Primary Hip Arthroplasty Research Articles

CT validation of intraoperative imageless navigation (Naviswiss) for component positioning accuracy in primary total hip arthroplasty in supine patient position: a prospective observational cohort study in a single-surgeon practice

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to report on the validity of the Naviswiss handheld image-free navigation device for accurate intraoperative measurement of THA component positioning, in comparison with the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images as the gold standard.MethodsA series of patients presenting to a single-surgeon clinic with end-stage hip osteoarthritis received primary hip arthroplasty with the anterolateral muscle-sparing surgical approach in the supine position. Imageless navigation was applied during the procedure with bone-mounted trackers applied to the greater trochanter and ASIS. Patients underwent routine CT scans before and after surgery and these were analyzed by using three-dimensional reconstruction to generate cup orientation, offset and leg length changes, which were compared to the intraoperative measurements provided by the navigation system. Estimates of agreement between the intraoperative and image-derived measurements were assessed with and without correction for bias and declared cases with potential measurement issues.ResultsThe mean difference between intraoperative and postoperative CT measurements was within 2° for angular measurements and 2 mm for leg length. Absolute differences for the two indices were between 5° and 4 mm. Mean bias was 1.9°–3.6° underestimation for cup orientation and up to 2 mm overestimation for leg length change, but absolute thresholds of 10° and 10 mm were not exceeded by 95% limits of agreement (LOA), especially after correction for bias. Four cases (12%) were declared intraoperatively for issues with fixation on the greater trochanter. Inclusion of these cases generated acceptable accuracy overall and their omission failed to improve between-case variability in accuracy or LOA for both offset and leg length.ConclusionsThe accuracy of the Naviswiss system applied during primary THA in a supine position and anterolateral surgical approach falls within clinically acceptable recommendations for acetabular cup placement, femoral offset, and length. With refinements to surgical technique to adapt to the navigation hardware, the system could be further improved with regression-based bias correction.Trial registrationRegistered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618000317291)

Variation of Practice in Prophylactic Protocol to Reduce Prosthetic Joint Infection in Primary Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A National Survey in the United Kingdom.

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) has an enormous physiological and psychological burden on patients. Surgeons rightly wish to minimise this risk. It has been shown that a standardised, evidence-based approach to perioperative care leads to better patient outcomes. A review of current practice was conducted using a cross-sectional survey among surgeons at multiple centers nationwide. An 11-question electronic survey was circulated to hip and knee arthroplasty consultants nationally via the BOA (British Orthopaedic Association) e-newsletter. The respondents included 56 consultants working across 19 different trusts. Thirty-four (60.7%) screen patients for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) preoperatively, with 19 (55.9%) would treating with antibiotics. Fifty-six (100%) screen for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and treat if positive. Only 15 (26.8%) screen for methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) or empirically eradicate. Zero (0%) routinely catheterise patients perioperatively. Forty-one (73.2%) would give intramuscular or intravenous gentamicin for a perioperative catheterisation. All surgeons use laminar flow theatres. Twenty-six (46.4%) use only an impervious gown, 6 (10.7%) exhaust pipes, and 24 (42.3%) surgical helmet system. Five different antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens are used 9 (16.1%) cefuroxime, 2 (3.6%) flucloxacillin, 19 (33.9%) flucloxacillin and gentamicin, 10 (17.9%) teicoplanin, 16 (28.6%) teicoplanin and gentamicin. Twenty-two (39.3%) routinely give further doses. ASB screening, treatment and intramuscular gentamicin for perioperative catheterisation is routinely practiced despite no supporting evidence base. MSSA screening and treatment is underutilised. Multiple antibiotic regimens exist despite little variation in organisms in PJI. Practice varies between surgeons and centers, we should all be practicing evidence-based medicine.

Scaled TelePhysical Therapy Program a Promising Option for Post-acute Care of Lower-Extremity Arthroplasty Patients.

