Priego De Cordoba Research Articles

Comprehensive design of the 3D printing process for architectural models. A case study: the medieval walled enclosure of Priego De Cordoba (E1:200)

AbstractNowadays, an object can be viewed both physically and virtually. In both cases, the visualization process consists in a continuous variation of the observer’s perspective. When looking at objects, visual interactivity is achieved by the tandem formed by human vision and the position of the observer. 3D technology allows the viewer to delve into this aspect: starting from a virtual reconstruction. It is possible to go from the virtual 3D reconstruction of a model shown on a display to a real element materialized by means of a scale model or prototype. The innovation of this research lies in the development of an efficient method for printing 3D models, with a specific emphasis on material and time savings. This study aims to obtain the three-dimensional physical model of the walled enclosure of the city of Priego de Córdoba in the Middle Ages, at its time of greatest historical development, i.e., in the late 15th century. To this end, 3D printing technology was applied, which is an innovative method for the realization of architectural scale models. The performance of 3D printers, with different printing formats, was evaluated in terms of efficiency and quality of the architectural scale models. Our theoretical assumption showed that material saving is determined by the orography slopes of the model. Obtaining slopes with values in the range of 1–5%, a large format printer is the most suitable option; in the range of 5–15%, the medium format printer is recommended; and, for a slope greater than 15%, the small format printer should be used.

Documentación 3D para la conservación del patrimonio histórico: el castillo de Priego de Córdoba

<p class="VARKeywords">One of the main objectives of heritage management policies is to promote measures aimed at the maintenance, restoration and enhancement of cultural and archaeological assets. To guarantee this, the responsible institutions must promote actions for the dissemination and transference of cultural heritage, as well as promoting actions with the greatest possible rigour, developing scientific and technical studies that support and improve intervention methods. Recent technological advances in fields such as photogrammetry, digital terrestrial scanning and 3D modelling have made a significant contribution to the digital preservation and dissemination of architectural heritage.</p><p class="VARKeywords">European administrations, in their desire of regional development, as well as the central or local governments have notably boosted the recovery of their rich and diverse heritage. A particular case is Priego de Cordoba’s Castle, a stronghold which was one of the most important monumental icons of the Andalusian period.</p><p class="VARKeywords">Currently, this site is the main target of many architectural interventions and a model due to the implementation of last generation techniques in digital preservation. The local archaeological department promotes a large number of interventions and archaeological excavations. This has made a priority to get a qualitative geometrical 3D documentation, and therefore a constantly updated the point cloud (xyzRGB).</p><p class="VARKeywords">This paper is focussed on presenting the results of the digital preservation process through 2D planimetry obtained from photogrammetric technics, 3D models, and geospatial data. These techniques are a previous step to large architectonical intervention planned in Priego de Cordoba’s Castle, in particular, the identified structures as Wall 1 and Tower 1.</p><p class="VARKeywords">Two out of the three studied structures can be found in Wall 1. They correspond to a cobblestone pavement located in the rampart of the Wall 1, which is a post-medieval period; a double-stepped semi-underground path, excavated in the infill of the wall. The third structure studied in this paper consists of a well, which drills vertically the infill of the wall of the Tower 1. This feature is interpreted in the last research as a vertical well to place the weights of the clock sited in this tower until the 19th century.</p><p class="VARKeywords">This work combines two techniques of geometric documentation to obtain a more complete point cloud. The terrestrial laser scanning, and the photogrammetry due to the higher colour performance, along with the completion of the point cloud obtained with the laser scanner. Along with this study, we will analyse the features which will better define the best technique to fit the documentation of the different structures. Their geometric characteristics, the incidence of sunlight or the accessibility will condition the use and choice of the technique.</p><p class="VARKeywords">We have stated that there is software nowadays which makes it easier to access and consult the information through new computing hardware. Besides, we have highlighted the importance of knowledge and synergy from the different stakeholders implied (city council, technological centre and private companies). The final goal consists of making the society aware of the capital importance of digital preservation as well as dissemination of science.</p>

Analysis of mortars from the castle keep in Priego de Cordoba (Spain)

Mortar specimens from the castle keep in the Spanish town of Priego de Cordoba were examined by X-ray and Raman spectroscopies with a view to its restoration. The keep mortars and its masonry were found to consist basically of lime. The stones showed signs of deterioration by effect of fungal action on carbonate substrates. Additionally, the mortars contained ground local rocks as aggregate material.

