Principle Of Coherence Research Articles

МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПРИНЦИПИ ТЕОРІЇ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ВІДНОСИН. СТАТТЯ ДРУГА

The article is devoted to the modern interpretation of the methodology of theoretical simulation of international relations - the system of the methodological principles. Thus, applying the principle of interference, the researcher receives additional methodological possibilities for the determination of rules necessary to form typological groups of international relations, and to determine the criteria for ranking of international interactions in terms of their social and historical significance. The principle of sustainability in the historical context of international relations regards international relations as a special natural and continuous process within human society. The principle of coherence requires to bear in mind the level of human awarenees in the modeling of international relations – the awareness of individuals – participants of international community, and accordingly, of the whole social community to which they belong. Each of the proposed principles focuses on individual, but synergistically linked and relevant to the researcher notional subject– the being of international relations.

Composants of the Stone–Čech remainder of the reals

This is a survey describing Mary Ellen Rudin's theorem about the number of composants of the Stone–Čech remainder of a half-line and subsequent related work, especially the principle of near coherence of filters.

Exploring the connection between quality management and brain functioning

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore possible connections between brain functioning and quality management. Design/methodology/approach – Five central principles regarding brain functioning according to neuroscience are conceptually described and related to principles and major concepts in quality management with a special emphasis on Deming’s system of profound knowledge. Findings – The principles are shown to be related in a profound way. The first principle of coherence is closely related to appreciation for a system. The principle of homeostatic feedback loops concerns events that disturb the equilibrium of a system and is related to knowledge about variation. Neural plasticity is related to a theory of knowledge. The last two principles involve emotional and cognitive contributions to decision-making. They are closely related to the element psychology and one of them could lead to a further development of Deming’s system of profound knowledge. Research limitations/implications – The paper adds to the understanding of the role brain integration has for success in quality management efforts. A limitation is that it is difficult to localise higher-order thinking in brain function. Nonetheless, the research is indicative and provocative as a window to stimulate research into the fundamental basis of quality management success. Practical implications – The findings provide a deeper understanding of profound knowledge in quality management through relating it to how the brain is functioning, which is of value for quality managers and leaders striving for excellence for their organisations. Originality/value – The connection of brain principles with Deming’s profound knowledge has not been elaborated in the literature before.

Segregating complex sound sources through temporal coherence.

A new approach for the segregation of monaural sound mixtures is presented based on the principle of temporal coherence and using auditory cortical representations. Temporal coherence is the notion that perceived sources emit coherently modulated features that evoke highly-coincident neural response patterns. By clustering the feature channels with coincident responses and reconstructing their input, one may segregate the underlying source from the simultaneously interfering signals that are uncorrelated with it. The proposed algorithm requires no prior information or training on the sources. It can, however, gracefully incorporate cognitive functions and influences such as memories of a target source or attention to a specific set of its attributes so as to segregate it from its background. Aside from its unusual structure and computational innovations, the proposed model provides testable hypotheses of the physiological mechanisms of this ubiquitous and remarkable perceptual ability, and of its psychophysical manifestations in navigating complex sensory environments.

The Principle of Distinctive and Contrastive Coherence of Prosody in Radio News: An Analysis of Perception and Recognition

The prosodic features of a message are key factors in the transmission of information by radio. Some authors have demonstrated that perception and proper comprehension of radio news depend largely on the intonation, stress and speech rate used by the broadcaster. The aim of this study, therefore, is to determine the degrees of perception and recognition of information broadcast by radio when the prosodic features used in the transmission are modified. The main conclusion reached is that there is indeed a relationship between the prosodic combination employed and the way in which such information is perceived and recognized, and providing that the prosodic features observe the principle of distinctive and contrastive coherence, the information is perceived positively and recognition is highest.

Research and clinical applications of optical coherence tomography in invasive cardiology: a review.

