Primary Location Research Articles

Photosynthetic variation and detoxification strategies based on cadmium uptake, non-protein thiols, and secondary metabolites in Miscanthus sacchariflorus under cadmium exposure.

Miscanthus sacchariflorus is previously demonstrated to be a potential candidate for remediation of cadmium (Cd) pollution. To explore its resistance strategy to Cd, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to determine the variations of photosynthetic activity in leaves and physiological response in roots of this plant. Results showed that the root of M. sacchariflorus was the primary location for Cd accumulation. The bioconcentration factor in the roots and rhizomes was >1, and the translocation factor from underground to aboveground was <1. Throughout the experimental period, treatment with 0.06 mM Cd2+ did not significantly alter the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, or carotenoid. By contrast, treatment with 0.15 and 0.30 mM Cd2+ decreased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid; caused the deformation of the chlorophyll fluorescence transient curve; reduced the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II; and increased the contents of non-protein thiols, total flavone, and total phenol. These results indicate that M. sacchariflorus has good adaptability to 0.06 mM Cd2+. Moreover, the accumulation of the non-protein thiols, total flavone, and total phenol in roots may promote the chelation of Cd2+, thus alleviating Cd toxicity. This study provides theoretical support for using M. sacchariflorus to remediate Cd-polluted wetlands.

No matter the age, gender or social status: the consumption of fish in the Pantanal comes from the river

The consumption of fish meat in Brazil is low compared do beef, pork and poultry. To charactetrize the profile of fish consumption in the city of Cáceres-MT, we interviewed 269 people using a questionnaire through Google Forms® platform, to identify the main determinants for the population’s acquisition of fish meat. Based on the frequency of consunmption, we found that the respondents include fish in their diet in 1-3 meals/month. The main place of purchase was fish markets and the primary location of consumption was at home, with pacu being the preferred choice of the interviewed group. The majority of respondents cited price as the reason for not consuming or consuming less fish. Therefore, it was observed that fish is an important source of food with great potential for inclusion in the diet of the residents of Cáceres. Moreover, the majority of the fish consumed come from the river, showing the importance of the fisheries to the local population. This can serve to strengthen the need for certain strategies to improve fish consumption, such as those in Cáceres-MT, which defend initiatives related to the maintenance of fishing and the possibility of maintaining a centuries-old culture of food and fishing

Decreasing circ_0014614 promotes the differentiation of bone marrow flineage cells into megakaryocytes in essential thrombocythemia via activiation of miR-138-5p/caspase3 axis

BackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNA) are pivotal in hematological diseases. Previous study showed that circ_0014614 (circDAP3) was significantly underexpressed in bone marrow–derived exosomes from essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients, affecting the differentiation of bone marrow lineage cells into megakaryocytes. MethodsFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to display circ_0014614's primary cytoplasmic location in K562 cells. Cytoscape software was used to predict the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks, and their expression at the cellular level was detected by Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). qRT-PCR was utilized to detect the expression levels of circ_0014614，miR-138-5p and caspase3 mRNA. Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of GATA-1, RUNX-1, NF-E2, CD41 and caspase3. The proliferation of K562 cells was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) Assay. Furthermore, the interplay between miR-138-5p and circ_0014614 or caspase3 was elucidated through a Dual-luciferase reporter assay. ResultsFISH assay indicated circ_0014614's primary cytoplasmic location in K562 cells. In ET bone marrow and K562 cells, circ_0014614 and caspase3 were down-regulated, whereas miR-138-5p saw a significant surge. Overexpressing circ_0014614 curtailed K562 cells' proliferation and differentiation. Further, circ_0014614 targeted miR-138-5p, with heightened miR-138-5p levels counteracting circ_0014614's inhibition. MiR-138-5p further targeted caspase3, and caspase3 silencing neutralized suppressed miR-138-5p's effects on K562 cell differentiation. ConclusionCirc_0014614 was down-regulated in ET bone marrow and bone marrow lineage cells, and upregulating circ_0014614 can inhibit bone marrow lineage cells' proliferation and differentiation into megakaryocytes. Mechanistically, circ_0014614 functioned as ceRNA via sponging miR-138-5p and alleviated the inhibitory effect of miR-138-5p on its target caspase3, which potentially deters tumor activity in ET.

