and compositionality. Our model is a refinement of the axioms of general boundary quantum field theory, and is phrased in terms of correspondences between certain commuting diagrams of gluing identifications between manifolds and corresponding commuting diagrams of state-spaces and linear maps, thus making it amenable to formalization in terms of involutive symmetric monoidal functors and operad algebras. The underlying novel framework for gluing leads to equivariance of CQFT. We study CQFTs in dimension 2 and the algebraic structure they define on open and closed strings. We also consider, as a particular case, the compositional structure of 2-dimensional pure quantum Yang–Mills theory.

Local Activity Principle: Cause of Insulin Secretion by Pancreatic $\beta $-cells

Local Activity Principle: Cause of Insulin Secretion by Pancreatic $\beta $-cells

Generalized Invariance Principles for Stochastic Dynamical Systems and Their Applications

Investigating long-term behaviors of stochastic dynamical systems often requires to establish criteria that are able to describe delicate dynamics of the considered systems. In this article, we develop generalized invariance principles for continuous-time stochastic dynamical systems. Particularly, in a sense of probability one and by the developed semimartingale convergence theorem, we not only establish a local invariance principle, but also provide a generalized global invariance principle that allows the sign of the diffusion operator to be positive in some bounded region. We further provide an estimation for the time when a trajectory, initiating outside a particular bounded set, eventually enters it. Finally, we use several representative examples, including stochastic oscillating dynamics, to illustrate the practical usefulness of our analytical criteria in deciphering the stabilization or/and the synchronization dynamics of stochastic systems.

Sneglehusene Housing: Case study based on Bioclimatic Strategies

Bioclimatic architecture is a sustainable construction approach that seeks to integrate local climatic conditions in the design of buildings, where one of the main objectives is to maximize thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption through the efficient use of natural resources, such as sunlight, natural ventilation and rainwater collection. To achieve this, materials and construction techniques adapted to the local climate are used, as well as the incorporation of renewable energy systems. This article is the result of research carried out in the Contemporary Bioclimatic Project discipline of the Postgraduate Program in Architecture, Urbanism and Landscaping at the Federal University of Santa Maria, and its purpose is to analyze the bioclimatic strategies applied in the Sneglehusene Housing, located in the city of Aarhus in Denmark. The methodology used for the analysis was based on studies of its implementation, adaptation to the local climate, principles and passive strategies for environmental comfort, landscaping strategies and materiality. Denmark is a world reference on this subject and seeks to encourage a healthier lifestyle in its cities, with the Sneglehusene Housing being an example of a building designed for common well-being and focusing on bioclimatic architecture..

Mirror symmetry and new approach to constructing orbifolds of Gepner models

Motivated by the principles of the conformal bootstrap, primarily the principle of Locality, simultaneously with the requirement of space-time supersymmetry, we reconsider constructions of compactified superstring models. Starting from requirements of space-time supersymmetry and mutual locality, we construct a complete set of physical fields of orbifolds of Gepner models. To technically implement this, we use spectral flow generators to construct all physical fields from the chiral primary fields. The set of these spectral flow operators forms a so-called admissible group Gadm, which defines a given orbifold. The action of these operators produces a collection of physical fields consistent with the action of supersymmetry generators. The selection of mutually local fields from this collection is carried out using the mirror group Gadm⁎. The permutation of Gadm and Gadm⁎ replaces the original orbifold with a mirror one that satisfies the same conditions as the original one. This also implies that the resulting model is modular invariant.

Harmonizing Loss Accounting with Local Cultural and Religious Principles

This research aims to construct loss accounting practices by "binthe biluhuta" sellers based on local wisdom and religious values. This study uses a spiritual paradigm with an Islamic ethnomethodological approach. This approach develops modern ethnomethodology under a secular (interpretive) paradigm. The author conducted observations and interviews with residents to obtain local cultural data. The data obtained was validated using the source triangulation method. The study found that sharing, among others, is a seller's way of avoiding losses. In Gorontalo's Islamic culture, elders often convey these values through advice dilla bo ilaato binthe wawu pale—the meaning of the family statement. The results of this study indicate that the loss accounting implemented by binthe biluhuta sellers is not limited to material things (money) but conditions with local cultural values and faith in the Creator. The theoretical implication of the results of this study is that local wisdom contained in loss accounting implemented by binthe biluhuta sellers can be combined with loss accounting theory to make it more holistic. The concept of loss accounting by binthe biluhuta can be used by sellers with a materialist, humanist, and religious spirit when building a business.

