Principal Function Research Articles

Коммуникативно-функциональные характеристики церковно-религиозного послания православного христианского дискурса

<p>This scholarly article aims to investigate the communicative-functional characteristics of ecclesiastical-religious messages in the context of Orthodox Christian discourse. Utilizing methods from cognitive linguistics, sociolinguistics and discourse analysis, the study focuses on the messages delivered by Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia and his predecessor Alexy II. The research seeks to understand the underlying cognitive models shaping these messages and how they manifest at the linguistic level. The ultimate goal is to identify the principal communicative functions and roles that these messages fulfill within the ecclesiastical and social dialogue. This study is instrumental in offering a deeper comprehension of the mechanisms by which religious discourse influences sociocultural dynamics.</p>

Linking Adiposity to Interstitial Lung Disease: The Role of the Dysfunctional Adipocyte and Inflammation.

Adipose tissue has functions beyond its principal functions in energy storage, including endocrine and immune functions. When faced with a surplus of energy, the functions of adipose tissue expand by mechanisms that can be both adaptive and detrimental. These detrimental adipose tissue functions can alter normal hormonal signaling and promote local and systemic inflammation with wide-ranging consequences. Although the mechanisms by which adipose tissue triggers metabolic dysfunction and local inflammation have been well described, little is known about the relationship between adiposity and the pathogenesis of chronic lung conditions, such as interstitial lung disease (ILD). In this review, we detail the conditions and mechanisms by which adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional and relate this dysfunction to inflammatory changes observed in various forms of ILD. Finally, we review the existing basic and clinical science literature linking adiposity to ILD, highlighting the need for additional research on the mechanisms of adipocyte-mediated inflammation in ILD and its clinical implications.

Utopia against the welfare state: rethinking utopia in an age of reproductive crises

ABSTRACT This essay uses the work the easiness and the loneliness (2013) by the Danish author Asta Olivia Nordenhof to examine the relationship between utopian imaginings and representations of everyday life. It also attempts to develop an alternative to the American literary theorist Fredric Jameson’s influential theories on the form and function of utopian writing. The context for Jameson’s theory of utopia is a diagnosis of our present characterised by our inability to conceive of any alternative; for Jameson, the principal function of utopian writing is its capacity to open the future as a site of alterity. Arguing that the last decade has seen our historical moment theorised as one incapable of sustaining itself, rather than characterised by the impossibility of imagining the future, the essay uses, among others, the French philosopher Miguel Abensour to articulate how the connection between utopia and the everyday might foster a new and more timely understanding of utopia.

KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM TATA TERTIB BELAJAR SISWA

The Headmistress is one of the components of education that is influential in improving teacher performance. The success of school education is largely determined by the success of the principal in managing the educational staff available at school. This study generally aims to determine the principal's leadership in improving student learning discipline. This is in accordance with the regulations of the Minister of National Education where the principal is a teacher who is given additional duties as the principal of a school or madrasa to lead and manage a school or madrasa in an effort to improve student discipline. Managing a school or madrasah requires a professional leadership model and style. Implementation of school rules, factors that cause violations in the implementation of rules and regulations and school efforts to reduce the number of violations against the implementation of rules. The methodology of this research is to use literature review or library research, by collecting data from various sources, books, journals, and other analyses. The principal functions as a leader and manager in the school who has an important role in realizing the school's vision and mission.

Immunolocalization of activin and inhibin at different stages of follicular development in the lizard Sceloporus torquatus

The activins and inhibins are glycoproteins with a role in the follicular development of vertebrates, that are found in follicular fluid and somatic follicular cells, with a different pattern among taxa. The principal function of activin (Act) is to modulate the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) synthesis and secretion, whereas inhibin (Inh) downregulates it. Both factors are modulators of intraovarian follicular recruitment, oocyte maturation, cell proliferation, and steroidogenic activity. Our aim was to characterize the immunolocalization of Act and Inh in the ovarian follicles during the reproductive cycle of the lizard Sceloporus torquatus. Act was detected in the granulosa cells and oocyte cortex in the different stages of follicular development. On the other hand, we identified Inh in the oocyte cortex and the cytoplasm of pyriform and small cells of previtellogenic follicles. Also, we found immunoreactivity in the oocyte cortex, theca, and small cells of vitellogenic and preovulatory follicles. Our data provide evidence that Act and Inh have changes related to the stage of follicular development. This dynamic appears to be conserved among vertebrates and is fundamental to ensure an adequate follicular development in this specie.

