Price Limits Research Articles

Research Trends and Mapping of Price Limits and Stock Prices in ASEAN 5: A Bibliometric Analysis

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze research trends and mapping of price limits and stock prices in ASEAN 5. This type of research is qualitative research. The research variables are Price Limit and Stock Price. The data collection technique used was bibliometric analysis from the Scopus database from 1996 to 2022. The number of research samples was 52 samples. The data analysis technique uses bibliometrics with the VOS viewer software program. The findings of this study indicate that 52 articles have been selected, with the number of publications increasing every year. Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Singapore have an important role to play in the article price limits and share prices on Scopus as well as price limits reducing the volatility of stock returns, overcoming overreactions and not disrupting trading activities.
 Keywords: Price limits, Bibliometrics, Scopus, VOSviewer, ASEAN 5.

Role of financial inclusion and natural resources for green economic recovery in developing economies

The role of natural resources in economic growth has been a topic of contention for almost three decades. Financial growth and natural resource prices are closely intertwined, but the relationship between the two has been relatively understudied. In the context of green economic recovery in developing economies, the importance of managing price volatility of natural resources and building financial inclusion has become increasingly evident. As natural resources play a critical role in the economies of developing countries, promoting sustainable practices through financial inclusion policies is essential for green economic recovery. Therefore, this study assesses the significance of green technology in developing economies from 1990 to 2020, focusing on the connection between natural resources and the media economy. Short- and long-term economic efficiency was shown to be positively affected by natural resource volatility, oil rents, gas rents, the media economy, and green innovation. These results are supported by the long-run estimator improved mean group (AMG). Furthermore, Dumitrescu and Hurlin's Granger panel causality heterogeneity test demonstrated a bidirectional causal link between the examined variables and financial development. Green marketing, price limits, and natural resource hedging are discussed as potential solutions to a region's financial inefficiency and natural resource price volatility.

An empirical study on motivation to adopt hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in India: Policy implications for stakeholders

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) are considered one of the most sustainable tactics for addressing carbon emissions through hydrogen mobility in the transportation sector. However, current research on the adoption of HFCVs concentrates on perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes toward HFCVs and disregards the significance of intrinsic needs in the adoption process. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs model presents a fundamental framework that investigates the aspects that play crucial roles in influencing the motivation of individuals to adopt a specific product or service. Based on the same framework, this research empirically analyses the needs that motivate people to adopt HFCVs. Survey responses from 380 Indian youths (millennials and Generation Z) were obtained through random stratified sampling. Further, structural equation modelling was applied for data analysis and hypothesis testing. The findings suggest that the vehicle manufacturer needs to justify the high price of HFCV, and further government intervention to put a cap on the price limit is a much-needed step in this regard. Factors like openness to experience (t = 7.308), and social influence (t = 5.286) have stronger influence on consumer motivation for buying HFCVs. In addition, environmental concern (t = 3.733) and esteem needs (t = 3.11) play vital role on HFCV adoption-motivation. The study suggests important policy aspects that would benefit global vehicle manufacturers in successfully understanding the needs of customers for HFCV introduction and faster adoption.

An efficient method for computing slope reliability calculation based on rigorous limit equilibrium

Abstract Traditional rigorous limit equilibrium methods satisfy all equilibrium conditions and usually have high accuracy, however, which are less efficient for slope reliability analysis. The main reason is that the limit state functions are highly nonlinear implicit functions of safety factor. Complex numerical iterations are required, which may sometimes lead to computational convergence problems. A new method for computing slope reliability calculation with high efficiency and accuracy was proposed. This method was based on the rigorous limit equilibrium method by modifying normal stresses over the slip surface. The critical horizontal acceleration factor K c {K}_{c} , which can be expressed explicitly, was used to replace the implicit safety factor as a representation of slope stability. The difference between K c {K}_{c} and the known value K c 0 {K}_{c0} was used as the limit state function. Two slope examples were analyzed. The results showed that the calculation results of this method were in good agreement with those of the traditional Morgenstern–Price limit equilibrium method, but the computational efficiency was significantly improved. When this method was combined with the subset simulation method, the calculation time was only a few seconds. Therefore, this method can be used for rapid calculation of slope reliability.

