Principles Of Jurisprudence Research Articles

Hindu Concept of Law

Hindu Law is a body of principles or rules called ‘Dharma’. It lays down the laws which regulated Hindu nationals, social, family and individual obligations Dharma are considered as the law in the Hindu philosophy. Hindu law has its own place in history and as well as in modern era. Hindu philosophy is based on dharmasastra and these dharmasastras has been taken as a tool for justice. Hindu law has been studied on the basis of school i.e mitakshara school and dayabhaga school. These schools have different concept of property. Sources of Hindu law such as smriti, shruti, customs, commentaries and digest are the ancient or primary source of Hindu law whereas legislations, precedent, etc are taken as modern sources of law. Nepalese legal system has adopted some principle of Hindu jurisprudence and judiciary has also given importance while deciding cases.

The Civil Liability System of the Islamic Republic Government for Involuntarily Liabilities With Emphasis on the Principles of Jurisprudence

The duties of the government in the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran in relation to involuntarily civil liabilities are one of the important and necessary issues that can be discussed considering the increasing importance of citizens' rights. The present study uses the library method to examine the mentioned questions. The results of the research indicate that in the law of the Islamic Republic, which is based on the jurisprudential principles of the religion of Islam, the government is committed for involuntarily responsibilities. The jurisprudential rules of no harm, correlation, A big head has a big ache , surety is liable for compensation , murder will out , advantages and interests of an object follows the risk , the ruler is the abstaining guardian , the wise institution of the state are related to involuntarily responsibilities of the state. Some examples of government duties for involuntarily responsibilities include the absence of an heir or the heir's inability to pay diyāt , the judge's mistake in judging, the government's obligation to deal with unforeseen events, and death due to overcrowding or involuntary falls of another person and the government's duty to pay the ransom for traffic accidents that do not identify the culprit.

Sovereign Investors as Trustees of Environmental Intergenerational Equity

Do governmental investors such as sovereign wealth funds (‘SWFs’) have a legal duty to protect the natural environment for future generations? After providing a background on SWFs, the paper examines the relevant international law paradigms, with a particular focus on the concept of intergenerational equity – the notion that the state must preserve access to environmental resources for future generations. The article asserts that SWFs, as state actors, have a legal responsibility under international treaties and customary international law, as well as the evolving rules on complicity in international jurisprudence and general principles of international human rights law (which the author posits form the basis for intergenerational equity and environmental rights), to adopt environmental intergenerational equity as an overarching investment policy and implement the principle through shareholder activism and ESG screening. Sovereign Wealth Funds, intergenerational equity, international law, international environmental law, human rights law, shareholder activism, ESG screening

Pandangan Hakim PA Pasuruan tentang Hukuman Pelaku Nikah Sirri dalam RUU Hukum Materiil PA Bidang Perkawinan

This paper aims to determine the views of Judge PA Pasuruan about the punishment of Sirri marital offenders in the Marriage Law Draft Bill on Marriage, which will then be analyzed with the theory of mas} lah} ah mursalah. At the end of the paper, it was concluded that, first, the Judges of the Pasuruan Religious Court mostly agreed on the punishment for the perpetrators of marriages sirrî in article 143 of the Draft Law of the Religious Courts in the field of Marriage, because there were too many negative impacts caused by marriagesirrî, such as the recognition of civil rights. wife, is not considered a legitimate wife and is not entitled to gonogini assets in the event of separation. The basic consideration of the judge of the Pasuruan Religious Court agreed to the punishment for the perpetrators of marital sirrî, namely by using the concept of mas} lah} ah mursalah which is something that is good according to reason with consideration of realizing good or avoiding evil for humans, what according to reason is also in harmony and in line with the objectives syara 'in establishing the law. The punishment for the perpetrators of the marriage of sirrî is solely intended to seek the benefit of humans because of the more harm that arises from the marriage of Sirri. This is in accordance with the principles of jurisprudence: "Refusing the damage takes precedence over attracting benefit."

