Market Price Research Articles

Seasonal Behaviour of Arrivals and Prices of Major Crops in Krishi Upaj Mandis of Chhattisgarh, India

Chhattisgarh state is famous for its forest wealth and mineral resources and there is abundant production of crops. According to total area of crops, Paddy (77.47 percent) and Chickpea (5.43 percent) are major crops of Chhattisgarh state. Arrivals and price data (Year 2014-15 to 2023-24) of major crops were collected from website of Chhattisgarh state Mandi Board. The study was observed that the peak arrivals & price of paddy were started in the same months November to January in both market (KUM, Bemetra & KUM, Bhatapara) except peak price season starts in August to October with narrow difference in KUM, Bhatapara. In case of Chickpea, the peak arrivals and price started in the month of March to May & September to November, respectively. The Price stability of both crops (paddy & Chickpea) was higher in KUM, Bhatapara as compared to KUM, Bemetra. The less price fluctuation of paddy as compared to chickpea in Chhattisgarh state due to purchasing directly to farmers by the Government with Minimum Support Price (MSP) and also provided the Bonus. The study was suggested that the economic development of farmers in state, the government should purchase agricultural products other than paddy and cooperate in setting up dal mills & processing units. Necessary steps should be taken to increase of marketable surplus and development of community level threshing area. The study was importance in knowing the market behaviour and price fluctuation during the peak season and the major reason behind. The studies also throw light on the aspect how to enrich the economic condition of the farmers.

A Novel NLP-based Stock Market Price Prediction and Risk Analysis Framework

Stock market prediction is an interesting and complex problem that has recently been in the limelight, thanks to the significant accuracy achieved by deep learning models. However, a complete platform with prediction and risk analysis ability is unavailable. In the current work, we present a novel framework for investment analysis designed to create ease for investors and provide a confidence measure along with the stock price to depict the risk involved in investing in stocks of a particular company. The model integrates two different approaches successfully to improve accuracy significantly. The model inputs two sources – a stock price dataset depicting the original scores as numerals and textual data extracted from Reddit news articles. The traditional problem of stock price prediction is dealt with using LSTMs on individual stock prices. At the same time, the confidence is represented by a risk value calculated intelligently using XGBoost and LSTM output. We have deployed natural language processing techniques for performing sentiment and subjectivity analyses, which are then used to extract features for further investigation in the study. The results show that an accuracy of 94% for stock trend prediction can be achieved using PCA as the feature extractor with tuned parameters for XGBoost and around 76% accuracy for stock price prediction with a tuned LSTM. It removes the hassle for investors to research the project or company they want to invest in and provides all relevant analysis and data.

Preposterous Pricing: A Case of the Secondary Market for the Playstation 5

Volatile market conditions, likely caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, have caused a highly active secondary market for the Sony PlayStation 5 on online marketplaces since the console’s launch on 12th November 2020. Those who have purchased a console have found it profitable to resell it at premium prices on online auction websites, such as eBay. This research aims to use eBay’s online marketplace to gauge what factors impact consumers’ willingness to pay for the console in secondary markets. Our results show that aspects of console listings, such as the edition and included accessories, largely explain variation in final secondary market prices. Secondly, sellers’ reputation management does not appear to be crucial for business in online marketplaces.

Determining the Influence of Real Estate Features on Prices with Partial Dependence Plots: A Case Study in Szczecin, Poland

Abstract The study explores the application of Partial Dependence Plots (PDP) in the analysis of real estate features. The study centers on a selected real estate market in Szczecin, Poland, aiming to highlight the efficacy of PDP in understanding and interpreting the complex relationships between various features and property prices. The primary objective is to showcase the potential of PDP in capturing the nuanced interactions between real estate attributes and their impact on market prices. The CatBoost model, known for its robust handling of categorical features and strong predictive capabilities, is employed as the machine learning algorithm for this analysis. The performance of this model will be compared against a traditional multiple linear regression model, providing insights into the advantages of leveraging advanced machine learning techniques in real estate analysis. Results obtained from the analysis will be presented and discussed, shedding light on the interpretability and accuracy of the CatBoost model compared to the traditional linear regression approach. The presentation will conclude with implications for real estate practitioners and researchers, emphasizing the potential for PDP to enhance the transparency and understanding of complex models in the real estate domain. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the application of advanced machine learning techniques in real estate analysis.

