Primary Legal Materials Research Articles

The Relationship between Business Actors and Consumers According to the Review of Electronic Transaction Law

This research aims to analyze the relationship between business actors and consumers in electronic transactions according to a review of electronic transaction law in Indonesia. This research uses normative legal research methods with a doctrinal type of research. Primary data is obtained from primary legal materials such as laws, government regulations, and court decisions. Meanwhile, secondary data is obtained from secondary legal materials such as books, scientific journals and legal articles. The data analysis technique used is qualitative analysis. The research results show that the relationship between business actors and consumers in electronic transactions is regulated in Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE), Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (UUPK), and statutory regulations. other related. Business actors have an obligation to provide correct and clear information about the products or services offered, as well as guarantee the security of electronic transactions. Consumers have the right to obtain correct and clear information about products or services, as well as the right to resolve disputes fairly.

Perlindungan Hak Cipta di Bidang Desain Grafis Dalam Penjualan Jasa Desain di Media Sosial

This research aims to identify and analyze how social media as a tool for selling graphic design services is then linked to the legal consequences for copyright objects as well as the legal protection given to copyright owners reviewed using Law Number 28 of 2014. This research is a research normative law with a statutory approach. The legal sources used consist of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The legal language analysis technique uses literature study, namely books, journals, articles related to the problem topic. The results of this research show that Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright has basically provided direct legal protection for graphic design creators for the graphic design work they upload to social media. In protecting their creations, graphic design creators can take legal action, both preventive and repressive.

Dampak Restrukturisasi Perjanjian Kredit Terhadap Jaminan HakTanggunganDalam Upaya Penyelamatan Kredit Bermasalah

The aim of this research is to determine the impact of credit agreement restructuring on mortgage guarantees in aneffort to rescue problem loans. To achieve this goal, the approach method used is empirical juridical. Data sourcesinclude primary data and secondary data. Primary data is data obtained directly by conducting field research in theform of free, guided interviews with respondents. Meanwhile, secondary data consists of primary legal materials,secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The data obtained was then analyzed qualitatively.Conclusion: Based on the results of research and analysis of data collected by the author, it is concluded that theimpact of credit agreement restructuring on mortgage guarantees in efforts to save problematic loans is: theposition of collateral whose credit agreement has been restructured through an addendum deed is that theguarantee remains valid because the object of the guarantee Bank Jateng has charged it with a guarantee institutionin the form of a mortgage which has the characteristic of always following the object being pledged as collateral inthe hands of whoever the object is in (droid de suite). Then, for the initial credit agreement which has beenrestructured through an addendum, it remains in effect as a binding condition between legal subjects in their legalrelationship and the addendum cannot be separated from the original credit agreement.Keywords: Impact, Restructuring, Credit Agreement, Mortgage Rights, Problematic Credit

Konten Youtube Sebagai Jaminan Bagi Pelaku Ekonomi Kreatif Dalam Perspektif Hukum Jaminan

YouTube content copyright is an object that moves and has no form, so it can be the object of fiduciary guarantees from financial institutions. However, this provision has given rise to many interpretations because it does not specifically regulate the criteria for YouTube content copyright which will be the object of fiduciary guarantees. Therefore, the author examines the legal certainty and facilitation of schemes for creditors holding fiduciary guarantees over YouTube content copyright objects. The research is normative legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, which is carried out by analyzing primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The results of this research are Law Number 10 of 1998 concerning Amendments to Law Number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking, ordering banks to implement the principle of prudence in assessing customer personality, customer business and collateral objects in the form of YouTube content copyrights. carry out credit distribution. If there is a default in the credit agreement, based on Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees, the creditor can execute the YouTube content copyright which is the object of the collateral.