Investigating the Injuries of Murder in Prohibition in Iranian Laws

The issue of murder in the marriage bed that was in Article 179 of the General Penal Code before revolution derived from Article 324 of the former French Penal Code was reflected in Article 630 of the Islamic Penal Code after revolution in 1996. This issue, which was subject to legal critics during the reign of Article 179, was also criticized in terms of jurisprudence and validity in addition to legal criticism by reflecting in Article 630 of the Islamic Penal Code and on the basis of jurisprudential principles. Deficiencies such as the weakness of the theory of legitimate defense as a justified basis for the verdict, the weakness of the jurisprudence, and the possibility of abuse of the sentence of murder in marriage bed are cases proposed in the sentence. Most of these objections are due to: First, the lack of attention to allocate the issue to the status of ascertainment, not the position of proof, and second: the lack of careful analysis of the jurisprudential principles and the mere reference to the view of some jurists, without their comment in opposition to the sentence that if these problems are solved, documenting the sentence will be evident. Article 302 of the Islamic Penal Code 2013, in accordance with the famous promises of the Imamiyya jurists, considers the killing of the wife by the husband as an exception from the retaliation. The correct view is that murder in marriage bed is relative in terms of defense and deserving death, so most of the circumstances considered an example of executing the punishment would not be valid. In this research, we have examined the damages, the famous view of the jurists and their criticism, as well as murder in marriage bed in Iranian statute laws by an analytical approach.

PENERAPAN KAIDAH-KAIDAH FIQIH DALAM TRANSAKSI EKONOMI DI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH

ABSTRACT The principles of fiqh are born from the Qur'an, al-hadith, and ijma'. The principles of jurisprudence were born with the aim of establishing Islamic law in new issues that continue to develop along with the times, especially in economic transactions or muamalah maliyah which is always developing in Islamic financial institutions. Thus the principles of fiqh are the products of ijtihad and are generalizations of fiqh themes that are spread among the school of ulemas. The existence of the rules of fiqh is a necessity to obtain the ease of knowing contemporary laws, especially economic issues, many of which do not have a sharih text (a definite proposition) in the Qur'an or hadith. Similarly, to make it easier to master the problems of furu'iyyah (branches) that continue to grow and countless, especially in economic problems that develop in Islamic financial institutions. Keywords: Transactions, Economy, Rules, fiqh

The importance of preserving the freshness of fish to fulfil the tayyiban based on the analysis of scientific and Islamic jurisprudence principles

Perishability of fresh fish has become one major concern for both fish industry players as well as the consumers. If it is not properly handled and preserved, fish will be deteriorated and will lose its quality attributes. This is the point where the halalan tayyiban (lawful and wholesome) status of fish is depreciated and at the same time it affects the consumer purchase intention. This article discussed the perishability of fish, phenomenon of fish spoilage and its phases and methods which can be used to detect the deterioration. In addition, Islamic perspective on the importance of preserving the food safety, quality and halalan tayyiban status of raw fish or fish product along the processing line until reaching the consumer is also discussed according to the Maqasid al Shariah (The Objectives of Shari’ah) by using Qawaid Fiqhiyyah (Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence). The method used is the library research which includes the observation from Islamic perspectives. This is in line with achieving the highest objectives of Shariah, which is to protect the farmers, the environment, the aquaculture and the consumers. The output of the study may serve MyGAP and MS 1500:2009.

