Female Primary School Students Research Articles

Role of Primary School in Promoting Media Education and English Language Skills for Students

The study aimed to identify the reality of the primary school’s role in promoting media education and thus imparting English language skills to students in Al-Ahsa Governorate, and to reveal whether there are statistically significant differences between the responses of the study sample regarding the reality of the school’s role according to type of work and years of experience. A mixed approach (quantitative and qualitative) was used. A questionnaire was applied to a stratified random sample of female school leaders (102) and teachers (619). Personal interviews were also conducted with 21 primary school teachers in Al-Ahsa Governorate. The most important results revealed that the reality of the role of primary schools in enhancing media literacy skills among primary school students was to a high degree, and that the role of primary school in enhancing media literacy skills in the emotional aspect came in first place, followed by enhancing the cognitive aspect, while enhancing the behavioral aspect in Third place. There were also differences between the averages of the study sample’s responses at the level of (0.01) according to the type of work for female school leaders. The media education at primary school has a role in providing female students with listening and speaking skills in English, and that listening to short sentences was ranked first among English listening skills, while speaking single words was ranked first among English speaking skills for female primary school students.

Effect of Educational Intervention on Reducing Mobile Phone Addiction: Application of Transtheoretical Model

Background: Mobile phone addiction (MPA) among students leads to significant psychological changes. Therefore, modifying mobile phone usage (MPU) patterns using behavioral change theories and models can be beneficial. The transtheoretical model (TTM) is commonly employed in the field of addictive behaviors. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of an intervention based on TTM on MPA in female primary school students. Methods: This experimental study included 72 students (36 participants in each group) randomly selected from girls' primary schools in Bushehr. The data collection tool comprised a questionnaire covering demographic factors, stage of changes, decisional balance (DC), self-efficacy (SE), excessive mobile phone use, and an MPA questionnaire. The training was conducted through motivational interview sessions: Two for participants in the preparation stage and three for those in the pre-contemplation and contemplation stages, utilizing the constructs of the TTM. After 3 months, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software with a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: The findings indicated similarities between the two groups before the study. Following the intervention, the training led to a significant increase in the mean score of SE and DC distribution count of excessive MPU (P = 0.013) and stage of change (P < 0.001) over time between the two groups. Mobile phone addiction significantly decreased in the intervention group three months after training (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Education based on TTM can effectively reduce MPA in students.

Female students’ learning momentum in the aftermath of the war: the case of upper primary schools of Habru Woreda, Ethiopia

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to examine how upper primary school female students motivated to learn in the aftermath of the Tigrian War. To do so, a case study design was used; 40 upper primary school female students, 40 teachers, 5 school principals, and a Woreda education office head were used as data sources by using snowball, purposive, and comprehensive sampling techniques respectively. Focused group discussions (FGD), interviews, and observation were employed as the study’s data collection methods. The collected data was then thematically analysed, and the results show that female students’ post-war learning involvement was ineffectual; the schools were not suitable for carrying out educational activities. To learn successfully, according to the findings, students require ongoing psychosocial training and financial assistance. As a result, damaged schools need to be rebuilt, students need a variety of psychosocial training, and both the federal and regional governments must ensure society and put a stop to the Tigrian junta’s ongoing fighting.

Effect of information-knowledge-attitude-practice theory-based health education on clonorchiasis control among community residents and primary school students in Zhongshan City