Environmental conservation based on Mamar system as local wisdom of West Timor, East Nusa Tenggara

Purpose. To analyze the environmental conservation practices based on the Mamar system as local wisdom and related social structures as a mechanism for environmental conservation in West Timor, East Nusa Tenggara. Results: Mamar system has persisted since the 17th century since it is applied with mechanisms and approaches to the needs of local communities for the preservation of natural resources in the long and sustainable term. This system is applied by cultivating land for perennials, food crops, fodder crops, and livestock rearing.. Environmental conservation is implemented on the basis of the local principles such as Bua, Nuni, and Bunu. The local customary regulations were set and supervised by the guards called Mataf and Ketiut Po’an, in which the individuals who violated the regulations will get a sanction called Tasane. By adhering to the local belief system, the community naturally consider that their action in taking a use of natural resources wisely is part of maintaining the sustainability. Besides, the local community also pursue the harmonious relationship with the inhabitants of a particular forest area or spring through ritual ceremonies. Conclusions: Practically, Mamar can be interpreted as an “artificial oasis: built by Amarasi local community in West Timor as a strategy to adapt in the adverse environmental conditions. Mamar system sustained the socio-economic and cultural life of the Amarasi community through its’ ecological, economic and social variables. The conservation based on Mamar system is carried out and maintained by applying the local values that are authentic, straightforward and measurable in accordance with the situation and conditions of the community

CURRENT PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF MONITORING MEASURES ON THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN A TEACHING UNIVERSITY

The essence of the phenomenon of monitoring the quality of education is revealed, which is considered as a research process that requires constant and standardized monitoring of various aspects of the provision of educational services; analysis of received information to identify changes and prevent the occurrence of negative phenomena; regular evaluation and forecasting of the further development of the higher education system. The peculiarities of monitoring the quality of education in institutions of higher education are traced using the example of internal and external monitoring at the Poltava National Pedagogical University named after V.G. Korolenko in accordance with the general goals of the strategic priorities of the institution's development. It is noted that the analysis of monitoring results allows to monitor the real situation of educational activity in the institution of higher education, to forecast its improvement, to make managerial decisions regarding the correction of selected strategies for ensuring the quality of the educational process.
 Attention is focused on the principles of monitoring the quality of education. The need to develop for higher education institutions, along with general, local principles that reflect the specifics of these institutions and the professional competencies that are formed by them, is substantiated. The authors propose to introduce as a local principle of monitoring the quality of education in pedagogical higher education institutions the principle of its professionally determined organization, which means an orientation towards increasing the subjectivity of the students of pedagogical education in the course of monitoring, expanding the forms of their participation in it. In this way, monitoring the quality of education, in addition to its direct purpose, acquires the essence of another resource for the formation of the professional competence of the future teacher in practical personally and professionally significant activities.

The Urgency of Protecting Customary Forests Based on The Principle of Local Wisdom in North Aceh

Objective: One of the issues raised in the research on the recognition of customary forests in North Aceh District concerns the issue of customary forests after the Constitutional Court (MK) decision No. 35/PUU-X/2012 regarding customary forests. Indigenous forests are now officially recognised as belonging to indigenous communities, no longer to the state. This recognition comes from During 2016 to 2021, forests in Aceh have experienced deforestation of 100,510 hectares of forest, thus Aceh's forest cover is currently 3,004,532 hectares. Methods: This research started from July 2023 to November 2023. This research is an empirical legal research with a qualitative approach that uses primary data and secondary data to obtain primary data, respondents and informants are determined. Results: The purpose of this study is to maximise Criminal Law Enforcement Against Forestry Crimes in Aceh, seeking related agencies and law enforcers to provide protection of customary forests based on local wisdom in forestry crimes and recognition from the Aceh government to determine or sort out which land is state forest and which is customary forest land so as to provide welfare for Indigenous Peoples, especially in this study in Aceh. Discussion: The recognition of customary forests in Aceh has been regulated in Qanun No. 7 of 2016 concerning Aceh Forestry, but in this study, namely North Aceh District and Central Aceh District, the recognition of customary forests is still not effective, among others, influenced by juridical factors, economic factors and community culture, and social factors.Against the Urgency of Indigenous Forest Protection Based on Local Wisdom Principles in Aceh, especially in this study in North Aceh District and Central Aceh District against law enforcement carried out in forestry crimes using customary sanctions in the form of paying fines such as, diyat, suloh, and sayam.

