Principal Part Research Articles

Phishing Attack: A Case Study and Their Prevention Techniques

The web has turned into a principal part of our conventional social and financial activities. The web isn't significant for singular clients just yet additionally for associations, since associations that offer web-based exchanging can accomplish an upper hand by serving overall customers. Webworks arriving at clients all around the globe with no commercial center limitations and with successful utilization of internet business. Consequently, Internet customers may be defenseless against different kinds of web risks, that may cause financial damages, information forgery, brand reputation mischief, the sacrifice of private information, and loss of customers' confidence in online business and electronic banking. Thusly, the reasonableness of the Internet for business exchanges becomes dubious. Phishing is seen as a design of web peril which is classified as the forte of mimicking a website of a legitimate undertaking proposing to gain a client's private accreditations, for instance, usernames, passwords, and federal retirement aide numbers. In this paper, we present an survey on the phishing activity, their impact, causes prevention, threads , reports and Cyber Lab security concern . we also discuss about how we can establish a batter cyber security lab to protect from phishing and malware This paper also present an overview report of LACL Cyber Lab which establish in Los Angeles to protect from all cyber attack and how we can gain the knowledge about new threads. .

Трансформации грамматической основы предложения как средство выражения коннотативных смыслов высказывания

The study aims to identify variability in the forms of expressing the grammatical basis and the features of the connection between the principal parts in the sentence as a factor of connotation at the syntactic level of the Russian language. The article examines various means and ways of presenting the main meaning of an utterance, taking into account additional emotional-expressive, evaluative, and stylistic nuances of the utterance. The work analyzes the forms of the predicate, including those expressed by verbal phraseological units, as a means of connotation, and the fluctuations in the coordination of the subject with the predicate. Special cases of reduction and expansion of the grammatical basis as indicators of the connotative nuances of an utterance are noted. Syntactic connotation is substantiated in the aspect of subjective modality types of the sentence. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it substantiates the status of syntactic connotation for the first time and specifies the connotative meanings of an utterance depending on the grammatical resources of the sentence. As a result, it has been found that sentences with non-specialized forms of the predicate and with formally unexpressed predicative connection of the principal parts are most prone to connotative complexity.

Metabolic Network Analysis Reveals Human Impact on Urban Nitrogen Cycles

Human interactions have led to the emergence of a higher complexity of urban metabolic networks; hence, traditional natural- or agriculture-oriented biogeochemical models might not be transferred well to urban environments. Increasingly serious environmental problems require the development of new concepts and models. Here, we propose a basic paradigm for urban–rural complex nitrogen (N) metabolic network reconstruction (NMNR) by introducing new concepts and methodologies from systems biology at the molecular scale, analyzing both local and global structural properties and exploring optimization and regulation methods. Using the Great Hangzhou Areas System (GHA) as a case study, we revealed that pathway fluxes follow a power law distribution, which indicates that human-dominated pathways constitute the principal part of the functions of the whole network. However, only 1.16% of the effective cycling pathways and an average hamming distance of only 5.23 between the main pathways indicate that the network lacks diverse pathways and feedback loops, which could lead to low robustness. Furthermore, more than half of the N fluxes did not pass through core metabolism, causing waste and pollution. We also provided strategies to design network structures and regulate system function: improving robustness and reducing pollution by referring to the characteristics of biochemical metabolic networks (e.g., the bow-tie structure). This method can be used to replace the trial-and-error method in system regulation and design. By decomposing the GHA N metabolic network into 4398 metabolic pathways and the corresponding fluxes with a power law distribution, NMNR helps us quantify the vulnerability in the current urban nitrogen cycle. The basic ideas and methodology in NMNR can be applied to coupled human and natural systems to advance global sustainable development studies, and they can also extend systems biology from the molecule to complex ecosystems and lead to the development of multi-scale unified theory in systems biology.

Strongly hyperbolic quasilinear systems revisited, with applications to relativistic fluid dynamics

We revisit the theory of first-order quasilinear systems with diagonalizable principal part and only real eigenvalues, what is commonly referred to as strongly hyperbolic systems. We provide a self-contained and simple proof of local well-posedness, in the Hadamard sense, of the Cauchy problem. Our regularity assumptions are very minimal. As an application, we apply our results to systems of ideal and viscous relativistic fluids, where the theory of strongly hyperbolic equations has been systematically used to study several systems of physical interest.

