Primitive Way Research Articles

REVOLUSJPERADABAN: Dan Implikasinya pada Perkembangan Desain Bagi an Pertama - ( 1)

Abstract ·The first revo/u11on of mankmd civiltza11on was happened when primitive peoplechanged thetr way of lt(e from hunting wtld ammal to be a sheperd. The way of ltving has tomove from one place to another followmg the season. So the criteria of s'1elter must flexibleand could be easy to demoltsh and mstallmg agam. 1ust say like a tend Thi? second revolu11onwent on smce they able to seedmg cereals On this way of living. they have to settle In a fixed area. So that the history of arch/lecture development begm to be pineered

A Survey on Vision-based Dynamic Gesture Recognition

Gesture is the most primitive way of communication among human being. Today in the era of modern technology gesture recognition influences the world very diversely, from the physically challenged people to robot control to virtual reality environments. Compared to the systems which use extra devices (gloves, sensors), vision-based systems are more userfriendly and simple. Vision-based systems are easy to use, but most difficult to implement. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on the vision-based dynamic gesture recognition approaches, a comparative study on those methods, and find out the issues and challenges in this area.

Primitive forcible contraception in sub-Saharan Africa

A 33-year-old multiparous patient was admitted to our gynecology outpatient service with complaints of severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, malodorous vaginal discharge, difficulty in sexual intercourse and difficulty in urination for the last one month. Hereby, we aimed to show this creative, brutal and primitive way of contraception in a local tribe in the Darfur region of sub-Saharan Africa.

7. La universidad en la perspectiva de la interdisciplinariedad y transdisciplinariedad

El presente ensayo trata de poner de manifiesto un conjunto de reflexiones en torno al papel de la interdisciplinariedad y transdisciplinariedad en los procesos de generación de conocimientos que se desarrollan dentro de las universidades. Para lograr una exposición clara, se inicia con un breve relato en torno a la manera primitiva de como los seres humanos se interrelacionaron con el entorno, generando saberes ancestrales que fueron parte de la génesis de ulteriores conocimientos. Seguidamente, se desarrollan argumentos tendentes a poner en evidencia los elementos teóricos y discursivos de las perspectivas interdisciplinarias y transdisciplinarias en el interés de comprender la naturaleza y dinámica de las mismas, lo que permitió configurar un conjunto de aportes cuya pretensión está en servir para el debate y discusión de ideas puntuales cuyo norte se circunscribe el abrir la posibilidad de alcanzar un conocimiento total y no fragmentado.

Artificial Neural Networks and Human Brain: Survey of Improvement Possibilities of Learning

<p class="R-AbstractKeywords">There are numerous applications of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) at the present time and there are different learning algorithms, topologies, hybrid methods etc. It is strongly believed that ANN is built using human brain’s functioning principles but still ANN is very primitive and tricky way for real problem solving. In the recent years modern neurophysiology advanced to a big extent in understanding human brain functions and structure, however, there is a lack of this knowledge application to real ANN learning algorithms. Each learning algorithm and each network topology should be carefully developed to solve more or less complex problem in real life. One may say that almost each serious application requires its own network topology, algorithm and data pre-processing. This article presents a survey of several ways to improve ANN learning possibilities according to human brain structure and functioning, especially one example of this concept – neuroplasticity – automatic adaptation of ANN topology to problem domain.</p>

1P1-W08 弾性波を用いた人体間皮膚接触量計測

In this paper, we propose a method of human-to-human skin contact area measurement. Human-to-human skin contact is a primitive communication way to express intimacy, encouragement, etc. Additionally, skin contact is used for therapy of autism, mood disorder, etc. Its quantitative measurement and visualization would contribute for related researches in scientific, medical and physiological fields. Our proposed system utilizes bio-acoustic signals which propagate through bodies. When one wears a vibration device and another wears a vibration sensor device, the sensor captures bio-acoustic waves whose magnitude depends on how large area they touch. We describe design and fabrication of the devices. Then we report about our fundamental experiment and its positive results.