Suggestions on extended producer responsibility mechanism in Vietnam from international experiences

Extended producer responsibility (EPR) serves as a policy instrument, ensuring that manufacturers and importers of specific products bear responsibility for their collection, recycling, and disposal once consumed, thereby alleviating the public financial burden of waste management whilst enhancing recycling rates. Registration, an integral component of EPR systems, denotes the identification of obliged manufacturers and importers, and the accumulation of sales data for products subject to EPR. The principal functions of the registry encompass: delineating manufacturers and importers with EPR obligations; reporting aggregated data; and overseeing the adherence of manufacturers and importers in executing their extended responsibilities. This paper encapsulates the experiences of several countries with respect to the organisation and administration of registration agencies for manufacturers and importers of packaging, proffering potential recommendations for Vietnam.

Robust joint modelling of sparsely observed paired functional data

AbstractA reduced‐rank mixed‐effects model is developed for robust modelling of sparsely observed paired functional data. In this model, the curves for each functional variable are summarized using a few functional principal components, and the association of the two functional variables is modelled through the association of the principal component scores. A multivariate‐scale mixture of normal distributions is used to model the principal component scores and the measurement errors in order to handle outlying observations and achieve robust inference. The mean functions and principal component functions are modelled using splines, and roughness penalties are applied to avoid overfitting. An EM algorithm is developed for computation of model fitting and prediction. A simulation study shows that the proposed method outperforms an existing method, which is not designed for robust estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through an application of fitting multiband light curves of Type Ia supernovae.

The Neglected Uterine NK Cells/Hamperl Cells/Endometrial Stromal Granular Cell, or K Cells: A Narrative Review from History through Histology and to Medical Education.

Reproductive immunology is at the forefront of research interests, aiming to better understand the mechanisms of immune regulation during gestation. The relationship between the immune system and the implanting embryo is profound because the embryo is semi-allogenic but not targeted by the maternal immune system, as expected in graft-versus-host reactions. The most prominent cell population at the maternal-fetal interface is the population of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells. Uterine NK cells are two-faced immunologically active cells, bearing comparison with Janus, the ancient Roman god of beginnings and endings. Their first face can be seen as natural killer cells, namely lymphocytes, which are critical for host defense against viruses and tumors. Even though uNK cells contain cytolytic molecules, their cytotoxic effect is not applied to classical target cells in vivo, playing a permissive rather than a defensive role. Their second face is crucial in maintaining physiological gestation-uNK cells show critical immunomodulatory functions with the potential to control embryo implantation and trophoblast invasion, regulate placental vascular remodeling, and promote embryonic/fetal growth. Therefore, we believe that their current designation "natural killer cells" (the first "cytotoxic" Janus's face) is misleading and inappropriate, considering their principal function is supporting and maintaining pregnancy. In this narrative review, we will focus on three lesser-known areas of knowledge about uNK cells. First, from the point of view of histology, we will comprehensively map the history of the discovery of these cells, as well as the current histological possibilities of their identification within the endometrium. To be brief, the discovery of uNK cells is generally attributed to Herwig Hamperl, one of the most influential and prominent representatives of German pathology in the 20th century, and his co-worker, Gisela Hellweg. Secondly, we will discuss the interesting aspect of terminology, since uNK cells are probably one of the human cells with the highest number of synonymous names, leading to significant discrepancies in their descriptions in scientific literature. From the first description of this cell type, they were referred to as endometrial granulocytes, granular endometrial stromal cells, or large granular lymphocytes until the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s of the last century, when the first publications appeared where the name "uterine NK cells" was used. The third area of present review is medical teaching of histology and clinical embryology. We can confirm that uNK cells are, in most textbooks, overlooked and almost forgotten cells despite their enormous importance. In the present narrative review, we summarize the lesser-known historical and terminological facts about uNK cells. We can state that within the textbooks of histology and embryology, this important cell population is still "overlooked and neglected" and is not given the same importance as in fields of clinical research and clinical practice.