Epidemiology and primary location of melanoma in Asian patients: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end result–based study

Epidemiology and primary location of melanoma in Asian patients: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end result–based study

Memorability shapes perceived time (and vice versa).

Visual stimuli are known to vary in their perceived duration. Some visual stimuli are also known to linger for longer in memory. Yet, whether these two features of visual processing are linked is unknown. Despite early assumptions that time is an extracted or higher-order feature of perception, more recent work over the past two decades has demonstrated that timing may be instantiated within sensory modality circuits. A primary location for many of these studies is the visual system, where duration-sensitive responses have been demonstrated. Furthermore, visual stimulus features have been observed to shift perceived duration. These findings suggest that visual circuits mediate or construct perceived time. Here we present evidence across a series of experiments that perceived time is affected by the image properties of scene size, clutter and memorability. More specifically, we observe that scene size and memorability dilate time, whereas clutter contracts it. Furthermore, the durations of more memorable images are also perceived more precisely. Conversely, the longer the perceived duration of an image, the more memorable it is. To explain these findings, we applied a recurrent convolutional neural network model of the ventral visual system, in which images are progressively processed over time. We find that more memorable images are processed faster, and that this increase in processing speed predicts both the lengthening and the increased precision of perceived durations. These findings provide evidence for a link between image features, time perception and memory that can be further explored with models of visual processing.

An analysis of apartment listings in best destinations on an OTA: Thailand versus Japan

PurposeThe sharing economy enables apartment owners to generate income from their assets. “Agoda Homes” is an online travel agent (OTA) that directly competes with Airbnb. A destination has to discover its competitiveness, but few studies have provided an overview of accommodation attributes in each destination, which are crucial to shaping its brand image. This paper aims to illustrate firm-generated content or attributes that apartment owners list about their properties on an OTA platform to comprehend factual information about apartments in each destination with various star ratings and user ratings and to formulate a research model for future studies.Design/methodology/approachInformational content and accommodation attributes for apartments are automatically collected using a Web scraping tool (the Data Miner). Descriptive statistics and text analysis (word cloud and word frequency) are used to analyze data.FindingsFindings reveal the primary location, facilities, cleanliness and safety attributes for all apartments in each destination, along with star ratings and user ratings. A research framework for scholars is also suggested. Guidelines for stakeholders in the tourism industry are additionally furnished.Originality/valueThis work concentrates on apartments, which have received less attention in the tourism literature. The study gathers factual data from a website to mitigate respondent bias issues inherent in the traditional survey methods.

Melanoma of the dog and cat: consensus and guidelines.

Melanoma of the dog and cat poses a clinical challenge to veterinary practitioners across the globe. As knowledge evolves, so too do clinical practices. However, there remain uncertainties and controversies. There is value for the veterinary community at large in the generation of a contemporary wide-ranging guideline document. The aim of this project was therefore to assimilate the available published knowledge into a single accessible referenced resource and to provide expert clinical guidance to support professional colleagues as they navigate current melanoma challenges and controversies. Melanocytic tumors are common in dogs but rare in cats. The history and clinical signs relate to the anatomic site of the melanoma. Oral and subungual malignant melanomas are the most common malignant types in dogs. While many melanocytic tumors are heavily pigmented, making diagnosis relatively straightforward, melanin pigmentation is variable. A validated clinical stage scheme has been defined for canine oral melanoma. For all other locations and for feline melanoma, TNM-based staging applies. Certain histological characteristics have been shown to bear prognostic significance and can thus prove instructive in clinical decision making. Surgical resection using wide margins is currently the mainstay of therapy for the local control of melanomas, regardless of primary location. Radiotherapy forms an integral part of the management of canine oral melanomas, both as a primary and an adjuvant therapy. Adjuvant immunotherapy or chemotherapy is offered to patients at high risk of developing distant metastasis. Location is the major prognostic factor, although it is not completely predictive of local invasiveness and metastatic potential. There are no specific guidelines regarding referral considerations for dogs with melanoma, as this is likely based on a multitude of factors. The ultimate goal is to provide the best options for patients to extend quality of life and survival, either within the primary care or referral hospital setting.

