Governance Principles Research Articles

Features of Transformation of Worldview Attitudes among Russian Youth in the Context of Geopolitical Conflict

Drawing from nationwide surveys conducted between 2006 and 2023, this study illustrates the specific transformation of worldview attitudes among Russian youth aged 18-24 compared to the general population. This transformation occurs within the context of the global confrontation between Russia and the collective West. The analysis focuses on the clash between two ideological positions: advocates for a Western-oriented path of development for Russia and proponents of civilisational sovereignty, advocating for a unique developmental path for the country. The examination revolves around three groups of indicators:
 1. Perceptions of the country's development path and its position in the world (indicators: perceptions of the necessity and priorities of changes within the country; ideas about Russia's place in the world; assessment of the path Russia is following).
 2. Views on societal structure (ideas about an ideal model for human-state-society relations; desired image of the future Russia).
 3. Life values and attitudes (prioritisation of individual interests versus societal interests; perspectives on actions required to achieve personal goals).
 The conclusion drawn is that the new phase of societal transformations in Russia, beginning with the onset of special military operations in Ukraine in February 2022, presented a significant challenge to Russian society as a whole, particularly impacting the youth aged 18-24. The primary vector of events, marked by heightened confrontation between Russia and the West, conflicted with the worldview perceptions of the youth. A considerable part of the youth was oriented toward a model of country development resembling contemporary Western societies, embracing liberal-democratic principles in state governance, and seeking opportunities to shape life strategies within a transnational environment. However, based on the data from 2023, the potential bifurcation point in the mindsets of the youth has been passed. The emerging divergence in attitudes among 18-24-year-old Russians from the overall trend in societal mood is diminishing. There is a reduced demand for change, reaching its lowest point, and the level of trust in key government representatives is at or below the corresponding indicators for the general population. Instead, there appears to be a shift toward more intricate processes of adaptation among the youth aged 18-24 to the current situation. They seem to be searching for compromises between their previously held attitudes and the changing reality they face.

Сomparative Analysis of Political Technologies for Optimizing the Intraregional Space of the State

This article examines foreign experience in managing regional development processes. The author has carried out a comparative analysis of the political mechanisms for optimizing the intraregional policy of the state, the essence of which is the use of various approaches and principles of regional governance. At the same time, the article pays great attention to the problem of differentiation of the regional space. The author analyzes the political technologies which are applied by the governments of different countries and focused on the formation and optimization of the intraregional space. The experience of Poland is considered from the standpoint of the implementation of regional governance during the period of administrative reform there; the experience of Austria and Belgium, which is studied in the aspect of institutional provision of regional policy. The French mechanisms of public administration are studied, with the help of which it was possible to achieve sustainable regional development of the country. Basing of the generalization of foreign experience, the main political technologies for optimizing the intraregional space are provided in then article, in particular: decentralization, regionalization, multi-level regional policy.

Good Governance Principles in Buddhism for Business and Politics Administration

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the principles of good governance in accordance with the rules and regulations of the office of the Thai Prime Minister; 2) to analyze Buddhist teachings related to the principles of good governance; and 3) to analyze the benefits of good governance principles in Buddhism for business and politics administration. This is a qualitative research. The researchers have studied and discovered the principles of good governance from Buddhist texts, books, documents, journals and related researches. The data were analyzed, discussed and presented in descriptive details along with analysis and recommendation per each aspect. The results of the research were found that: 1. The principles of good governance comprised of 6 important components: 1) Rule of law: enacting law, rule and regulation which are update, fair and just to everyone with equal implementation without discrimination. 2) Merit: praising virtue and merit; adhering to the rightness and goodness; and encouraging government officials and people to have honesty, sincerity, diligence, patience, discipline, and perform trustworthy occupations and professions. 3) Transparency: creating trust among each other by improving working mechanism of each person and organization to be transparent by revealing information straightforwardly, and providing ease to people in accessing the information. 4) Participation: Providing opportunities to people to participate, express ideas, set up plan and policy, and make decision on important issues. 5) Accountability: paying attention to public problems; placing importance on right, duty and social responsibility as well as having braveness to accept the results of his or her own conduct. 6) Economy: using limited resources for the great benefits; encouraging people not to spend luxurious life, and knowing to save and use resources worthily. 2. The principles of good governance in Buddhism can be presented as follows: 1) Rule of law: The Buddha enacted discipline with equity and fairness without discrimination; all Buddhist people have to practice in the same rule and discipline equally. 2) Merit: Buddhism praises merit and virtue more than other things. There are many Buddhist teachings related to good governance which can be presented as Dasarajadhamma or the tenfold code of the king or virtues of the ruler. 3) Transparency: Buddhism encourages Buddhist people to practice in the rule and discipline to be transparent by having good conduct in action, good conduct in word, and good conduct in thought. 4) Participation: Buddhism places great importance on participation; this can be seen in Aparihaniyadhamma, which means the principles leading never to decline but only to prosperity. 5) Accountability: Buddhism teaches that everyone is born with duty and responsibility to themselves, to their relatives and society; everyone has to be responsible for his or her own conduct. 6) Economy: Buddhism teaches people to use resources with saving and worthiness such as the principle of moderation (Mattannuta) which suggests people to have moderation, temperance, and sense of proportion in spending resources. 3. Good governance principles in Buddhism have great benefits for business and politics administration as follows: in terms of governance, good governance principles in Buddhism can help to improve the governance to have good discipline and regularity, eliminate misconduct and corruption. In terms of economy, good governance principles in Buddhism can generate fairness and equity in carrying on an occupation, and improve right and freedom in doing business with knowledge and capability. In terms of society, good governance principles in Buddhism can support and encourage the society to live with happiness and peace, create social equity and integrity, improve human right, and build society to have harmony and unity.