A medical visual question answering approach based on co-attention networks

Recent studies have introduced attention models for medical visual question answering (MVQA). In medical research, not only is the modeling of "visual attention" crucial, but the modeling of "question attention" is equally significant. To facilitate bidirectional reasoning in the attention processes involving medical images and questions, a new MVQA architecture, named MCAN, has been proposed. This architecture incorporated a cross-modal co-attention network, FCAF, which identifies key words in questions and principal parts in images. Through a meta-learning channel attention module (MLCA), weights were adaptively assigned to each word and region, reflecting the model's focus on specific words and regions during reasoning. Additionally, this study specially designed and developed a medical domain-specific word embedding model, Med-GloVe, to further enhance the model's accuracy and practical value. Experimental results indicated that MCAN proposed in this study improved the accuracy by 7.7% on free-form questions in the Path-VQA dataset, and by 4.4% on closed-form questions in the VQA-RAD dataset, which effectively improves the accuracy of the medical vision question answer.

Performance of power generation: A dynamic productivity and efficiency analysis

This study evaluates the performance dynamics of Oman's principal part of electricity generation. Emphasis is placed on capturing the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the industry's performance indicators. We utilised the Malmquist Index method to analyse the changes in overall performance indicators over time. This approach allows us to distinguish between efficiency and technology changes. In addition, we employed the analysis of variance approach to test hypotheses related to COVID-19. Data is collected from twelve electricity producers across Oman's power sector. These consist of companies listed on the Stock Exchange Market in Oman, accounting for about 60 % of the total electricity production in the Sultanate. The predominant findings indicate that COVID-19 detrimentally impacted the sector's aggregate performance in 2020 but had a swift recovery in 2021. The analysis of the sample firm's productivity indices verifies that the decline in productivity in 2020 due to the Pandemic is attributable to a decrease in average efficiency indices and a negative shift in the projected frontier. These are probable consequences of the recessionary effects caused by the Pandemic. Despite a considerable decrease in average efficiency scores, a positive change in the frontier has facilitated a rapid recovery in 2021. This recovery can be attributed to the implementation of advanced technical upgrades in particular enterprises, which began as early as 2018/2019, well before the onset of the Pandemic.

Fourier coefficients of Jacobi forms of real weights

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be positive integers and [Formula: see text] be a negative real number. Let [Formula: see text] be a multiplier system of weight [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we give an exact formula for the Fourier coefficients of the holomorphic part of a harmonic Maass–Jacobi form of weight [Formula: see text], index [Formula: see text], and multiplier system [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text]. As an application, we investigate the number of ratios of the Fourier coefficients of the holomorphic parts of two harmonic Maass–Jacobi forms. Moreover, we obtain the equivalent conditions for the principal part of a harmonic Maass–Jacobi form to be the principal part of a weak Jacobi form with poles only at infinity.

IIMT-net: Poly-1 weights balanced multi-task network for semantic segmentation and depth estimation using interactive information

Semantic segmentation and depth estimation are two basic researchable problems in computer vision. In common, we explore the two tasks separately. However, in some scenes, such as autonomous driving, they need be done at the same time. Meanwhile, there exists interconnected information between two tasks, which can jointly promote the performances of them. Thus, we explore the two tasks based on multi-task learning to jointly train the tasks and gain predictions together. In this paper, we build Interactive Information Multi-Task Network (IIMT-Net) incorporating the information interactive modules, trained with proposed task-balancing strategy. To be specific, we construct the principal part of encoder and decoder based on Transformer to well capture the global information. For better utilization of the task interaction between two tasks, we also add information fusion modules in two sub-decoders. In addition, the task-balancing strategy, Poly-1 weights, is designed as the balance among samples with different degrees of difficulty to ensure the network won't be biased towards any task severely. The proposed approach's exceptional performance has been extensively showcased through experimental results on the NYU Depth V2 dataset, the Cityscapes dataset, and the SUN RGB-D dataset. Our model can complete the predictions of semantic segmentation task and depth estimation task together and obtain mIoU values of 46.66% on the NYU Depth V2 dataset, 66.37% on the Cityscapes dataset, and 49.89% on the SUN RGB-D dataset, respectively with rmse values of 0.648, 6.630 and 0.401 for depth estimation task, which outperform most existing methods in multi-task learning.

Training framework for high-stakes OSCE: Experience from volunteer standardized patients' bank.