Increased risk of multiple metastases and worse overall survival of metastatic pancreatic body and tail cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal disease, especially metastatic PC. And it can be divided into two types: head pancreatic cancer (H-PC) and body and tail pancreatic cancer (BT-PC). Prior studies have proved that they have different overall survival (OS) and should be regarded as two different categories of PC. At present, there remains a gap in the field regarding OS across different primary tumor locations and metastatic sites, as well as the metastatic patterns associated with various primary tumor locations in patients with metastatic PC. Thus, our study aims to address this gap by analyzing data from a large population sourced from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The different prognosis of different primary tumor locations and metastatic sites may indicate that different primary locations and metastatic sites may require different therapy and follow-up strategy. It is hoped that these findings will lay the groundwork for future guideline updates and related research. Patients with pathologically confirmed stage IV metastatic PC from the National Cancer Institute's SEER program between 2010 and 2015 were included, excluding patients with various tumors, without specifying age, specific sites of metastasis, or OS. Data including age, race, gender, tumor size, T stage, N stage, grade, sites, number of metastatic sites, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and years of diagnoses were collected from the SEER database. OS was defined as the period from initial diagnosis to the date of death. Specific metastatic sites for the different primary locations of tumor were compared. Survival was analyzed by Cox regression analyses. Overall, 14,406 patients with metastatic PC were included in this research (7,104 of H-PC and 7,302 of BT-PC). Gender proportion, tumor size, T stage, N stage, number of metastatic sites surgery of the primary lesions and radiotherapy were different between BT-PC and H-PC. The proportion of only 1 metastatic site was 68.3% in H-PC compared with 58.3% in the BT-PC. The BT-PC was an independent risk factor for liver metastases compared with the H-PC [odds ratio (OR) =1.510; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.320-1.727]. No matter for those with multiple metastases, or for those with solitary liver or lung metastases, patients with metastatic H-PC showed better OS (P<0.001, P=0.001, P=0.04, respectively). In patients with solitary liver metastases, worse OS was observed in the BT-PC than the H-PC [hazard ratio (HR) =1.109; 95% CI: 1.046-1.175]. The metastatic BT-PC had worse OS and increased risk to suffer from liver and multiple metastases. Moreover, in patients with solitary metastases, those with liver metastases presented poorest survival.

Probability of Erosion Utilizing Google Earth Engine and the RUSLE Method in the Tuntang Watershed

The Tuntang Watershed is an important watershed in Central Java. Management of watersheds in the Tuntang stream is a priority for various parties to carry out. One of the things that threatens the sustainability of the Tuntang watershed is erosion. The erosion rate can lead to sediment accumulation and siltation in the Tuntang River reservoir, which can cause catastrophic flooding. Flood disaster mitigation caused by erosion needs to be done, one of which is by calculating the erosion rate per year that occurs in the Tuntang watershed. This study calcultated the predicted erosion rate (per year in the Tuntang watershed) using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) method, processed using the Google Earth Engine (GEE). Google offers a cloud-storage technology called GEE. Programming in JavaScript is required to operate GEE. GEE is a petabyte-scale data-based tool that can be used to analyze and archive geospatial data that is open source. The computing environment is designed for the processing of geospatial data, including the depiction of spatial analysis of satellite imagery. Data for RUSLE is obtained from the database in GEE, and the results can be imaged on a map. According to the study’s findings, the degree of soil erosion throughout the Tuntang Watershed was essentially constant, with Moderate erosion predominating in the majority of locations. Senjoyo Sub Watershed, Rowopening Sub Watershed, and Tuntang Hilir Sub Watershed are the primary locations with severe erosion. Rowopening Sub Watershed is the region that is the worst.