Interactive Relationship of Exchange Rates with Gold and Silver Prices in Domestic versus Global Markets

Interactive Relationship of Exchange Rates with Gold and Silver Prices in Domestic versus Global Markets

ASSESSING YOUTH INVOLVEMENT IN AGRICULTURE IN YOLA-NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ADAMAWA STATE

The study examined youth involvement in agriculture in Yola-North Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Data were collected from 230 farmers using a well-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that the most (52.61%) of respondents were male, with an average age of 21 years. Most respondents (55.22%) were single with an average household size of 4 persons. Educationally, 2.61% had primary education, 7.39% had secondary education, 52.61% had diploma, and 37.39% had HND/Degree, indicating that all the respondents were educated. Additionally, most respondents earned between N40,000 and N200,000 annually. Factors influencing youth participation in agriculture revealed that age and sex were positive and significant at 1% level (P<0.01), while educational level was negative but significant at 10% level (P<0.1). Constraints identified included lack of government assistance, insufficient capital, poor road access, inadequate feed supply, poor extension services, and poor marketing prices. Sex (male) and age were positively associated with youth participation in agriculture, whereas the lack of government support was a significant barrier preventing youth from engaging in agricultural activities. The study recommends that inputs such as agrochemicals and credit should be made available on time and at subsidized rates by both governmental and non-governmental organizations to make agriculture more appealing to youths. Furthermore, the government or relevant institutions should strictly monitor and supervise any development or empowerment initiatives to prevent mismanagement by involved dignitaries.

Import licenses, intermediaries, and price pass-through: Evidence from the Chinese steel market

This study examines the impact of abolishing the exclusive license of importing iron ore on price pass-through in the Chinese steel market. We model the intermediate traders' role in alleviating market uncertainties, which have a critical impact on price pass-through. In addition, we leverage the monthly iron ore import prices and steel market prices in Chinese cities, and employ a difference-in-difference framework to empirically analyze the impact of the import license reform on price pass-through. We show that the reform on average reduces the price pass-through by 15 percentage points, which is around 3 points further in treated cities. Our findings imply the price pass-through hinges on market uncertainties, and the reform, although eliminating double marginalization, makes downstream steel producers have to face market uncertainties directly, and results in a lower price pass-through.

Research on the evolutionary game of government and enterprises in carbon emission reduction under multi-market coordinated trading

The three primary markets for carbon emission reduction trading are green certificate, green power, and carbon emission right markets. This paper suggests utilizing game theory to analyze the behaviors of government and enterprises in multi-market synergistic trading. The main participants in the game are the government, electricity consuming enterprises, traditional power generators, and new energy power generators. The game model will be simulated using system dynamics, and recommendations and measures will be proposed. The findings indicate that: (1) the government's ultimate strategy is to “act” when the losses resulting from government inaction exceed the gains from government action. (2) Behavioral evolution is consistent when market participants refrain from adjusting their cost inputs in response to fluctuations in market prices. (3) The market price is not as high as possible, but too high a price inhibits emission reduction. The behavioral evolution of carbon emission reduction in multiple markets is revealed in this study, which is of great importance in the promotion of carbon emission reduction.

Investigating the price determinants of the European Emission Trading System: a non-parametric approach

Understanding the intricacies of factors influencing European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS) market prices is paramount for effective policy making and strategy implementation. We propose the use of the Information Imbalance, a non-parametric measure recently introduced in the physics community for quantifying the degree to which a set of variables is informative with respect to another one, to study the relationships among macroeconomic, economic, uncertainty, and energy variables concerning EU ETS price between January 2014 and April 2023. Our analysis shows that in Phase 3, commodity-related variables such as the ERIX index are the most informative in explaining the behaviour of the EU ETS market price. Transitioning to Phase 4, financial fluctuations take centre stage, with the uncertainty in the EUR/CHF exchange rate emerging as a crucial determinant. These results reflect the disruptive impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the energy crisis in reshaping the importance of the different variables. In addition to highlighting the shift in influential factors between Phase 3 and Phase 4, our findings underscore how macroeconomic volatility and energy disruptions have altered market dynamics. Notably, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the volatility in financial markets and fluctuations in energy demand and supply significantly affected the predictive power of different variables. Moreover, the energy crisis amplified the sensitivity of EU ETS prices to energy-related factors, reinforcing the importance of incorporating multiple dimensions into market analysis. Beyond variable analysis, we also propose to leverage the Information Imbalance to address the problem of mixed-frequency forecasting, and we identify the weekly time scale as the most informative for predicting the EU ETS price. Finally, we show how the Information Imbalance can be effectively combined with Gaussian Process regression for efficient nowcasting and forecasting using very small sets of highly informative predictors.