Support for Sustainable Planning

: Intelligent energy management is getting increasingly important for the operation of industrial processes in a globalized world and this trend is expected to continue in the future. This article shows that energy management systems will also be increasingly important for sustainable investment planning such as building or extending a site or plant. Typical investment support methods range from simple spreadsheet-based tools to accurate but resource-intensive simulation studies. However, there is often a need to compare many alternative scenarios quickly to narrow the search space early. Hence, the expectation is not to achieve the level of accuracy of comprehensive studies. Instead, the task is to be as accurate as possible using the limited data available during preliminary frontend engineering and design (preFEED). To address this challenge, a framework was developed that provides more accurate investment decisions by integrating operational aspects in the planning phase. By this, a significant increase in accuracy can be achieved, while obtaining tangible recommendations within acceptabe time. We outline the principal functionality of this framework and share our insights by means of case studies in three different industrial application domains. Finally, we describe the faced challenges and share some lessons learned.

Principal Leadership in Building Quality Schools: A Case Study in Elementary School

SD IT An Nafirah Palembang has educational method was influenced by the leadership of the principal. Leadership from the principal placed more emphasis on developing students' character than on their grades. This study aimed to describe the leadership style used and the function of principals as leaders in the development of high-quality schools. Research of this kind was qualitative. Phenomenology was the research methodology employed. In addition to using secondary data—documents received from the school—research also employed primary data—interviews and observations. An interactive model analysis with source triangulation and procedures was employed to analyze the data. The study's findings were as follows: First, the leadership style used by the principals was democratic-monarchic. This was based on the framework that was used to determine policies and carry out cooperative decision-making processes. Second, the principal's function encompassed a variety of responsibilities that were fulfilled, including those of an educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, innovator, and highly effective motivator. The principal could serve as an illustration of how to perform their tasks. Therefore, it is important to correctly monitor and evaluate the leader's personality.

Generation of Rat Monoclonal Antibody for Human Nucleolin.

Nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional phosphoprotein that is mainly localized in the nucleolus, but it is also found in the nucleoplasm, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. The principal functions of NCL involve DNA and RNA metabolism, gene transcription and translation, ribosome biogenesis, and mRNA stability. It was also reported that the localization of human NCL (hNCL) is related to tumor malignancy. Therefore, analyzing the cellular dynamics of NCL could be useful. In this article, we describe rat monoclonal antibody (mAb) 6F9A6 that was generated against a hNCL peptide. This mAb recognizes endogenous human, monkey, dog, and mouse NCL and was shown to be useful in immunofluorescence staining, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting experiments in several cancer cell lines. We anticipate that the mAb 6F9A6 will be useful for functional analyses of hNCL in cancer cells.