Post-acute care for orthopedic surgery patients continues to evolve with the reduction in hospital length of stay (LOS), shift to ambulatory surgery, increased number of surgeries, and focus on value-based care. We sought to examine outcomes of a cohort of lower-extremity arthroplasty patients receiving telephysical therapy (TelePT) according to hospital LOS, as a means of exploring the viability of TelePT as a value-based discharge option. A retrospective review was conducted of patients who participated in our institution's HSS@Home TelePT program after undergoing primary unilateral hip or knee arthroplasty, unicondylar knee replacement, or hip resurfacing. Demographic data and outcomes such as hospital LOS, number of days between discharge and TelePT evaluation, number of TelePT visits, number of re-admissions, Hip dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome (HOOS Jr.) or Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome (KOOS Jr.) scores, and patient satisfaction scores were collected. Patients were divided into categories based on hospital LOS to help determine the versatility of program. In the 2814 patients included, we observed an average of 4.1 TelePT visits; 1% of patients were readmitted within 90 days, and 97% of patients were satisfied or highly satisfied. There was no difference in HOOS or KOOS Jr. scores at each follow-up time point, except for the 6-month HOOS Jr. scores. This retrospective study suggests that TelePT may be a viable option for care of lower-extremity arthroplasty patients in the post-acute setting, regardless of hospital LOS. As a discharge option, it may meet the needs of select patients to fill a gap in providing value-based care.

The effects of modified hardinge approach on hip muscle strength in patients with primary hip arthroplasty: a patient evaluation with isokinetic strength test and gait analyses.

Numerous factors affect abductor strength after Total hip arthroplasty (THA), including surgical technique, prosthesis type, postoperative rehabilitation program, and preoperative patient condition. We prospectively investigated the effects of the modified Hardinge approach on hip muscle strength, which was evaluated using the isokinetic test, functional results, and gait function of patients who underwent primary THA. The hip muscles strength were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. The primary outcomes of the present study were measurement of isokinetic strength of hip abductor muscle strengths using an isokinetic evaluator and gait analyses preoperatively and at 6months postoperatively in 27 patients. Isokinetic muscle strength test, abductor and other hip circumference groups achieved the preoperative muscle strength at 3months postoperatively, and the postoperative sixth month values showed a statistically significant improvement compared with the preoperative and third month values. In gait analyze, our temporospatial data showed a slight regression at postoperative 3months but reached the same values at 6months postoperatively. Kinematic data showed a significant regression, but the data were not compared with those in the preoperative period. Adequate muscle strength and physiological gait pattern, similar to the preoperative status, can be achieved at 6months postoperatively. Level III.

The Environmental Impact and Sustainability of Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundOperating room waste is disposed of in landfill sites, recycled, or undergoes costly, energy-intensive incineration processes. By assessing the quantity and recyclability of waste in primary hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA), we aim to identify strategies to improve sustainability. MethodsA prospective waste audit of 15 primary THA and 16 primary TKA cases was conducted at a tertiary orthopedic hospital between April and July 2022. Waste was categorized into nonhazardous, hazardous, recycling, sharps, and linens. Each category was weighed. Items disposed as nonhazardous waste were cataloged for a sample of 10 TKA and 10 THA cases. Recyclability of items was determined using packaging. ResultsAverage total waste generated for THA and TKA was 14.46 kg and 17.16 kg, respectively. TKA generated significantly greater waste (P < .05). Of all waste, 5.4% was recycled in TKA and just 2.9% in THA cases. The mean amount of recycled waste was significantly greater in TKA cases than that in THA cases, 0.93 kg and 0.42 kg, respectively.Hazardous waste made up the largest proportion for both TKA (69.2%) and THA (73.4%). Nonhazardous waste made up 15.1% and 11.3% of total waste for TKA and THA, respectively. In the nonhazardous waste, only 2 items (scrub-brush packaging and towel packaging) were recyclable. ConclusionsWe estimate hip and knee arthroplasty generates over 2.7 million kg of waste in the United Kingdom annually. Currently, only a small percentage of waste is recycled in hip and knee arthroplasty, which could improve through increased use of recyclable plastics and clear labeling of items as recyclable by medical suppliers.