The EU׳s Regional Refugees Approach: A Double-Edged, but Promising Approach

The European Union has drawn on its migration policy in the Middle East and North Africa as a method of region-building that takes resilience as its “Governing Principle” when responding to crises. The central theme of resilience is to keep refugees closer to their home instead of flowing into Europe. This approach might be promising, yet it has both positive and negative effects. In the absence of adequate resources, resilience building may exacerbate the economic, political and social vulnerabilities already existing in these countries. In addition, resilience does not seem to put an end to the refugees’ suffering which, in turn, leads to increasing demands for better services, which could ultimately lead to violent riots that endanger the security of these states. Hence, resilience may seem to jeopardise rather than safeguard the security of these hosts. However, considering the case of displacement from Syria, the article focuses on the EU’s approach to refugees in its neighbourhood, and attempts an in-depth analysis of the EU’s refugee cooperation with Jordan, one of the key regional hosts, to argue that while resilience might be an approach with opposing effects, the EU and Jordan are working to make it a promising one. Their focus is to maintain a balance between the interests of refugees and of local communities. More importantly, the role of resilience in preserving Jordan’s economic and social stability and its social cohesion makes it a more promising approach than simply providing humanitarian assistance.

Creating conditions for sustainability transformation through transformative governance – The case of plastic food packaging in Finland

Transformative governance is an emerging approach to addressing major sustainability challenges. Despite the mounting research on this topic, there is still limited understanding on how to create conditions for transformation in practice. Through an analytical frame of transformative governance, in this qualitative case study we investigate how policies and governance in Finland have created conditions for sustainability transformation in food packaging, a key source of plastics pollution, and how the joint implementation of different transformative approaches affects their power to induce systemic change. Our results, based on policy mapping and stakeholder interviews, show that applying principles of transformative governance is necessary but not yet effective enough for creating conditions that encourage and motivate key actors to advance in sustainability transformation. Joint implementation of different transformative approaches and modes of governance can be beneficial, but it is also challenging and may in the worst case even weaken the transformative power and slow down progress. The current governance has fostered packaging waste recycling but does not effectively solve the root cause of unsustainability: mounting consumption of single-use packaging, despite current policy targets and active use of transformative approaches. To reduce packaging consumption and create favourable conditions for packaging reuse, more emphasis is needed on transformative innovation policies, as well as setting more ambitious and proactive measures such as implementing tighter legislation and carrying out ex-ante impact evaluations when designing new policies and regulation. Integrative governance should also be strengthened to improve directionality and policy coherence.