THE EFFECT OF DENTAL IMPLANTS ON INCREASING THE COLONIZATION RATE OF AEROBIC BACTERIA IN THE ORAL CAVITY

Background and aims: Dental implants' principal function is to support artificial teeth. The physiological process by which bones firmly adhere to the surface of various ceramics and metals, such as titanium, is what leads to the emergence of modern dental implants, and there may be negative effects of these implants on the balance in the bacterial numbers in the mouth. Therefore, this study compared the colony forming unit (CFU) of oral bacteria from the buccal mucosa and buccal tongue between patients who had dental implants and healthy volunteers without dental implants. Methods: In this study, 36 people with dental implants and 36 people without dental implants were both included. Following serial dilutions were made and distributed on blood agar, samples were grown in Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI). When a single layer of bacteria developed on blood agar at any dilution level, CFU was estimated. Version 7 of Epi-info Statistics software was used to analyze the data. In each graph, the results were presented as mean standard error of the mean (SEM), and in the table, as mean and standard deviation (SD). Collected data were normally distributed and an independent T-test was used to compare different means of oral CFU bacteria between control and test groups of buccal mucosa and lingual mucosa. Results: For non-implant controls the values for buccal mucosa of bacterial counts were slightly lower than that of the implant patient’s buccal mucosa. There was a significant correlation between the increase of aerobic bacterial colonization of the tongue with the implants where the mean±SD was 196.8±12.9 CFU/ml greater than 183.4±9.1 CFU/ml for the normal controls; indicating the enhancement of the effect of the implant in the heavy colonization of bacteria in the oral cavity among implant patient group (p<0.0001). There was a significant association between ≥5 implants and heavy bacterial colonization of the oral cavity with the mean±SD being 214±13.9 CFU/mL vs. 192.85±4.44 CFU/mL for the two-implant composite patient; p=0.027. Additionally, there was a strong correlation between the duration of 13–24 months since implant placement and decreased bacterial colonization of the oral cavity with the mean±SD being 193.2±10.3 CFU/mL vs. 209.6±13.8 CFU/mL for ≤ 12 months; p=0.005. Conclusion: Patients with implants had greater lingual buccal tongue CFU readings than non-implant patients, suggesting that implants are more prone to plaque adhesion. Dental implants, particularly those associated with five implants or more and those recently placed, increased the amount of bacteria leading to heavily colonized of the oral cavity. Peer Review History: Received: 11 March 2023; Revised: 26 April; Accepted: 29 June 2023, Available online: 15 July 2023 Academic Editor: Dr. Iman Muhammad Higazy, National Research Center, Egypt, imane.higazy@hotmail.com Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Omnia Momtaz Al-Fakharany, Tanta, University, Eygpt, amina.elfakharany@pharm.tanta.edu.eg Dr. Mohaddese Mahboubi, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran, mahboubi@barijessence.com

Mini-review: Enteric glial cell heterogeneity: Is it all about the niche?

Enteric glial cells represent the enteric population of peripheral glia. According to their ‘glial’ nature, their principal function is to support enteric neurons in both structural and functional ways. Mounting evidence however demonstrates that enteric glial cells crucially contribute to the majority of enteric nervous system functions, thus acting as pivotal players in the maintenance of gut homeostasis. Various types of enteric glia are present within the gut wall, creating an intricate interaction network with other gastrointestinal cell types. Their distribution throughout the different layers of the gut wall translates in characteristic phenotypes that are tailored to the local tissue requirements of the digestive tract. This heterogeneity is assumed to be mirrored by functional specialization, but the extensive plasticity and versatility of enteric glial cells complicates a one on one phenotype/function definition. Moreover, the relative contribution of niche-specific signals versus lineage determinants for driving enteric glial heterogeneity is still uncertain. In this review we focus on the current understanding of phenotypic and functional enteric glial cell heterogeneity, from a microenvironmental and developmental perspective.

Bi-LS-AttM: A Bidirectional LSTM and Attention Mechanism Model for Improving Image Captioning