الفقه الکلی مفهومه - مصادره – إعماله دراسة فقهیة مقاصدیة

الفقه الکلي مفهومه - مصادره – إعماله دراسة فقهية مقاصدية فيصل أحمد اللميع. قسم الفقه وأصول الفقه، کلية الشريعة والدراسات الإسلامية، جامعة الکويت، کيفان، الکويت. البريد الالکتروني: Faisal.allumai@ku.edu.kw المخلص: يناقش هذا البحث مفهوم الفقه الکلي وإعماله؛ فإن الفقه الإسلامي يشتمل على جانب جزئي يتعلق بآحاد المسائل الفقهية، وعلى جانب کلي يتعلق بالقواعد والمعاني الکلية، والجانب الکلي من الفقه الإسلامي هو الهدف الذي تتولى هذه الدراسة تناوله من جهة مفهومه، ومصادره، وإجراءات إعماله، وأبرز مجالات إعماله مستخدما في ذلک المنهج الاستقرائي لأجل استقراء النصوص الشرعية وکلام أهل العلم في کليات الفقه الإسلامي، والمنهج التحليلي من خلال تحليل النصوص الشرعية وکلام أهل العلم في شأن کليات الفقه الإسلامي، ووضعه في سياقه المناسب. وقد مما توصلت إليه الدراسة بيان مفهوم الفقه الکلي، وأنه العلم بالثوابت الشرعية المعقولة المعنى، التي يبنى عليها ما لا حصر له من أحکام الجزئيات، کما تناولت أبرز مصادره، ومنهجية إعمال الفقه الکلي، وأبرز مجالات الإعمال. وکان مما توصلت إليه الدراسة أيضا: أن الفقه الکلي استعمله الفقهاء والأصوليون في سياقات مختلفة، وأنه الکفيل ببيان استراتيجيات الفقه الإسلامي، وما تريد الشريعة الحفاظ عليه واعتباره دائما، وأن تطبيق الفقه الکلي يسير على مقتضى منظومة تطبيقية متکاملة الأرکان، يتم فيها تحديد الثابت من المتغير في الأبواب الفقهية، والمقصود لذاته من المقصود لغيره، وعرف التشريع في الأبواب الفقهية المختلفة، کما يوضح القواعد والضوابط، والأصول العامة للفقه الإسلامي، ويراعي حاجات الناس، واختلاف الأحوال، ويفرق بين أوقات الضرورة وأوقات الاختيار، ويربط الجزئي بکليه. The Comprehensive Islamic Jurisprudence, its Definition, Sources, and Application An Islamic Jurisprudence Objective (Fiqh Maqāṣidia) Study Faisal Ahmad AlLumai Department of Fiqh and Jurisprudence, Faculty of Shariah and Islamic Studies, Kuwait University, Kifan, Kuwait. Faisal.allumai@ku.edu.kw Email: Abstract: This paper discusses the concept of comprehensive Islamic jurisprudence and its factual application. Islamic jurisprudence can be divided into a very detailed sub-aspect related to individual jurisprudential issues, and a comprehensive Islamic jurisprudence aspect related to main principles and overall concepts. That comprehensive Islamic jurisprudence is the main purpose of this study which meant to address its definition, its sources, and the tools of its performance, and the most prominent aspects of its performance using that inductive approach along with the analytical approach on analyzing Shariah divine texts and Shariah scholar’s jurisprudence in the comprehensive Islamic jurisprudence and to classify it in its appropriate context. The study concluded to a certain definition of the concept of comprehensive Islamic jurisprudence which is the comprehension of the accepted and unchangeable Shariah rules which constitute the basis for many other detailed rulings. The study also addressed Fiqh Maqāṣidia most prominent sources, the mechanism of its application, and the most familiar cases of its application. The study also concluded that comprehensive Islamic jurisprudence has been in use from Islamic jurisprudence jurists in different contexts, further, that science is suitable to define the strategy, and what Shariah law really seeks to observe and last. In addition, the application of comprehensive Islamic jurisprudence is bond by fully applicable specific Islamic jurisprudence in which differentiate between the sustained from inconstant in Islamic jurisprudence chapters, and what is self-meant from what is meant for another, the custom of legislation in every chapter of Islamic jurisprudence, the standers and regulations, the general principles of Islamic jurisprudence, human needs, different circumstances, and defernite between the circumstances of necessity and comfort and to relate the secondary ruling by the comprehensive one. Keywords: Islamic jurisprudence, Comprehensive Islamic jurisprudence, Purposes of Shariah, Ijtihad, Contemporary.