Area epidemiological research on hypertension risk factors of Keriyans in the Taklimakan Desert

The Keriyans live in the hot, arid areas of Taklimakan Desert and maintain a primitive way of life. They have a low incidence of hypertension. However, little is known about the adaptive compensation in the organism. In the present study, we explored the the traditional risk factors of hypertension in the Keriyans. We performed an epidemiological survey of Keriyans in a randomly selected natural population including 508 individuals aged 16 years or more, using the WHO MONICA scheme and 151 randomly selected age/gender-matched controls, Uighurs, from the nearest villagers to the Keriyans. The incidence of hypertension in the Keriyans was significantly lower than that in the controls(p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age, hyperglycemia and salt consumption as well as sodium intake in diet were associated with traditional hypertension risk factors. Correlation between water quality and hypertension showed that calcium was positively associated with the detection rate of hypertension. Age, hyperglycemia and salt consumption as well as sodium intake in diet were correlated with hypertension risk factors, which leads to the speculation that the water of the desert draught area which is characterized by low calcium and high magnesium levels might account for the low incidence of hypertension in Keriyans.

Primitive Peritoneal Hydatic Calcified Cyst —A Case Report

It is a cosmopolitan disease, due to the embryonic shape of taenia of the dog Ecchinococcosis granulosis. The peritoneal hydatidosis is the sowing of this serous in a primitive or secondary way. It can be caused by the massive break of a visceral hydatid cyst realizing the anaphylactic shock. Somewhere else, the discreet fissuring is the most usual realizing peritoneum cysts. So the peritoneal hydatidosis appears under polymorphic clinical painting according to the anatomical location of cysts. The disease puts a real problem of public health in our country. The primitive peritoneal localization is rare. We report a case of a primitive intra-peritoneal hydatid cyst.

Agroecossistemas de produção familiar da Amazônia e seus impactos nos atributos do solo

A ausência de restrições climáticas para a produção biológica é a principal característica do bioma Amazônia, o que não se traduz em elevadas produtividades por sucessivos anos de cultivos quando a floresta é substituída por agroecossistemas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do manejo do solo nos atributos químicos e físicos do solo pela agricultura familiar, conduzida de forma primitiva. As maneiras de uso avaliadas foram: sistema agroflorestal, pastagem cultivada, roça de toco e mata preservada (usada como referência), todas em Neossolo Quartzarênico. Monólitos de terra foram coletados nas camadas de 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 e 20-40 cm em dois anos agrícolas consecutivos (2010/2011 e 2011/2012) nos meses de julho e janeiro coletando-se sete repetições por sistema. Os atributos do solo avaliados foram: grau de floculação, agregados maior que 2 mm, matéria orgânica, acidez, bases trocáveis, teores de fósforo, saturação por bases, alumínio e capacidade de troca de cátions. Os resultados apontam que 22 anos após a conversão da floresta em agroecossistemas ainda é possível verificar melhores indicadores nos sistemas manejados.

Seven Lamps of Architectural Design

In the present, the contemporary model of the Design and Design Studio is constantly being tested and revised, before a rising heterodoxy of programs and methods. As a key, it is proposed the retrieval of John Ruskin’s essay “Seven Lamps of Architecture”. Written in 1849, the seven principles aimed to rescue, in an almost primitive way, Architecture as an Art that enlightens the remaining ones. It returns to the example of Venice’s medieval stones to go forward on the symbolic indefiniteness of the industrial age, alerted by Pugin (1836). Ruskin’s lamps would indicate the modern way for the “total artwork” by William Morris. With Morris, the Design would be a part of a single process from concept to work, anticipating Bauhaus’s Modern Design - the “gesamtkunstwerk”. From Ruskin, more than the title, we propose to emulate the diligent attitude in clarifying a context, that in the present times increasingly concerns the indefiniteness between Design and Research within the education of the architect. We risk the “Seven Lamps of Architectural Design”. Not absolute, nor ideological, the lamps of “memory”, “research”, “method”, “projection”, “knowledge”, “language” and “invention”, are considered invariants, yet critical, for the enlightenment of the role of research in the design process. What research, individual or collective, subjective or objective, phenomenological or scientific, does the Architectural Design want?

On UDP continuity over vertical handovers

Today’s mobile devices such as smart phones are equipped with multiple wireless access technologies, so multi-radio operation is becoming the norm. These devices frequently face vertical handover scenarios such as exiting Wi-Fi hotspot towards cellular network coverage. Unfortunately, the vertical handover execution is still done in a very primitive way even with middleware support, and the reality is that any active service at the time of handover is aborted or at least severely disrupted when it happens. In this paper, we explore how the transport layer can independently overcome the disruption caused by the vertical handover and obtain service continuity with or without underlying vertical mobility support infrastructures such as Media Independent Handover (MIH) or Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF). In particular, we focus on the case of User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and explore how to evolve it for vertical handover. In particular, we show that UDP can be enriched with options while keeping application transparency and enabling incremental deployment as is the case for Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). We implement the proof-of-concept prototype and demonstrate that it performs well under dynamic Cellular-WiFi vertical handover settings with off-the-shelf smart phones operating across commercial 3G cellular carriers and Internet Service Provider (ISP) networks. We also consider the ways to utilize the evolved UDP for other applications, as the addition of carrying options or in-band signaling capability opens a whole new horizon for the usability of UDP.

