Principle Of Stability Research Articles

Abdominal wall tension increases using Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization principles in different postural positions

BackgroundIntra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is an important mechanism stabilizing the spine and trunk. IAP regulation depends on the coordination of abdominal muscles, diaphragm and pelvic floor muscles. ObjectiveTo determine the differences in abdominal wall tension (AWT) of various postural positions, first without any correction, then after verbal and manual instructions according to Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) principles. MethodsIn a cross-sectional observational study, thirty healthy individuals (mean age = 22.73 ± 1.91 years) were fitted with two Ohmbelt sensors contralaterally above the inguinal ligament and in the upper lumbar triangle. AWT was measured during five postural positions: sitting, supine with legs raised, squat, bear and hang position. First, spontaneous AWT was measured, then again after manual and verbal instructions following DNS principles. ResultsAWT increased significantly with DNS instructions compared to spontaneous activation. Both sensors recorded significant increases (p < .01; Cohen's d = −1.13 to −2.06) in all observed postural situations. The increase in activity occurred simultaneously on both sensors, with no significant differences noted in pressure increases between the sensors. The greatest activation for both sensors occurred in the bear position. Significant increases in activity were identified for both sensors in the supine leg raise position and in the bear position compared to spontaneous activation in sitting (p < .001). There were no statistically significant differences (for both sensors) between women and men in any position. ConclusionThe amount of AWT significantly increases after verbal and manual instructions according to DNS. The greatest abdominal wall activation was achieved in the bear position.

CETSA Feature Based Clustering for Protein Outlier Discovery by Protein-to-Protein Interaction Prediction.

The Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) is a biophysical assay based on the principle of ligand-induced thermal stabilization of target proteins. This technology has revolutionized cell-based target engagement studies and has been used as guidance for drug design. Although many ap-plications of CETSA data have been explored, the correlations between CETSA data and protein-protein interactions (PPI) have barely been touched. In this study, we conduct the first exploration study applying CETSA data for PPI prediction. We use a machine learning method, Decision Tree, to predict PPI scores using proteins' CETSA features. It shows promising results that the predicted PPI scores closely match the ground-truth PPI scores. Furthermore, for a small number of protein pairs, whose PPI score predictions mismatch the ground truth, we use iterative clustering strategy to gradually reduce the number of these pairs. At the end of iterative clustering, the remaining protein pairs may have some unusual properties and are of scientific value for further biological investigation. Our study has demonstrated that PPI is a brand-new application of CETSA data. At the same time, it also manifests that CETSA data can be used as a new data source for PPI exploration study.

Court composition and its invariability as elements of a court established by the law during Covid-19 pandemic: lessons from Poland

The article discusses systemic and processual changes in provisions referring to the panels of judges in Poland. The statutory regulation adequate during the COVID-19 epidemic contains regulations whereby a single-judge panel is proper in the first and second instance. At the same time, the principle of invariability and stability of the courts' panel was exterminated. However, in case of Poland the protection of the dependent court, established with an extreme breach of law is protected by administrative and political decisions on shaping the court composition. Dogmatic legal analysis. The subject of the dogmatic legal analysis is the content of the law and its interpretations found in the jurisprudence and views of the doctrine. The court ‘shaped’ in such a way guarantees the expected ‘judgment’. There are fears that these standards of the highest judiciary bodies in Poland may spread among other courts which are managed by the presidents appointed by Justice Minister - General Prosecutor. Judges appointed in an illegal way will, by way of political decisions, be in particular court composition, and then talking about court independence will be completely untrue. Let's hope that COVID-19 pandemic will end soon. It is then necessary to make sure that all the restrictions on the right of recourse to court, introduced as a pretext to combat the pandemic, will be removed. Otherwise, the pandemic of lawlessness will stay with us much longer than Covid.