IJCM_149A: Profile of injuries among children admitted to a tertiary care hospital of Mangalore city, South India.

Background: Childhood injuries represent a significant public health concern worldwide, with a considerable impact on morbidity and mortality rates among children. Understanding the epidemiology and patterns of childhood injuries is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. This retrospective study aimed to analyse the demographic and clinical patterns of childhood injuries among children admitted to Government Wenlock Hospital in Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Methodology: A hospital-based retrospective study design was employed, utilizing records of children aged 12 and below who were admitted with injuries during the study period. Data were collected using a structured proforma and analysed using SPSS version 11.5. Demographic and clinical variables were assessed, including age, gender, location of injury occurrence, type of injury, cause of injury, and outcomes. Results: A total of 359 cases of childhood injuries were analysed, with children aged 1-5 years being the most vulnerable age group. Male children experienced a higher number of injuries compared to females. The most common types of injuries were burns and poisoning, with road traffic accidents being the leading cause of injury. Home was identified as the primary location where injuries occurred. Most children were discharged without disability, although a significant number were discharged against medical advice. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the epidemiology and patterns of childhood injuries in Mangalore, Karnataka. The findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted prevention strategies, such as increased parental supervision, traffic safety education, and proper storage of hazardous substances, to reduce the burden of childhood injuries. Additionally, efforts should focus on raising awareness among parents about the importance of seeking medical care promptly to mitigate the risk of adverse outcomes.

Epidemiology of prehospital emergency calls according to patient transport decision in a middle eastern emergency care environment: Retrospective cohort-based.

Though emergency medical services (EMS) respond to all types of emergency calls, they do not always result in the patient being transported to the hospital. This study aimed to explore the determinants influencing emergency call-response-based conveyance decisions in a Middle Eastern ambulance service. This retrospective quantitative analysis of 93,712 emergency calls to the Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service (HMCAS) between January 1 and May 31, 2023, obtained from the HMCAS electronic system, was analyzed to determine pertinent variables. Sociodemographic, emergency dispatch-related, clinical, and miscellaneous predictors were analyzed. Descriptive, bivariate, ridge logistic regression, and combination analyses were evaluated. 23.95% (N = 21,194) and 76.05% (N = 67,285) resulted in patient nontransport and transportation, respectively. Sociodemographic analysis revealed that males predominantly activated EMS resources, and 60% of males (n = 12,687) were not transported, whilst 65% of females (n = 44,053) were transported. South Asians represented a significant proportion of the transported patients (36%, n = 24,007). "Home" emerged as the primary emergency location (56%, n = 37,725). Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations across several variables, though multicollinearity was identified as a challenge. Ridge regression analysis underscored the role of certain predictors, such as missing provisional diagnoses, in transportation decisions. The upset plot shows that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most common combinations in both groups. This study highlights the nuanced complexities governing conveyance decisions. By unveiling patterns such as male predominance, which reflects Qatar's expatriate population, and specific temporal EMS activity peaks, this study accentuates the importance of holistic patient assessment that transcends medical histories.

Correlation between accretion rate and free-free emission in protoplanetary disks

Context. The inner regions of protoplanetary disks are believed to be the primary locations of planet formation and the processes that influence the global evolution of the disk, such as magnetohydrodynamic winds and photoevaporation. Transition disks with large inner dust cavities are ideal targets for studying the inner regions (of tens of au) of disks, as this is where the central emission can be fully disentangled from the outer disk emission. Aims. We present a homogeneous multiwavelength analysis of the continuum emission in a sample of 11 transition disks. We investigate the nature of the central emission close to the star, distinguishing between thermal dust and free-free emission. Methods. We combined spatially resolved measurements of continuum emission from the archival Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array data with centimeter-wave (cm-wave) observations from the literature to study the spectral indices of the inner and outer disks separately. Results. While the emission from the outer disks is consistent with thermal dust emission, 10 out of 11 of the spectral indices estimated for the central emission close to the star suggest that this emission is free-free emission that is likely associated with an ionized jet or a disk wind. We found no correlation between the free-free luminosity and the accretion luminosity or the X-ray luminosity and this argues against an explanation based on a potential photoevaporative wind. A sub-linear correlation between the ionized mass loss rate and the accretion rate onto the star was observed, suggesting the origin is drawn from the ionized jet. Conclusions. The relative lack of millimeter-dust (mm-dust) grains in the majority of inner disks in transition disks indicates that either such dust grains have drifted quickly towards the central star, that grain growth is less efficient in the inner disk, or that grains rapidly grow to planetesimal sizes in the inner disk. The observed correlation between the ionized mass loss rate and the accretion rate suggests the outflow is strictly connected to stellar accretion and that accretion in these disks is driven by a jet.