The discipline of automatic image captioning represents an integration of two pivotal branches of artificial intelligence, namely computer vision (CV) and natural language processing (NLP). The principal functionality of this technology lies in transmuting the extracted visual features into semantic information of a higher order. The bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) has garnered wide acceptance in executing image captioning tasks. Of late, scholarly attention has been focused on modifying suitable models for innovative and precise subtitle captions, although tuning the parameters of the model does not invariably yield optimal outcomes. Given this, the current research proposes a model that effectively employs the bidirectional LSTM and attention mechanism (Bi-LS-AttM) for image captioning endeavors. This model exploits the contextual comprehension from both anterior and posterior aspects of the input data, synergistically with the attention mechanism, thereby augmenting the precision of visual language interpretation. The distinctiveness of this research is embodied in its incorporation of Bi-LSTM and the attention mechanism to engender sentences that are both structurally innovative and accurately reflective of the image content. To enhance temporal efficiency and accuracy, this study substitutes convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with fast region-based convolutional networks (Fast RCNNs). Additionally, it refines the process of generation and evaluation of common space, thus fostering improved efficiency. Our model was tested for its performance on Flickr30k and MSCOCO datasets (80 object categories). Comparative analyses of performance metrics reveal that our model, leveraging the Bi-LS-AttM, surpasses unidirectional and Bi-LSTM models. When applied to caption generation and image-sentence retrieval tasks, our model manifests time economies of approximately 36.5% and 26.3% vis-a-vis the Bi-LSTM model and the deep Bi-LSTM model, respectively.

Targeting microRNA-145-mediated progressive phenotypes of early bladder cancer in a molecularly defined in vivo model

A progressive subclass of early-stage non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) frequently recurs and progress into invasive carcinoma, thus decreasing the overall survival rate of NMIBC. However, therapeutic development for progressive NMIBC has been challenging due to the lack of molecularly validated invivo models and agents targeting its genetic vulnerability. We herein molecularly characterized an interventional model of progressive NMIBC and revealed the principal functions and therapeutic potential of microRNA-145 (miR-145) in early bladder tumorigenesis. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine-induced premalignant lesions (BiPLs) in rats exhibited downregulated expression of miR-145 as well as highly similar mutation/expression profiles to those of the human progressive NMIBC subclass with the worst prognosis. The expression patterns of miR-145 inversely correlated with those of BC-related oncogenes in BiPLs. We also demonstrated that miR-145 dominantly regulated interferon pathways and c-Myc expression, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of progressive NMIBC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-145 replacement with a novel miR-145-based intravesical agent (miR-145S1) significantly inhibited the progression of BiPLs invivo. These results provide insights into the essential role of miR-145 as the earliest-acting oncogenic driver of bladder tumorigenesis as well as a validated interventional model and novel miR-145-based nucleic acid therapeutic agent for progressive NMIBC.

Permeability prediction of pervious concrete based on mix proportions and pore characteristics

Permeability is the principal function of pervious concrete, and establishing a permeability prediction model is a prerequisite for designing and optimizing permeability. However, most of the current permeability prediction models depend on porosity or pore characteristics, which are difficult to guide the design of pervious concrete. Therefore, this study investigated the permeability of pervious concrete with different cement-aggregate ratios and gradations of aggregates, and developed prediction models for permeability coefficients based on the mix proportion parameters and pore characteristics. The results show that the two-dimensional porosity obtained from image analysis is slightly larger than the connected porosity obtained from the volumetric method. The three pore characteristics obtained from image analysis include the two-dimensional porosity, the pore number, and the equivalent pore size, all of which correlate significantly with the cement-aggregate ratio. The permeability coefficients measured by the constant and falling head methods show significant correlations with the cement-aggregate ratio and the pore characteristics and insignificant correlations with the equivalent aggregate size. Binary and ternary permeability coefficients prediction models based on the cement-aggregate ratio and the equivalent aggregate size, as well as on the two-dimensional porosity, the pore number, and the equivalent pore size, are developed, respectively. The predicted permeability coefficients are in good agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the permeability of pervious concrete can be designed and predicted according to the prediction models.