Justification principles of movement stabilization of an articulated electric bus with a rear pushing section

Introduction (statement of the problem and relevance). Currently, the need for intra-city passenger transportation is becoming more acute. High-capacity and electric buses, including articulated and double-decker ones, have proven their efficiency both in Russia and abroad and are widespread. The fact is especially important for the cities that do not have a network of high-speed transport. As a result, in these cities the passenger traffic load falls on ground transport, the main type of which is a bus or an electric bus.The purpose of the study was to increase the stability of an articulated electric bus with a rear pushing section in motion introducing an elastic-damping connection in the articulation unit.Methodology and research methods. Simulation modeling methods were used.Scientific novelty and results. It was shown that the stable movement of an articulated electric bus with a rear driving axle could be ensured by introducing an elastic-damping connection in the coupling device. The damping coefficient must be variable and dependent on the folding sections angle of the electric bus. A hydraulic system scheme for an electric bus coupling was proposed, consisting of two hydraulic cylinders, a hydraulic accumulator and spool devices, which ensured the creation of an elastic-damping connection between the sections. The differential equations analysis of the front section motion showed that its rectilinear motion was unstable. To ensure the stability of its movement in the electric bus articulation, it was necessary to create an elastic restoring moment directed against the folding sections angle. Curvilinear movement of the rear section was stable.Practical significance. It has been established that the introduction of variable throttling in the sections folding system of an articulated electric bus with a rear pushing section increases the stability of its movement when making a “turn” maneuver on supporting surfaces with low grip properties.

Implementatsiia inozemnoho dosvidu zabezpechennia enerhetychnoi bezpeky derzhavy v ramkakh udoskonalennia enerhetychnoi polityky Ukrainy

The article substantiates that the exhaustibility of energy resources, their non-renewability has a negative impact on energy-intensive economies. The author proves that the energy sector of the state, as a key aspect of innovative development, is a powerful tool of geopolitical influence and change the balance of power in the context of protecting the national interests of the state in the implementation of foreign policy. It is established that industrialized countries (Germany, Great Britain, etc.) are characterized by GDP growth without increasing (while reducing) the use of energy resources. It is studied that ensuring US energy security should be based on a number of principles, including the principle of diversification of supplies; the principle of stability; the principle of integration of countries in order to ensure a stable supply of oil and the principle of efficiency in obtaining important information. It is determined that the government of the People’s Republic of China, along with a balanced state policy in the energy sector, actively involves local authorities in the implementation of national energy and investment projects. In the study of this issue, it is found that Germany is characterized by the priority of using alternative fuels, biofuels and a gradual increase in the share of renewable energy sources in the energy sector. And the basis of France’s energy security is nuclear energy and the active introduction of environmentally friendly technologies. The author considers the key advantages and disadvantages for Ukraine from membership in ENTSO-E. It is noted that in order to increase the efficiency of the energy sector and, consequently, the energy security of the state should consider the feasibility and effectiveness of the main areas of energy reform that can be applied, including restructuring, privatization of energy companies and liberalization (significant weakening of state regulation). The analysis of foreign experience in ensuring the energy security of the state makes it possible to identify a number of key areas of decarbonisation in order to make changes in the formation and implementation of state policy in the energy sector in Ukraine.

METHODS OF ADAPTABILITY AND STABILITY APPLIED TO SOYBEAN CULTIVARS RECOMMENDATION

Currently, there are several methods for adaptability and stability analyses, which are distinguished according to the adopted concepts of stability and statistical principles. This study aimed to compare the adaptability and stability methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966), Cruz et al. (1989), and Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998), besides to select soybean cultivars with high adaptability, stability, and grain yield. Ten trials of the competition were carried out with fifteen soybean cultivars during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 crop seasons. The method of Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998), stands out for recommendation of soybean cultivars, as it combines productivity, stability and adaptability for genotype classification, being an easy to interpret method.