Training of standardized patients (SPs) for national high-stakes OSCE helps to ensure a reliable assessment of student performance in various clinical scenarios. However, workflow protocols to train SPs vary. Medical schools adopt specific measures to ensure standardization. We present a development workflow of the SPs' training framework for high-stakes OSCE using a volunteer SPs' bank. Our approach was guided by the social learning theory. Three educators and 17/20 (85%) members of our volunteer SPs' bank worked in a collaborative partnership on the construction of pedagogical content of the training framework comprising three 2-hour sessions. Since SPs have to demonstrate acquired behaviors, intended learning outcomes used the words "apply", "perform" and "participate." A principal part of the evaluation was the achievement of intended learning outcomes by the SPs during 3 formative OSCEs. Seventeen SPs, 356 fourth year medical students and 60 examiners participated. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by post-session questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Twelve examiners evaluated a mean of 29.7+/-0.14 SD patient-student encounters. In total, 15/16 SPs (93.8%) considered the contact with students as easy and 4 SPs (31%) reported the experience as stressful. Two themes emerged from the free-text comments: "Gaining experience as SP" and "Concerns for evaluated students." The proposed SPs' training framework for high-stakes OSCE may be useful for other medical disciplines and health professions initiating SP-based assessment programs. The strategy of development and evaluation are outlined to guide a successful application of the curriculum standards.

Integral-algebraic equations with variable limits of integration. The case when the lower limit is at

The paper is devoted to the study and numerical solution of linear systems of integral equations with an identically singular matrix in the principal part (called integral-algebraic equations). The systems studied in the paper are fundamentally different from those previously studied in that the upper and lower limits of integration are variable. These systems of equations will be referred to as integral-algebraic equations with variable integration limits. The paper develops and justifies an algorithm for a numerical solution of the first order of accuracy and establishes conditions for the existence of a unique continuous solution to the given problem. There are numerical computations provided for model examples.

Elucidating the role of chemokines in inflammaging associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Age-related inflammation or inflammaging is a critical deciding factor of physiological homeostasis during aging. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are exquisitely associated with aging and inflammation and are one of the leading causes of high mortality in the elderly population. Inflammaging comprises dysregulation of crosstalk between the vascular and cardiac tissues that deteriorates the vasculature network leading to development of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic-associated CVDs in elderly populations. Leukocyte differentiation, migration and recruitment holds a crucial position in both inflammaging and atherosclerotic CVDs through relaying the activity of an intricate network of inflammation-associated protein-protein interactions. Among these interactions, small immunoproteins such as chemokines play a major role in the progression of inflammaging and atherosclerosis. Chemokines are actively involved in lymphocyte migration and severe inflammatory response at the site of injury. They relay their functions via chemokine-G protein-coupled receptors-glycosaminoglycan signaling axis and is a principal part for the detection of age-related atherosclerosis and related CVDs. This review focuses on highlighting the detailed intricacies of the effects of chemokine-receptor interaction and chemokine oligomerization on lymphocyte recruitment and its evident role in clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis and related CVDs. Further, the role of chemokine mediated signaling for formulating next-generation therapeutics against atherosclerosis has also been discussed.

On the Convergence of an Approximation Scheme of Fractional-Step Type, Associated to a Nonlinear Second-Order System with Coupled In-Homogeneous Dynamic Boundary Conditions

The paper concerns a nonlinear second-order system of coupled PDEs, having the principal part in divergence form and subject to in-homogeneous dynamic boundary conditions, for both θ(t,x) and φ(t,x). Two main topics are addressed here, as follows. First, under a certain hypothesis on the input data, f1, f2, w1, w2, α, ξ, θ0, α0, φ0, and ξ0, we prove the well-posedness of a solution θ,α,φ,ξ, which is θ(t,x),α(t,x)∈Wp1,2(Q)×Wp1,2(Σ), φ(t,x),ξ(t,x)∈Wν1,2(Q)×Wp1,2(Σ), ν=min{q,μ}. According to the new formulation of the problem, we extend the previous results, allowing the new mathematical model to be even more complete to describe the diversity of physical phenomena to which it can be applied: interface problems, image analysis, epidemics, etc. The main goal of the present paper is to develop an iterative scheme of fractional-step type in order to approximate the unique solution to the nonlinear second-order system. The convergence result is established for the new numerical method, and on the basis of this approach, a conceptual algorithm, alg-frac_sec-ord_u+varphi_dbc, is elaborated. The benefit brought by such a method consists of simplifying the computations so that the time required to approximate the solutions decreases significantly. Some conclusions are given as well as new research topics for the future.