The use of intra-articular vancomycin is safe in primary hip and knee arthroplasty

BackgroundThe use of a single dose of intra-articular antibiotic (IAA) has been reported in reducing the rate of prosthetic joint injection after total hip and knee arthroplasty. We examine the safety of IAA in primary hip and knee replacement surgery and the blood levels and joint fluid levels of vancomycin utilising this technique. MethodsFrom August to October 2021, 68 patients undergoing primary total joint arthroplasty (THA & TKA) were given 1g vancomycin intra-articularly (IA)after closure of the fascia. All patients received 2g cefazolin intravenously (IV) 30 min prior to the procedure as is our standard prophylaxis, and 21 of the patients (IA + IV) were also administered an additional 1 gm vancomycin IV. Post-operative blood vancomycin, creatinine land eGFR level monitoring was performed d1 and d3. To determine the post-operative intra-articular vancomycin levels, surgical drain fluid was sampled at day 1 and 2, in 10 patients. ResultsAll patients had serum vancomycin levels measured on day 1 and 3. In the group where vancomycin was injected after fascial closure, the average blood vancomycin level day 1 was 5.2 μg/ml (range 2.0–10.9) and day 3 was <1.4 μg/ml. The average pre-op creatinine levels were 69.4 μmol/L (56.1–82.6) compared to 70.2 μmol/L (57.0–83.4) on day 1 and 66.1 μmol/L (52.6–79.6) on day 3, (p = 0.663). The average pre-op eGFR levels (ml/min/1.73 m2) were 82.2 (76.0–88.3) compared to 81.7 (75.6–87.8) on day 1 and 83.0 (76.8–89.2) on day 3 (p = 0.736). Samples of joint fluid aspirated from surgical drains on day 1 and day 2 showed average vancomycin levels of 224 μg/ml and 51 μg/ml respectively, significantly higher than the MIC for Staph aureus. ConclusionsThe use of intra-articular vancomycin is safe in primary TJA, with no renal damage and delivers levels within the joint which are highly therapeutic for at least 48 h post injection.

No clinically relevant difference in patient-reported outcomes between the direct superior approach and the posterolateral or anterior approach for primary total hip arthroplasty: analysis of 37,976 primary hip arthroplasties in the Dutch Arthroplasty Registry.

The direct superior approach (DSA) is a modification of the posterolateral approach (PLA) for total hip arthroplasty (THA). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of the DSA have not been investigated previously using nationwide data. Our aim was to assess PROMs after THA using the DSA compared with the PLA and, secondarily, with the anterior approach (DAA). In this population-based cohort study we included 37,976 primary THAs performed between 2014 and 2020 (PLA: n = 22,616; DAA: n = 15,017; DSA: n = 343) using Dutch Arthroplasty Registry data. PROMs (NRS pain, EQ-5D, HOOS-PS, and OHS) were measured preoperatively, and at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. Repeated measurements were analyzed using mixed-effects models, adjusted for confounders, to investigate the association between surgical approach and PROMs over time. From baseline to 3 and 12 months, improvements for NRS pain scores, EQ-5D, and OHS were comparable for the DSA compared with the PLA or DAA. No difference was found in HOOS-PS improvement 3 months postoperatively between DSA and PLA (-0.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] -2.4 to 1.9) and between DSA and DAA (-1.7, CI -3.9 to 0.5). At 12 months postoperatively, patients in the DSA group had improved -2.8 points (CI -4.9 to -0.6) more in HOOS-PS compared with the DAA, but not with the PLA group (-1.0, CI -3.2 to 1.1). Our study showed no clinically meaningful differences between the DSA and either PLA or DAA.

Net Promoter Score: a prospective, single-centre observational study assessing if a single question determined treatment success after primary or revision hip arthroplasty

BackgroundOur study aimed to identify the relationship between treatment outcome assessed by patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) and satisfaction measured by calculation of the Net Promoter Score (NPS), which identifies promoters, following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim was to evaluate this association separately in primary and revision THA and to determine thresholds based on PROMs that identify detractors of the surgical procedure or the centre.MethodsA total of 1,243 patients who underwent primary or revision THA at our hospital were asked to complete questionnaires of the Oxford Hip Score (OHS), Euroquol-5D (EQ-5D) and information on pain intensity preoperatively, three and 12 months after surgery. Postoperatively, the patients were additionally asked about their satisfaction with the procedure and the hospital by using three different NPS questions. The association between PROMs and NPS was evaluated based on group comparisons of primary or revision THA and receiver operating characteristics analysis (ROC) to determine threshold values.ResultsAt 12 months the NPS of all three questions were invariably linked to treatment outcome in patients after primary THA and patients with a single revision. In these two treatment groups, promoters always showed significantly better PROM scores than detractors. The NPS score was always higher in the primary group in comparison to the single revision group, e.g. 66.4% would undergo the procedure again in the first group, while only 33.0% would opt for this in the latter group. The high thresholds for the PROMs at 12 months, that were calculated by ROC analysis to identify promoter/detractors, indicate that patients` satisfaction required very good joint function and pain relief. However, the NPS was not a suitable tool to identify patients who need further care in an early phase after surgery.ConclusionsWith NPS already a single question or a single parameter provides the desired information regarding patient satisfaction and also treatment success.Trial registrationThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee at the Medical Faculty of the University Rostock: “Ethikkommission an der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Rostock”, Address: St.-Georg Str. 108 18055 Rostock, Germany, reference number: A2015–0055.