Application of the principle of legal significance when considering administrative cases

The principle is the starting point for the analysis, interpretation and application of any system. The principle is substantiated by the fact that in the administrative sphere it is common to change the interpretation of certain legal norms with a corresponding change of orientation, which has a normative character, affecting situations that are already recognized and enshrined in force. The increasing proclamation of the principle of legal certainty, which is becoming more and more widespread, sometimes creates exaggerations, sometimes unjustified risks, which imposes its delimitation in accordance with the current legal order. Thus, through dogmatic analysis, it is proposed to classify the content of the principle of legal certainty into two conceptual cores, namely: certainty and stability. In this aspect, the validity of legal norms, effective projection and content of legal norms is considered, while the institutions of acquired law, perfect legal act and res judicata, the subprinciple of protection of legitimate expectations with their respective manifestations are studied under the prism of stability.&#x0D; The principle of legal certainty, also known as the principle of legitimate expectations (protection of trust), is one of the basic sub-principles of the rule of law, which is one of the most important principles of common law. The principle of legal certainty or stability of legal relations prevents unjustified deconstitution of legal acts or situations, even if at the time of its constitution there was a discrepancy with the legal text. Thus, the importance of legal certainty is aimed at protecting the expectations of citizens, ie the public manager must use past practices and precedents of public administration, which made possible and created expectations of citizens. The principle of legal certainty presupposes the existence of a coherent mechanism capable of ensuring the rule of law and serving as a standard for legislation and the judiciary. In a broad sense, the principle of legal certainty is a set of requirements for the organization and functioning of the legal system in order to ensure primarily a stable legal position of the individual by improving the processes of lawmaking and law enforcement.

Model‐based online efficiency control of induction motor drives based on nonlinear technique

To accomplish benefits such as high accuracy and fast response, the model-based loss minimisation algorithms (LMAs) are introduced in the literature, as one of the main available techniques for minimising power losses in electrical motors. They are appropriate for dynamic applications, which necessitate very fast update of the control variable. This study proposes a novel real-time LMA based on super-twisting sliding mode controller (SMC) for induction motor (IM) drives, while keeping a good dynamic response. In this regard, a loss minimisation criterion for the efficiency optimisation is proposed and scrutinised. It is shown analytically that LMA will be realised if the nonlinear controller forces this criterion to zero. Moreover, a super-twisting SMC integrated with the iron loss is proposed which directly regulates both the power loss-minimising criterion and the electromagnetic torque by choosing those as control outputs. The stability of the super-twisting SMC is also verified through the Lyapunov's stability principle. The complete closed-loop control of the proposed LMA-based IM drive is successfully implemented in real-time using a digital signal processor board TMS320F28335 for a laboratory 3-phase IM drive of 2.2 kW. The performance and functionality of the proposed scheme are assessed through experimental results.

The road to fully programmable protein catalysis.

The ability to design efficient enzymes from scratch would have a profound effect on chemistry, biotechnology and medicine. Rapid progress in protein engineering over the past decade makes us optimistic that this ambition is within reach. The development of artificial enzymes containing metal cofactors and noncanonical organocatalytic groups shows how protein structure can be optimized to harness the reactivity of nonproteinogenic elements. In parallel, computational methods have been used to design protein catalysts for diverse reactions on the basis of fundamental principles of transition state stabilization. Although the activities of designed catalysts have been quite low, extensive laboratory evolution has been used to generate efficient enzymes. Structural analysis of these systems has revealed the high degree of precision that will be needed to design catalysts with greater activity. To this end, emerging protein design methods, including deep learning, hold particular promise for improving model accuracy. Here we take stock of key developments in the field and highlight new opportunities for innovation that should allow us to transition beyond the current state of the art and enable the robust design of biocatalysts to address societal needs.