تحریر دلالة مصطلح الخمار والجلباب الواردة فی القرآن والسنة

يهدف البحث إلى بيان دلالة مصطلح الخمار والجلباب من المعاجم اللغوية، ولغة العرب، والتعمق في کتب التفسير، والحديث، والفقه، وبناء على ذلک نستطيع معرفة الحکم الشرعي للبس المرأة للخمار، والجلباب. وقد اتبعت المنهج الاستقرائي، فاستقصيت ما تيسر لي من کتب اللغة، والتفسير، وشروح الحديث، فيما يخص الخمار والجلباب، وکذلک اتبعت المنهج التحليلي من خلال تحليل تلک النصوص، والتدقيق فيها للوصول إلى تصور وحکم صحيحين. وخلص البحث إلى عدد من النتائج منها: أن الحقيقة اللغوية للخمار: کل ما ستر شيئا وغطاه, وأن الحقيقة العرفية للخمار: لا يشف، يستر شعر رأس المرأة. وأن الحقيقة الشرعية للخمار: ثوب لا يشف، يستر شعر رأس المرأة، وعنقها، وفتحة الصدر، وأن الخمار فرض، وتغطي المرأة به العنق وفتحة الصدر إضافة إلى تغطية الأصل؛ وهو شعر الرأس, وأن لبس الخمار بالصفة المذکورة: واجب شرعا. وتوصي الدراسة بالتوسع في تحرير مضمون المصطلحات الخاصة بالمرأة لمعرفة حقيقة بناء الحکم الفقهي. Indication of the woman cover and cloth as provided in the Holy Quran and Sunnah Yaser Ajeel Jassem AL-Nashmi Department of Jurisprudence Principles , faculty of Islamic Sharia, Kuwait University , kaifan, Kuwait. Yaser.alnashmi@ku.edu.kw E-mail: Abstract: The aim of the research is to examine the indication of the term woman cover and cloth according to definitions from the language dictionaries, the Arabic language, and to investigates deeper into the books of interpretation, hadith, and jurisprudence, and accordingly we can know the Islamic ruling of women's dress for woman cover, and jilbab. I followed the inductive approach, exploring the language books, interpretation, and commentary of the hadith, with regard to the woman cover and the cloth, as well as the analytical approach through investigating those texts and scrutinizing them to achieve a correct perception and sharia ruling. The research reached to with several conclusions, including that the linguistic meaning of woman cover: a thing that that cover all, and that the customary truth of woman cover: 'a dress that does not heal, covers the hair of the woman's head'. The legitimate truth of the woman cover is an in-de-transparent dress, covering the hair of the woman's head, neck and chest opening, and that the woman cover is obligatory, and the woman covers the neck and the opening of the chest in addition to covering the origin-which is the hair of the head- and that wearing the woman cover according to the former characteristic, is a duty of law. The study recommends further investigation on the content of women's terminology to establish the sharia rulings Keywords: Woman cover, Cloth, Qur'an, Sunnah, Indication.

الألعاب الإلکترونیة وأحکامها فی الفقه الإسلامی

الألعاب الإلکترونية وأحکامها في الفقه الإسلامي عيد أحمد الهادي عثمان قسم الفقه، کلية الشريعة والقانون، جامعة الأزهر، القاهرة، جمهورية مصر العربية. البريد الإلکتروني: aidosman@azhar.edu.eg ملخص البحث: هذا البحث الموجز والموسوم بـ (الألعاب الإلکترونية وأحکامها في الفقه الإسلامي) مهدت إليه بنظرة الإسلام للعب والترفيه، ثم تناولت الألعاب الإلکترونية من حيث التعريف بها، وبيان حکمها، مع ذکر نماذج منها، وکذا الألعاب الإلکترونية المشتملة على الميسر، وبيان حکمها، کما تناولت المسابقات في الألعاب الإلکترونية، وبينت حکم الاتجار فيها، وأخيرا أثر القواعد الفقهية في ضبط الألعاب الإلکترونية، وختمت البحث بأهم النتائج والتوصيات. وقد خلص البحث إلى ما يأتي: أن الإسلام لا يحرم اللعب والترفيه عن النفس طالما کان في حدود الآداب والأصول الشرعية، مع عدم الإسراف فيه، وأن الأصل في الألعاب الإلکترونية الإباحة، ويتغير حکمها بما يترتب عليها من آثار، وما يصحبها من منافع أو مضار، فإن اقترن بها مخالفات شرعية أو ضرر بالنفس أو العقل أو المال، أو الغير، أو الانشغال عن واجب فهي عندئذ محرمة، وإن خلت من المخالفات الشرعية والأضرار بالشخص وبالغير وکانت ذا فائدة کتنمية المهارات، وتربية القدرة على الابتکار وغير ذلک، فعندئذ تکون مندوبة، ويمکن ضبط الألعاب الإلکترونية من خلال قواعد الفقه کقاعدة: لا ثواب إلا بنية، والضرر يزال، ودرء المفاسد مقدم على جلب المصالح، وغير ذلک من القواعد، وفي النهاية أوصي باستغلال الألعاب الالکترونية من قبل الأسر والمؤسسات التعليمية وذلک باختيار ألعاب مسلية وتعليمية في نفس الوقت يمکن الاستفادة منها في تقوية المهارات، وذلک في حدود ثوابتنا الدينية. Electronic Games Rules from Islamic Jurisprudence Perspectives Aid Ahmed Elhady Osman Department of Jurisprudence, Faculty of Shariah and Law, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. Email: aidosman@azhar.edu.eg Abstract: I introduced this concise research, titles “Electronic games rules from Islamic jurisprudence perspectives” by the Islamic judgment on playing games and personal entertainment, then we defined electronic games, their legality, the forms it takes, as well as gambling using the electronic games and its legality; then the research approached electronic games competition and legality of profiting from it, finally the impacts of jurisprudence on regulating electronic games and concluded the research by the recommendations and results. The research concluded that Islam does not prohibit personal entertainment as far as it was bond by good manners and Shariah rules and not to be overspent and that the permissibility is the principle ruling of electronic games in Islam, yet, its ruling evolves with its positive or negative impacts. If electronic games caused a preach of Shariah or mental, physical, or monetary damages for the individual or any other human, or wasting the time assigned to personal duty then its ruling shall be prohibited. On the other hand, if there was no Shariah violation or personal or other individual harm and its practice increase creativity and support innovation and so on it should be recommended and we can put a rule to judge electronic games by the Islamic principle that says “no reward unless there is a good intention”, “harm shall be removed”, “blocking the harm is before driving the benefits” and alike of Islamic jurisprudence principles. On the conclusion, I recommend families and educational institutions to use electronic games which is pleased and educational to post skills that be all governed by our firm religious beliefs. Keywords: Electronic games – Judgments - Islamic jurisprudence - Competitions.