Legality of Environmental Coordination Costs in The Construction of Housing Projects As A Form of Corporate Social Responsibility (Home Price Component Study)

This research aims to find out the application of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), to know the setting of environmental coordination costs charged to developers in housing construction against the sale price of houses in PT Harapan Inti Persada Indah (PT HIPI). This research is a type of normative jurisprudence, with legislative approaches, case approaches and conceptual approaches carried out around the area of serpong garder II and the office environment of PT HIPI. Using primary legal material sources such as the results of observations and interviews. The results of the research that PT HIPI has implemented its social responsibility but has not implemented it is not in accordance with the regulations of the legislation. As far as environmental coordination costs can make as CSR costs as well as influence the component of house sales price in PT HIPI.

Kepemilikan Rumah Hunian Oleh Orang Asing Diatas Hak Milik

The need for residential housing for foreigners who reside is a basic right that should be considered. Foreigners who have competencies in the field of tourism, managers, and other expertise for the Indonesian state are very realistic because the knowledge of foreigners' work skills for progress is mostly owned by foreigners. Indonesia as a country that will lead to progress is in dire need of knowledge and skills in various fields of technology, management and increasing resources both human and natural resources. The research method is carried out with the type of normative legal research method, with the source of primary legal material Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 103 of 2015 concerning Ownership of Residential Houses or Occupancy by Foreigners Residing in Indonesia, and other laws and regulations related to the issues discussed. While secondary legal materials are library books, journal articles on line journal system, scientific papers, and reviews in the mass media and others. The results of the study indicate that there is conformity between the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 103 and the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation in Article 4 letter a and number 1 of Number 10 of 1996 concerning Cultivation Rights, Building Rights and Land Rights Article 39 letter e and land objects Article 40 letter c, as well as the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021 concerning Land Management Rights, Land Rights, Flat Housing Units and Land Registration Article 49 paragraph (1).

KEPASTIAN HUKUM PENERAPAN JUSTICE COLLABORATOR TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA.

The idea of a Justice Collaborator is based on Article 37 paragraph (2) of the 2003 United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) which states that the state is obliged to consider reducing the sentence of perpetrators who provide substantial cooperation in the investigation and prosecution of a specified crime. As of 2023, UNCAC has 190 member countries which have proven that the article regarding Justice Collaborator is an effective way to eradicate organized crime such as narcotics. The Research method is a normative juridical research, to obtain the necessary data in connection to the period issue. The data used is secondary data in consisting of primary legal materials. Besides, it used primary data to support secondary data legal materials. Data analysis was done by qualitative juridical analysis. The result of research is obtained that From the research results, it can be seen that Justice Collaborator is a form of symbiotic mutualism or mutually beneficial cooperation between Witnesses and Perpetrators of law enforcement officers where each of them gets benefits related to the disclosure of narcotics crime cases. The legal basis for Justice Collaborator began with the publication of SEMA No. 4 of 2011, Joint Regulations, to Law no. 31 of 2014. In the PSK Law, the position of Justice Collaborator is regulated as equal to Witness, Victim and Whistleblower and their rights are guaranteed by law, but in practice there are still many perpetrator witnesses who do not get leniency because in the trial the judge does not consider the testimony of the perpetrator witness to meet the requirements. as Justice Collaborator. Even though the legal basis already exists, because in the Indonesian judicial system the decision maker is the judge, the recommendation of the prosecutor or LPSK does not necessarily lighten the sentence of the perpetrator witness

Analisis Kebijakan Perumahan Subsidi di Indonesia Policy Analysis Of Subsidized Housing In Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to know the development of subsidy policy in the field of housing in Indonesia, and to know the obstacles that hinder the development of subsidized housing in Indonesia. This research is normative legal research, namely research conducted by examining secondary data (literature) consisting of: primary legal materials; secondary legal materials. In normative legal research, the data that has been collected, both through the inventory of primary legal materials and the search for secondary materials, content analysis is carried out which is then processed into general premises about general norms in the regulation of subsidies in the housing sector. Furthermore, it is analyzed deductively by using a syllogism thinking pattern composed of two statements (major premise and minor premise) and a conclusion. Conclusion: 1) the provision of subsidies to low-income people is expected to realize the community, especially low-income people to own a house; 2) the low absorption rate of subsidized housing