Research on Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy-Model-Based Vehicle Stability Control for Autonomous Vehicles

Human–machine cooperative driving is an important stage in the development of autonomous driving technology. However, in emergencies, the problem of vehicle stability control for human–computer cooperative autonomous vehicles is still worthy of attention. This paper mainly realizes the stability control of the human–machine cooperative driving vehicle through active steering and considers the influence of the change of vehicle speed on the vehicle stability control performance. Therefore, a vehicle stability control method based on the superposition of steering torque is proposed, in which the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model is used to solve the variable parameter problem. Firstly, a vehicle system model with steering moment as input is established to ensure that the driver can participate in the steering control. Secondly, the nonlinear T-S fuzzy model is established by fuzzifying the local linear model. Then, the parallel-distributed-compensation (PDC) method is used to design the vehicle stability controller, and the asymptotic stability of the system in the range of variable parameters is proved by using the Lyapunov stability principle. Finally, the simulation and experimental results show that the control method can improve the handling stability of the human–machine cooperative driving vehicle under the condition of vehicle speed variation.

Interfacial Characteristics of Power-Law Viscoelastic Fluid With Heat and Mass Transfer in Planar Configuration

Abstract In this study, a linear stability principle is utilized to investigate the Rayleigh–Taylor stability at the power-law viscoelastic fluid/inviscid gas interface. The power-law viscoelastic fluid lies above the gas and heat is transferred from the upper phase to the lower phase and vice versa. The simplified formulation for heat transport derived by Hsieh (1972, “The Effect of Heat and Mass on Rayleigh Taylor Instability,” ASME J. Basic Eng., 94(1), pp. 156–160) is utilized here. In the perturbed state, the mathematical equations are linearized and the well-known normal mode procedure is employed to examine the stability. An implicit dispersion relationship in the terms of growth rate parameter is achieved and solved through the Newton–Raphson method. The various plots are made to study the behavior of flow variables on the stability of the interface. It is found that the instability of the interface decreases if the transfer of heat is increased. The power-law fluid interface is more stable than the inviscid fluid interface while it is more unstable than the corresponding Newtonian fluid interface. The high power-law index makes the system more stable while a denser power-law fluid reduces the interfacial stability. The consistency coefficient and viscosity of power-law fluid both have a stabilizing character.

Trajectory tracking control based on memory data for robots with imprecise dynamic properties and interference

AbstractIn this article, a new controller design method is proposed for the trajectory tracking problem of robots with imprecise dynamic properties and interference. By using the tracking error memory data of state variables to construct control law, the tracking errors caused by the system interference and inaccurate system modeling can be eliminated, and interference compensation can be realized, so that the system has the desired dynamic performance. The proposed method comes from the tracking control design of an affine nonlinear system. The controller is based on the error function of the control input in the ideal state and the actual state. According to the Lyapunov stability principle, it is proved that the proposed controller has good robustness under the conditions of bounded interference and inaccurate modeling. MATLAB was used to establish the controller and dynamic equation of the two‐joint planar robot for trajectory tracking simulation. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed controller.

Psychological Principles of the Formation of General Compensatory Reactions of the Patient with Ischemic Stroke in a Case of Physical Rehabilitatio