Study of Jurisprudential Principles of the Right to Compensation for Unlawful Arrest or Detention

با توجه به اهمیت اسلام به رعایت حقوق زندانی و نظر به اینکه حقوق ایران متأثر از فقه شیعه می‌باشد، و نیز لزوم رعایت کنوانسیون‌های بین‌المللی در زمینه جبران خسارت ناشی از حبس یا بازداشت غیرقانونی، بررسی این موضوع از منظر فقهی ضروری می‌نماید. برای پرداختن به این موضوع باید به مسئله‎ای که در فقه با عنوان ضمان «منافع فائته» حر معروف است بپردازیم زیرا بر اساس یک نظریه در فقه، منافعی که از انسان حر تلف می‌شود ضمان ندارد و بر اساس دیدگاه دیگر اتلاف منافع و عمل حر در شرایطی موجب ضمان است. بنابراین پس از پرداختن به این موضوع، بر اساس قواعد فقهی مرتبط با آن از جلمه قاعده احترام، قاعده اتلاف و قاعده لاضرر، حکم مسئله جبران خسارت‌های ناشی از حبس یا بازداشت غیرقانونی نیز روشن خواهد شد. بنابراین، هر یک از قواعد حاکم بر این مسئله را در این تحقیق مورد بررسی قرار داده‌ایم تا انطباق هر یک از این قواعد را در راستای ضمان منافع فائته حر مشخص نموده و از این طریق، خسارات ناشی از حبس یا بازداشت غیرقانونی را به اثبات رسانیم.

Viewing the Dublin Drug Treatment Court through the Lens of Therapeutic Jurisprudence

Over the last 25 years problem solving courts have developed internationally to provide a response to entrenched criminal justice related issues including addiction and mental health problems. These courts operate in adherence with the concept of Therapeutic Jurisprudence, which recognises the court and its officials as therapeutic agents, who work collaboratively to achieve the best possible outcomes for those appearing before the court. In an Irish context, problem solving courts have been in operation since 2001 when the Dublin Drug Treatment Court was established. This, however, remains the only problem solving court in operation within the Irish criminal justice system. This paper considers the wide ranging international literature on drug courts before casting a critical eye over the Dublin Drug Treatment Court, from its inception to the present day. It considers the workings of the court against the theoretical backdrop of Therapeutic Jurisprudence. This paper argues that while there seems to be a lack of overt engagement with Therapeutic Jurisprudence principles on the part of the Irish judiciary involved with the Dublin Drug Treatment Court, many tenets of the Court actually adhere to Therapeutic Jurisprudence principles, and the authors contend that calls for further empirical analysis. The paper builds on the works of Butler and Loughran et al., which has already provided an excellent grounding for any future studies on the Dublin Drug Treatment Court.

Značaj i položaj razuma u šiitskom razumevanju islama

Reason has nonpareil role both for making the components of cognition and obtaining divine knowledge in Shia schools of thought. In epistemology, we would have very few certain prepositions which could be comprehended without mediation of intellect. It is intellect with which foundation of cognition will be formed and the constituents of cognition will be built. In obtaining divine knowledge, it also has a unique function alongside the holy book, tradition, intuition and consensus. Because of the crucial role of reason in Shia school of thought, scientific currents are more rational comparing to Sunni. Schools of philosophy, rational theology, exegeses and principles of jurisprudence are advent in Shia cultural context. We can even say: moderate rationality is the main stream of Shia current that is far from Akhbarits and Tafkiki School, which are exceptional in Shia school of thought. Therefore, religious beliefs, moral values and practical commandments in Shia thinking are more rational. Although reason and rational thoughts were not so important at the time of the Infallibles because they were considered as manifestation of truth, at the occultation age, reason obtained its necessity alongside the text. Thus, it can be said: moderate rationality is an outstanding feature of Shia in Islamic history.