Comparison of the strength characteristics of a carbon friction pair of a hip joint endoprosthesis, including components from monolithic or non-monolithic pyrolytic carbon

Introduction The problem a large number of revision operations due to aseptic loosening after primary hip arthroplasty necessitates the search for a new material for a friction pair. The pyrocarbon, which has high tribological characteristics, can be used both in a monolithic and in a prefabricated design; however, the manufacture of a monolithic pyrocarbon block complicates production.Aim Compare the strength characteristics of the stem head and liner designs with monolithic and non-monolithic pyrocarbon.Materials and methods To assess the reliability of the designs, a digital mathematical model of the head and liner implants with a monolithic and non-monolithic pyrocarbon component was built. After the manufacture of prototypes friction pairs, an assessment of the static load on bench tests was carried out.Results While analyzing the mathematical model, the construct of non‑monolithic pyrocarbon broke in one of the experiments, while the strength of the construct of monolithic pyrocarbon was 4.5 times higher than the stresses arising under load. While studying the maximum static load, the friction pair from monolithic pyrocarbon exceeded the maximum possible load in the human hip joint by 5 times.Discussion The studies allow us to be confident about the reliability of the design in in vitro studies, which will create conditions for reducing the number of revision surgeries after hip arthroplasty.Conclusion Based on the data obtained, the design of the head and liner of the hip joint endoprosthesis with a friction pair made of carbon material will provide high reliability under conditions of functioning in the hip joint at maximum loads. It serves as a prerequisite for conducting a clinical study of the proposed friction pair.

Incidence, associated disease burden and healthcare utilization due to Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infection in European hospitals: the COMBACTE-NET ARTHR-IS multi-centre study

The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence, associated disease burden and healthcare utilization due to Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infections (SA-PJI) after primary hip and knee arthroplasty in European centres. This study was conducted in patients who underwent primary hip and knee arthroplasty in 19 European hospitals between 2014 and 2016. The global incidence of PJI and SA-PJI was calculated. The associated disease burden was measured indirectly as infection-related mortality plus loss of function. For healthcare utilization, number and duration of hospitalizations, number and type of surgical procedures, duration of antibiotic treatments, and number of outpatient visits were collected. Subgroup and regression analyses were used to evaluate the impact of SA-PJI on healthcare utilization, controlling for confounding variables. The incidence of PJI caused by any micro-organism was 1.41%, and 0.40% for SA-PJI. Among SA-PJI, 20.7% were due to MRSA with substantial regional differences, and were more frequent in partial hip arthroplasty (PHA). Related deaths and loss of function occurred in 7.0% and 10.2% of SA-PJI cases, respectively, and were higher in patients with PHA. Compared with patients without PJI, patients with SA-PJI had a mean of 1.4 more readmissions, 25.1 more days of hospitalization, underwent 1.8 more surgical procedures, and had 5.4 more outpatient visits, controlling for confounding variables. Healthcare utilization was higher in patients who failed surgical treatment of SA-PJI. This study confirmed that the SA-PJI burden is high, especially in PHA, and provided a solid basis for planning interventions to prevent SA-PJI.

Consultant revision hip arthroplasty volumes and new consultant volume trajectories in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Isle of Man.