THE ELOGE PROGRAMME AS ACCESS TO THE SELF- EVALUATION OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES ACCORDING TO THE TWELVE PRINCIPLES OF GOOD GOVERNANCE OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE: THE CASE OF LITHUANIA

The problem of quality of governance is one of the most important issues raised nowadays by international and local organisations. In order to adapt to the rapid processes of globalisation and glocalisation, various methods are being sought to optimise forms of democratic governance in Western countries or among countries which are leaning towards the West. The aim of the article is to increase government accountability and responsibility, promote citizen involvement, and strengthen government-societal relations and trust. In order to achieve this goal, the European Union proposes to give more powers to local government institutions, because they are closest to the citizens, can more effectively assess their needs, and attain them more effectively. To achieve this goal, the 12 principles of Good Governance, recommended by the Council of Europe, are used, and ELoGE (European Label of Governance Excellence) is used as a tool to assess the existence of these principles in local government. The purpose of this article is to identify factors that determine the implementation of the principles in local government, and to ascertain the most important characteristics that would influence the implementation of Good Governance in local government, taking into account the ELoGE evaluation methodology.

An Examination of The Link Between Business Ethics and Corporate Governance Principles of Smes in Kwazulu Natal, South Africa: Application of Shareholder Theory

This study examines the relationship between business ethics and corporate governance principles in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the KwaZulu Natal region of South Africa. It aims to understand how ethical behavior and practices within SMEs can promote good corporate governance, using the framework of shareholder theory. The study employs a quantitative research design, collecting data from a sample of 217 active SMEs through a close-ended questionnaire. The data is analysed using statistical methods, including chi-square tests, Spearman ranked correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. The results indicate a significant positive correlation between business ethics and corporate governance in SMEs, emphasizing the importance of ethical conduct in maximising shareholder value while considering broader ethical implications. Based on the findings, several recommendations are provided. SMEs should prioritise the development of robust ethical frameworks, promote a culture of integrity and accountability, and invest in ethical leadership development. Collaboration and knowledge-sharing among SMEs can facilitate the adoption of ethical practices. Policymakers and regulatory bodies should recognise the significance of business ethics and corporate governance in SMEs and provide support and incentives for their implementation.

Analysis of the Effect of PSAK 109 Implementation on Good Corporate Governance of Amil Zakat Institutions

In 2020, the Indicators of Zakat Potential Mapping (IPPZ) also released the total potential for collecting zakat funds of IDR 327.6 trillion. However, Puskas Baznas in 2021 publicized that the collection of zakat funds was only around 4% of the total potential collection. The implementation of the principles of Good Corporate Governance is an effort to optimize the collection and utilization of zakat funds by encouraging the performance of zakat management organizations to be more effective, efficient and professional. PSAK 109 on accounting for zakat infak and sedekah aims to standardize the financial governance of zakat management organizations which includes standards of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of PSAK 109 implementation on strengthening the Good Corporate Governance of the Amil Zakat Institution. This research is quantitative research with an explanatory approach conducted at LAZ Al Bunyan Bogor and LAZ Sinergi Foundation Bandung. From the research results, the ttable value is 1.734 and the tcount value is 2.252. So that the tcount value of 2.252 is greater than the ttable of 1.734 (2.252> 1.734), then Ha is accepted. If Ha is accepted, it can be concluded that the application of PSAK 109 affects Good Corporate Governance at LAZ Al Bunyan and LAZ Sinergi Foundation

Turbulence in the Relationships Between Governments and High Tech Firms

"The turbulent times governments all over the world are facing include the transition towards the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in which the confluence of new technological developments result in major challenges for national as well as local governments. The confluence of the newly developed technologies is only possible if huge amounts of data can be stored and transmitted at high speed in, among others, hyperscale data centers (HDCs). This paper focuses on the complex relation that arises between local governments - on whose soil the HDCs are built - and the high tech companies planning and building the HDCs. This relationship is characterized by an unequal playing field with local governments being no match for the high tech industry. The latter sometimes have annual turnovers 1000 times higher than those of local governments and impose rather different demands on decision making processes than governments do. They impose restrictions on the decision-making process that result in processes running counter to principles of good governance and, if exposed, result in a deterioration of institutional trust among the population. This is illustrated through a case study in which a small municipality in the Netherlands was faced with an offer from Meta to make a huge investment in a hyperscale data center, provided the whole process towards the permits and the approval of the building would remain secretive. Shown is an imposed secrecy by the high tech firm and information revealed about the process afterward through the Freedom of Information Act disclosing many irregularities. This changed the existing trust in the municipality into complete distrust at the end of the process and eventually forced the High Tech company to withdraw. The relevance of this paper for this special issue is that the case study shows that the new developments towards the 4IR require capacitated, knowledgeable and decisive local governments, which momentarily are not even present in a developed country like the Netherlands."