To evaluate the effect of information-knowledge-attitude-practice (IKAP) theory-based health education interventions on clonorchiasis control among community residents and primary school students in Torch High-tech Development Zone of Zhongshan City, so as to provide insights into formulation of clonorchiasis control strategies among different types of populations. Residents were randomly sampled from two communities and students from two primary schools using a random cluster sampling method in Torch High-tech Development Zone, Zhongshan City from 2019 to 2021, and health education pertaining to clonorchiasis control was performed based on the IKAP theory. The changes in the awareness of basic clonorchiasis control knowledge and belief, self-reported risk of Clonorchis sinensis infections and dietary behaviors were compared among community residents and primary school students before and after health education interventions. The participants included 146 male and 151 female community residents and 158 male and 153 female primary school students, with no significant difference detected in gender distribution (χ2 = 0.16, P > 0.05). The mean awareness of basic clonorchiasis control knowledge increased by 44.71% and 43.28% among primary school students and community residents 6 months following health education, and there were significant differences in the awareness of each item of basic clonorchiasis control knowledge before and after health education (χ2 = 41.53 to 284.44, all P values < 0.05). The proportions of primary school students and community residents thinking very high and high risks of C. sinensis infections increased from 9.35% and 6.71% before health education to 22.15% and 37.75% after health education, but only the difference of the attitudes in community residents achieve statistical significance (χ2 = 92.18, P < 0.05). The frequency of separation of raw and cooked foods with chopping board and knife significantly increased among community residents and primary school students following health education (χ2 = 16.04 to 62.65, all P values < 0.05). The frequency of eating raw freshwater fish (χ2 = 32.85, P < 0.05), fish congee (χ2 = 7.02, P < 0.05) and fish fillet hot pot (χ2 = 4.88, P < 0.05) significantly reduced among primary school students following health education, while only the frequency and proportions of eating raw freshwater fish have significantly reduced in community residents (χ2 = 11.77, P < 0.05). Health education interventions based on the IKAP theory are effective to increase the awareness of clonorchiasis control knowledge and improve dietary behaviors associated with C. sinensis infections among community residents and primary school students in Zhongshan City.

Type of recess and its influence on girls physical activity levels

The purpose in this study is to describe the physical activity levels (PA) in primary school female students during four different types of recess: free, with sports equipment, with organized games and with music. Sample consisted of 20 girls (10.6 ± 0.70 mean age) from a Primary Education School in Region of Murcia (Spain). The data collection ocurred during 32 recesses. 8 sessions of each type of recess were observed and analyzed with the iSOPARC app, which structures the activity in three levels: sedentary, walking and vigorous. Results show medium-low levels of PA during breaks, being the free type the ones that reach the highest sedentary level values (39.79 ± 5.38%) while the organized ones obtain the lowest sedentary value (6.89 ± 2.56%). Regarding the vigorous level, the breaks in which music was used are the ones with the highest percentage (51.36 ± 12.55%). After applying the Mann Whitney U statistic, it is shown how the type of recess exerted a significant influence on the results (p = 0.000) in all cases. Conclusions. The recesses in which music is used, activities and games were planned and sports equipment are used achieve higher PA values at a vigorous level and less sedentary lifestyle. Keywords: physical education, MVPA, physical activity, recess.

The impact of a complex school nutrition intervention on double burden of malnutrition among Thai primary school children: a 2-year quasi-experiment

ObjectiveThis study assessed the impacts of the Dekthai Kamsai programme on overweight/obesity, underweight and stunting among male and female primary school students. Study designA quasi-experiment was conducted in 16 intervention and 19 control schools across Thailand in 2018 and 2019. In total, 896 treated and 1779 control students from grades 1 to 3 were recruited. In intervention schools, a set of multifaceted intervention components were added into school routine practices. Anthropometric outcomes were measured at baseline and at the beginning and end of every school term. MethodsPropensity score matching with linear and Poisson difference-in-difference analyses were used to adjust for the non-randomisation and to analyse the intervention's effects over time. ResultsCompared with controls, the increases in mean BMI-for-age Z-score (BAZ) and the incidence rate of overweight/obesity were lower in the intervention schools at the 3rd, 4th and 8th measurements and the 3rd measurement, respectively. The decrease in mean height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) was lower at the 4th measurement. The decrease in the incidence rate of wasting was lower at the 5th, 7th and 8th measurements. The favourable impacts on BAZ and HAZ were found in both sexes, while the favourable impact on overweight/obesity and unfavourable impact on wasting were found in girls. ConclusionsThis intervention might be effective in reducing BAZ, overweight/obesity, poor height gain, but not wasting. These findings highlight the benefits of a multifaceted school nutrition intervention and a need to incorporate tailor-made interventions for wasting to comprehensively address the double burden of malnutrition.