This study describes the variation in the annual volumes of revision hip arthroplasty (RHA) undertaken by consultant surgeons nationally, and the rate of accrual of RHA and corresponding primary hip arthroplasty (PHA) volume for new consultants entering practice. National Joint Registry (NJR) data for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Isle of Man were received for 84,816 RHAs and 818,979 PHAs recorded between April 2011 and December 2019. RHA data comprised all revision procedures, including first-time revisions of PHA and any subsequent re-revisions recorded in public and private healthcare organizations. Annual procedure volumes undertaken by the responsible consultant surgeon in the 12 months prior to every index procedure were determined. We identified a cohort of 'new' HA consultants who commenced practice from 2012 and describe their rate of accrual of PHA and RHA experience. The median annual consultant RHA volume, averaged across all cases, was 21 (interquartile range (IQR) 11 to 34; range 0 to 181). Of 1,695 consultants submitting RHA cases within the study period, the top 20% of surgeons by annual volume performed 74.2% of total RHA case volume. More than half of all consultants who had ever undertaken a RHA maintained an annual volume of just one or fewer RHA, however, collectively contributed less than 3% of the total RHA case volume. Consultant PHA and RHA volumes were positively correlated. Lower-volume surgeons were more likely to undertake RHA for urgent indications (such as infection) as a proportion of their practice, and to do so on weekends and public holidays. The majority of RHAs were undertaken by higher-volume surgeons. There was considerable variation in RHA volumes by indication, day of the week, and between consultants nationally. The rate of accrual of RHA experience by new consultants is low, and has important implications for establishing an experienced RHA consultant workforce.

Racial Differences in Patient Satisfaction With the Hospital Experience Undergoing Primary Unilateral Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study.

Press Ganey (PG) inpatient survey is widely used to track patient satisfaction with the hospital experience. Our aim was to use the PG survey to determine if there are racial differences in overall hospital experience and perception of nurses and surgeons following hip and knee arthroplasty. We retrospectively analyzed Black and White patients from hip and knee arthroplasty registries from a single institution between July 2010 and February 2012. The overall assessment score for the hospital experience and perception of the nurse and surgeon questions from the PG inpatient survey were dichotomized as "not completely satisfied" or "completely satisfied". Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to determine the impact of race on the likelihood of being 'completely satisfied' in the hip and knee cohorts. There were 2517 hip and 2114 knee patients who underwent surgery and completed the PG survey, of whom 3.9% were Black and 96.0% were White. Black patients were less likely to be completely satisfied with their hospital experience compared to White patients in the hip (odds ratio 0.62, confidence interval 0.39-1.00, P= .049) and knee (odds ratio 0.52, confidence interval 0.33-0.82, P= .005) cohorts. Black patients were also less likely to be completely satisfied with multiple aspects of care they received from the nurse and surgeon in both cohorts. We found that the PG Survey shows Black patients were less likely to be completely satisfied than White patients with the hospital experience, including their interactions with nurses and surgeons. More work is needed to understand this difference.

Impact of Zweymüller Stem Modification on Clinical and Radiological Outcomes

Background. According to the analysis of large arthroplasty registers we have noted the increase in the use of non-cemented implants, because the latter shows the same results of implant survival as well as cemented implants. On the other hand, they can affect the quality of the bone around the implant in different ways. These components differ in shape, length, and surface properties. According to the analysis of the arthroplasty register of the Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, a significant decrease of the Alloclassic femoral stem using can be noted. In parallel the use of its SL-PLUS MIA modification has increased significantly.&#x0D; Aims of the study: 1) to determine the influence of changes in the design of the Zweymller-type femoral stem on midterm and long-term outcomes and its survival; 2) to identify the characteristics of adaptive remodeling of periprosthetic bone tissue around these femoral stems; 3) to determine risk factors for aseptic loosening of these femoral stems.&#x0D; Methods. 492 cases of hip arthroplasty using the Alloclassic and SL-PLUS MIA femoral stems were observed, with an average follow-up 78.6 months. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the type of femoral stem. The assessment the hip articulation condition was carried out using the HHS and OHS. The intensity of the pain syndrome was assessed by VAS, and the level of patients satisfaction. The dynamic analysis of X-rays was also performed visually.&#x0D; Results. A significant improvement in clinical and functional results was observed according to the HHS and OHS in both groups of patients, regardless of the type of femoral stem. Analysis of X-rays over time showed differences in the behavior of these two femoral component models. The radiolucent lines around the femoral stem are absent in SL-PLUS MIA group, in Alloclassic stem group radiolucent lines are present even at a minimal period (12 months). We also found that a tight fit of Zweymller femoral stems in the distal shaft is a risk factor for severe stress-shielding syndrome, especially in the funnel channels. But ceteris paribus, a distal tight fit of SL-PLUS MIA stems despite similar geometry of the distal part does not lead to such frequent manifestation of severe stress shielding.&#x0D; Conclusion. The change in Zweymller stem design from Alloclassic to SL-PLUS MIA improved the nature of adaptive remodeling in the periprosthetic area of the femur. It may improve the long-term results of primary hip arthroplasty, but these differences require closer observation.