Examining the Factors that Influence Consumer Willingness to Pay of Bubble Tea among Generation Z in Bandung, Indonesia

Bubble tea is a popular drink among Generation Z in Indonesia. However, the quality of bubble tea varies depending on intrinsic and extrinsic factors to make it more appealing. On the basis of consumers' final economic activity, it is crucial to examine what factors influence consumer purchase decision behavior. Due to the bubble tea shop, owners will effectively meet customer expectations for bubble tea beverages. This study examines factors that may influence the consumer purchase decision (willingness to pay) of bubble tea and analyzes the price limit disparities. The research uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 300 Generation Z domiciled at Bandung, Indonesia. This study examines several aspects, including price, taste, product design, brand influence, and location accessibility. Also, it analyzes whether the consumers' purchase decision factor and the price limit of the respondents are different when it is divided based on demographic factors. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression (MLR). This study found that taste, price, product design, brand image, and location accessibility individually and simultaneously affect the willingness to pay among Generation Z in Bandung City. Also, this study found differences in decision factors and price limits on bubble tea based on demographic factors. In conclusion, the current study has successfully examined the factors influencing consumer purchase decisions (willingness to pay) and analyzed the price limit disparities of bubble tea in Bandung, Indonesia.

Is low dose of liposomal amphotericin B effective in management of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis? Our conclusions from Al-Mowassat University Hospital, Syria: a prospective observational study

BackgroundAcute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS) is a fatal infection associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although it is a rare disease, upsurge of AIFRS was noticed during the second wave of COVID-19 disease. Early diagnosis and management is the cornerstone for good outcomes. However, management of AIFRS is challengeable especially in developing countries due to limited resources and high prices of antifungal agents. No previous studies have been conducted to evaluate the outcomes of management of AIFRS in Syria. The purpose of this study is to report the results of management of AIFRS with low doses of liposomal amphotericin B in our tertiary hospital in Syria.MethodsThe outcomes of management of AIFRS cases were followed through a prospective observational study between January 2021 and July 2022. The required medical data were collected for each individual. Three-month mortality rate was studied. SPSS v.26 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Pearson Chi-square test was used to study the associations between different variables and mortality. Survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan–Meier to compare the survival probability. Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) test and Cox regression were conducted to evaluate the factors affecting survival within the follow up period.ResultsOf 70 cases, 36 (51.4%) were males and 34 (48.6%) were females. The mean age of patients was 52.5 years old. The most common underlying risk factor was diabetes mellitus (84.3%). The used dose of liposomal amphotericin B ranged between 2–3 mg/kg per day. The overall 3-month mortality rate was 35.7%. Significant association was found between survival and the following variables: Age, orbital involvement, stage, and comorbidity.ConclusionThe overall mortality rate was close to other studies. However, survival rate was worse than comparable studies in selected cases of AIFRS (older ages, involved orbits, advanced stages, and chronic immunodeficiency). Therefore, low doses of liposomal amphotericin B could be less effective in such cases and high doses are recommended.

Coordinated Economic Operation of Hydrothermal Units with HVDC Link Based on Lagrange Multipliers