The objectives of our article are: 1) to study the characteristics of disorders of psychomotor function and psycho-emotional state of patients with ischemic stroke according to the initial examination; 2) to develop the method of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke at the inpatient stage of rehabilitation, depending on the severity of psychomotor functions and features of the psycho-emotional state; 3) to propose psychological principles of the formation of general compensatory reactions of the patient with ischemic stroke in a case of physical rehabilitation. Research methods. There were used psychological and pedagogical research methods: the analysis of literature sources, the method of psychological and pedagogical observation, psychological and pedagogical experiment, providing the research of psycho-emotional state (M. Lucher’s test is used (Lucher,2012)), determination of motor activity on the “Scale of psychomotor activity” by L.S. Rohovyk (Роговик, 2013). For our research we proposed “The author’s methodology of measuring the amount of active movements in the joints of the patient’s limbs” (Харченко &amp; Михальчук, 2022a) and “Six-point scale for assessing muscle strength in the joints of the patient’s limbs” (Харченко &amp; Михальчук, 2022b). The results of the research. Patients showed increased tone in the flexion of the ankle joint and extension of the hip and knee joints. In other muscle groups, the tone was not increased, and in the upper extremities there was a decrease in muscle tone. Muscle strength was statistically significant. In a case of the research of the limbs of the unaffected side, the following data were obtained: the volume of active movements was 55.68% ± 4.3 of the appropriate volume of movements and the values are significantly higher. The rate of passive movements was higher than the affected party (at the level of reliability and amounted to 63.06% ± 3.9 of the appropriate volume of passive movements and corresponded to the average values for the age group of respondents. The mean value of muscle strength was 61.28% ± 7.3 values are statistically significant of the affected side. Muscle tone on the unaffected side was higher than normal and was 27.9% ± 3.6 of the maximum value. It was proved that the amount of passive movements in the experimental group as a whole is slightly lower than in the control group. Conclusions. Adequate tonal response of the muscular system leads to the formation of a pathological static stereotype. We proposed psychological principles for the formation of general compensatory reactions of the patient in a case of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke: 1. The principle of actualization of the defect. 2. The principle of progressive mobilization of compensatory mechanisms of psychomotor activity. 3. The principle of continuous reverse concentration of compensatory mechanisms of the personality psyche. 4. The principle of authorizing the compensatory mechanisms of the individual psyche. 5. The principle of relative stability of the compensatory mechanisms of the individual psyche.

Cellular Sensing Governs the Stability of Chemotactic Fronts.

In contexts ranging from embryonic development to bacterial ecology, cell populations migrate chemotactically along self-generated chemical gradients, often forming a propagating front. Here, we theoretically show that the stability of such chemotactic fronts to morphological perturbations is determined by limitations in the ability of individual cells to sense and thereby respond to the chemical gradient. Specifically, cells at bulging parts of a front are exposed to a smaller gradient, which slows them down and promotes stability, but they also respond more strongly to the gradient, which speeds them up and promotes instability. We predict that this competition leads to chemotactic fingering when sensing is limited at too low chemical concentrations. Guided by this finding and by experimental data on E. coli chemotaxis, we suggest that the cells' sensory machinery might have evolved to avoid these limitations and ensure stable front propagation. Finally, as sensing of any stimuli is necessarily limited in living and active matter in general, the principle of sensing-induced stability may operate in other types of directed migration such as durotaxis, electrotaxis, and phototaxis.

Intelligent analysis method for transient stability of power distribution system

According to the principle of transient stability of power distribution system, this paper establishes the evaluation model of system transient stability, and studies a new intelligent analysis method of transient stability of power distribution system. Improve the process of power system transient stability analysis through wavelet transform. The experimental results show that the intelligent analysis method of transient stability of power distribution system based on wavelet transform can effectively shorten the analysis time and improve the accuracy.

Economic Field as a Tool of Social Structuration

Generative potential of exchange as a mechanism for structuring and stabilizing society is discussed. As a way of organizing social life and structuring the beginning of the economy, the exchange is based on the principles of commodity-centrism and cyclist, which are actually manifested in various segments of the commodity environment. Commodity-centrism is one of the mechanisms for maintaining the stability of the social space embodying the principles of static stability and integrity. The concept of the economic field is introduced – a special reality that manifests itself in the social space, organizing social practices and representations of agents included in the system of production and consumption of products. Economic agents (creators of products, participants in production, sellers, and buyers) are owners of various forms of capital, which they use to strengthen their position in the social space.

Prediction Method for Surface Subsidence of Coal Seam Mining in Loess Donga Based on the Probability Integration Model