Polarization and multiscale structural balance in signed networks

Polarization, or a division into mutually hostile groups, is a common feature of social systems. It is studied in Structural Balance Theory in terms of semicycles in signed networks. However, enumerating semicycles is computationally expensive, so approximations are often needed. Here we introduce the Multiscale Semiwalk Balance approach for measuring the degree of balance (DoB) in (un)directed, (un)weighted signed networks by approximating semicycles with closed semiwalks. It allows selecting the resolution of analysis appropriate for assessing DoB motivated by the Locality Principle, which posits that patterns in shorter cycles are more important than in longer ones. Our approach overcomes several limitations affecting walk-based approximations and provides methods for assessing DoB at various scales, from graphs to individual nodes, and for clustering signed networks. We demonstrate its effectiveness by applying it to real-world social systems, which leads to explainable results for networks with expected patterns (polarization in the US Congress) and a more nuanced perspective for other systems. Our work may facilitate studying polarization and structural balance in a variety of contexts and at multiple scales.

Numerical simulation research on multiphase flow of aviation centrifugal pump based on OpenFOAM

This paper aims to tackle the calculation efficiency problem raised in the cavitation-flow simulation of the aviation centrifugal pump due to the fading-away interface resulting from the dissipation of numerics used in the phase-change control equation for unstructured-grid multiphase flow, and due to the limitation of flow time-step in whole flow regimes, the control equation of vapor–liquid two-phase flow considering cavitation mass transport is established firstly, modifying the momentum equation by introducing the surface tension, and adding the artificial convective flow to the phase equation to solve the numerical dissipation problem. Secondly, in consideration of the local time step principle and based on the multi-dimensional general limiter algorithm with explicit solutions under the OpenFOAM platform, a solution method of steady-state VOF (Volume of Fluid) model considering cavitation two-phase change is constructed, and the feasibility of this method is verified by NACA hydrofoil and NASA flat plate inducer. Finally, based on the platform developed, the cavitation performance of an aviation centrifugal pump inducer is analyzed. The research results show that the error of the calculated cavitation pressure distribution for NACA hydrofoil between the simulation test and the experimental-test is less than 5%, and the maximum error of calculated cavitation number at pump head dropping for NASA high-speed flat plate inducer between the simulation test and the experimental-test is 2.1%. The cavitation area observed in the simulation test is the same as that obtained in the high-speed photography test. Based on the OpenFOAM simulation method, the position of pump head dropping of the fuel centrifugal pump can be accurately captured. The error of the calculated cavitation number at pump head dropping between the simulation test and the experimental test is about 3.7%, showing high calculation accuracy.

Modern Architecture of the Second Half of the XX Century in Local Contexts: Comparative Analysis of Housing Estates in Izmir, Turkey and Tychy, Poland

The modernist architecture of the twentieth century, often referred to as the International Style, exhibited diverse forms and urban layouts shaped by local cultural, economic, and political factors. To comprehensively understand the architectural heritage of this era, it is essential to consider both universal and local principles. This paper explores the adaptation of modernism within a local context by analysing the urban layouts of housing estates in Izmir (Turkey) and Tychy (Poland), constructed during the latter half of the twentieth century. The aim is to enhance our understanding of the architectural heritage of this modernist period through a comparative analysis. The selection of these examples is based on their shared formal similarities, despite the vastly different contexts in which they were built. While the circumstances surrounding the two cases were starkly dissimilar, the scale of the buildings and the spatial arrangements exhibit similarities. This study employs a mixed-method approach, incorporating qualitative methods such as observation and case study alongside quantitative methods such as research and surveys. The comparative analysis presented in this paper illuminates the local idiosyncrasies of architecture while unveiling the complexity of the modernist architectural legacy and the intricate developmental processes that culminated in ostensibly similar spatial outcomes. This proposed comparative analysis aims to address existing gaps in the literature on modern housing and contribute to broader discussions within an international context. It intends to promote knowledge, raise awareness, and contribute to the sustainable discourse of modern architecture.