Association between serum ferritin level and lipid profile among diabetic patients: A retrospective cohort study.

High serum ferritin (SF) levels have been linked to obesity, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cancer. This study aimed to investigate the association between SF and dyslipidemia in adults diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical records of eligible patients from 3 primary locations in Saudi Arabia namely - Abha, Khamis Mushyt, and Jeddah - from 2010 to 2020. The study included adult patients aged 18 years or older who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and identified with an HbA1c level of ≥6.5. This study involved 3674 participants, with males accounting for 26.6% of the total. The mean age of the studied population was 48.0 ± 18.4 years. The median [interquartile range] of SF among males was higher than females, however, this difference was not statistically significant (60.0 [23.4-125.8] vs 55.4 [24.0-113.4], P = 0.204). On the other hand, age and region were significantly associated with SF (P = .032 and 0.035). SF had a significant positive correlation with cholesterol (r = 0.081, P < .001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = .087, P < .001), and triglycerides (r = 0.068, P < .001) and negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -0.13, P < .001). Multivariate analysis revealed that age, sex, residence, and HbA1c were significantly affecting the lipid profile. Clinicians should consider including SF testing as part of the comprehensive evaluation of patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia.

The Profile of Sinonasal Tumors with Orbital Involvement in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia: A 10-Year Overview

Background: Sinonasal tumors are rare tumors, either malignant or benign, that vary greatly based on the origin and primary tumor location in the sinonasal tract. The close anatomical relationship between the sinonasal tract and the orbital cavity makes orbital involvement very common (50%-80%) in sinonasal tumors, and this indicates a negative prognostic factor in sinonasal malignancy. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the profile of sinonasal tumors with orbital involvement in our center.&#x0D; Methods: Retrospective study from oncology subdivision files and medical records from January 2011 – December 2020. Collected data including age, gender, the clinical manifestations of orbital involvement, primary location, histopathology, and management of sinonasal tumors.&#x0D; Results: There were 35 patients examined by the oncology subdivision either directly came or consulted from the ENT department, consisting of 18 (51.4%) males and 17 (48.6%) females. The age of patients ranged from 11 to 83 years old. with the most common age groups being 41-50 and 51-60 (25.7% in each age group). The majority of the patients (77.1%) had presented with proptosis. Maxillary sinus was the most common (45.7%) primary site of tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (51.4%) histopathology found. Most of the patients (37.1%) were treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.&#x0D; Conclusion: Orbital involvement commonly occurs in malignant sinonasal tumors with proptosis as a major clinical presentation. A combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was the most common practice management because the tumors were unresectable at the time of presentation.

Benchmark findings from a veteran electronic patient-reported outcomes evaluation from a chronic pain management telehealth program