In cardiology, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an invasive imaging technique based on the principle of light coherence. This system was developed to obtain three-dimensional high resolution images to examine coronary artery normal and/or pathological structure. This technique replaces the ultrasound used by its main alternative procedure, intravascular ultrasound, by a near-infrared light source. Acute coronary syndromes due to atherosclerotic vascular disease are the leading cause of mortality in developed and developing countries. As a consequence, intravascular imaging systems became an important area of research and 1991 marks the first use of OCT in coronary artery observations. Since its first appearance in invasive cardiology, OCT maintains a strong presence in the research environments for the identification of vulnerable plaques, as it is able to overcome difficulties presented by other techniques such as virtual intravascular ultrasound, near-infrared spectroscopy, and histology. Moreover, OCT is increasingly being used in the clinical practice as a guide during coronary interventions and in the assessment of vascular response after coronary stent implantation. This review focuses on the relevance of OCT in research and clinical applications in the field of invasive cardiology and discusses the future directions of the field.

Study of Optical Coherence Theory in Measurement

Light is a transverse electromagnetic wave, which has the volatility and particles. When light waves are added up in the spatial uniform medium, different conditions will produce interference effects in the meeting area. Optical path difference affects the distribution of the interference pattern directly, and the light interference pattern gives information of phase and amplitude in turn. Due to the measurement precision and extremely high sensitivity of response, the principle of optical coherence has been studied based on measuring the related physical quantity indirectly.

De la continuité dynamique dans l’univers confucéen. Lecture néoconfucéenne du ≪Zhongyong≫: Nouvelle traduction du chinois classique et commentaire herméneutique par Diana Arghiresco (review)

BOOK REVIEWS DIANA ARGHIRESCO, De la continuité dynamique dans l’univers confucéen. Lecture néoconfucéenne du %Zhongyong&: Nouvelle traduction du chinois classique et commentaire herméneutique. Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf, 2013. 412 pp. J35 (pb). ISBN 978-2-204-10026-7 Diana Arghiresco, Professor of Chinese Thought at the Université du Québec (Montréal), gives us a new French translation of the Zhongyong 中庸 (ZY) and its commentary by Zhu Xi 朱熹, with the Chinese texts, followed by her own commentary. The introduction presents briefly the life, work, and influence of Zhu Xi. Because the ZY is quite abstract, Arghiresco illustrates it with many passages from the Lunyu 論語 and their commentary by Zhu Xi, presented also in French translation with the Chinese text. This arrangement reflects Zhu Xi’s own idea about the ZY as being a generalization of the Lunyu. I shall present first Arghiresco’s interpretation of the Zhongyong, and only in the end my evaluation. ZY1 (Chapter 1 of the Zhongyong) and its commentary by Zhu Xi leads Arghiresco to explain key concepts: zhong 中, what contains things together, in an undifferentiated state; yong 庸, the ordinary course of things; li 理, the inner principle of coherence; qi 氣, movement of breath giving rise to concrete things; xing 性, true nature without ontological separation; dao 道, spontaneous attitude of human beings in regards to all reality; and so on. ZY2 introduces the notion of zhongyong, interpreted as a polarity between a constitutive continuum (zhong) and its functionality in ordinary affairs (yong). So zhongyong is read as maintaining oneself ordinarily within the continuum. ZY3 treats zhongyong as knowledge, not in the gnoseologic sense, but in the sense of assimilation and integration through practice. In the realm of human relations, zhongyong refers to the just mean, correct behavior with its rules of differentiation. The Confucian tradition focuses on social differentiation, but this should be understood in contrast with a Taoist tradition which aims at reaching a state before any differentiation. ZY4 describes the flavor wei 味 as a practical mode of knowledge of the Dao, which is quite different from the intellectual knowledge of the West. Arghiresco claims that Confucians and Taoists share the same vision of an ultimate reality that is undifferentiated, but the Confucians reach it through their engagement in society, and the Taoists by withdrawing from it. ZY6 describes the behavior of the ancient paradigmatic wise ruler, Shun 舜, free from any desire to dominate others. By his self-cultivation, Shun continues to have an effective influence on others who are invited to engage in a similar process of transformation. ZY7, ZY8, and ZY9 give the personifications of the three virtues of knowledge (zhi 知), humanity (ren 仁) and courage (yong 勇), respectively embodied by Shun, Yan Hui 顏回, and Zi Lu 子路. One should strive to possess each of those three virtues and to practice them together. Furthermore, the constant (chang 常) is understood as what is just and correct (zheng 正). The Confucian scholar develops those virtues by inserting himself within the Journal of Chinese Religions, 42. 2, 213–259, November 2014 # Society for the Study of Chinese Religions 2015 DOI: 10.1179/0737769X14Z.00000000015 framework of the imperial administration, playing the moral role of regulating society, but he is morally obliged to resign if the administration is irremediably corrupt. ZY12 opens a new dimension, with the reality of the Dao as being hidden, infinite in its usage, beyond human understanding, not unlike the Dao in the Laozi 老子 and Yijing 易經. In ZY13, the Dao is perceived as immanent presence beyond the senses and impossible to isolate. While ZY14 emphasizes the positioning of the junzi 君子 within the social hierarchy as a way to coincide with the unique Dao, ZY15 stresses the importance of familial harmony, of the familiar. ZY17 shows the naturalness of the moral law immanent in the cosmos and the human condition. Inside an order which is somehow enclosed, human beings cannot claim, as in the West, absolute freedom, but only relative autonomy. Though the Song dynasty implemented social differentiation, it also allowed social mobility through its system of meritocracy based on examinations opened to all. Ancestor worship in ZY18 points to the importance of the biological line, and filial piety is precisely to show respect...