Nonlocal symmetries, nonlocally related systems, similarity solutions and conservation laws of the Tzitzéica-Dodd-Bullogh equation

In this paper, a methodical procedure is utilized for the identification of nonlocal symmetries of the (1+1)-dimensional Tzitzéica-Dodd-Bullogh equation. Firstly, by introducing a set of canonical coordinates corresponding to the local Lie point symmetries, the considered partial differential eq. (PDE) is mapped to an invertibly equivalent PDE system. Furthermore, nonlocal symmetries are obtained from the inverse potential system of the invertibly equivalent PDE system. The exact solutions for the aforementioned PDE are acquired with the help of the extended generalized Kudryashov method corresponding to the admitted symmetries. In addition, the derivation of local conservation laws for the Tzitzéica-Dodd-Bullogh equation is obtained through the multiplier method. Moreover, using a symmetry-based technique and local conservation principles, a complete tree of nonlocally related PDE systems has been constructed.

Nonlocality, Superposition, and Time in the 4+1 Formalism.

The field of quantum gravity struggles with several problems related to time, quantum measurement, nonlocality, and realism. To address these issues, this study develops a 4+1 formalism featuring a flat 4D spacetime evolving with a second form of time, τ, worldlines that locally conserve momentum, and a hypersurface representing the present. As a function of τ, worldlines can spatially readjust and influences can travel backward or forward in the time dimension along these worldlines, offering a physical mechanism for retrocausality. Three theoretical models are presented, elucidating how nonlocality in an EPR experiment, the arrival time problem, and superposition in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer can be understood within this 4+1 framework. These results demonstrate that essential quantum phenomena can be reproduced in the 4+1 formalism while upholding the principles of realism, locality, and determinism at a fundamental level. Additionally, there is no measurement or collapse problem, and a natural explanation for the quantum-to-classical transition is obtained. Furthermore, observations of a 4D block universe and of the flow of time can be simultaneously understood. With these properties, the presented 4+1 formalism lays an interesting foundation for a quantum gravity theory based on intuitive principles and compatible with our observation of time.

«СУБ’ЄКТИВНЕ» ТА «ОБ’ЄКТИВНЕ» ЯК МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНА ПРОБЛЕМА

Today, many concepts from the dictionaries of academic psychology have entered the language of everyday communication. Perhaps the most common are the concepts of «subjective» and «objective». In many textbooks of psychology, «objective» is understood as something that belongs to the object itself, something that does not depend on the subject. The objective is opposed to the subjective-personal. Experimental research in the field of quantum physics questioned the division of the world into an impartial «objective reality» and its «subjective» (not impartial, biased) reflection, which provoked a crisis in this field of knowledge and the methodology of science as a whole. The main methodological problems of psychology are the question of the place of the mental in nature; on the relationship of mental and material phenomena, on the possibilities of human cognition - questions that also arose in the depths of quantum physics and were predetermined by the internal logic of their development. An excursion into quantum physics was necessary, firstly, for a deep understanding that reality is given to us in our sensations, perceptions, ideas and mental constructs (this was evidenced by the so-called «double slit experiment» and its interpretations) and we cannot say anything about reality as it is «in itself»; secondly, the realization that the foundations on which our knowledge is built differ from those in quantum physics. Currently, there is a dichotomy between material (physical) and conceptual reality. Thus, the principle of locality, which professes ordinary consciousness and according to which specific objects occupy a specific place in time and space, contradicts the principle of non-locality, according to which isolated systems do not exist at all and every particle of the universe is in «instantaneous» communication with all other particles. The world is created from the same quantum substance and it is impossible to say that one is the cause of the other. (This statement implies, in particular, a rethinking of the «principle of determinism» which requires the establishment of unambiguous causal relationships). The reality in which we live is not quantum, our language and stereotypes of thinking do not correspond to the nature of the phenomena described by quantum physics. It is about the deep properties of matter. Personally, I got the impression that the deeper you plunge into the world of atomic and subatomic, the more the outlines of the specific, material world familiar to us become blurred and the thinner the line between the physical and conceptual world, between the material and the spiritual becomes. The purpose of this article is to define the concepts of "objective" and "subjective" based on the analysis of achievements in quantum physics in the context of psychology.