Mediando relaciones. Redes sociales y cambio político a finales del Antiguo Régimen

A través de un análisis microhistórico centrado en una agrociudad andaluza (Priego de Córdoba), este artículo aporta elementos para una historia social de la mediación a finales del Antiguo Régimen. Enfoca, por un lado, las estrategias de un intermediario especializado en el trato con la Real Chancilleria de Granada, y, por otro, su posición dentro del municipio. Con ello, se exponen las interacciones entre las redes locales, el desarrollo de una cultura jurídica más profesionalizada y la creciente importancia de las instancias judiciales dependientes de la Corona en la sociedad española del siglo XVIII. El autor concluye que la reorganización de las relaciones burocráticas según un modelo clientelar iba configurando formas peculiares de estatalidad. Sin embargo, ésto no era la característica de un mundo rural tradicional, sino, al contrario, parte de estrategias eficientes y racionales a su manera, que permitían participar de manera activa en la formación de un espacio político nacional

El ámbar de la Cueva de los Cuarenta (Priego de Córdoba, Córdoba)

La presencia de objetos exóticos en contextos arqueológicos y los intercambios a larga distancia que estos implican es uno de los temas que despierta más interés en la discusión arqueológica. En este artículo presentamos el estudio de una cuenta o colgante hallado en contextos neolíticos de la Cueva de los Cuarenta (Priego de Córdoba). Se trata del único elemento de adorno presente en la cueva, en la que se ha documentado un número mínimo de 41 inhumaciones datadas a lo largo del IV milenio cal ANE. Se presenta la información contextual del hallazgo así como su caracterización arqueométrica mediante Espectroscopía de Infrarrojos por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR). El análisis de la pieza muestra que se trata de una cuenta de ámbar realizada con material foráneo, similar al empleado en las producciones de ámbar posteriores como las de Valencina de la Concepción (Sevilla). Al igual que en estos casos, se propone la procedencia exógena de la materia prima empleada, siendo Sicilia el origen más plausible a día de hoy, lo cual contribuirá al debate sobre las implicaciones que estos materiales foráneos pudieron tener en las sociedades prehistóricas peninsulares.

Use of Raman microspectroscopy to characterize wallpaintings in Cerro de las Cabezas and the Roman villa of Priego de Cordoba (Spain)

The analysis by Raman microscopy of several wallpainting fragments found at an archaeological site in Fuente Tojar and in the Roman villa of Priego de Cordoba, both in southern Spain, revealed that the most abundant colours in them were obtained from the usual pigments of the time. Thus, red corresponded to red ochre, which consisted of hematite mainly. Also, yellow came from yellow ochre (goethite), blue from Egyptian blue, and grey hues were obtained from mixtures of coal and calcite occasionally also containing gypsum. The components of some pigments were confirmed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The two spectroscopic techniques were additionally used to examine the mortars and the preparatory layer present in the fragments.

Poética, tradición y didáctica en las canciones de los mecedores

Los cantos de mecedores son canciones tradicionales universales, que, dentro de la tradición folclórica de los pueblos hispánicos, no han sido muy estudiados. Este trabajo de investigación aporta un conjunto de etnotextos recopilados en los pueblos almerienses de Adra, Roquetas de Mar y Suflí, así como en Priego de Córdoba, Cádiz y Málaga, e intenta insertarlos dentro de una poética, una tradición y algunas propuestas didácticas que nos hagan conocer y comprender mejor una parte de la literatura oral bastante desconocida, además de recordar una parte del legado musical oral de nuestros antepasados que nos explica en cierto modo de dónde venimos.

El turísmo gastronómico y las Denominaciones de origen en el sur de España: Oleoturísmo. Un estudio de caso

In the recent years an increasing of the demand of gastronomic tourism has been produced in Spain (over all in relation to wine-tourism and oil-tourism). In order to answer to this increasing, pro- tected origin denominations which are certificated and the gastronomic routes which are created are emerging more every time. The latest ones have become in a means to join sinergies among the rural areas dedicated to the agriculture with low levels of taxes and tourism, which looks for being in relation with regional food, generating additional incomes in those agricultural areas. In this research a study is presented to analyse the offer and the demand in the oil-tourism in a concrete geographic area, the route that belongs to the origin denomination of Priego de Cordoba.

Flowering phenology of Mediterranean Quercus species in different locations (Córdoba, SW Iberian Peninsula).