Constructivism in Practical Philosophy

Constructivism in Practical Philosophy

Polarization changes in a partially coherent radially polarized doughnut beam through turbulent ocean

On the basis of the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral principle and unified theory of coherence and polarization of light, we studied the effects of oceanic turbulence on polarization properties of a partially coherent radially polarized doughnut (PCRPD) beam. The ocean-induced fluctuations in the refractive index are assumed be driven by temperature and salinity fluctuations. Numerical examples of changes in polarization properties, such as the degree of polarization, the degree of ellipticity, and the orientation angle in the oceanic turbulence for the PCRPD beam, are given. Our analysis demonstrates how polarization of the PCRPD beam is affected by statistical properties of the source and by several parameters of oceanic turbulence. We find that the propagation of the PCRPD beam is different from that of stochastic beams in oceanic turbulence. The degree of polarization for the PCRPD beam approaches a certain steady value, and the elliptical polarized state of the fully polarized portion of the beam will become fully linear in the far field.

Wrangling Space

A ruminative storying and restorying of a life lived in the consequences of space and time, this layered, “disorganized” narrative explores distance in its many and varied forms. Questioning the narrative principle of coherence, the writing plays in the space between presence and absence, distance and desire. Here and there. A psychography of sorts, the resultant piece attempts to make meaning of those interactional accidents of proximity that leave us loved, loving, leaving, or left. And also, and so very inevitably, bruised by the incidental and tedious trauma of it all. In wrangling this space, I seek to embrace the small moments that leave us changed in small ways; those fragments of experience that resist the imposition of coherence, that defy storying, that live on the edge of our narrative world.

Propagation properties of partially coherent radially polarized doughnut beam in turbulent ocean

Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral principle and unified theory of coherence and polarization of light, the change in various propagation properties of partially coherent radially polarized doughnut (PCRPD) beam through the turbulent ocean is studied. The ocean-induced fluctuations in the refractive index are assumed to be driven by temperature and salinity fluctuations. Numerical examples of change in the optical intensity, degree of polarization, degree of coherence are presented for the PCRPD beam. The results show that the oceanic turbulence parameters and the initial parameters of light source have significant influence on the intensity, degree of polarization, and degree of coherence for the PCRPD beam.