The accurate prediction of surface subsidence is a significant foundation for the damage assessment of coal seam mining and ecological environment reclamation in loess donga. However, conventional models are very problematic, and the reliability of prediction is usually low. Therefore, we propose a method for predicting surface subsidence of coal seam mining in loess donga that is based on the probability integration model, combined with the movement principle of rock and soil layers in the respective study area, and considering the influence of slope stability and additional mining slip on mining subsidence. The feasibility of our new method was verified by a case study in the N1114 working face of the Ningtiaota coal mine (China) that is situated in an area with abundant loess dongas. The results show that slope slippage is the source of error in the prediction of subsidence in loess donga. The prediction idea of “dividing the surface of loess donga into horizontal strata area and slope sub-area, and predicting the subsidence value of the two areas, respectively” is put forward. A method for predicting the subsidence value of two regions is established. First, based on the theory of probability integral and rock formation movement, the probability integral parameters of the horizontal stratum area are determined, and the subsidence basins in the area are superimposed and calculated. Secondly, according to the slope stability and slip principle, the additional displacement of subsidence in the slope area with mining instability coefficient Gcs &gt; 0.87 is calculated. Finally, combined with the subsidence prediction results of the strata area and the slope sub-area, and the position of the slope, the accurate prediction of the surface subsidence in loess donga is realized. Our results show that the agreement between the curves predicted from our calculations and from the measured data are between 88.7–97.8%. The calculated error of the additional displacement of slope mining slip is between 1.0–9.8%. The excellent correlation between the modelled and measured data documents that our method provides, demonstrated a new efficient and valuable tool for the precise prediction of damages induced by mining of underground coal seams in loess donga.

Application Practice Analysis of Ice and Snow Sports Training Assistance System Based on Internet of Things

Teachers play an essential role in physical culture, and they are not only responsible for analysis and guidance but also responsible for formulating specific training methods and training rhythms according to athletes’ personalities. Computer technology has developed rapidly into the 21st century. In sports training, some researchers have also started to analyze and generalize physical activity and movement patterns using IoT technology. Not only can it analyze the rules of specific sports science, but it can also use computers to intentionally infiltrate sports facilities to provide advanced technical support to effectively improve training and science. In this article, IoT technology is introduced to study the auxiliary system for ice and snow sports training. Before designing the system, this paper plans the system architecture in detail, including the principle of stability, the simplicity and practicality, and the principle of low price. Using this auxiliary system, the sensitivity of the lower limbs of ice and snow athletes was trained in this paper. The sensitivity scores of 5 athletes before the experiment were 50, 54, 49, 38, and 35, and the scores after the experiment were 32, 26, 31, 35, and 30, and the sensitivity was significantly improved.

Recent trends in bio-materials and advances in design of spinal fusion implants

ABSTRACT Metals, ceramics and polymers are the three broad categories of bio-materials utilised in spinal fusion devices. A bio-material with good tensile strength, bio-compatible, minimal imaging artefacts, stiffness, young’s modulus near the bone and fatigue strength is suitable for a spinal fusion implant. Unfortunately, no material excels all desirable properties, such as high strength, similar elastic modulus to bone and excellent host tissue response. As a result, the materials used for such types of implants are identified by the unique criteria that are most significant and necessary for the implants specific applications. This may result in various components of a single implant being made of multi-materials to better fit its intended purpose. In fusion surgeries, implants and its fixation methods have advanced significantly to meet the demands of surgeons, who continue to increase their understanding of the bio-mechanical principles of spinal stability and help improve the production of novel implant design. The review focused on recent advancements and trends in the design of fusion devices and the use of bio-materials in their component assemblies. This review will help researchers to enhance and optimise the design and material properties for future spine implantology research.

Design and control of optical steady image system of aerial camera

In order to solve the problem of aerial photography imaging blur, an aerial camera optical image stabilization system is designed. Based on the principle of optical image stabilization, a forward image stabilization system of aerial camera was designed by analyzing the imaging blur of aerial camera. The equivalent resolution of the system is 500-1000 l p/mm, and the corresponding pixel size is 1-2 μm. Aiming at the optical image stabilization system to establish its PID and corresponding adaptive PID control model, establish its closed-loop system transfer function, and use MATLAB to simulate and analyze the control system. The results show that the whole image stabilization system becomes stable after 0.01s and can achieve the goal of image stabilization. It solves the problem of forward image motion of aerial camera, and greatly improves the imaging effect of aerial camera when it works.