Exploring Primary School Mathematics Teachers' Strategies for Enhancing Students' Mathematical Writing Skills

This study aimed to determine female mathematics teachers’ level of performance in employing the teaching practices necessary to develop mathematical writing among female primary school students. It used the descriptive survey approach and collected data through observation. The study sample comprised 48 female teachers. The study generated several interesting results, most notably that the mathematics teachers’ level of performance was average, with overall means of 1.92–3, and there were statistically significant differences at the level of ? &lt; .05 in the level of teaching practices employed attributable to teaching experience in favor of the group with fewer than 10 years’ experience. Based on these results, the study makes several recommendations. Primarily, it proposes that training programs for in-service female mathematics teachers should be strengthened, ensuring they cover the teaching practices necessary to develop mathematical writing skills.&#x0D; &#x0D; Received: 10 May 2023 / Accepted: 22 June 2023 / Published: 5 July 2023

Language Learning Strategies Employed by Urban Primary School Female Students in Enhancing Listening and Speaking Skills

Language Learning Strategies Employed by Urban Primary School Female Students in Enhancing Listening and Speaking Skills

Strength Motor Quality: Trends and Differences by Gender and Age among Urban Primary School Students

This study aimed to assess whether gender and age influenced differences in some strength indices in female and male primary school students. A total of 105 primary school students were sampled, 46 girls and 59 boys. The muscle regions on which the tests were applied were: the lumbar region, lower limbs, upper limbs, and abdominal region. The tests performed on the subjects were in accordance with age-specific motor characteristics and the current school curriculum, they were as follows: torso raises from dorsal decubitus and torso raises from facial decubitus, squats, and push-ups. A significant difference was identified in the Push Up and Squats samples.

Effects of Sociocultural Practices Contributing to Inhibiting Female Students from Completing Primary Education: A Case of Mkalama District – Singida – Tanzania

The study aimed at finding out the effects of sociocultural practices contributing to inhibiting female students from completing primary education. Descriptive survey research design and mixed method approach were employed. The sample comprised of 15 female primary school students, 8 head teachers 3 Ward Executive Officers (WEOs), 3 community traditional leaders and 1 District Educational Officer (DEO) (primary). Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The study came out with the following findings, some sociocultural practices leads to: hopeless and isolated female students at school, prepares girls for marital responsibilities than education, some girls fail to deliver their academic abilities. The study recommended that, parents and guardians need to be the centers of changes and valuing education to females as they value males, nevertheless strict laws which are protecting educational rights to all children should be observed so that no barrier to education is caused by the social cultural practices.

The Effect of Social Skills Training by Teacher on Mental Health of Female Primary School Students

Background: Social skills play an important role in children’s emotional health and well-being. Therefore, Social Skills Training (SST) of children is very important. Objective This study was to determine the effect of SST by teacher on mental health of female primary school students. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design conducted on 24 female primary school students (third grade) in Rasht, Iran in 2017-2018. Their parents and teachers completed questionnaires before and after SST intervention. The sessions were held during the school year. For SST of students, intervention was provided to their teacher who was in daily contact with them. Methods of cognitive behavioral skills and positive reinforcement were used for SST. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) were used to assess mental health and social skills, respectively. Data were analyzed using statistical tests including Wilcoxon test and paired t-test in SPSS V.21 software. Results: The mean total score of MESSY decreased significantly from 225.54±13.65 to 219.12± 18.59 after the intervention (P=0.033). Among the subscales of SDQ, the mean of hyperactivity-attention deficit decreased only from 3.95±2.49 to 2.62±1.55 after the intervention, which was significant (P=0.020). Conclusion: The SST of female primary school students by the teacher do not lead to significant changes in their social skills and mental health.