BackgroundChronic pain is a leading cause of disability and negatively impacts biological/physical, psychological, and social aspects of life resulting in significant pain interference or disability. This project was part of a longitudinal mixed-methods implementation evaluation of the TelePain-Empower Veterans Program (EVP), a non-pharmacological chronic pain intervention. The purpose of this quality management project was to examine electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROs) including primary pain-related (intensity, interference, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia) and secondary outcomes (physical, psychological, acceptance, social) to determine TelePain-EVP effectiveness. Secondary purpose was to examine dosing effects to better understand potential dose relationships between EVP use and ePROs.MethodsStandardized ePRO measures were examined at week 1 (baseline), week 10 (post-EVP), and week 26 (follow-up). Qualtrics, a cloud-based platform was used to collect ePRO data at each time point. Veterans that completed at-least one survey at any specified time point were categorized as responders (n = 221). Linear-mixed models (LMMs) were fit to assess changes for each primary and secondary ePRO.ResultsParticipants ranged from 24 to 81 years old; veterans were typically male (65.16%), black or African American (76.47%), married or partnered (41.63%), attended at-least some college or vocational school (67.87%), and reported low back as their primary pain location (29.41%). There was a significant decrease in pain catastrophizing from baseline to post-TelePain-EVP (p < .001). However, pain catastrophizing improvement from baseline was not present at week 26 (p = .116). Pain interference also decreased from baseline to post-treatment (p = .05), but this improvement did not exceed the adjusted significance threshold. Additional pre-post improvements were also observed for certain secondary ePROs: psychological (anxiety, depression), acceptance (activities engagement). Only the activities engagement effect remained 26 weeks from baseline. Mixed results were observed for EVP dose across primary and secondary outcomes.ConclusionsEvidence from this evaluation indicate that TelePain-EVP has positive outcomes for certain pain (catastrophizing), psychological (anxiety, depression), and acceptance (activities engagement) for veterans with chronic pain. More TelePain related studies and enterprise-wide evaluations are needed along with comparative and cost effectiveness methods to determine patient benefits and the economic value gained of treatment options such as TelePain-EVP.

Quantitative analysis of standardized uptake values (SUV) of metastatic bone lesions in scintigraphy with [99mTc]Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-Tyr3-octreotide in patients with neuroendocrine tumours.

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are a group of cancers that can produce hormones and other metabolically active compounds. The majority of NETs have specific tissue characteristics, such as the expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTR). Metabolic testing with [99mTc]Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-Tyr3-octreotide ([99mTc]Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC) can be used in patients with NETs to visualize the presence of receptors in different locations of pathological lesions, including the skeletal system. The study aimed to calculate the body weight maximum standardized uptake value (SUVbwmax) of pathological bone lesions and healthy bone tissues, estimate the size of lesions, and identify a relationship between the SUVbwmax of the bone tissues, age and body mass of the study participants. The somatostatin receptor scintigraphies (SRS) with [99mTc]Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC were carried out at the Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Clinical Hospital No. 1, Pomeranian Medical University (PMU) in Szczecin from 2019 to 2022. Whole body and single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) scans were performed four hours after the injection of 700-800 MBq of [99mTc]Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC in 344 patients with neuroendocrine tumours of various primary lesion locations. In 19 patients, who showed foci of increased radiopharmaceutical accumulation in bone location, the SUVbwmax was measured. The SUVbwmax of pathological bone lesions and healthy tissues were determined on SPECT/CT cross-sectional images using Xeleris 4 software. The total number of foci with increased SSTR expression in bone regions seen on scintigraphic images was 89. Among them, 32 bone lesions were visible on the corresponding CT scans. The mean SUVbwmax of these lesions was 31.39 [standard deviation (SD) 34.31]. For the other 57 lesions that were not visible on corresponding CT scans, the mean SUVbwmax was 19.12 (SD 24.24). The smallest bone lesion detected on the scintigram and visible on the corresponding CT location was 5 mm × 5 mm, measured in cross-section, and was located in the Th8 vertebral body; the largest, measuring 20 mm × 22 mm, was detected in the L3 vertebral body. The SUVbwmax of these lesions was 24.70 and 142.40, respectively. Bone lesions seen on SPECT/CT in [99mTc]Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC scintigraphy can be quantitatively analysed using the SUV index. Even a very small pathological bone lesion can be detected on [99mTc]Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC scintigraphy. It was shown that in cases where bone lesions were visible on CT scans, the SUVbwmax of bone tumour lesions was higher than when lesions were not visible on CT. Body mass does not affect the SUVbwmax of bone lesions. SUVbwmax of healthy bone tissue decreased with age.