ANALISIS HUKUM PENDAFTARAN TANAH TERHADAP TANAH KOMUNAL

Customary land rights are the highest form of land ownership under customary law, encompassing all land within a specific customary legal jurisdiction, jointly held by members of the indigenous community. The purpose of this research is to find a model for registering communal land in the land registration system and to determine the legal status of communal land in the land registration system. The research methodology used in this study is normative legal research, employing various approaches such as statutory approach and conceptual approach. The legal sources used include primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The research findings indicate that the registration of communal land in the land registration system, both de facto and de jure, has been recognized and protected through two regulations that acknowledge the existence of communal land, namely Ministerial Regulation No. 10 of 2016 and the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program. Essentially, communal land controlled by indigenous communities will be acknowledged through a decree issued by the regent/mayor/governor for the registered communal land at the local National Land Agency (BPN) office. However, the legal status of communal land in the Land Registration System shows that communal land is not included in the rights to land as regulated in Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 concerning land registration. Therefore, a revision of the land registration regulation is necessary to ensure the legal certainty of communal land controlled by indigenous communities

Juridical Analysis Of Doctors' Responsibilities For Malpractic Action

This study aims to describe the criminal liability of doctors who commit malpractice acts and to analyze the legal protection for patients who are victims of malpractice in positive law studies in Indonesia. This study uses normative legal research using three types of legal materials related to the responsibility of doctors for malpractice actions, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials, with the nature of qualitative descriptive research, types of normative juridical research, statutory and conceptual approaches. The results of the study stated that malpractice is included in the realm of criminal law other than civil and administrative. Doctors can be prosecuted criminally, although the criminal law does not clearly stipulate criminal penalties for malpractice. However, several conventional articles in the Criminal Code implicitly mention provisions regarding malpractice that can be used as a basis for criminal charges. In the Criminal Code, criminal liability for malpractice is contained in Article 90, Article 359, Article 360 ??paragraphs (1) and (2) and Article 361. Those subject to this article include doctors, midwives, medicine experts, who are experts in their work. each. If they ignore the regulations or requirements in their work, causing death (Article 359) or serious injury (Article 360), they will be punished more severely. Legal protection for victims of medical malpractice is regulated in Law no. 29 of 2009 concerning Medical Practice, granting rights to victims to submit complaints to the Chairman of the Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council, as well as simultaneously taking criminal and civil law remedies to court.

Analysis of the Implementation of E-Litigation with Artificial Intelligence Approach in Procedural Justice and Access to Justice in Pretrial Proceedings

The development of Artificial Intelligence in the current digital era across every sector of society has become a topic of discussion among legal experts for its potential application within the realm of justice systems. Consistency and time efficiency have become key considerations for implementation within the judicial system. Pre-trial proceedings in Indonesia are often seen as a secondary trial process, leading to inconsistencies in time, understanding of legislation, and document management, resulting in disadvantageous situations for the suspects. The integration of Artificial Intelligence in legal proceedings can enhance efficiency, accuracy, and ensure access to justice for suspects within the legal process. In the context of pre-trial proceedings, AI can be utilized to aid in data processing and analysis, decision-making, and monitoring compliance with principles of procedural justice. The research problem in this study revolves around two main questions: First, how does the legitimacy and legal certainty of utilizing electronic media within the Indonesian judicial system stand? Second, how can procedural justice and access to justice be implemented through the utilization of electronic media, particularly artificial intelligence, in pre-trial proceedings? This research is a doctrinal or normative study, relying on secondary data sources consisting of primary legal materials and qualitative data.