The effect of teaching Islamic education using adaptive learning on developing metacognitive thinking skills for primary school students in Makkah

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على أثر تدريس التربية الإسلامية باستخدام التعلم التكيفي في تنمية مهارات التفكير فوق المعرفي لدى طالبات المرحلة الابتدائية بمكة المكرمة، ولتحقيق ذلك تم إعداد مقياس مهارات التفكير فوق المعرفي من إعداد الباحثة، وتم التأكد من صدق وثبات الأدوات، وتم إعداد دروس مبحث الفقه من مقرر التربيةللصف السادس الابتدائي باستخدام التعلم التكيفي، واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي لتطبيق الدراسة فشملت عينة الدراسة (50) طالبة كمجموعة تجريبية درست باستخدام التعلم التكيفي، (50) طالبة كمجموعة ضابطة درست بالطريقة التقليدية عبر منصة مدرستي، وتم تطبيق أدوات الدراسة تطبيقاً قبلياً للتحقق من تكافؤ المجموعتين ثم تم تدريس دروس الوحدات باستخدام التعلم التكيفي على المجموعة التجريبية، ثم تم تطبيق الأدوات تطبيقاً بعدياً على المجموعتين، واستخدمت الدراسة البرنامج الإحصائيT-Test، SPSS لتحليل النتائج ثم تفسيرها، وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى ما يلي: توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى 0.05 بين متوسطي درجات الطالبات بالمجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في التطبيق البعدي لمقياس مهارات التفكير فوق المعرفي ككل، وكذلك في مهاراته الفرعية (مهارة تنظيم المعرفة - مهارة معرفة المعرفة - مهارة معالجة المعرفة) لصالح المجموعة التجريبية.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its relation to aggressive behavior among primary school students of both genders in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

The current study aimed to examine the correlation type between attention deficit hyperactivity disorders among primary school students of both genders in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It also sought to make comparisons between the male and female primary school students regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and aggressive behavior. Further, the present study examined ADHD in children and its relationship to a number of other potentially related variables. The sample of the study consisted of 200 primary school students of both genders whose ages ranged between 9 to 13 years. To achieve the objectives of the study, it relied on the descriptive (correlative/comparative) method, especially the Pearson correlation coefficient and the T-test. The findings of the study show that there were more male children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and aggressive behavior than female students. The results of the study confirm the results of other studies. The study recommends that there is a need for early detection of children with developmental and emotional disorders (like children with ADHD). The results of the present study are also consistent with the findings of previous studies that indicated that attention disorder associated with hyperactivity is positively associated with aggressive behavior in children of both sexes. It also proposes to prepare and arrange guidance programs for them and their parents and strive towards achieving optimal treatment of such children in the school environment.

Prevalence of Head Lice Infestation and its Associated Factors Among Female Primary School Students in Ghahavand County and Compared with the Previous Studies

Background and Objectives: Despite the progress of communities’ health, head lice (Pediculus capitis) infestation remains a major health problem. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of head lice infestation and its associated factors among female primary school students in Ghahavand County and compare with the previous studies. Methods: The students were cross-sectionally examined and pediculosis infected students were identified. The student demographic information was collected and recorded. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test of SPSS software. Significance level was considered P&lt;0.05. Results: Among 499 students participating in the study, 89 students (17.8%) had pediculosis. There was a significant difference between student pediculosis prevalence in terms of parents’ educational level, previous infestation history, parental assistance in health affairs, number of household members, and condition, type and length of students’ hair (P&lt;0.05) But there was not a significant difference between student pediculosis prevalence in terms of student educational level, father’s employment, weekly bathing, and the use of personal brush (P&gt;0.05). The results compared with the previous studies. Conclusion: Head lice infestation is relatively high in students that depends on factors such as parent educational levels, previous infestation history, parental assistance in health care, number of household members, and the condition, type and length of the students’ hair. It is recommended to treat the pediculosis infected students along with attention to the instructions and training of parents and school health instructors.