Coordinated operation of hydrothermal scheduling with HVDC links considering network constraints becomes a vital issue due to their remote location and recent induction in the existing power system. The nonlinear and complex nature of the problem introduces many variables and constraints which results in a heavy computational burden. A widespread approach for handling these complexities is to reformulate the problem by several linearization methods. In this paper, a Lagrange multipliers-based method is proposed for the solution of hydrothermal economic scheduling including HVDC link. This method solves equality constraint optimization problems. The linear programming approach is embedded with the Lagrange method to consider both equality and inequality constraints. The proposed technique has been used on piecewise linear variables and constraints of the system considering generation, water volume, and line power flow limits. The formulated method efficiently minimizes the operational cost of thermal units and maximizes the utilization of hydro units while meeting all generation, water volume, and the HVDC link constraints. The method was successfully implemented in two scenarios of a case study. In the first scenario, hydrothermal scheduling was performed on the typical network without an HVDC line limit and equal nodal prices were found with minimal thermal generation cost of $278,822.3. In the second scenario, the proposed method optimally dispatches units to meet the HVDC line limit and minimizes thermal generation cost to $279,025.4 while satisfying hydro, thermal, and other operating constraints. Both scenarios are implemented for a 24 h period. The results have been presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.

Marketing Issues in the Cuniculture Industry: The case of rabbit farmers in Hilir Perak, Malaysia

The paper aims to showcase the findings on the marketing issues in the cuniculture industry, focusing on rural rabbit farmers in Hilir Perak, Malaysia. Rabbit meat or broilers has taken a backseat in the domestic market compared to beef, mutton, and chicken. From the qualitative analyses, the marketing issues in the cuniculture industry include a lack of resources by the farmers, limited agency assistance, price, promotion, and awareness of the nutritional value of the broilers. The study’s implications showed that broilers must be promoted as part of the local food security environment to fulfill the sustainable development goal (SDG) of zero hunger.

Fondillón Wine Adulteration by Addition of Other Monastrell Wines

Authenticity and traceability are two issues of great importance to quality and food safety in the food industry. For wine producers and authorities, it is essential to know how to detect adulterations because wine is one of the alcoholic beverages most prone to adulteration, as indicated by the European Commission. Fondillón is one of the most important naturally sweet Spanish wines and is certainly the core of the Alicante PDO. Fondillón is a wine that is prone to be adulteration due to its limited production and high price. The aim of this study was to identify potential markers of Fondillón adulteration by mixing it with other Monastrell wines. The experimental results showed that Fondillón is characterized by high concentrations of acetic acid, furfural, benzaldehyde, vitispirane, and TDN and low concentrations of citric, tartaric, and malic acids; a low total phenolic content; and low values of antioxidant activity.

Acceptable price of packaged palm cooking oil amid scarcity in Indonesia

This article is aimed to estimate the acceptable price range of packaged cooking oil, one of the vital commodities of Indonesian daily needs, under scarcity which lead to the rocketing price from December 2021 until June 2022. An online survey of 493 consumers of packaged cooking oil was conducted to obtain the sensitivity price responses, and the van Westendorp technique was utilized to estimate the acceptable price range. The acceptable price range of packaged cooking oil under scarcity was estimated at approximately 15,000 to 19,500 IDR per liter; it was relatively far below the highest price during scarcity (27,000 IDR per liter). Seemingly the price during scarcity was unfair to consumers because they still purchased it beyond their acceptable price. The government has to maintain the packaged cooking oil price in its psychologically acceptable range since controlling the price is one of its mandates. This article applied the van Westendorp price sensitivity meter in a new market condition in which packaged cooking oil was scarce, while this technique was commonly applied for estimating suitable price limits of the new products.

WILLINGNESS TO PAY BERAS MERAH ORGANIK “BERASKITA” DI PERUM BULOG SUB DIVRE MADIUN

<p><em>Organic red rice has many health benefits compared to white rice. Organic rice includes special rice that is not subject to the Highest Retail Price (HET) regulation set by the government, so this rice does not have a maximum price limit.The purpose of this study is to describe consumer market segmentation, analyze the value of consumers’ Willingness to Pay and analyze the factors that influence consumers’ Willingness to Pay. Organic red rice has many health benefits compared to white rice. Organic rice includes special rice that is not subject to the HET (Highest Retail Price) regulation set by the government, so this rice does not have a maximum price limit. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis, Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) analysis and Mutiple Linear Regression analysis. The research was conducted at Perum Bulog Sub Divre Madiun. The sampling method used was the accidental sampling method. The results showed that consumer market segmentation has an influence on determining the value of consumer Willingness to Pay. The Willingness to Pay value for organic red rice “BerasKita” is Rp 23.825, which is higher than the current price. Factors that have a significant effect on Willingness to Pay are attribute of organic red rice. Improvement recommendations should be able to maintain and improve product quality.</em></p>