Syntax, vocabulary, phraseology: Aspects of correlation and interaction

This article raises the issues of using an integrative approach with respect to the study of language units, the problems of interaction of syntax, vocabulary and phraseology, and their interpenetration and contact within the framework of the semantic structure of the language as a functioning system. We also consider syntactic units that are in the zone of abstract meanings that ensure the integrity and vital activity of the language. The diachronic aspect of the coverage of the questions posed contributed to the identification of two processes – grammaticalization and lexicalization, which stimulate mutual transitions and borderline positions between principal and auxiliary parts, predicative and nominative parts, mono and polysemantic parts, as well as stable and instable parts in the sentence. The syntactic phraseomodels, analyzed in the article, are frequent in the sphere of hypotaxis when expressing adversarial-concessional, temporal and causal relations. It is especially important that the language has the integrativity of abstract vocabulary and relational semantics, designed to cement and structure speech activity. The syntactic phraseomodels under consideration complicate relational semantics with modal or expressive meanings. The modal component is usually realized through the vocabulary of anthropocentric content, covering the entire spectrum of human speech-psychomental activity, it is represented by separate semantic fields and lexical-semantic groups. Within the framework of expressive contexts, as essential elements are the lexical content of pretexts and the presence of emotive components in their composition. In these phrases, one can see a cause-and-effect relationship between two propositions, the real and potential ones in the subordinate part, although such models often move into the sphere of intensity semantics and the zone of emotiveness. The syntactic phraseomodels under consideration and those of them that have acquired a stable appearance are prone to parceling, budding from the base part and functioning more autonomously in the text. Thus, semantic-syntactic relations interact with abstract vocabulary and have a certain range of emotional-evaluative and modal meanings.

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The aim of this paper is to prove the existence of generalized variational solutions for nonlinear Dirichlet problems driven by anisotropic and Finsler Laplacian competing operators. The main difficulty consists in the lack of ellipticity and monotonicity in the principal part of the equations. This difficulty is overcome by developing a Galerkin-type procedure.

On Some Problems for Partial Differential Equations with a Small Parameter in the Principal Part

On Some Problems for Partial Differential Equations with a Small Parameter in the Principal Part

Differential Equations in Banach Spaces with an Noninvertible Operator in the Principal Part and Nonclassical Initial Conditions

Differential Equations in Banach Spaces with an Noninvertible Operator in the Principal Part and Nonclassical Initial Conditions

Рыцарь печального образа. Пьеса М.А. Булгакова «Дон Кихот». Персонажи, актеры, современники о спектаклях

M.A. Bulgakov created his play Don Quixote, based on the novel by M. de Cervantes, by order of the Moscow Vakhtangov Theatre within a short period of time between finishing the novel The Master and Margarita and starting Batum, the play about I.V. Stalin. This article is devoted to two performances of M. Bulgakov’s Don Quixote staged at the Leningrad Pushkin Theatre (directed by V.P. Kozhich) and the Moscow Vakhtangov Theatre (directed by I.M. Rapoport). The author of the article compares the director’s concepts and interpretations of the principal parts of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza and analyses the critical reviews of contemporaries (A.K. Dzhivelegov, G.N. Boyadzhiev, N. Ya. Berkovsky, P.A. Markov, Yu. Yuzovsky) on the premieres. Of particular interest are the reviews of the Main Repertoire Committee members who were first to review the play, the discussion of the Moscow Vakhtangov Theatre performance which unfolded on the pages of The Vakhtangovets internal theatre newspaper, and the materials of the Vakhtangov Theatre artistic expert board meetings. The article highlights an appeal to the speeches of Stalin (in relation to his mention of the name of Don Quixote), examines and places in the historical and cultural context of the 1930s some later reviews on the premieres, which took place in the year of the 325th anniversary of Cervantes’ death, and reflections on the interpretations of the characters who were given a new life in M. Bulgakov’s play.

Mechanically Interlocked Polymers with Dense Mechanical Bonds.