Comparison of the effect of cognitive-balance rehabilitation with Orton-Davis integrated method in the form of distance education on the overall performance of reading and understanding words and text comprehension of dyslexic children.

Background and Aim: reading is the most important acquired skill and the most basic learning tool for students, and acquiring this skill is one of the main goals of primary education in every country. This research aims to compare of the effect of cognitive-balance rehabilitation with Orton-Davis integrated method in the form of distance education on the overall performance of reading and word comprehension and text comprehension of dyslexic children. Methods: The research method in this study was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all dyslexic male and female primary school students who attended learning disorders centers in Tehran in 2019-20. To measure the dependent variable of the study, the Nema reading and dyslexia test (Karami Nouri and Moradi, 2014) was used. In this research, two educational interventions of the integrated Orton-Davis method, which is one of the multi-sensory methods and includes tasks based on directional games, were designed and formulated by Atchershawi (2019), to improve reading skills and reduce dyslexia, and Bar-on cognitive-balance rehabilitation. Which have been used in the form of an educational package and include assignments focusing on strengthening executive functions and rescue attention (2016). Results: The results showed that cognitive-balance rehabilitation with the integrated Orton-Davis method in the form of distance education on overall reading performance (P&lt;0.001) and word comprehension (P&lt;0.001) and text comprehension (P&lt;0.001) was effective in dyslexic children. Conclusion: It can be concluded that both the cognitive-balance rehabilitation training and the integrated Orton-Davis method in the form of distance education have an effect on the overall performance of reading and understanding words and text comprehension of dyslexic children and And it can be used to reduce the problems of dyslexic children.

Evaluation of a Potential Association between Head Lice (Pediculus capitis) Infestation and Anemia among Female Primary School Students in Holy Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Aims: This study aimed to determine if there was an association between head lice infestation and anemia among female primary schools students.&#x0D; Study Design: Case-control study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Holy Makkah, Saudi Arabia between August 2020 and November 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: We conducted a case-control study by comparing hemoglobin levels among study subjects with and without head lice infestation. Female students at 6 randomly selected primary schools were examined for the presence of head lice. Hemoglobin levels were obtained from each study subject; both those with and without head lice. Selected characteristics of study subjects were recorded and examined to determine associations between those factors and anemia.&#x0D; Results: A total of 82 subjects were included in the study; 44 subjects with head lice. The average (± standard deviation) age of subjects was 11 (± 2) (range: 6-11) years. We found a significant (p&lt;0.028) association between the presence of head lice and hemoglobin level, the OR= 2.036 at 95% confidence interval 0.23 to 18.009. The mean of hemoglobin in subjects with lice was 13(±2) while the level in subjects without lice was 14.8(±2). Other factors significantly associated with the level of hemoglobin were being aged 10-11 years (p&lt;0.05) and having a non-working mother (p&lt;0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: In our study we found a significant association between head lice and level of hemoglobin among study subjects. Further studies are needed to determine the reason of this association in order to determine the appropriate management and prevention of this problem.

Practice and Associated Factors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Primary School Students in Minjar-Shenkora District, North Shoa Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2020.