Cranes among chickens: The general-attention‐grabbing effect of daily price limits in China's stock market

This paper examines the general-attention-grabbing effect of daily price limits in China's stock market. We show that stocks with large exposure to daily price limits attract more investor attention and have lower future returns. The exposure is measured empirically through the absolute beta with respect to the daily proportion of stocks that hit price limits. The general-attention-grabbing effect is not solely caused by stocks that recently hit price limits, is not subsumed by market volatility exposure, and does not reflect other stock market characteristics. Moreover, the effect is stronger among stocks that are heavily invested in by retail investors.

High-titer production of myo-inositol by a co-immobilized four-enzyme cocktail in biomimetic mineralized microcapsules

Myo-inositol is widely used in food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, but its great potentials are restricted from its limited supplies and high prices. Inositol is the first biobased product produced by the in vitro biomanufacturing platform containing multi-enzymes in one pot on an industrial scale. However, the in vitro multi-enzyme-based biomanufacturing face the challenge of enzyme deactivation and high cost of the enzymes used. To further prolong the enzyme lifetime and decrease its biomanufacturing cost, here we developed a co-immobilized four-enzyme cocktail using biomimetic mineralized microcapsules composed of polyethyleneimine and silicate for large-scale production. The lumped enzyme half-life of the microcapsules was 55.5 h at 70 °C, which was 5.9 folds of that of the four-enzyme cocktail. An inositol titer of up to 210 g/L was produced, and the cost of enzymes used was decreased by 3.4 times. This is the first attempt to realize high-titer production of inositol by co-immobilized multi-enzymes, laying a foundation of in vitro biomanufacturing based on in vitro synthetic enzyme biosystems.

ZIF derived PtCo alloys-based nitrogen-doped Graphene as cathode catalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has gained a lot of attention due to its ability to provide electrical energy with high efficiency and minimal environmental pollution. However, platinum-based nanomaterials, as the most commonly used electrocatalysts, have very limited global reserves and high prices, posing significant barriers to widespread commercialization of PEMFC. Here, we present a novel method for preparing a Co-ZIF supported PtCo alloy catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The precursor Co-ZIF doped graphene oxide (Co-ZIF@GO) is obtained by in-situ controlled growth of ZIF-67 nanocrystals on two surfaces of graphene oxide (GO) sheets with different nanoscale dimensions. PtCo alloys-based nitrogen-doped graphene (PtCoNG) cathode catalyst with well-dispersed PtCo alloy nanoparticles (∼5 nm) is obtained after pyrolysis and platinum loading. The optimal PtCoNG catalyst outperforms the commercial Pt/C catalyst in terms of performance and stability in acidic media, with a half-wave potential of up to 0.86 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and three times the mass activity. It demonstrates that this new synthesis method provides an effective strategy for developing active and stable Pt alloy catalysts by in-situ growing ZIF on graphene oxide.

The “Affordable Medicines” Reimbursement Program in Ukraine: Framework Assessment and Impact Evaluation