Plant physiology at the institute for philosophy in Brno in Mendel's teacher F. Diebl textbook from 1835

Gregor Mendel attended lectures of F. Diebl, professor of natural history and agricultural science at the Institute of Philosophy in Brno. Diebl published his lectures in a textbook “Abhandlungen über die allgemeine und besondere Naturgeschichte, Brünn 1835.” From the textbook the level of scientific knowledge in plant biology is obvious, with which the later founder of a new field of biology – genetics got acquainted. Diebl considered germination to be a specific method of fermentation transforming seed starch into a sugary matter which nourishes the germinating plant. In the physiology of nutrition he distinguished nutrition from the soil via roots from nutrition from the air via leaves. The former is based primarily on the humus theory of A. Thaer (1809) because not until 5 years after the publication of Diebl’s textbook J. Liebig initiated the mineral theory. Diebl’s presentation of photosynthesis was based on information available at that time about the release of oxygen by green plants under conditions of light and the uptake of CO2, but he had no knowledge about the passage of CO2 into the leaves through stomata. Remarkable is Diebl’s discovery that respiration increases during flowering. Electricity is considered to be a force significantly supporting the life processes of plants. Diebl also noticed the difference between diurnal and night evaporation of water from the leaves. In his textbook growth is connected with nutrition only, as it was the entire 19th century. Stem thickening from the cambium is described very simply. Bud and root regeneration is given the term reproduction which today is commonly used in relation to sexual reproduction. Diebl considered nyctinastic movements (bending or unbending of the leaves) and closing of the flowers at night to be “sleep”. He described fertilisation in a primitive way, because it was not until 1848 that the first exact description came out.

Heavy metals in the soil around the flotation tailing dump of the lead-zinc mine Grot mine, southeast Serbia

Tailing dump of the mine Grot mine with more than 5.5 million tons of floated material is the highest altitude dump in Serbia. Vegetation is not developed on it at all. The behavior of heavy metals in the flotation tailing dump has recently been analyzed in the literature. Mineralized dust is observed on the surrounding soil demonstrating its recent pollution. This land is tilled in a primitive way. The analysis of soil shows the presence of heavy metals of anthropogenic origin. The concentrations of these materials vary with the configuration of terrain and weather conditions. Lead is the most toxic of found heavy metals in soil.

Bone fractures as indicators of intentional violence in the eastern adriatic from the antique to the late medieval period (2nd–16th century AD)

To test the historically documented hypothesis of a general increase in deliberate violence in the eastern Adriatic from the antique (AN; 2nd-6th c.) through the early medieval (EM; 7th-11th c.) to the late-medieval period (LM; 12th-16th c.), an analysis of the frequency and patterning of bone trauma was conducted in three skeletal series from these time periods. A total of 1,125 adult skeletons-346 from the AN, 313 from the EM, and 466 from the LM series-were analyzed. To differentiate between intentional violence and accidental injuries, data for trauma frequencies were collected for the complete skeleton, individual long bones, and the craniofacial region as well as by type of injury (perimortem vs. antemortem). The results of our analyses show a significant temporal increase in total fracture frequencies when calculated by skeleton as well as of individuals exhibiting one skeletal indicator of deliberate violence (sharp force lesions, craniofacial injuries, "parry" fractures, or perimortem trauma). No significant temporal increases were, however, noted in the frequencies of craniofacial trauma, "parry" fractures, perimortem injuries, or of individuals exhibiting multiple skeletal indicators of intentional violence. Cumulatively, these data suggest that the temporal increase in total fracture frequencies recorded in the eastern Adriatic was caused by a combination of factors that included not only an increase of intentional violence but also a significant change in lifestyle that accompanied the transition from a relatively affluent AN urban lifestyle to a more primitive rural medieval way of life.