“The Low Principles of Jurisprudence”: Legal Indeterminacy in Edmund Burke's Impeachment of Warren Hastings

AbstractEdmund Burke's impeachment of Warren Hastings for his conduct as governor-general in India represented the era's most serious internal challenge to British imperialism. But the impeachment's legal and institutional implications have been neglected. The central points of contention were the nature of impeachment in Britain and the nature of law in India. Burke insisted that impeachment must override the “low” and “mean” standards of the common law, yet he celebrated India for its dense judicial institutions. Hastings took the opposite position, demanding that the impeachment adhere strictly to the common law, yet defending his conduct in India by appeal to its political expediency, rather than its lawfulness. Each found himself in a “rhetorical contradiction,” alternately arguing in praise of, and in critique of, legal reasoning and procedures. While Hastings attempted to surmount the contradiction through the discourse of realism, Burke turned to the discourse of natural law—a language of lawfulness without legalism.

Jurisprudential principles of the cultural system of the Islamic Republic of Iran

The pillar of the cultural system is monotheism and its principles are the branches of religion and its sources are books, traditions, consensus, intellect and tools of the cultural system of seminaries, universities, education, media and artistic tools.

Criterio para reconocer la corrupción y los fundamentos jurisprudenciales de su prevención (La vista del mundo divino, Salah, Disfrutando del bien y prohibiendo lo incorrecto, La prohibición de pequeños pecados introductorios).

La prevención de la corrupción es uno de los temas importantes en las sociedades humanas. La jurisprudencia como uno de los factores efectivos en la prevención de las corrupciones tiene elementos importantes. El Islam ha proporcionado ciertos preceptos para la prevención de la corrupción, que si lo practican los individuos en la sociedad, se evitarían muchas corrupciones. Podemos rastrear las raíces de la corrupción en el seguimiento de los deseos carnales, la negación de las órdenes divinas y evitar la justicia. El estudio actual utiliza un método de análisis de contenido para evaluar el tema de la prevención de la corrupción basado en los principios jurisprudenciales islámicos y analiza títulos como la oración, la evitación de asuntos prohibidos, etc., como los factores que pueden reducir la corrupción en la sociedad.

معارضات المفسر للأصولي في شخص الإمام صديق خان القنوجي: القياس وتخصيص عموم الكتاب والسنة نموذجاً

هَدِفَ هذا البحث إلى التعريف بالإمام صديق خان القنوجي المفسر والأصولي وبيان منزلته وقيمة مؤلفاته، وكذلك إبراز العلاقة بين مؤلفين مهمين له هما: فتح البيان في مقاصد القرآن، وحصول المأمول من علم الأصول، وعرض أوجه الخلاف بينهما في بعض المسائل التي عرضت في الكتابين بصورة مختلفة. وتظهر إشكالية البحث في التناقض بين قول الإمام في تفسيره وكتابه الأصولي في مسائل محددة، وقد ألف تفسيره بعد فترة طويلة من تأليف كتابه حصول المأمول، وفي تفسيره يعارض شيئاً من آرائه الأصولية التي أثبتها في حصول المأمول ويؤسس لما يخالفها تماماً، ولا يسعى إلى بيان سبب تخليه عن رأيه الأول، ولا يبدو ساهياً عن مذهبه القديم لما أظهره من تدقيق وتمحيص وبحث فيه. والمنهج المتبع في هذا البحث منهج وصفي تحليلي قائم على جمع وتوثيق وتحليل البيانات المكتبية، واستقراء آراء الإمام القنوجي من كتبه في التفسير والأصول. وتوصل الباحث إلى أن سبب هذا التناقص يعود إلى طبيعة المنهج التفسيري القائم على الأمثلة الكثيرة والمفصلة حول آيات الأحكام وهي ما تخلو منه كتب الأصول عادة، ففي مسألة تخصيص القياس لعموم الكتاب والسنة تابع الإمام صديق خان الجمهور في جواز تخصيص عموم الكتاب والسنة بالقياس الجلي دون الخفي ولكنه عدل عن هذا المذهب واختار في تفسيره عدم الجواز مطلقاً ثم وقع في إشكالية الاستشهاد بالأمثلة التي تدعم الجواز لا المنع، وهذا دليل على أثر المنهج التفسيري في تعديل رؤيته.