ABSTRACT. Flowering phenology of Mediterranean Quercus species in different locations (Córdoba, SW Iberian Peninsula). Periodical qualitative and quantitative checking of flowering phases was carried out over six growing seasons (1997-2002) for the three Mediterranean Quercus species found in Sierra Morena (Córdoba, SW Spain): Q. ilex L. ssp. ballota (Desf.) Samp., Q. coccifera L. and Q. suber L. A total of 60 individuals were selected. Additionally, 30 Quercus ilex ssp. ballota individuals were selected and studied in Sierras Subbéticas (Priego de Córdoba, SW Spain) in 1999 and 2000. Morphological changes occurring at different points in each phenological phase were charted. Among species differences were found for inflorescences/male and female flowers, in terms of the phenological flowering sequence. Male inflorescences displayed a more homogeneous development. All individuals and populations were proterandrous. Phenological trends and ranges were charted. Although trends varied with species and year, the overall phenological trend seemed to fit a sigmoid curve in all cases, increasing with phenological development. Shorter ranges were obtained in years with warmer springs, and longer ranges in colder years. Moreover, phenological range differed as a function of species and location. In general, Q. ilex ssp. ballota flowered earlier than the rest, Q. suber displaying the latest flowering period. Individuals located at lower altitudes and facing the sun flowered earlier, followed in most years by those located at higher altitudes. Thus, Q. ilex ssp. ballota flowered earlier in Sierra Morena than in the higher-altitude Sierras Subbéticas.Key words. Flowering, Quercus, reproductive phenology, range, tendency.RESUMEN. Fenología floral de tres especies mediterráneas de Quercus en diferentes localidades (Córdoba, Suroeste Península Ibérica). Se ha realizado un seguimiento periódico cuantitativo y cualitativo de las fenofases florales de tres especies mediterráneas de Quercus localizadas en Sierra Morena (Córdoba, suroeste de España) por un periodo total de seis años (1997-2002): Q. ilex L. ssp. ballota (Desf.) Samp., Q. coccifera L. y Q. suber L. Se seleccionaron un total de 60 individuos de las tres especies. Adicionalmente, un total de 30 individuos de Quercus ilex ssp. ballota fueron seleccionados y estudiados en las Sierras Subbéticas (Priego de Córdoba, suroeste de España) durante los años 1999 y 2000. Se estudiaron los cambios morfológicos ocurridos en cada fase fenológica. Se encontraron diferencias en el desarrollo fenológico entre inflorescencias/flores masculinas y femeninasen las diferentes especies estudiadas. Las inflorescencias masculinas mostraron un desarrollo más homogéneo. Todos los individuos y las poblaciones fueron proterandros. Las tendencias y amplitudes fenológicas fueron representadas gráficamente. Aunque las tendencias variaron en función de la especie y el año considerado, la tendencia general en todos los casos, se asemejó a una curva sigmoide aumentando su pendiente a medida que avanza su desarrollo fenológico. Las amplitudes fenológicas más cortas se obtuvieron los años con primaveras más cálidas, y las mayores en las más frías. Además, la amplitud fenológica fue diferente en función de la especie y la localización de los individuos. En general, Q. ilex ssp. ballota floreció antes que el resto, Q. suber presentó el periodo de floración más tardío. Los individuos localizados a menores altitudes y los dispuestos en dirección al sol florecieron antes, seguidos la mayoría de los años por aquéllos situados en altitudes mayores. De esta forma, Q. ilex ssp. ballota floreció antes en Sierra Morena que en las Sierras Subbéticas situadas a mayor altitud.Palabras clave. Floración, Quercus, fenología reproductiva, amplitud, tendencia

<i>Qarṭaŷanna</i> y <i>Bāguh</i>, cecas almohades, y la hipótesis de las

A huge hoard of Almohad ( Muwaḥḥid ) coins was found in Priego de Cordoba (Cordoba, Spain) in 1959. It contains several thousands of silver coins and is kept in the Archeological and Ethnological Museum of Cordoba. The hoard provides archeological evidences that Qarṭaŷanna and Bāguh, so far unregistered in Almohad coins, must be added to the list of Andalusi mints of that period. After identifying the two names of towns as Cartagena (Murcia, Spain) and Priego de Cordoba, the hypothesis that the Almohad authorities issued series of coins as commemoration of relevant political or religious events is maintained.

Human mitochondrial DNA diversity in an archaeological site inal-Andalus: Genetic impact of migrations from North Africa in medieval Spain

Mitochondrial DNA sequences and restriction fragment polymorphisms were retrieved from three Islamic 12th-13th century samples of 71 bones and teeth (with >85% efficiency) from Madinat Baguh (today called Priego de Cordoba, Spain). Compared with 108 saliva samples from the present population of the same area, the medieval samples show a higher proportion of sub-Saharan African lineages that can only partially be attributed to the historic Muslim occupation. In fact, the unique sharing of transition 16175, in L1b lineages, with Europeans, instead of Africans, suggests a more ancient arrival to Europe from Africa. The present day Priego sample is more similar to the current south Iberian population than to the medieval sample from the same area. The increased gene flow in modern times could be the main cause of this difference.

Dolerites intrusives dans le Lias et le Dogger d'Andalousie: leurs differenciations pegmatitiques alcalines et aureoles de metamorphisme

Abstract Three newly-discovered occurrences of upper Dogger (?) (middle Jurassic) dolerite in upper Lias to Dogger (Jurassic) formations of the Priego de Cordoba area of southern Spain resemble other dolerites of the region. The Las Navas dike and the Buitron sills are in Dogger marl, and the Las Lomas sill is in upper Lias (lower Jurassic) limestone. The contact metamorphic zones are proportional to the thickness of the tabular bodies, and exhibit only thermal characteristics. The thick Las Lomas sill transformed the initial six meters of overlying limestone to garnetiferous marble. Leucocratic enclaves of pegmatite are characterized by about 58 percent SiO <sub>2</sub> as contrasted with about 50 percent in the dolerite.