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus infection, a causative factor for cervical cancer, remains a topic of great interest. About 80% of sexually active women are at risk of acquiring HPV infection while having a 70% global target to eliminate intensive cervical cancer.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the practice of human papillomavirus vaccination and associated factors among primary school female students in Minjar-Shenkora district, 2020.MethodsA school-based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to 30 2020, in primary school female students of Minjar-Shenkora district, North Shoa zone, Ethiopia. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Associations between dependent and independent variables tested in binary and multiple logistic regression and variables with p-value ≤0.25 were entered into multiple logistic regression with considered significant level of P-value ≤0.05 and at 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 591 students participated in the study with a response rate of 96.3%. Of the total, 393 (66.5%) (CI 0.63–0.7) participants have been vaccinated for HPV. The factors associated with the practice of vaccination were; being knowledgeable about HPV vaccination (AOR, 8.65, CI=5.2–14.3) and a positive attitude towards HPV vaccination (AOR, 1.85, CI=1.18–3). Students in rural areas were 88% less likely to practice HPV vaccine than students in urban areas (AOR, 0.12, CI=0.07 0.21).Conclusion and RecommendationOverall, HPV vaccination practice was relatively good (66.5%). Knowledge on HPV vaccination, positive attitude towards HPV vaccination, and being a rural residence were associated with HPV vaccination practice. Families, health-care workers, and schools should work together to improve the knowledge and attitude of the community towards HPV vaccination.

The effect of an enrichment unit on climate change awareness and basic science process skills among gifted female primary school students

This study investigated how introducing climate change-themed lessons into the curriculum of gifted primary school females in Bahrain affected Climate Change Awareness and Basic Science Process Skills. Students included Students included 40 gifted sixth grade females divided into two groups: a 20-student experimental group and a 20-student control group. Basic Science Process Skills Activities and Climate Change Awareness Scale were used as the pre- and post-test to measure the science skills and climate change awareness among both groups. The experimental group received the enrichment unit. The Mann-Whitney &amp; Wilcoxon tests showed that Significant differences emerged between experimental and control groups on the climate change awareness scale, but not in the behavioral domain of the scale. Possible explanations are included.

Foreign language anxiety and achievement: A study of primary school students learning English in China

The present study sought to understand the nature and level of foreign language (FL) anxiety among primary school students and the relationship between FL anxiety and FL achievement. Changes in FL anxiety across groups of three primary school years were also examined. A total of 631 (324 male, 307 female) primary school students aged 9–11 years completed the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) that measured students’ FL anxiety. Our participants’ FL achievements as measured by low-stakes regular assessments and high-stakes formal examinations were also collected. On average, primary school students reported levels of FL anxiety comparable to those of adults observed in previous studies. Factor analysis on FLCAS generated four components of FL anxiety: communication apprehension, fear of negative evaluation, test anxiety and negative attitude towards classroom. Correlation analyses showed that students’ FL anxiety was inversely correlated with their FL achievements. The correlation was stronger for formal examinations with higher stakes as compared to regular assessments with lower stakes. Finally, the correlation strengthened as a function of higher instructional level. Results are discussed in relation to previous research. Implications to FL education are also considered.

Family Factors Affecting Adolescent Violence: A Qualitative Content Analysis

Background: Family and parents’ supervision and performance affect the proper socialization process of adolescents and their behavioral development. Therefore, this qualitative study was conducted to examine the family factors affecting violence in adolescents. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using the conventional qualitative content analysis method in 2017 in Roodsar. Data saturation was obtained with 50 individuals using 4 questions. The data were collected using in-depth interviews with purposive sampling among female primary and secondary school students as the main participants of the study and their teachers and family as contributors. All interviews were recorded and then typed. Data analysis was done continuously and simultaneously by collecting data using Lundman and Graneheimm constant comparative method. Results: Data analysis was conducted using the conventional qualitative analysis method resulted in the extraction of 357 primary codes, 21 sub-sub-categories, 4 sub-categories, and one main category. At the end of this stage, the family factors affecting the violence of adolescents in the whole family provided insecurity to the adolescents, and an insecure family was defined according to the findings as follows: "a broken family with incorrect parenting practices and open borders that provide an insecure environment for the student and lead to violent behavior in adolescent". Conclusions: According to the results of this study family factors are related to adolescent violence. Regarding the independence of adolescents at this age and the role of other socializing formal and informal institutions that affect adolescent behavior, the strong and influential role of the family on adolescent behavior is quite obvious.