Typical metastases, atypical course of the disease and morphology

The process of tumor differentiation is a central aspect of the histopathological classification of solid malignancies and is closely related to the biological behavior of the tumor (poorly differentiated tumors/dedifferentiated tumors are known to be more aggressive than more differentiated tumors). The mechanisms by which tumor cell differentiation is disrupted are poorly understood, but pathologists and molecular tumor biologists have introduced the concept of dedifferentiation to explain the phenotypic changes that occur in solid tumors. In this review, we discuss a case of detection of dedifferentiated cancer, where even with the help of molecular testing of a tumor sample, we were not completely able to unambiguously determine the original source of the process, which entailed difficulties in choosing treatment tactics. And the main question that we asked ourselves during the treatment process: should treatment be based on molecular markers identified in the tumor, or should treatment be carried out according to the recommendations for the treatment of tumors of an undetected primary location with empirically selected chemotherapy?

Abstract 3587: Evidence that membrane progesterone receptors (mPR) play a key role in cancer metastases in most cases of metastatic cancer

Abstract An immunomodulatory protein called the progesterone induced blocking factor (PIBF) is essential for the fetal semi-allograft to escape immune surveillance. Many cancer cell lines make both mPRs for PIBF and the protein itself. The progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist mifepristone added to cancer cell line cultures down-regulated mRNA for PIBF and the PIBF protein. This IRB approved study (that required a compassionate use IND from the FDA) evaluated oral mifepristone 200mg per day (majority) or 300mg in patients with very advanced cancers with no more treatment options available. Patients would remain under the care of their primary oncologists (FDA requirement). Because the nuclear (n) PR may be protective against cancer spread, only patients with cancers negative for the nPR were treated. Patients with the following types of cancers received mifepristone: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (n=9), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (n=2), colon (n=3), pancreatic (n=2), thymic epithelial cell (n=1), transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis (n=1), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (n=1), glioblastoma multiforme stage IV (n=1), leiomyosarcoma (n=1). All 21 patients showed significant palliative benefits, especially but not limited to, marked reduction in pain and marked improvement in energy, decreased dyspnea on exertion, and return of mental clarity. For those who had repeat CT evaluation no one failed to show shrinkage and decrease in malignant lesions and 2 (leiomyosarcoma and SCLC) showed complete remission after a few months on mifepristone. Five patients (3 females, 2 males) with SCLC (1), NSCL (n=3) and fibrous osteosarcoma (n=1) survived at least 5 years with 2 dying from cancer unrelated causes (SCLC and NSCLC). Two are still alive (NSCLC with EGFR mutation and brain metastases). The male with fibrous osteosarcoma died after stopping mifepristone in favor of a new drug recommended by his oncologist. Two patients lived over 2 years. Most would have lived longer had they not stopped mifepristone. Other observations: significant palliative benefits are seen within 3 weeks of taking mifepristone before any evidence of significant tumor regression. After a period of time, some lesions (especially in the primary location) may start growing slowly, but this is not a sign of loss of drug efficacy and long good quality life is still probable if one remains on the drug. The cancer spreads rapidly if one stops the mifepristone. The usual reason for stopping the drug was intervention by the primary oncologist suggesting a new clinical trial because there has not been complete remission of the cancer or some tumor growth (usually slow) or finances. Not one patient had a side effect. Hopefully this study will generate interest in treating patients with advanced cancer with mifepristone, especially those devoid of the nPR. These data support the role of mPRs in cancer proliferation. Citation Format: Jerome H. Check, Diane Check, Brooke Neumann, Carrie Wilson. Evidence that membrane progesterone receptors (mPR) play a key role in cancer metastases in most cases of metastatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3587.