Accuracy of Personalized Computed Tomographic 3D Templating for Acetabular Cup Placement in Revision Arthroplasty.

Background: Revision hip arthroplasty presents a surgical challenge, necessitating meticulous preoperative planning to avert complications like periprosthetic fractures and aseptic loosening. Historically, assessment of the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) versus two-dimensional (2D) templating has focused exclusively on primary hip arthroplasty. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we examined the accuracy of 3D templating for acetabular revision cups in 30 patients who underwent revision hip arthroplasty. Utilizing computed tomography scans of the patients' pelvis and 3D templates of the implants (Aesculap Plasmafit, B. Braun; Aesculap Plasmafit Revision, B. Braun; Avantage Acetabular System, Zimmerbiomet, EcoFit 2M, Implantcast; Tritanium Revision, Stryker), we performed 3D templating and positioned the acetabular cup implants accordingly. To evaluate accuracy, we compared the planned sizes of the acetabular cups in 2D and 3D with the sizes implanted during surgery. Results: An analysis was performed to examine potential influences on templating accuracy, specifically considering factors such as gender and body mass index (BMI). Significant statistical differences (p < 0.001) in the accuracy of size prediction were observed between 3D and 2D templating. Personalized 3D templating exhibited an accuracy rate of 66.7% for the correct prediction of the size of the acetabular cup, while 2D templating achieved an exact size prediction in only 26.7% of cases. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2D and 3D templating methods regarding gender or BMI. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that 3D templating improves the accuracy of predicting acetabular cup sizes in revision arthroplasty when compared to 2D templating. However, it should be noted that the predicted implant size generated through 3D templating tended to overestimate the implanted implant size by an average of 1.3 sizes.

912 An Evaluation of Outcomes in G7 Dual Mobility Cup Arthroplasty for Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Single Centre Retrospective Study

Abstract Background Hip instability is one of the commonest complications of total hip replacement (THR) and remains a leading indication for revision surgery. The G7 Dual Mobility Cup (G7-DMC) was designed to improve hip stability and increase range of movement. Our study aims to look at the use of G7-DMC in patients with varying risk of dislocation, to observe rates of hip instability, as well as their short and long term post-operative outcomes. Method Between 2017 and 2021, 177 patients received a G7-DMC for primary hip arthroplasty. These patients were divided into three groups: elective surgery with low risk for dislocation, elective surgery with high risk of dislocation or THR for trauma. Outcome measures included dislocation rate, Oxford Hip Score (OHS), short- and long-term complications and revision surgery. Results One traumatic dislocation (1.9%) was seen in the high-risk group following a fall in the post-operative period, no dislocations were seen in the low-risk or trauma groups. No patients required revision surgery for dislocation or hip instability. OHS was significantly lower in the high-risk group (39.4 +/- 8.9) compared with low-risk (43.5 +/- 6.5) (P = 0.012), however no significant difference was seen against the trauma group (41.5 +/- 7.8). Long-term complications were similar in all three groups. Conclusions Despite higher rates of short-term complications and poorer OHS seen in the high-risk group of patients, no spontaneous dislocation or revision surgery for hip instability has been seen in any of the three groups. We therefore support its use in primary THR, particularly in those with high risk of dislocation.

Use of topical vancomycin powder in total joint arthroplasty: Why the current literature is inconsistent?

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare but terrible complication in hip and knee arthroplasty, and the use of topical vancomycin powder (VP) has been investigated as a tool to potentially reduce its incidence. However, there remains no consensus on its efficacy. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an overview on the application of topical vancomycin in orthopaedic surgery focusing on the recent evidence and results in total joint arthroplasty. Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses on topical VP in hip and knee arthroplasty have been recently published reporting sometimes conflicting results. Apart from all being limited by the quality of the included studies (mostly level III and IV), confounding variables are often included potentially leading to biased conclusions. If taken into consideration the exclusive use of VP in isolation, the available data, although very limited, suggest that it does not reduce the infection rate in routine primary hip and knee arthroplasty. Therefore, we still cannot advise for a routinary application. A properly powered randomized-controlled trial would be necessary to clarify the role of VP in hip and knee arthroplasty. Based on the analysis of the current evidence, the use of topical VP appears to be safe when used locally in terms of systemic adverse reactions, hence, if proven to be effective, it could bring great benefits due to its low cost and accessibility.