Analisis Terhadap Perlindungan Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Seksual Dari Segi Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Sistem Hukum Positif Indonesia

The aim of the research is to determine and analyze the concept of protecting women victims of sexual violence in terms of human rights in Indonesia's positive legal system. And to find out and analyze the form of state responsibility in protecting women victims of sexual violence in terms of human rights in Indonesia's positive legal system. The type of research, namely Normative Juridical, is legal research that places law as a building system of norms. The legal materials used in this research come from primary legal materials obtained directly from legal materials, both primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. In this case the author will try to collect information that is relevant to the topic or problem being researched, as well as examine in depth the information collected and synchronize it with the main problem in this thesis. The concept of protecting women victims of sexual violence in terms of human rights in Indonesia's positive legal system is that victims have the right to obtain their rights which are generally regulated in Article 5 of Law Number 31 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 13 of 2006 concerning Protection. Witnesses and victims also have the right to receive medical assistance, rehabilitation, compensation and restitution. Forms of State Responsibility in Protecting Women Victims of Sexual Violence In terms of Human Rights in Indonesia's Positive Legal System, namely that the State has the responsibility to provide protection and a sense of security to its citizens. In this case, especially for women who are victims of sexual crimes.

Masa Enam Bulan Berpisah Tempat Tinggal Sebagai Syarat Formil Pengajuan Perceraian dengan Alasan Pertengkaran: Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung No 421 K/Ag/2023)

From a jurisprudence perspective, there is no requirement for a long period of separation between husband and wife to carry out a divorce for reasons of quarrels and disputes. This research aims to analyze the six month period of separation of residence between husband and wife as a formal requirement in filing for divorce on the grounds of quarrels and disputes as stated in the consideration of Supreme Court Decision No. 421 K/AG/2023. What is the real reason and aim of the judge in requiring the 6 month period, so that the Supreme Court's decision has canceled the decision of PA Tegal No. 312/Pdt.G/2022/PA.Tg and PTA Semarang decision no. 334/Pdt.G/2022/PTA. SMg. This research is normative legal research, using secondary data sourced from primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Primary legal material was obtained from the Supreme Court Decision, PTA Semarang and PA Tegal Decisions, while secondary legal material was obtained from fiqh books and Supreme Court Circulars. The results of the research show that the judge's reasons for requiring a six-month period of separation between husband and wife as a formal condition for filing a divorce due to arguments are based on the new provisions contained in SEMA No. 1 of 2022 which confirms that divorce cases are based on ongoing disputes and quarrels. can be granted if it is proven that the husband/wife has had continuous disputes and quarrels or separated residences for at least 6 (six) months. This judge's decision is considered aimed at increasing family resilience and making it more difficult for divorce to occur in society, which is part of the principles of marriage.

Aspek Hukum Penggunaan Jasa Pihak Ketiga (Debt Collector) oleh Pihak Leasing Berdasarkan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor. 35 Tahun 2018 dalam Upaya Penagihan Kendaraan Roda Dua terhadap Debitur yang Melakukan Wanprestasi

The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal aspects of the use of third party services (debt collectors) by leasing parties based on Financial Services Authority Regulation No. 35/2018 in efforts to collect two-wheeled vehicles against debtors in default. 35/2018 in efforts to collect two-wheeled vehicles against debtors who make defaults The type of research in this study is normative legal research. The research in question is research that has characteristics including gaps in legal norna / principles, does not use hypotheses, uses theoretical foundations / theoretical studies and uses legal materials consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The position of debt collectors in the leasing company is as a collection officer not an execution officer, execution can only be carried out by a bailiff with a court decision as in Article 32 of the Fiduciary Guarantee Law paragraph (2). The legal relationship between debt collectors (collection service companies) and creditors, namely debt collectors when carrying out their duties, act based on the power of attorney given by the finance company to the debt collector to collect or collect collateral objects from debtors. Likewise, in POJK No.35/2018 article 50 Financing Companies can cooperate with other parties to carry out collection functions to Debtors. (2) The legal consequences of withdrawing motorized vehicles against debt collectors, debt collectors will be held criminally liable and sentenced to criminal sanctions as stipulated in the Criminal Code as criminal law in Indonesia if the implementation is not in accordance with procedures, as well as the creditor in this case leasing can be sued by the debtor and ask to compensate civilly for the act of withdrawing motorized vehicles by debt collectors if the withdrawal has violated existing provisions and violated the agreement agreed upon by the creditor and the debtor. However, if the implementation is in accordance with the procedure, it must be protected in accordance with applicable laws.