Challenges of Multiculturalism: Integration of Religion in State Policy

This abstract explores the intricate challenges posed by the integration of religion in state policy within multicultural societies. Multiculturalism, as a philosophy, advocates for the coexistence of diverse cultural and religious groups within a single nation, emphasizing tolerance and inclusivity. However, the incorporation of religion into the framework of state governance often presents complex and contentious issues. This paper examines the tensions that arise when religious beliefs intersect with the principles of secular governance, highlighting the dilemmas faced by governments in striking a balance between respecting religious freedom and upholding the separation of religions and state. It delves into case studies from various countries, shedding light on the diverse approaches taken to address these challenges and the potential implications for social cohesion, individual rights, and democratic governance. Additionally, the abstract explores the role of dialogue, education, and policy-making in mitigating these challenges and fostering a harmonious multicultural society that respects both religious diversity and the fundamental values of the state. Ultimately, this abstract aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted issues surrounding the integration of religion in state policy and invites further research and discussion on this critical aspect of multiculturalism.

Religion and Governance: Examining the Intersection in Contemporary Politics

This study employs a multidisciplinary research approach to investigate the intricate relationship between religion and governance within the context of contemporary politics. Drawing on historical perspectives, empirical data, and case studies from various regions, this research explores the multifaceted ways in which religion influences and is influenced by the structures and practices of governance in today's world. The research methodology includes a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including content analysis, interviews, surveys, and comparative analysis. By integrating these diverse research methods, this examination aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of religion on governance and its implications for society. It seeks to uncover the complex dynamics, challenges, and opportunities that arise when religious beliefs intersect with the mechanisms of political authority and decision-making. Ultimately, this study underscores the importance of thoughtful consideration and dialogue in shaping inclusive and effective political systems that accommodate religious diversity while upholding fundamental principles of governance

The guillotine: Shadow, spectacle and the terror

Of all the images generated by the French Revolution it is the guillotine that is the most notorious. From the beginning the apparatus constituted an elaborate visual spectacle, one that not only efficiently dispensed justice but also offered up a form of popular entertainment and ritualised collective vengeance. The paper seeks to shed fresh light on one of the most perplexing mysteries of the revolutionary era. How did enlightened individuals who had helped create the most democratic and egalitarian society yet seen in the world, descend into a totalitarian regime in which many thousands were arrested, tried without appeal and executed? Why did revolutionaries begin to kill one another, and how did the guillotine come to represent an ideal of Revolution? To answer these questions, the paper begins by looking more closely at the relationships between popular violence and state violence in the Revolution, before describing the invention of the guillotine and how audiences had to adjust to a new kind of spectacle, where terror emerges as a principle of government.

Can a Village Website Be an Indicator of Public Transparency?

The village is the lowest unit that must be a government structure which in financial management is based on the principles of good governance and transparency. Transparency as accountability to all stakeholders as well as a supervisory effort to minimize fraudulent forms of financial management. One form of transparency is through the management of village websites. But in reality the village website has not been managed optimally. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the transparency of village financial management through websites in 280 villages that are within the scope of the Grobogan Regency area. The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive interpretation approach, namely observing, describing and interpreting objects and then drawing conclusions. Data collection based on content analysis regarding village management achievements. The results showed that the utilization of village websites in Grobogan Regency as a form of transparency had not been maximized. The lack of transparency is due to the lack of information provided, and many websites only provide tools with no content in them, thereby triggering a possible decrease in public and other stakeholders’ trust in village management

The subject matter of administrative law as a basic category For distinguishing sectoral principles of administrative law