PENGEMBANGAN BUKU TEKS MENULIS ARGUMENTASI BERDASARKAN POLA PENALARAN ARGUMENTATIF

This paper aimed to establish the development of textbooks written argumentation based reasoning pattern argumentaif. Through R & D study design, this study produced findings that textbooks written arguments used in the current school textbooks covering publications Pusbuk (BSE), a textbook published by the private sector, and textbooks terbita MGMP. The entire book has a structure of the same material, ie understanding (concept), characteristic / criteria, and the steps are written arguments like writing in general, (2) the development of text books written arguments through support ICT based argumentative reasoning patterns in high school students are prepared based on the principle of development, the provisions of the development, and the steps / procedure development. The principle of development used is based on the principle of coherence, relevance, consistency, and adequacy. The provision of development used whether they reference the development, content, organization of material, material development, presentation, and evaluation. In the meantime, the steps in preparing to write argumentative texts based argumentative reasoning patterns include analyzing SK and KD, determine indicators of achievement, identify basic theories used, compiling textbooks, textbook editing, and verification of eligibility, and (3) The development of textbooks written arguments based argumentative reasoning patterns assessed both by teachers and students of high school and fit for use in learning at school.

Coherence and Coordination The Limits of the Comprehensive Approach

This article explores why international actors assign such high importance to coherence. It argues that the assumptions on which the principle of coherence is based are flawed, and that the empirical and theoretical evidence indicates that there is much less room for coherence than generally acknowledged in the policy debate. It recommends that the international community should lower its expectations and adopt more realistic polices. The current approach tends to put pressure on all partners to adopt a maximal approach to coherence, regardless of their relations to each other and the operational context. Coherence should not be understood as an effort aimed equally at all, nor should all partners be expected to achieve the same level of unity of effort. Coherence should rather be understood as a scale of relationships, and the most appropriate and realistic level of coherence that can be achieved will depend on the exact constellation of organizations in an interdependent relationship in that specific operational context. This article offers a typology of the range of likely relationships, as well as an explanation of the circumstances that may determine the level of coherence that can be realistically expected to develop, depending on the context and the nature of the relationships among the partners.

Queer Systems: The Benefits of a More Systematic Approach to Queer Theology

Queer Systems: The Benefits of a More Systematic Approach to Queer Theology Ivy Helman Queer theology often struggles to convince many Christians of its message of acceptance.1 This occurs in spite of the fact that queer theology hopes to bring about a more just, humane and liberating manifestation of Christianity for all humanity, queers and non‐queers alike. Queer theology, it seems, needs to strengthen and develop itself as a theological discipline in order to have a greater impact. Among the many current theological disciplines now available, systematic theology could help queer theology do just that. Systematic theology has three salient characteristics that could strengthen queer theology’s arguments; queer theology could also benefit from an acknowledgment of its systematic tendencies. One characteristic of systematic theology seems to be a logical, coherent argument based on a unifying principle. Another salient feature appears to be the way systematic theology is an ordered, in‐depth investigation of a broad range of topics. Finally, the third characteristic of systematic theology that could benefit queer theology is the way systematic theology suggests exploring cultural and social components of society and reinterpreting Christian truth in a way that accounts for this context. This often means advocating for change in order to make the Christian message more suited to the times. One can acknowledge the first tendency of systematic theology—it appears to be a logical, coherent argument with a unifying principle— in the theories of three authors: Paul Tillich, A. N. Williams and Christine Helmer. Helmer writes, “System represents a partial or total comprehension by thought of the reality of particular entities or actions” (1). In other words, systematic theologians try to make sense out of the world around them. One can see the principle of coherence in Helmer’s writing. A. N. Williams suggests systematicity’s characteristic of being logical in his article for The International Journal of Systematic Theology entitled “What Is Systematic Theology?” Williams seems to argue that systematic theology is “simply theology which makes explicit that rationality and that relationality” (55). Williams suggests that all systematic theology has three key characteristics: coherence, relationality and rationality (41, 48 and 53, respectively). This emphasis on rationality could be interpreted as an emphasis on logic. In addition, one can see that Williams stresses coherence as well. Finally, a well‐known and oft‐cited author on systematic theology, Paul Tillich indicates the need for unity, what he calls a “method of correlation” (8). This unifying idea coordinates “questions and answers, situation and message, human existence and divine manifestation” (Tillich, 8). Tillich seems to be arguing for the need for systematic theology to unify its message as it addresses its many areas of interest. Systematic theology also seems to consist of an ordered, in‐depth examination of a variety of topics. In their definitions of systematic theology, Leo Garrett Jr. and Daniel Jenkins seem to agree on the significance of these systematic tendencies. Specifically Jenkins seems to stress the in‐depth inquiry into a broad range of topics. He believes ethics to be part of systematic theology (Jenkins, 108). Likewise, “… to be systematic, theology must include a statement of the nature of theological method, of the doctrine of the Trinity, of God and [God’s] attributes or perfections; of creation; of Jesus Christ, his person and work, and related to him, of Christian anthropology in terms of [hu]man[ity], sin and grace; of the Spirit and the Church” (Jenkins, 107). Jenkins’s list appears to be quite comprehensive in scope and seems to demand quite detailed theological work. There seems to be no part of Christianity that systematic theology can or should ignore. Garrett, in his book Systematic Theology: Biblical, Historical and Evangelical, recommends that systematic theology concern itself with the relationship of doctrines to each other and an ordered presentation of material (3 and 16). Here, one can see a range of topics Garrett believes systematic theology should address. Likewise, in Garrett’s work, the reader can see the ordered characteristic of systematic theology. One could argue that the third salient characteristic of systematic theology seems to be its evaluation of contemporary society and its appeal for change. Here again one can see...