Current Practice Trends in Primary Hip and Knee Arthroplasties Among Members of the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons

During the 2022 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons, an audience response poll was conducted to establish current practice patterns among American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons members. There were 49 multiple-choice questions pertaining to routine practices surrounding primary total hip arthroplasties and primary total knee arthroplasties posed to over 4,000 in-person and 400 virtual meeting attendees. Responses were submitted via a mobile application (ie, app). Poll responses were collated and results from the 2022 poll were compared to poll results from 2009, 2018, and 2020.

Obesity and osteoarthritis - analysis of relationships in patients undergoing primary hip arthroplasty

With attention to the increasing onset of disease, the number of typical diseases of old age is also increasing. Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases that affect elderly people. It forces to introduce various methods of treatment, support the improvement of the benefits and quality of life of patients. If the disease is severely advanced, an effective treatment is to replace the joint which is destroy. The results of the study is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent hip arthroplasty in the first age of 2023.

Follow-up study of isolated calf muscular vein thrombosis for anticoagulant therapy after primary hip and knee arthroplasty.

Although isolated calf muscular vein thrombosis (ICMVT) is commonly seen after hip and knee arthroplasty, no treatment guidelines for ICMVT after joint replacement are available. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients with ICMVT for anticoagulant therapy at different time points after primary hip and knee arthroplasty. Patients with ICMVT after primary hip and knee arthroplasty were included in the study. Diagnosis was established with Doppler ultrasound. Patients were followed up clinically and with Doppler ultrasound at 1, 2, and 3months. The outcomes were efficacy (complete resolution) and acceptability (hemorrhagic events). Anticoagulant therapy at curative dosage was prescribed for 1month and was extended for 2 additional months in case of incomplete resolution at 1month or if propagation was present. The chi-square test was used to compare the outcomes at different time points. 302 patients were taken hip and knee arthroplasty from January 2021 to May 2022, in which 51 patients presented with 51 ICMVTs postoperatively. The incidence of ICMVT was about 16.89%. Resolution of ICMVT was considered complete at 1, 2, and 3months at 36.73%, 61.22%, and 91.84%, respectively, with significant differences among the time points (P < 0.05). All patients with ICMVT receiving anticoagulant therapy remained free of propagations and hemorrhagic events within 3months. Our findings provide new insights into the anticoagulant therapy for ICMVT after primary hip and knee arthroplasty, taking oral Rivaroxaban for 3months is effective and safe, which contributes to provide the reference for clinical practice.

Socioeconomic inequalities in patient-reported outcome measures of Dutch primary hip and knee arthroplasty patients for osteoarthritis

To study socio-economic inequalities in patient-reported outcomes in primary hip and knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) patients for osteoarthritis, using two analytical techniques. We obtained data from 44,732 THA and 30,756 TKA patients with preoperative and 12-month follow-up PROMs between 2014 and 2020 from the Dutch Arthroplasty Registry. A deprivation indicator based on neighborhood income, unemployment rate, and education level was linked and categorized into quintiles. The primary outcome measures were the EQ-5D-3L index and Oxford Hip/Knee Score (OHS/OKS) preoperative, at 12-month follow-up, and the calculated change score between these measurements. We contrasted the most and least deprived quintiles using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for patient characteristics. Concurrently, we calculated concentration indices as a non-arbitrary tool to quantify inequalities. Compared to the least deprived, the most deprived THA patients had poorer preoperative (EQ-5D -0.03 (95%CI -0.02, -0.04), OHS -1.26 (-0.99, -1.52)) and 12-month follow-up health (EQ-5D -0.02 (-0.01, -0.02), OHS -0.42 (-0.19, -0.65)), yet higher mean change (EQ-5D 0.02 (0.01, 0.03), OHS 0.84 (0.52, 1.16)). The most deprived TKA patients had similar results. The higher mean change among the deprived resulted from lower preoperative health in this group (confounding). After accounting for this, the most deprived patients had a lower mean change. The concentration indices showed similar inequality effects and provided information on the magnitude of inequalities over the entire socio-economic range. The most deprived THA and TKA patients have worse preoperative health, which persisted after surgery. The concentration indices allow comparison of inequalities across different outcomes (e.g., revision risk).