The Influence of Principal Leadership on Teachers’ Performance in SMA Negeri at Kayuagung District

This study aimed to determine the influence of the principal's leadership on teachers’ performance in SMA Negeri at Kayuagung District. This research was conducted for five months, from May 2022 to September 2022. The research method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive method. The number of samples in this study was 120, which were taken through the probability sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires, documentation, and interviews. Data analysis was performed using regression analysis with the help of SPSS 22.00 for Windows. Based on the regression test results, the t-count value is 8,469 > the t-table price of 1,657, where the t-count price is greater than the t-table, so Ho1 is rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that the principal's leadership significantly influences teacher performance in SMA Negeri at Kayuagung District. This also shows that the principal's leadership has a major role in teacher performance and managing learning in schools. Based on the findings in this study, it is suggested that school principals strive to improve their competence so that the principal's leadership function can be carried out optimally and that it can encourage increased teacher performance in schools.

A NEW METHOD FOR PASSIVE ANKLE FOOT ORTHOSIS DESIGN – INTEGRATION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL AND FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION

AbstractMotor disorders are diseases affecting the muscle function of the human body. A frequently occurring motor disorder affects the lower leg muscles resulting in a pathological gait called foot drop. Patients have a higher risk of stumbling and falling. The most common treatment is the use of a passive ankle-foot-orthosis (AFO). However, the compensation of foot drop is only limited due to the non possible support of all rotational directions of the ankle joint. Therefore, a newly developed concept for a passive AFO is currently in work. To ensure a best possible treatment of the patient, the provided support by the AFO and required support by the patient have to be in accordance. Thus, in this contribution a method is presented that integrates model order reduced finite element analysis for computing the provided support of the AFO and musculoskeletal human models for representing the patients' gait behaviour. With the method, the design of the force generating structures of the AFO can be realized regarding the patients' requirements. The presented method is further evaluated with a specific use case. The main focus lies here in the principal functionality of the method and the provision of valid results.

Elliptic Weingarten hypersurfaces of Riemannian products

AbstractLet be either a simply connected space form or a rank‐one symmetric space of the noncompact type. We consider Weingarten hypersurfaces of , which are those whose principal curvatures and angle function satisfy a relation , being W a differentiable function which is symmetric with respect to . When on the positive cone of , a strictly convex Weingarten hypersurface determined by W is said to be elliptic. We show that, for a certain class of Weingarten functions W, there exist rotational strictly convex Weingarten hypersurfaces of which are either topological spheres or entire graphs over M. We establish a Jellett–Liebmann‐type theorem by showing that a compact, connected and elliptic Weingarten hypersurface of either or is a rotational embedded sphere. Other uniqueness results for complete elliptic Weingarten hypersurfaces of these ambient spaces are obtained. We also obtain existence results for constant scalar curvature hypersurfaces of and which are either rotational or invariant by translations (parabolic or hyperbolic). We apply our methods to give new proofs of the main results by Manfio and Tojeiro on the classification of constant sectional curvature hypersurfaces of and .

Minimum thresholds of key ecological attributes facilitate the tracking of mineland restoration

The restitution of biodiversity and ecosystem services to premining levels requires long time periods. This paper proposes quantifiable criteria to classify minelands as minimally restored compatible with (pluri)annual corporate budget cycles, reducing the probability of the need for future interventions. For that, we reviewed the scientific literature for key ecological attributes and outlined time frames necessary for compliance with these criteria based on iron mines from Brazil. For minimum restoration, principal soil functions should be initially reestablished and the vegetation cover should be dominated by native zoochoric and animal-pollinated plant species to guarantee connectivity with neighboring areas. Furthermore, areas should be free from the risk of future degradation, and minimum ecosystem functions such as photosynthesis, atmospheric nitrogen fixation, and litter formation should take place in these sites. In accordance with the available literature, we propose response ratios larger than 20% compared to restoration targets for all quantitative environmental indicators to qualify an area as minimally restored. Data from real-world cases show that these criteria can be met in iron minelands after short periods of restoration. Thus, the definition of interim results of the restoration process enables to cope with corporate budget cycles. However, further studies are necessary to outline how minimum restoration standards can be defined for further ores or tailings, and whether compliance with minimum restoration standards in fact promotes successional processes and further development toward restoration targets.