Abstract 3832: Fluid-overload associated large B-cell lymphoma and determinants of outcomes: Analysis of a pooled database

Abstract Background: Fluid overload-associated large B-cell lymphoma (FOLBCL) is a new WHO lymphoma entity previously known as PEL-like lymphoma or HHV8-unrelated PEL-like lymphoma. It is a rare lymphoma that arises within fluid-filled body cavities without a solid component. FOLBCL occurs in the absence of immunodeficiency and is commonly associated with conditions associated with fluid overload. It expresses mature B-cell phenotype and occasional EBV infection markers. We conducted this study to delineate key clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic indicators, and treatment modalities that affect outcomes in this rare and newly defined lymphoma subtype. Materials &amp; Methods: To study the demographic characteristics, molecular and immunohistochemical signatures, therapeutic interventions, survival, and prognostic factors, we compiled a pooled database of 115 cases that fit the diagnostic criteria for FOLBCL. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed. Cox proportional hazards model and Log-rank tests were used to assess the influence of demographic and clinicopathologic factors on overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 115 patients with confirmed FOLBCL were identified. The median age was 74, with a peak incidence between 72 and 82 years. There was a male preponderance with M:F of 2. The pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities were involved in 75%, 34, and 27%. The median duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 1 month. Patients presented with constitutional symptoms and hepatosplenomegaly in 13% and 1%, respectively—no patients presented with lymph node and bone marrow involvement. The median OS of the whole group was 16 months. Patients younger than 70 had better median OS than 70 and older (24 vs. 10 months, p=0.008). The presence of any malignant peritoneal effusion was associated with worse OS when compared to effusion limited to the thoracic cavity (7 vs. 24 months, p=0.005). LDH&amp;gt;500 was also associated with worse OS (p=0.02). Sex, the presence of fluid overload-causing conditions, and serum IL2R levels did not seem to impact OS. MYC re-arrangement had numerically worse OS when present but did not reach statistical significance. Chemotherapy demonstrated superior OS compared to no treatment (24 vs. 7 months, p=0.009). Patients who attained CR as their best response had a superior median OS (p&amp;lt;0.0001). Conclusion: This study presents updated clinicopathologic data from a pooled cohort of patients with FOLBCL. It identifies the age, the primary location of cavitary disease, LDH, active therapy, and quality of response to treatment as key determinants of OS. Citation Format: Philip A. Haddad, Supriya Gupta, Christopher Graham. Fluid-overload associated large B-cell lymphoma and determinants of outcomes: Analysis of a pooled database [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3832.

The inflammation score predicts the prognosis of gastric cancer patients undergoing Da Vinci robot surgery.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), calculated from peripheral blood immune-inflammatory cell counts, is considered a predictor of survival in various cancers. Nevertheless, there is a lack of research into the predictive value of NLR specifically in gastric cancer patients following surgery using the Da Vinci robot. Investigate the objectives of this research, confirm the positive predictive value of NLR in the prognosis of gastric cancer patients undergoing Da Vinci robotic-assisted surgery by comparing its prognostic ability with other inflammation markers and tumor biomarkers. In this retrospective analysis, information from 128 individuals diagnosed with gastric cancer and treated with da Vinci robot-assisted surgery was examined. The study examined various markers in the peripheral blood, including neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) prognostic nutrition index (PNI), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).To ascertain the prognostic ability and optimal cutoff values of each parameter, operating characteristic curves and the area under the curve were utilized in the analysis. For evaluation of independent prognostic factors, we utilized Kaplan-Meier curves and multifactorial Cox analysis. The variables from the multifactorial Cox analysis were used to construct a nomogram. NLR, LMR, CEA, AFP, primary location, largest tumor size and TNM stage were all found to be significant predictive elements for overall survival (OS). Multivariate Cox identified NLR (P = 0.005), LMR (P = 0.03) and AFP (P = 0.007) as the only separate predictive variables among hematological indicators. The nomogram built using NLR demonstrates excellent predictive performance at 1 year (AUC = 0.778), 3 years (AUC = 0.773), and 5 years (AUC = 0.781). Cross-validation demonstrates that this model has favorable predictive performance and discriminative ability. NLR is an uncomplicated yet potent marker for forecasting the survival result of individuals with gastric cancer following da Vinci robotic surgery, and it possesses considerable predictive significance. The nomogram based on NLR provides patients with a visual and accurate prognosis prediction.