ObjectivesIn 2017, the government of Ukraine introduced the new Affordable Medicines Program (AMP) for outpatient prescription medicines reimbursement. Despite the evident program implementation benefits, it is highly important to examine the AMP framework to reveal its current tendencies, strengths, and shortcomings that might be useful to support further development and improvement of reimbursement models. This study aimed to evaluate how the pricing strategies applied by the AMP framework might affect the potential to provide patients with affordable medicines. MethodsThe AMP framework has been evaluated by several parameters characterizing the pricing mechanisms, pharmaceutical manufacturers, the scope of medicines covered by the program, and consumption volumes. The data were collected from official government databases and open sources. The statistics assessment was applied. ResultsIn 2017 to 2021, the AMP demonstrated extensive growth of the number of medicines covered, consumption volumes, and the scope of international nonproprietary names reimbursed. The pricing limits used by the AMP framework proportionally were correlated with the number of manufacturers involved. At the same time, the number of medicines containing reimbursed international nonproprietary names but not being covered by the program has been decreasing. ConclusionsThe AMP framework significantly influences the pharmaceutical market and the potential to provide patients with a wider scope of essential medicines while effectively managing government and patients’ healthcare spending. There is a need for the AMP re-evaluation tool enabling timely diagnosing of its shortcomings, assessing the effectiveness and helping to implement its targeted development according to pharmaceutical market tendencies and achievement of desirable patient’s health outcomes.

Role of microbial phytases in improving fish health

AbstractFishmeal is the most preferred protein source in aquafeed industry due to its balanced amino acid and fatty acid profile, but its limited global supply and high price value, necessitates researchers to focus on sustainable alternative sources of protein and plant‐based feed, to meet the growing demand of fish feed. Phytate is a reservoir of phosphorus present in the plants; however, its chelating ability makes it anti‐nutritional. Phytate forms complexes with minerals, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, confining their accessibility in fish feeds, hence, additional dietary nutrients are required in the fish feed to overcome nutritional deficiencies. The elimination of phytate‐phosphorus through animal faeces and its pass on to aquatic bodies leads to enrichment of nutrients, eutrophication and algal blooms. Microbial phytase segregates phosphorus, minerals, proteins and lower inositol phosphates from phytate. The supplementation of fish feed with microbial phytase enhances the digestibility of minerals, due to which less nutrients are excreted in the faeces; therefore, minimizing pollution in water bodies. Monogastric and agastric animals inherently exhibit the deficiency of phytase; hence, supplementation of dietary material with phytase has been an emerging choice to make dietary nutrients available for fish. Moreover, microbial phytases have a broad pH range and are thermostable, which makes them an excellent choice for commercial fish feed production. Additionally, microbial phytase improves fish growth as these enzymes enhance nutrients bioavailability and their digestion. This review article presents the application of microbial phytases as a feed additive, and their role in enhancing fish growth.

Are Chinese B-shares dead? An analysis of price limits on AB-shares on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges

Firms listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges can simultaneously issue two types of shares: A and B-shares, subject to the same price limits. After July 2003, both Chinese citizens and Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (QFIIs) were able to trade both A and B-shares in China. Following this regulatory change, some media posts predict that B-share markets will cease to exist in the future. However, are B-shares really dead? Are there no differences at all between these two markets today? In this paper, we will try to answer this question by analysing these two markets with the perspective of price limit efficacy. The rationale behind price limits is to provide investors with a cooling-off period to counter noise trading and alleviate market panic. By applying a truncated-GARCH model that explicitly incorporates the truncation in the distribution of returns that is induced by price limits, we investigate whether price limits have the same effects on price behaviour and volatility on different types of share. In general, A and B-shares enjoy a quite similar pattern in regards to volatility spillover. However, B-shares tend to have more upper price reversal and lower price continuation. This suggests price limits work more efficiently in the B-share market.

주가변동성에 대한 가격제한폭의 확대 효과 : 포트폴리오 수익률과 EGARCH 모형을 이용하여

This study examines how the relaxation of daily price limits affected volatility in the Korean stock market. Previous studies failed to conclusively determine the effect of relaxed price limits on volatility, with some concluding that volatility actually increased, while others empirically demonstrated the opposite. Such inconsistent results were due to the lack of a control group in those studies. In order to avoid the same pitfalls, we compared two markets: the KOSPI and KOSDAQ indices. Over the years, both markets experienced gradual relaxation of their respective daily price limits. This study focuses on four separate events where the price limit of one market was relaxed compared to before, while its counterpart maintained the status quo. Moreover, we employed a single criteria when selecting stocks for portfolios in each market, with regards to company size and book-to-market ratio. It is expected that such precautions will improve homogeneity between the portfolios compared, thus excluding factors other than the relaxation policy that might affect stock price volatility. Through such efforts, we reached the conclusion that the net effect of recent relaxations in price limits was to decrease the volatility of stock prices.