Absorbing Markov Chain Saliency Driven Active Contour Model for Digital Image Boundary Extraction

The image segmentation approach using the active contour model (ACM) has achieved notable success in digital image analysis for extracting image boundaries. The region-based ACM can be divided into two classes: global segmentation and selective segmentation. Global segmentation, in which all desired boundaries of targeted objects are extracted from an input image, is preferable to the selective model due to its high utility, particularly in shape analysis. However, when segmenting a digital image with inhomogeneous intensity, the global ACM appears to produce unsatisfactory results. Thus, this research provides a new global ACM for segmenting digital images with an inhomogeneous intensity incorporating an absorption Markov chain (AMC) saliency image map and local image fitting principles. In addition, the Euler-Lagrange (EL) Partial Differential equation for solving the proposed model was provided. Thirty sets of digital images were used to validate the model. The accuracy of the proposed model, as indicated by Dice and Jaccard values, is approximately 3.81% and 10.63% higher, respectively, than that of the competing model, as determined by numerical analysis. In addition, the segmentation process taken by the proposed model is faster than the existing model. The proposed model has high potential to be extended into colour and multiphase formulations in future research.

Exploring the culinary heritage: Strategies for promoting gastronomy tourism in Tourism Village Tista Tabanan

This study explores strategies to promote local cuisine as a central element of gastronomy tourism in Tista Tourism Village, inspired by the UNWTO's recognition of Ubud in 2019. Using qualitative research methods, this study merges the Triangle of Indonesian Gastronomy theory with Local Cuisine Development principles. Subsequent data analysis employed qualitative descriptive methods, IFAS matrix, EFAS matrix, and SWOT analysis. The evaluation of the internal-external matrix (IE) pinpointed the recommended strategy of elevating local cuisine into a central offering of gastronomy tourism, situated within cell I. This conclusion finds support in the IFE score of 3.3 and EFE score of 3.02. Emphasizing cultural and historical aspects, this approach involves crafting narratives that connect local cuisine to its origins. The SWOT analysis yields four strategies focusing on preserving cultural heritage and enhancing existing attractions for an enriched gastronomy tourism experience, this research enhances gastronomic tourism in Tista Tourism Village and provides a strategic framework for stakeholders which supports sustainable development by leveraging strengths, addressing weaknesses, and mitigating potential threats. Active community engagement fosters ownership and participation are vital findings to enhance the initiative's enduring success, to conclude The study's critical findings are that entities such as the local community, POKDARWIS, and Village authorities have the sense of active engagement to nurture a sense of ownership and participation as it is crucial for the enduring success 0f gastronomy tourism.

Moving green infrastructure planning from theory to practice in sub-Saharan African cities requires collaborative operationalization

Researchers increasingly consider the systematic integration of green infrastructure (GI) concepts in urban planning as an essential approach to tackle significant current and future challenges. Cities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face rapid urbanization, unregulated land-use practices, and poor enforcement of policies. These cities struggle to address the depletion and degradation of existing GI that increases their vulnerability to climatic hazards that threaten ecosystem integrity, and compromise human health. This paper draws on a review of policy documents, semi-structured interviews with metro officials, and cross-sector focus group discussions to explore ways to operationalize GI spatial planning and design on the ground. Through a case study of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa, which takes a public-private co-development approach, we investigate the uptake of GI planning principles, the challenges, and local proposals for GI applications. In conjunction with the literature, we discuss the alternatives at hand. The local policy documents reflected many planning principles anchored in the Global North literature. Together with public and private partners, we co-developed four locally informed GI objectives: environmental protection, safety, joint ownership, and collaborative governance. We co-identified local planning principles and three strategies for operationalizing GI planning, including working with conventional planning, greater flexibility and creativity, and cross-sectoral collaboration. The findings suggest that collaborative strategies that allow greater access and the active, diverse use of GI could provide much-required cross-sectoral care and management. The real challenge is the establishment of such participatory partnerships as mechanisms to consolidate diverse priorities and co-develop technical and financial alternatives.