The Transcontextualization of Sustainable Development in a Mining Exploration Milieu: A Transect on the Alangan Mangyans

This study contends that although an array of factors may impinge on the evolution of the development perspective of indigenous peoples, the discourse of globalization orchestrated through mining exploration is a crucial force in reconstructing the concept of sustainable development. In broad stroke, the inquiry centers on the amphimixis of etic and emic perspectives of sustainable development, ancestral domain, and eco-spirituality as manifested in the mining exploration in Victoria, Mindoro Oriental, Philippines. Based on the ethnographic accounts gathered through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and observation, the study concludes that Alangan Mangyans have holistic concept of sustainable development. The interconnection between the concept of sustainable development, ancestral domain and eco-spirituality asserts that the development perspective of Alangan Mangyans has been a product of long experience and not merely a reflection of a primitive way of life. The transcontextualization of the aforesaid concepts has been orchestrated by the discourse of globalization manifested in the realm of mining exploration.

Psicose e Ética do Pensador na Clínica de Bion: Panorama dos Artigos dos Anos 50

In the 1950s, Wilfred Bion published articles dedicated to deepening and expanding Melanie Klein’s concepts on psychosis. Bion’s view of intrapsychic processes helped to elucidate the difficulties faced by psychotics in constituting and sustaining a subjective life linked to the awareness of internal and external realities. However, the understanding of these difficulties gained even greater theoretical and technical complexity when Bion began to explore the intersubjective potential of projective identification, which was taken as a means of communication and a primitive way of obtaining self-knowledge. This study shows the process through which Bion reached this understanding in a clinical experience and the importance of this process for treatment; it also outlines his ideas at that time regarding the significance of the external object and especially the analyst’s role in the process of subjectivation.

The inheritance of loss

This article aims to demonstrate that it is not only the mind that needs to have the capacity to hold and transform, but also the body. Fordham's concept of the ‘primary self’ emphasises the unity between the body and emotional states in infancy. The self is expressed through actions that bring the infant into contact with the mother and the environment. Through these interactions, the baby can know, in a primitive way, about the capacities and qualities of the mother. If there is a traumatic dislocation between the mother and the baby, the impact on the baby will be expressed predominately through the infant's body. If this is unresolved, the body will continue to manifest this distress throughout development. This article will discuss how the devastating experience of the death of an infant or child affects the maternal attachment to surviving children. In a consideration of quite different developmental periods, namely early infancy and older adolescence, there will be an exploration of how unresolved disturbances are expressed through the body. This will be illustrated using two clinical cases: one from parent–infant work with a depressed mother and her four-week-old baby who screamed for hours at a time; and the other from work undertaken with an older adolescent girl struggling with sexual abuse and bulimia. In both clinical examples, there had been significant deaths of siblings prior to the birth of identified patients.

Mineral resources of Costa Rica

The history of Costa Rica mining But enough of the past! This progressive operations reaches back into colonial times. Some country with its varied national wealth, which the of the largest gold mines have been worked in a Spaniards named “Costa Rica”, with good reason primitive way with success for several centuries, now arouses a lively interest in other countries. and the mineral treasures brought up to the light Distinguishing itself for a long time past from the of day by the old Spanish gold seekers are said other countries of Central America to its advan- to have been almost fabulous. One of the richest tage with its stable and responsible Government, gold mines called Tisingall, had to be abandoned this still scantily-populated republic offers oppor- because of the hostility of the native Indians ; tunities for investment of foreign capital equalled the mine itself was then completely destroyed by by few countries. It is abundant and diversified them, and the locality closes up by changing the mineral wealth, which is coming more and more course of the neighbouring streams. After quelling to the front, is already attracting the attention of the uprising it was impossible for the Spaniards to large capitalists today.

La Marguerite by William Morris Hunt

<i>La Marguerite</i> by William Morris Hunt

Expertomica metabolite profiling: getting more information from LC-MS using the stochastic systems approach

Mass spectrometers are sophisticated, fine instruments which are essential in a variety applications. However, the data they produce are usually interpreted in a rather primitive way, without considering the accuracy of this data and the potential errors in identifying peaks. Our new approach corrects this situation by dividing the LC-MS output into three components: (i) signature of the analyte, (ii) random noise and (iii) systemic noise. The systemic noise is related to the instrument and to the particular experiment; its characteristics change in time and depend on the analyzed substance. Working with these components allows us to quantify the probability of peak errors and, at the same time, to retrieve some peaks which get lost in the noise when using the existing methods. Our software tool, Expertomica metabolite profiling, automatically evaluates the given instrument, detects compounds and calculates the probability of individual peaks. It does not need any artificial user-defined parameters or thresholds. MATLAB scripts with a simple graphical user interface are free to download from http://sourceforge.net/projects/expertomica-eda/. The software reads data exported by most Thermo and Agilent spectrometers, and it can also read the more general JCAMP-DX ASCII format. Other formats will be supported on request, assuming that the user can provide representative data samples.