Determinants of net value added to produced and processed paddy rice in South East, Nigeria

The study principally examined the determinants of net value added to produced and processed paddy rice in South east Nigeria It specifically, identified the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, analyzed the determinants of net value added to produced and processed paddy rice as well as ascertained the constraints to processed and produced paddy rice. Multi-stage sampling technique involving purposive and random sampling methods was used to select 240 respondents. Primary data were collected on rain-fed production season using structured questionnaires administered to the respondents by personal interview. Descriptive statistics,, multiple regression and principal component analysis were used to analyze the data. Results obtained showed that gender distribution of the respondents was 63%males and 38% females. More respondents are between the ages of 41-50 and31-40 respectively and house hold size of 4-6 .Farming experience showed that 136 respondents representing 57% had engaged in the business between 11-20yrs.The results also showed that 67% of the respondents accessed farm credit while 25% did not.66% of the respondents belonged to farmers association while 75% were not visited by extension agents. Variables (age, gender, years in school, household size, years of experience, training/extension visits, costs incurred, value addition technique and market price) significantly influenced the net value added while marital status, membership of cooperative, and access to credit did not. Constraints to paddy producers and processors were accessibility to farm machine, poor infrastructure and scarcity/high cost of labor, low access to credit/grant; low proactive measures to flood and drought control; insufficient knowledge of agro-chemicals, and late provision of essential training and services; and processors: use of outdated rice milling machines, high cost of modern rice processing machines, low access to modern rice processing machineries and low acceptability of local rice. Recommendations include; establishment of farm machinery hiring centers for producers and supply of modern rice milling machines to rice processing clusters, development of dams and irrigable lands, training and re-training on access to fund, utilization of biodegradable wastes from paddy rice, proactive measures of flood and drainage control, adequate use of agro-chemicals, use of modem techniques, and involvement of National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control in quality control. Keywords: Agriculture, Paddy Rice, Value Addition, Nigeria.

Research On the Impact of Stock Market Price Fluctuations on Corporate Financing Costs

The fluctuation of stock market prices is one of the research areas that has attracted much attention in the current financial market. As the core of the stock market, price fluctuations not only affect investors’ investment returns, but also increase the financing costs of enterprises. This article delves into the factors that affect stock market price fluctuations, analyzes the impact of stock market price fluctuations on corporate financing costs, and further proposes corresponding suggestions to promote sustainable development of enterprises and stable operation of financial markets.

Study on Supply Chain Rearrangement to Improve Supply Chain Performance of Sambal Sauce in Company X Case Study using the Enterprise Architecture Design method that utilizes Industrial Revolution 4.0 Technology based on Hybrid Technology

Company X is a large enough producer of Sambal Sauce to supply Meatball traders in Indonesia. Many problems in this supply chain include the occurrence of unhealthy competition between internal networks, both between agents and other networks that intersect between supply regions, market prices are not uniform, the availability of field products is not maintained, the uncertainty of delivery from the previous supply from the Supply Chain, high Debts and Receivables from Distributors, the certainty of product delivery to the Supply Chain from Producers, The certainty and stability of the delivery of Sambal Sauce Raw Materials to the Factory, unstable quality of raw materials, and many other problems. Of course, this needs to be fixed immediately, considering that it will be a turning point for product returns if this problem continues. The following is a deeper study of what and why this happens, how to solve the problem, and concrete efforts to solve the problem analytically using the Enterprise Architecture Design method by utilizing Hybrid Technology-based Industrial Revolution 4.0 Technology.

DETERMINING AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE PREMIUMS USING THE BLACK-SCHOLES APPROACH BASED ON LINEAR REGRESSION OF POTATO PRODUCTION AND PRICES

Price fluctuations, which often occur in the agricultural sector, cause farmers to experience losses when selling prices are not balanced with production costs. The government is trying to minimize farmers' losses by issuing an agricultural insurance program. One of the problems with agricultural insurance is determining the premium that farmers must pay so as not to disadvantage the insurance company. This paper explores the price of insurance premiums associated with potato cultivation in West Java, Indonesia. In addition, this research analyzes the factors that influence prices by focusing on the relationship between potato production levels and market prices. Therefore, a comprehensive data set of potato production data and associated prices is used. Regression analysis, as a statistical technique, is used to model the relationships. The Black-Scholes method then uses the obtained result to determine insurance premiums. This method is used due to a theoretical framework for pricing options that allows selecting an option's fair price using a structured, defined methodology that has been tried and tested. The premium values that depend on the trigger value are then obtained with a range of prices between IDR 5,687,670 and IDR 18,067,953 for an insured amount of IDR 39,403,000 per contract period. The premium price range allows farmers to choose the right agricultural insurance policy. It also allows insurance companies to determine insurance premiums for potato cultivation.