REGULATION OF UKRAINE’S COMMODITY MARKETS IN CONDITIONS OF EMERGENCY AND MARTIAL LAW

The economy can function both under normal and extraordinary conditions, which include states of emergency and martial law. Emergency conditions arise from time to time and can be both relatively short and sufficiently long. The functioning of the economy in conditions of emergency and martial law can include overcoming the pandemic and repelling armed aggression. The functioning of the economy in conditions of emergency and martial law requires special methods of state regulation, including on commodity markets. The purpose of the article is to determine methodical approaches to the formation of regulatory policy on commodity markets under conditions of emergency and martial law. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: 1) to determine the peculiarities of the regulation of commodity markets in conditions of emergency and martial law; 2) assess the effectiveness of regulatory influence; and 3) substantiate recommendations for improvement of regulatory policy. Various methods of sampling and statistical processing of information were used during the research. Data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, and the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection were used for the analysis. Special attention was paid to the methods of price regulation and increasing supply in commodity markets of consumer goods. One of the main features of the functioning of the economy in conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law is the disruption of the usual supply chains of goods. There is a commodity shortage in the markets, which accelerates the growth of prices. Therefore, the main task of regulatory policy in commodity markets is to encourage supply and curb inflation. To this end, during 2020-2022, a set of measures was introduced: the procedure for starting a business was simplified, the tax burden was reduced, pricing was deregulated, exports were limited, barriers to imports were lowered, a declaration of intent to increase prices was introduced, price limits were established, etc. As a result of the conducted research, it was found: 1) high efficiency of influence on the price dynamics on the part of export restrictions and tax benefits; 2) low effectiveness of the declaration of the intention to increase the price; 3) relatively high efficiency of setting ceiling prices during a pandemic and low efficiency of this measure under martial law; 3) high expediency of introducing free prices on the markets of goods of significant social importance with high competition between suppliers; 4) great importance of the competition between suppliers to overcome shortages and price stability. In order to improve the regulatory policy in the conditions of emergency and martial law, the following recommendations have been substantiated: 1) canceling the price limits in highly competitive markets; 2) simplifying the procedure for declaring the intention to increase the price and strengthening control over its implementation; 3) creating strategic stocks of goods of significant social importance in the event of a state of emergency and war.

Liberalization of the Foreign Exchange Market

There is a pattern in the evolution of exchange control systems. A typical sequence of events is: Phase 1, implementation—in response to a serious balance-of-payments deficit, a free foreign-exchange market is abandoned in favour of price control and rationing of foreign exchange. Initially exchange control applies only to major categories of receipts and payments but is rapidly extended to cover all external transactions. Phase 2, consolidation—a black market appears; regulations are extended and revised to close loopholes, to cope with shortages, and to repair inequities and anomalies. The foreign-exchange market is fragmented and differential treatment is accorded to different types of trade or traders. Taxes, subsidies, or multiple-exchange rates are introduced to offset, in a discriminatory way, iie effect of an overvalued currency on foreign-exchange receipts and the demand >r imports. The system becomes increasingly complex and administratively burdensome. Phase 3, rationalization—the complexity of the system is reduced by consolidation of market fragments. Regulations are simplified and applied to broader categories of transactions. De facto but selective devaluation, through iax, subsidy, and exchange-rate adjustments, becomes a policy instrument. Portions of the market are "liberalized" by returning to a limited free market in which price resumes its functions of evoking supply and limiting demand. Continued disequilibrium, however, sustains the black market which may be "tolerated" as a sort of unofficial free market.