تطبیقات علم اصول الفقہ اور سیرت النبیﷺ

Human life is a combination of two things i.e. body and soul. In this modern era the major concern of a man is working hard for physical comfort and prosperity. Despite this, the social life has failed to seek such comfort and prosperity because its spiritual needs are not being fulfilled thoroughly. For that purpose Islam has provided guidance in the form of way of living of Holy Prophet (PBUH). An important aspect of seretah al-Tayyiba is to extract the solution of modern prob-lems in the light of principles of Islamic Jurisprudence. Through his own life and by educating his companions. He (PBUH) taught people how to solve their contemporary matters if they don’t find the solution in Quran and Sunnah. In this way the life of Holy Prophet (PBUH) is a practical training in addition to being the final authority for all humanity, through which both this world and the Here-after can be achieved. Especially, the modern issues like cloning, human organs transplantation etc. can be resolved through principals of Islamic jurisprudence. In this regard, the thorough research study of principals of Islamic jurisprudence is compulsory for the training and guidance of human beings. In Islamic studies the early scholars of Sunni school of thought have done a great deal of work but the modern scholars have made less progress. On the contrary, the ancient scholars of Shia school of thought worked very less on this subject while their modern scholars are working a lot on principles Islamic jurispru-dence. Therefore regarding modern issues we also can get benefit from their efforts.

A Review on Garnishments from Legal and Juridical Perspectives

This research aims to investigate term from legal and juridical perspectives. This research used a descriptive-analytical methodology and employed library resources. The results show that from a legal perspective, specific conditions have been considered in issuing a garnishment that takes into account rights of accused, but still in legal literature, this act is in contrast with freedom principle and presumption of innocence. Just like summoning and temporary detention, a garnishment not only does not have any place within rules; but also general jurisprudence and especially what is deducted from context of being arrested on charges of murder say that you shouldn't arrest someone or require them to be present or make them offer collateral or bail. However, Jurisprudential Documents show that issues such as temporary detention and determining bail in to make things clear have a jurisprudential background. Also, jurisprudential texts mention requirement for bail and arresting defendant if there is a witness. From these texts, we can mention jurisprudential principles of garnishments. Maybe we can ratify and implement this in positive law that is determined and written by people as a social contract which can be deemed correct based on principle that says the believer must abide by his commitments. However, when Sharia disagrees with same law, then we can no longer choose people's wills over a Sharia legislator in an Islamic society. Therefore, issues related to garnishments have no jurisprudential significance in terms of primary sentences, unless they are a religious order from a Mujtahid, then they can be considered as compatible with Sharia laws.

Today's Crusades: A Therapeutic Jurisprudential Critique of Faith-Based Civil Rights in Health Care

During the Crusades, Pope Gregory VII encouraged action against a demonized population, those practicing Islam, in the name of faith. Today, an important leader, the President of the United States, acting through Executive Branch agencies, supports discrimination against transgendered individuals in the name of faith with the same fervor. Two such attempts within health care provide opportunities for reflection and correction. Most recently, HHS has proposed eliminating protections for transgendered individuals in regulations guiding enforcement of section 1557 of the ACA, which was enacted to ensure that no American should have to endure discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, disability, age, or sex in the provision of health care. The HHS also has promulgated a final rule that purports to permit health care providers, without qualification, to refuse to provide many services to not only this population but also several other vulnerable groups based on religious beliefs. This Article demonstrates that the Administration’s animosity toward medical care for transgendered individuals is psychologically anti-therapeutic and reduces the quality of medical care that population receives, resulting in a public health crisis. First, the Article will review the Administration’s relevant rulemaking activities and the controversy surrounding them, focusing on the discrimination that the regulations encourage against transgendered individuals. Second, it will explore the psychological effects (and some of the relevant physical health considerations) of such discrimination on the patients affected. Finally, it will apply therapeutic jurisprudence principles to demonstrate how accounting for the psychological impact of discrimination by incorporating medical ethics into conscience clause enforcement would better serve individuals’ and the public’s health. These Crusades must stop.