Three Philosophical Problems about Consciousness and their Possible Resolution

Three big philosophical problems about consciousness are: Why does it exist? How do we explain and understand it? How can we explain brain-consciousness correlations? If functionalism were true, all three problems would be solved. But it is false, and that means all three problems remain unsolved (in that there is no other obvious candidate for a solution). Here, it is argued that the first problem cannot have a solution; this is inherent in the nature of explanation. The second problem is solved by recognizing that (a) there is an explanation as to why science cannot explain consciousness, and (b) consciousness can be explained by a different kind of explanation, empathic or “personalistic” explanation, compatible with, but not reducible to, scientific explanation. The third problem is solved by exploiting David Chalmers“principle of structural coherence”, and involves postulating that sensations experienced by us–visual, auditory, tactile, and so on–amount to minute scattered regions in a vast, multi dimensional “space” of all possible sensations, which vary smoothly, and in a linear way, throughout the space. There is also the space of all possible sentient brain processes. There is just one, unique one-one mapping between these two spaces that preserves continuity and linearity. It is this which provides the explanation as to why brain processes and sensations are correlated as they are. I consider objections to this unique-matching theory, and consider how the theory might be empirically confirmed.

A Hive of Mysterious Danger

A Hive of Mysterious Danger Joseph Murtagh (bio) Dostoevsky once remarked that the degree of civilization in a country can be judged by entering its prisons. In America, we have the federal system, which means our prisons are a reflection of the heterogeneity of our states and municipalities. Pick at random from the nearly 5,000 institutions that make up the U.S. prison system, and you will be hard-pressed to discover any underlying principle of order or coherence: scattered across the American landscape are huge, hulking fortresses and tiny, compact jails, prisons of unthinkable cruelty and violence and prisons that offer inmates classes in cooking and horticulture, prisons in which the inmates eat their meals in common and prisons in which the inmates never leave their cells, prisons that hold the most hardened [End Page 56] [Begin Page 58] criminals in the world and prisons that hold the drug addict who stole eighty-three dollars from the corner store last January. It used to be that lawbreakers were exiled to foreign lands, but now they are exiled right here at home, cast into domestic wildernesses of iron and stone from which roughly nine-tenths will emerge, while the rest will languish for their entire lifetimes. A common misperception is that prisons consist of only two populations, prisoners and guards, but American prisons are also home to doctors, psychologists, dental hygienists, drug counselors, math tutors, chaplains, barbers, nurses, union reps, administrators, volunteer service coordinators, all of whom go about their daily business in an environment in which the usual petty frustrations that attend working in the United States are complicated and intensified by the fact that this workplace is a prison. Here space is a precarious commodity, the air is riddled with danger and the rhythms of life are hedged around with a bewildering code of rules that bears little relation to the rules of the outside world. Here it is nearly impossible to disengage yourself; there is always the apparatus seeking you out. It goes without saying that if you were to remove the rooftops from these prisons, you would uncover a world of dramatic intensities, a world of cruelty and faith and madness and perversion and boredom and humor and tragedy and despair. But it is a world almost entirely ignored by the broader taxpaying public, a world that for the past four decades has grown steadily larger. It's eight o'clock in the evening at Auburn Correctional Facility, a maximum security prison in the Finger Lakes region of upstate New York, and the twenty or so members of English 129: Literary Existentialism have just finished reading a portion of the Genealogy of Morals by Friedrich Nietzsche. The prisoners (for that is what all of the students in English 129 are: inmates at Auburn serving sentences ranging from two to three years to life) have zeroed in on a passage in the Genealogy of Morals where Nietzsche discusses the concept of mercy. Nietzsche isn't known for his thoughts on mercy, and the passage stands out in a book that is otherwise written in a vein of jovial contempt. There are times when my role as instructor of English 129 becomes almost meaningless, when the discussion develops its own spontaneous energy, ricocheting back and forth among the prisoners like a ping-pong ball, and this is one of those times. Nietzsche has hit a nerve, and it's not hard to guess why. Because with that peculiar sympathy for the incarcerated that is so characteristic of Nietzsche and the [End Page 58] other authors we are studying in class this semester—Camus, Doestoevsky, Kafka—Nietzsche has postulated that, much as an elephant might ignore a mosquito buzzing around its ankle, a civilization might advance to such a degree of power that it would no longer feel compelled to punish its criminals. "It is not unthinkable," writes Nietzsche in The Genealogy of Morals, "that a society might attain such a consciousness of power that it could allow itself the noblest luxury possible to it—letting those who harm it go unpunished. 'What are my parasites to me?' it might say. 'May they live and prosper: I am...