Soliton wave profiles and dynamical analysis of fractional Ivancevic option pricing model

This study dynamically investigates the mathematical Ivancevic option pricing governing system in terms of conformable fractional derivative, which illustrates a confined Brownian motion identified with a non-linear Schrödinger type equation. This model describes the controlled Brownian motion that comes with a non-linear Schrödinger type equation. The solution to comprehend the market price fluctuations for the suggested model is developed through the application of a mathematical strategy. The modified Kudryashov analytical method is applied to find the fractional analytical exact soliton solution. The restrictions on the parameters required for these solutions to exist were also the result of this approach. The dynamical insights are examined and significant aspects of the phenomenon under study are discussed through the use of the bifurcation analysis. In the related dynamical system, the phase portraits of market price fluctuations are displayed at equilibrium points and for different parameter values. Additionally, the chaos analysis was carried out to show the quasi-periodic and periodic chaotic patterns. In order to track changes in market price, the sensitivity analysis of the studied model is also looked at and presented at different initial conditions. It was discovered that the model experienced price fluctuations as a result of minute changes in initial conditions.

APPLICATION OF THE EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE TO THE CALCULATION OF EDUCATION INSURANCE PREMIUMS FOR VILLAGE-OWNED ENTERPRISES (BUMDes)

Program Education plays a vital role in improving human resources. But on the other hand, education costs are not cheap. For this reason, people need to prepare education funds from an early age. One way is to take part in an education insurance program. This is a business opportunity that a village-owned enterprise (BUMDes) can run by offering education insurance services to the public. This research aims to develop and use programming software to calculate education insurance premiums offered by BUMDes. The method used is The Equivalence Principle method. Based on the case study, the premium price calculated using software that has been developed is very competitive – below market price, depending on the interest rate and fees charged.

Benefit-Cost Analyses of Hearing Aids, Over-the-Counter Hearing Devices, and Hearing Care Services.

Limited accessibility to hearing health care threatens healthy aging in place for older adults with hearing loss. A willingness-to-pay (WTP) approach was used to determine benefits and value of prescription advanced digital technology (ADT) hearing aids, over-the-counter (OTC) hearing devices, and rehabilitative services using benefit-cost analyses. This study was a cross-sectional survey with chart review of hearing aid users at two independent audiology practices. Seventy hearing aid users (response rate: 15.6%) provided their WTP for ADT prescription hearing aids, OTC hearing devices, and hearing rehabilitative services. Benefit-cost ratios and net social benefit were calculated using deterministic and exploratory approaches. Point estimates for benefit-cost ratios and net social benefit were derived using bootstrap sampling with replacement (N = 5,000). Median WTP for ADT prescription hearing aids and rehabilitative services were $2,000 and $250, respectively. WTP was lowest for OTC devices (Mdn = $0; maximum = $500). Benefit-cost ratios and net social benefit for ADT prescription hearing aids, OTC devices, and hearing rehabilitative services favored these interventions when out-of-pocket costs remained low. Benefit-cost analyses also produced results favoring prescription ADT hearing aid intervention with costs as high as $1,530 per device. WTP results indicated that all interventions under study have a measurable consumer-perceived benefit. Results of benefit-cost analyses favored the interventions but only when costs were lower than market prices. The benefit-cost analysis results for hearing care services underscore their value when provided as part of a comprehensive rehabilitative plan that may inform future health policy changes.