LEGAL PROTECTION OF CONSUMERS DUE TO DEFAULT BY @SELLYALBOEM IN PURCHASING NEO CULTURE TECHNOLOGY (NCT DREAM) ALBUMS

The impact of the internet as a result of advances in the development of information technology for consumers has changed consumer behavior to become more critical and selective in determining the products they will choose. A valid agreement will have an achievement. As is known that an agreement is a relationship between two parties, based on which one party is entitled to demand something from the other party, and the other party is obliged to fulfill these demands. In this case, the achievement can be in the form of giving something, doing something, or not doing something. Although an agreement is made with the hope that everything that has been agreed upon can go well, in practice there is often a non-fulfillment of achievement from one of the parties which gives rise to a situation called default. The problem in this thesis is about the form of legal protection for consumers due to default on the purchase of NCT Dream Albums and dispute resolution efforts that can be taken if there is a default on the purchase of NCT Dream Albums. The research method in this thesis consists of a normative juridical research type with a research approach using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The source of legal material uses primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that legal protection for consumers due to default by @Sellyalboem in purchasing Neo Culture Technology (NCT Dream) Albums is divided into two. First, internal legal protection is created through an agreement made by each party. The authorities create second, external protection through the formation of laws and regulations aimed at the interests of the injured party. Business actors who make defaults must make compensation. If they do not make compensation, consumers can be able to make settlement efforts using 2 ways, namely, out-of-court dispute resolution (non-litigation path) and dispute resolution in court (litigation path).

TINJAUAN PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM MEMUTUS PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA PENCABULAN ANAK DALAM PUTUSAN NOMOR 56/PID.SUS/2023/PN WNG

<p align="justify"><em>This article analyzes criminal procedural law related to the suitability of the judge's considerations in deciding the case of the crime of child molestation in V</em><em>erdict</em><em> Number 56/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Wng with Article 183 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The purpose of this article is to prove whether the judge's considerations in deciding the case of child molestation in Verdict Number 56/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Wng are in accordance with Article 183 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The research method used is normative legal research. This research is prescriptive and applied. The method for collecting legal materials is by means of literature study and the legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Based on the results of research and discussions to answer this problem, it can be concluded that the judge's consideration in deciding the case of child molestation in Verdict Number 56/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Wng is in accordance with Article 183 of the Criminal Procedure Code. This is because the judge's consideration in deciding the case contained 3 pieces of evidence, namely Witness Statement, Defendant's Statement and Letter (visum et repertum number: 445.1/06757).</em></p><p align="justify"> </p>

Examining the Ethical Considerations of Placing Elderly Parents in Nursing Homes: A Perspective on Maqasid Sharia and Social Welfare

The objective of this study is to examine the legal status of parental care in juvenile homes, which continues to be a source of contention within the community. Some view the act as an act of disobedience, while others view it from a different perspective. The theoretical framework employed to investigate this issue is the theory maqasid sharia. The rationale for this approach is that it is considered to be a relevant methodology, and no other research has been identified that employs this theory. This type of research is normative legal research, which involves the examination of primary legal materials pertinent to the research. The results of this study indicate that entrusting parents to juvenile homes does not necessarily imply a rupture in the relationship between children and parents. Instead, it allows for the maintenance of positive relations with parents while avoiding the negative consequences of neglecting them. Consequently, this study aligns with maqasid sharia including the protection of parents' lives (hifz al-nafs), enabling parents to focus on worship (hifz al-Din) safeguarding against negative thoughts between them (hifz al-�aql), pertains to the avoidance of children doing wrong if they gather in the same house (hifz al-Nasl) and encompasses the maintenance of good relations between parents and children as an asset (hifdz al-mal). The results of this study are undoubtedly contentious, particularly when viewed through the lens of divergent trends. Nevertheless, the findings of this study can serve as a reference point to prevent the immediate assumption of unfaithfulness in children who leave their parents in nursing homes.