Problem setting. Administrative law as a fundamental branch of public law is a necessary tool in regulating the activities of public administration bodies, public organizations, enterprises, institutions, and organizations. Its influence is constantly felt by specific individuals. Norms of administrative law protect relations formed under the influence of civil, labor, financial and other branches of law. In recent years, administrative law has been in a state of transformation, a new ideology of relations between the state and the citizen is being formed, the administrative legal doctrine is undergoing fundamental changes, and administrative legislation is being updated. As a result, administrative law has turned from the law of state management into a branch that normatively defines and regulates the rights and obligations of public administration in relation to subjects of civil society. Analysis of recent researches and publications. A significant number of scientists dealt with issues of administrative law, its subject, principles, among which it is worth mentioning the works of such scientists as: V. B. Averyanov, Yu. P. Bityak, V. V. Galunko, R. S. Melnyk, A. A. Pukhtetska and others. However, despite the rather large number of works, questions related to the generalization of scientific positions, which highlight the subject of administrative law as a basic category for determining industry precepts, remain in most cases outside the attention of researchers, which makes it possible to talk about the need to carry out such research. The purpose of research is to clarify the role of the subject of administrative law as a basic category for determining the branch principles of administrative law. Article’s main body. The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the subject of administrative law as a fundamental criterion for determining the principles of administrative law. Of fundamental importance for updating the concept of the subject of administrative law were two theoretical conclusions that were made in the development of the ideas of the Concept of Administrative Reform in Ukraine. The transformation of the subject of administrative law is a factor in updating the content and classification of the principles of administrative law. The subject of administrative law is social relations that arise for the purpose of realizing and protecting the rights of citizens, creation of normal conditions for the functioning of civil society and the state. It follows that the main task of administrative law is to create a priority of legal conditions for ensuring by public administration the rights, freedoms and interests of man and citizen in the sphere of public administration. The subject of administrative law is a wide complex of social relations that arise in connection with the implementation of the functions of the state executive power, the content of which is the management of society. Ukraine’s new management model (with adapted principles of Good Governance) should be aimed at maximizing the scope of public participation in governance, ensuring that economic, social and political priorities are based on consensus in such a way that the voices of all citizens, even the poorest and most socially disadvantaged population groups were taken into account when making state decisions. The article emphasizes the fact that principles are the leading category in the administrative law of all continental European countries. The principles reveal the content of law, reveal the essence of law, its foundations, as well as the regularities of social life and needs, and highlight trends. In the theory of law, the principles of law mean the most general and stable requirements that contribute to the establishment and protection of social values, determine the nature of law and the direction of its further development. Conclusions and prospects for development. The principles of law are a natural phenomenon of legal science, which in their essence are universal and reflect modern approaches to their interpretation. In modern conditions, the principles of law have a universal character, as they must be taken into account by law-making subjects during the creation of norms for the legal regulation of social relations. The peculiarities of the subject of administrative law provide grounds for a new approach to updating and characterizing the principles of administrative law resulting from interdependence and influence on each other.

A Multisite Study on the Governance of Rural Labor-Intensive Programs Post Pandemic Covid -19

Good governance in implementing rural intensive projects is a necessity if you hope that project objectives can be achieved effectively and efficiently. Several indicators to measure good governance include: community participation, transparency and effectiveness. The aim of this research is to examine in depth the implementation of cash-intensive project governance and its indicators using a qualitative approach. This multisite research was conducted in Bening Village, Ngembat Village and Tawar Village, Gondang District, Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. The sampling technique uses snowball sampling where existing subjects provide references to recruit the required sample. In this technique an individual subject provides information about only one other subject and then the chain continues with only one reference from one subject. This pattern is continued until the subjects available as samples are deemed to have met the requirements. The results of this research conclude that the principles of good governance have been implemented in village cash-intensive project activities. The principles of community participation, transparency, accountability and target accuracy have been implemented consistently in project governance. However, it is still found that the competence of project implementers is inadequate so that development work is not completed on time. For this reason, in order for cash-intensive projects to be on target, effective and on time, good and measurable management mechanisms are required.

PRINSIP ROBUST DALAM ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE PADA PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO NOMOR 5 TAHUN 2023

Industrial growth is one of the consequences of national development. Industrialization certainly has both positive and negative impacts. Environmental concerns, especially environmental damage that occurs due to industrialization, are currently still massive in Sukoharjo Regency. The case of environmental pollution in Sukoharjo has caused serious attention from policy makers to create environmentally based policies such as the application of the concept of environmental governance. This research will discuss the application of robust principles in environmental governance which consists of four aspects, namely Legitimate, Connected, Nested and Polycentric in Sukoharjo Regency Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2023 concerning environmental protection and management. The research method is normative legal research with a descriptive presentation and using a statutory approach. The results of this research show that the Sukoharjo Regency Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2023 concerning environmental protection and management has met the three aspects of the Robust Principle, namely the Legitimate, Connected and Polycentric aspects and has not fulfilled the Nested element.

EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TRANSPARENCY VIA @GANJAR_PRANOWO'S INSTAGRAM CONTENT ON PUBLIC TRUST IN PANDEMIC SITUATION

In 2020, Central Java Province, led by Governor Ganjar Pranowo, stood out in the Saiful Mujani Research Center (SMRC) survey, ranking first among regional governments with a 73% approval rate for its swift and responsive pandemic policies, surpassing the national standard of 59%. This success prompted an investigation, particularly as Instagram emerged as Ganjar Pranowo's primary tool for communicating his governance efforts during the pandemic. Instagram, as a platform, demonstrated greater responsiveness than other social media platforms. Observations revealed heightened interaction levels on Instagram compared to Twitter, evident in increased comments and likes. Ganjar Pranowo strategically utilized Instagram for public interaction, disseminating information, fostering community support, and educating the public about COVID-19. This study explores the realm of Political Communication through online mass media, emphasizing the evolving role of mass media and Ganjar Pranowo's adept use of it for open communication during the pandemic. Employing a quantitative approach, the research utilized questionnaires distributed to @ganjar_pranowo Instagram followers in Central Java, complemented by interviews with selected informants. Simple linear regression analysis, grounded in the principles of Good Governance, served as the theoretical framework. Findings analyzed using SPSS 25.0, revealed a significant impact of information transparency on public trust. With a calculated F-value of 146.267 and a significance level of 0.000 (< 0.05), the study suggests that information transparency through Instagram content influences public trust in pandemic management by approximately 59.9%, with 40.9% influenced by unexplored variables.

Aktualisasi Asas Praduga Keabsahan (Vermoeden Van Rechtmatigheid Preasumtio Iustae Causa) Dalam Pengujian Penyalahgunaan Wewenang di PTUN

The existence of the State Administrative Court is one of the characteristics that shows that Indonesia is a rule of law country. The State Administrative Court has an important role in ensuring the validity of the law in the implementation of state administration, which in this case is adjudicating the actions of officials or state apparatus which are contrary to the principles of good governance and completing the rescue of the KTUN. In the process of resolving the KTUN resolution, the principles of State Administrative Justice are of course used, one of which is the principle of examining legal validity (rechtmatigheid principle) which has an important role in making decisions regarding the release of KTUN. Therefore, this article tries to explain again the essence and influence of the implementation of the principle of legal validity. The writing method used in this research is juridical-normative using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. This paper uses a normative research method, namely an approach based on legal materials by examining concepts, theories, legal principles and statutory regulations, as well as relevant literature in this paper.

Upaya Membangun Public Trust terhadap Partai Politik di Provinsi Berbasis Syariat Islam Aceh

<p> </p><p><em>One of the public institutions that must provide services by referring to the principles of good governance is a political party. Political parties become part of the state due to state financing through the National Budget (APBN) and Regional Budget (APBD). The purpose of this study is to find out how public trust in local political parties, as well as to find out efforts in building public trust in local parties. The method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The result was that local parties must revamp party regeneration if public trust is to increase. In addition, party ideology must be clear so that it is easily understood by the public and also increases public trust in the political party itself.</em><em> </em><em>The conclusion from this research is that public trust in political parties is an important thing and one way to achieve this is for parties to be inclusive of the latest issues in their region or region. The next research recommendation that can be carried out is to explore how Islamic law is the basis of the political system in Aceh.</em><em></em></p>

Local attitudes towards conservation governance in a large tropical multiple-use Marine Protected Area in Brazil

The attitudes of local residents living adjacent to Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) can influence the effectiveness of conservation management and practices, such as acceptance of the protected area rules and the willingness to participate in decision-making. Negative attitudes lead to non-compliance with environmental regulations, making it harder to achieve MPA management and governance objectives. However, the underlying drivers of negative attitudes to MPAs are complex, contextual, and generally poorly known. Here, we test to what extent social, economic, and political characteristics of stakeholders are associated with positive and supportive attitudes towards the implementation of good governance principles in one of Brazil's largest sustainable use MPAs. We conducted 331 face-to-face interviews with stakeholders from different social groups, applying a questionnaire exploring attitudes towards MPA governance based on Lockwood's governance principles. We found that educational level, income, sociopolitical engagement, and attendance at environmental meetings were all associated with positive attitudes towards principles of good MPA governance. Artisanal fishers, especially Shellfishers, generally had more negative attitudes towards governance principles. Good governance is critical for effective management, ensuring that decisions are made transparently and accountably, that stakeholders are engaged and involved in decision-making, efforts are coordinated and resources are used effectively, and that the legal framework is strong and enforced. Our findings highlight the importance of addressing underlying economic and educational inequalities among local stakeholders in addition to targeted environmental education.