Family Farm Resilience during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: Case Studies on Organic and Conventional Farming

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought additional stressors to Indonesian family farms, which are already subject to drought, flood, landslide, pest attack, and market price fluctuations. This study aims to analyse family farms’ resilience to the stressors caused by the COVID-19 pandemic using Henry’s family resilience model. Applying a qualitative approach, this study collected data using focus group discussions in two villages in East Java and a village in Center Java. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. We discovered that stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic are lower demand on agricultural products and lower income among farmers. Organic and conventional farmers have different protection and vulnerability factors. Organic farmers are able to reach buyers directly using social media amid COVID-19 restrictions while conventional farmers still rely on sales through middlemen. The adaptive process of farming families is influenced by social psychological factors within the family such as meaning, emotion, control, and maintenance systems. This study suggests that family farmers have to be empowered in terms of their innovative production in current stressors and increase their access to the market as a priority for agricultural extension programmes.

An Empirical Study on Asset Pricing Models Based on The Chinese A-Share Market

Based on the analysis of the A-share markets in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2000 to 2023, this paper systematically evaluates the applicability and explanatory power of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the Fama-French Three-Factor Model (FF3) and the Fama-French Five-Factor Model (FF5) in the Chinese market. The study finds that although CAPM has some explanatory power in the early stage, the three-factor and five-factor models can better explain the cross-sectional changes in stock returns as the market develops. In the descriptive statistics, each factor's volatility and correlation reveal the Chinese market's unique characteristics, such as the relative strength of small-cap and growth stocks. In the regression analysis, the results of the Fama-MacBeth regression showed that the significance and explanatory power of the market factor, size factor and value factor were different in different models. Further robustness analysis reveals the COVID-19's impact on the model's performance through the sub-period analysis. This paper provides a new perspective on understanding the asset pricing of China's A-share market and a theoretical basis for investors' investment decisions. It also points out the limitations of existing models in explaining emerging market equity returns. It suggests that future research can deeply explore the performance of more factors in different market environments.

Influence of Plant Density and Fungicides on Downy Mildew (<i>Peronospora Destructor</i>) and Bulb Yield of Onion in Ethiopia

Onion is a popular vegetable crop, which has been produced for its daily uses and economic benefits. Downey mildew caused by the fungus <i>Peronospora</i> <i>destructor</i> is among the most important yield-reducing factor in onion production. The effect of three different levels of plant population and fungicide frequency with two different fungicides was studied on downy mildew severity and yield of onion. Nineteen treatment of this Experiment included two fungicides mancozeb + metalaxyl and copper hydrox-ide, three different spraying interval with (10 days, 15 days and 21 days) and three level of plant population (0.71, 0.95 and 1.2 million plants/ha). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications for two year at Fogera and for one year at Dera districts of South Gondar zone Ethiopia. Data on disease severity, bulb yield, bulb number and bulb size were recorded during the time of harvest. The price of bulb yield was assessed from the local market and the total price of the yield obtained from each treatment was computed on hectare basis. Input costs like seed, fungicides and labor were converted into hectare basis according to their frequencies used. Fungicides cost was estimated based on the price of the local market. Cost of the labor was in Birr per man-days; cost of spray and spray equipment to spray per hectare were also calculated. Based on the obtained data from the above mentioned parameters economic analysis was performed. The lowest disease severity was recorded in treatment were lowest level of plant population (0.71 million plant/hectare) spraying with fungicide mancozeb + metalaxyl within 15days interval. In this treatment bulb yield and bulb weight were the highest. The economic evaluation showed that the highest net benefit with acceptable marginal rate of return was obtained from T3 (0.71million plants/ha spraying with fungicide mancozeb + metalaxyl within 15days interval).

DAYA SAING PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH VARIETAS LOKAL RUBARU PASCA KEBIJAKAN SUBSIDI PUPUK 2022

The government has issued a new policy regarding subsidized fertilizer regulated in Minister of Agriculture Regulation Number 10 of 2022. This causes the production costs borne by Rubaru Shallot farmers to be higher because the government subsidizes only two types of fertilizer. This condition can cause the competitiveness of shallots to decrease. This research aims to analyze the impact of changes in the fertilizer subsidy policy in 2022 on the Rubaru Local Variety Red Onion farming and its competitive and comparative advantages. The research location was determined purposively in Mandala Village. The total research sample was 42 people taken using the purposive sampling method. The data type used is primary data, which includes input prices, output prices, and profits in the form of market and social prices. Data analysis uses the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) model. The results of the analysis and discussion show that in general, the impact of the 2022 fertilizer subsidy change policy will still benefit farmers because even though the intervention reduces the profits obtained. Other results show that after these policy changes, the Rubaru Variety Shallot Farming in Mandala Village still has competitive and comparative competitiveness.