Efektivitas Peraturan Daerah Kota Jambi Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 dalam Pemberantasan Pelacuran dan Perbuatan Asusila di Wilayah Kota Jambi

The occurrence of criminal acts of prostitution and immoral acts in the city of Jambi is currently widespread. This can also be proven by the existence of cases of prostitution at OYO accommodation located in the city of Jambi. Even though there is Jambi City Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2014 on the Eradication of Prostitution and Immoral Acts, in reality there is still prostitution in the city of Jambi even though the local area has been closed. The aim of this research is to understand and analyze the factors that influence people to commit prostitution and immoral acts in Jambi City, obstacles in implementing the effectiveness of Jambi City Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2014 in Eradicating Prostitution and Immoral Acts in the Jambi City area and efforts to overcome obstacles in reducing the number of prostitution and immoral acts in the Jambi city area. The research method is an empirical juridical research type with a legal sociology approach and uses data sources, namely primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The sampling technique was purposeful sampling and data collection techniques were carried out using interviews and document studies and data analysis was carried out using qualitative analysis. The results of his research are that the factors that influence people to commit prostitution and immoral acts in Jambi City are economic and lifestyle factors, a profitable prostitution business, teenagers having broken home family backgrounds and joining the wrong social groups, the existence of hotels and nightclubs or club. The obstacle in carrying out the effectiveness of Jambi City Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2014 in Eradicating Prostitution and Immoral Acts in the Jambi city area is that criminal sanctions are categorized as light and not as a coercive tool to ensnare perpetrators of prostitution, there is no special authority for the police to carry out criminal sanctions in the Regional Regulation. , there was a leak of information during the raid, the condition of the Youth and Women's Social Home in Talang Bakung was still worrying as it could become a rehabilitation place for prostitutes, there was resistance from the community around the prostitution localization to close the prostitution localization, there was foreign culture coming in such as promiscuity. An effort to overcome obstacles in reducing the number of prostitution and immoral acts in the Jambi city area is that the Jambi City Government closes down the localization of prostitution in the city of Jambi, then carries out socialization of Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2014 to the people of Jambi city, the Jambi city government and the Jambi City Civil Service Police Unit. coordinating with the TNI and Polri in carrying out raids as well as the role of the community or parents in supervising their children when using cellphones.

Pembiayaan Berbasis Kekayaan Intelektual Akibat Wanprestasi oleh Para Pelaku Usaha Ekonomi Kreatif

The objects of debt collateral are generally objects that have a exists for (tangible asset) such as land, buildings, vehicles and so on. However, in Law concerning the Creative Economy, precisely in Article 16, it is explained that the government facilitates intellectual property-based financing schemes that have economic value for creative economy business actors which will be further regulated in a government regulation. In terms of supporting the use of intellectual property as collateral objects to obtain credit, the government issued Government Regulation no. 24 of 2019 concerning Implementing Regulations of Law concerning the Creative Economy. So that creative economy actors in this case can take advantage of these facilities to develop their potential. Based on this background, the author formulates two problem formulations, namely: how are intellectual property rights (IPR) regulated for creative economy businesses as objects of debt collateral? What are the resolution efforts if a dispute occurs due to default by creative economy business actors? This thesis research uses normative juridical methods with a statutory approach (statue approach) and conceptual approaches. The legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials using the library study method of collecting legal materials with research analysis using deductive methods.

Analisis Penerapan Prinsip First To File Terhadap Perlindungan Hukum Preventif

This research aims to examine the application of the first-to-file principle as a preventive legal protection in trademark disputes between MS GLOW and PS GLOW. This legal writing falls under the category of normative legal research, utilizing legislative approaches and case approaches. Legal sources used in this research include primary legal materials and secondary legal materials, collected through document studies and analyzed using deductive legal material analysis with syllogism method. The results of this research indicate that the application of the first-to-file principle as a preventive legal protection in trademark disputes between MS GLOW and PS GLOW is not well implemented and effective. This is due to existing weaknesses both in the substance of the trademark law, namely Law Number 20 of 2016, and in the stages of trademark registration, namely in the announcement stage and the substantive examination stage.