ConspectusMechanically interlocked polymers (MIPs) such as polyrotaxanes and polycatenanes are polymer architectures that incorporate mechanical bonds, which represent a compelling frontier in polymer science. MIPs with cross-linked structures are known as mechanically interlocked networks (MINs) and are widely utilized in materials science. Leveraging the motion of mechanical bonds, MINs hold the potential for achieving a combination of robustness and dynamicity. Currently, the reported MINs predominantly consist of networks with discrete mechanical bonds as cross-linking points, exemplified by well-known slide-ring materials and rotaxane/catenane cross-linked polymers. The motion of these mechanically interlocked cross-linking points facilitates the redistribution of tension throughout the network, effectively preventing stress concentration and thereby enhancing material toughness. In these instances, the impact of mechanical bonds can be likened to the adage "small things can make a big difference", whereby a limited number of mechanical bonds substantially elevate the mechanical performance of conventional polymers. In addition to MINs cross-linked by mechanical bonds, there is another type of MIN in which their principal parts are polymer chains composed of dense mechanical bonds. Within these MINs, mechanical bonds generally serve as repeating units, and their unique properties stem from integrating and amplifying the function of a large amount of mechanical bonds. Consequently, MINs with dense mechanical bonds tend to reflect the intrinsic properties of mechanical interlocked polymers, making their exploration critical for a comprehensive understanding of MIPs. Nevertheless, investigations into MINs featuring dense mechanical bonds remain relatively scarce.This Account presents a comprehensive overview of our investigation and insights into MINs featuring dense mechanical bonds. First, we delve into the synthetic strategies employed to effectively prepare MINs with dense mechanical bonds, while critically evaluating their advantages and limitations. Through meticulous control of the core interlocking step, three distinct strategies have emerged: mechanical interlocking followed by polymerization, supramolecular polymerization followed by mechanical interlocking, and dynamic interlocking. Furthermore, we underscore the structure-property relationships of MINs with dense mechanical bonds. The macroscopic properties of MINs originate from integrating and amplifying countless microscopic motions of mechanical bonds, a phenomenon we define as an integration and amplification mechanism. Our investigation has revealed detailed motion characteristics of mechanical bonds in bulk mechanically interlocked materials, encompassing the quantification of motion activation energy, discrimination of varying motion distances, and elucidation of the recovery process. Additionally, we have elucidated their influence on the mechanical performance of the respective materials. Moreover, we have explored potential applications of MINs, leveraging their exceptional mechanical properties and dynamicity. These applications include enhancing the toughness of conventional polymers, engineering mechanically adaptive and multifunctional aerogels, and mitigating Li protrusion as interfacial layers in lithium-ion batteries. Finally, we offer our personal perspectives on the promises, opportunities, and key challenges in the future development of MINs with dense mechanical bonds, underscoring the potential for transformative advancements in this burgeoning field.

Peran Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Kedisiplinan Guru di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darunnajah 2 Cipining Bogor

The reason of this consider is to discover out how the principal's part contributes to progressing educator teach at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darunnajah 2 Cipining Bogor. and to discover out the part of the school foremost in moving forward instructor teach at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darunnajah 2 Cipining Bogor. The inquire about strategy utilized is graphic subjective with investigate disobedient utilized are meet guides, documentation, and information collection methods utilized incorporate interviews and documentation. subjective inquire about strategies. The center of this investigate is the part of the vital and instructor teach at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darunnajah 2 Cipining Bogor. The comes about of the ponder are that the part of the school central in expanding educator teach has been realized to work well since of the favors of the principal's direction and inspiration towards instructors additionally from the mindfulness of the instructor himself in carrying out the order and duty as an teacher who ought to be an case and part demonstrate for his understudies , This ponder utilized subjective inquire about strategies. The center of this inquire about is the part of the vital and educator teach at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darunnajah 2 Cipining Bogor.

Application of fat replacers in dairy products: A review

The consumption of fat raises the risk of coronary heart disease and a number of chronic diseases such as obesity. However, removing fat or reducing its level in the final product may give it undesirable properties since fat plays an important role in the quality of food, mainly its texture and flavor. Therefore, natural or artificial fat replacers are utilized in food formulations instead of natural fat. Fat mimics are based on carbohydrates, proteins, and/or lipids, with energy values of 0–38 kJ/g (0–9 kcal/g). 
 They mimic physical properties and sensory attributes of fat but have less energy and calories. Fat substitutes have physical and functional characteristics of conventional fat molecules which are directly replaced with synthetic molecules that provide no calories or structured lipid molecules. Dairy products represent a principal part of consumer diet all over the world. 
 Therefore, this review aimed to expound how fat replacers can be used to overcome the defects of fat absence or reduction in dairy products. It was reviewed different types and sources of fat replacers, both micro- and nanoparticulated, and highlighted their application in cheese, ice cream, frozen yogurt, fermented milk, and fatty dairy products. Some of the currently applied micro-particulated proteins include Simplesse® (whey protein), APV LeanCreme™, and Dairy-Lo® (micro-particulate protein + micro-particulate cellulose). 
 While whey protein has a great role in the dairy sector today, there is a need for further research in this field.