脉冲激光作用下的量子定位实验方案的设计及分析

Based on the principle of quantum coherence and quantum spatial positioning,the experimental scheme of the quantum spatial positioning is designed.The spectrum characteristics of the entanglement photons with spontaneous type-II parametric down-conversion pumped by a broadband frequency pulse laser are discussed.The characteristics of the second-order coherent function and the impact of the phase matching conditions on the quantum spatial positioning are analyzed.It is shown that awith the increase of the pump band-width,the coherence of entangled biphoton is diminished,and the measuring accuracy of the quantum spatial positioning is also reduced.

Distributional Equivalence and Subcompositional Coherence in the Analysis of Compositional Data, Contingency Tables and Ratio-Scale Measurements

We consider two fundamental properties in the analysis of two-way tables of positive data: the principle of distributional equivalence, one of the cornerstones of correspondence analysis of contingency tables, and the principle of subcompositional coherence, which forms the basis of compositional data analysis. For an analysis to be subcompositionally coherent, it suffices to analyze the ratios of the data values. A common approach to dimension reduction in compositional data analysis is to perform principal component analysis on the logarithms of ratios, but this method does not obey the principle of distributional equivalence. We show that by introducing weights for the rows and columns, the method achieves this desirable property and can be applied to a wider class of methods. This weighted log-ratio analysis is theoretically equivalent to "spectral mapping", a multivariate method developed almost 30 years ago for displaying ratio-scale data from biological activity spectra. The close relationship between spectral mapping and correspondence analysis is also explained, as well as their connection with association modeling. The weighted log-ratio methodology is used here to visualize frequency data in linguistics and chemical compositional data in archeology.

Police personnel cultures: a comparative study of counter terrorist and criminal investigation units

There seems to be no such thing as one single police culture. Depending on organization, structure, and task, culture in the police varies. In this research, counter terrorist police and criminal investigation police in Norway are compared. Although Norway has one police service, which is based on the principle of coherence, meaning that all functions are in one organization, significant cultural differences were found. The most significant difference in occupational culture was found on the scale from time firm vs. time floats. Police officers in the counter terrorist police find that time schedules, deadlines, and speed are important in their job. On the other hand, police officers in the criminal investigation police find sufficient time and not being run by the watch important in their job. The second most significant difference in occupational culture was found on the scale from legality vs. effectiveness. Police officers in the counter terrorist police find it more important to follow regulations and instructions than criminal investigators.