Price Criteria Research Articles

PEMILIHAN KRIM WAJAH TERBAIK YANG MENGANDUNG CERAMIDE MENGGUNAKAN METODE TOPSIS

Dryness of the skin on the face makes it uncomfortable, one treatment to avoid dryness of the facial skin is to use facial creams that contain ceramide. the process of selecting the best face cream that contains ceramide takes a long and difficult time. This process requires precision and proper judgment. In this study the TOPSIS method is used to solve the problem, so that the process of selecting facial creams can be done quickly and precisely. the test results using the TOPSIS method, the results obtained that the selection of face cream that contains the best ceramide based on three price criteria, packaging and composition is the P1 brand code with a preference value (vi) of 0.725 is ranked 1st for the assessment of each criterion K1 = 21.07, K2 = 8.62 and K3 = 9.71. This means that the P1 brand code has the highest value of other face cream products with the lowest price rating of other products namely rating 5 (21.07), the packaging is quite good with a rating of 3 (8.62) and the composition is quite a lot with a value of 3 (9, 71).

Model of the choice of public procurement procedure on the example of medicines

Subject. The results of theoretical and empirical studies indicate that for simple and standardized goods, the auction is the most effective and reliable procedure for selecting the best supplier. However, when the quality of the purchased good is particularly important, simple price criteria used in electronic auctions for determining the supplier may be ineffective. The article evaluates the preference for customers (Russian hospitals) of procedures for the medicines procurement.Objectives. The main objective of the study is to check whether auctions may turn out to be not preferable procedure for the customer for purchasing complex goods (for example, drugs) indeed. The study evaluates the factors (including the qualitative characteristics of the goods and the customer's attitude to quality) that affect the choice of the purchasing procedure by the customer, and then analyzes the influence of these factors and the choice of the procedure on the level of purchase prices.Methodology. In the process of evaluating the effectiveness of procedures for the procurement of medicines, the authors use methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The empirical basis is collected from data from the site of the unified information system in the field of public procurement.Results. The authors provided an empirical analysis of the process of choosing a procedure for the medicines procurement by the customer, and evaluated the price effectiveness of the procedures used in the procurement of medicines.Conclusion. The customer chose the auction procedure more often in conditions of high competition, low value and cost of quality, a lower hospital rating; in auction more often less experienced supplier is choosen. The level of purchase prices is higher when the customer chooses the procedure of a single supplier, when the competition is higher, the value of quality of the purchased goods is higher, and when a more experienced supplier is choosen. Customers manage to achieve a greater price reduction in comparison with the maximum bid (as well as in comparison with retail prices) when they choose the auction procedure, when the competition and value of the quality is higher, and when the less experienced supplier is choosen.

A fuzzy cognitive map based on Nash bargaining game for supplier selection problem: a case study on auto parts industry

Supplier Selection (SS) is a critical issue due to intense competition in the current market and the need to provide customer necessities with acceptable quality. On the other hand, SS depends on various criteria that make it a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making problem. Hence, a novel framework has been proposed in the current study to evaluate and rank suppliers. The proposed framework by aggregating the Process Control Score (PCS) and Process Evaluation Score (PES) evaluate and rank suppliers. For calculating PCS, a new structure and logic of the Fuzzy Cognitive Map based on the Nash Bargaining Game (BG-FCM) has been proposed to solve FCM’s shortcoming in distinguishing between the important concepts in the real world. Moreover, for generating solutions with high separability and helping decision-makers to have a precise analysis of the system, a modified learning algorithm based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and S-shaped transfer function (PSO-STF) has been utilized for training BG-FCM. For calculating PES, experimental mathematical equations in the inspected case have been utilized for important criteria of quality, delivery time, and price of the shipment. The proposed framework has been applied in an auto parts industry for validation. The results show that BG-FCM can successfully highlight the most important concepts and assign their original value. Also, PSO-STF in the comparison between other conventional FCMs’ learning algorithms has better performance in generating solutions with high separability. It can be concluded that BN-FCM with more progressive intelligence can analyze the complex systems and help decision-makers to have a vivid insight into the system.

COMPARATIVE STUDY DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM AHP AND SAW METHOD IN TENDER PROCESS TV TRANSMISSION STATIONS

This research compares two methods of Decision Support System, namely: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), by taking a case study regarding the tender process of MNC television transmission stations for Denpasar locations. Based on four main criteria, namely: price, quality, service and reliability in determining the winner of the tender followed by three alternative participants (PT. Axx, PT. Nx and PT. Lxx). Sampling in this study uses a purposive sampling or judgment sampling method based on the consideration of the personnel (informants) involved directly or indirectly in the tender process. The final result of the calculation using the AHP method shows that the alternative priorities ranked 1st to 3rd are PT. Axx total value of 0.592, PT. Nx total value of 0.274 and PT. Lxx total value of 0.134. While the calculation using the SAW method obtained an alternative priority ranking 1st to 3rd is PT. Axx total value of 0.95325, PT. Nx total value of 0.92185 and PT. Lxx total value is 0.71585. Quality criteria are the main priority in the selection of vendors, reliability, service and price criteria are the next priorities. The final score results obtained from various calculations are not the same, which indicates that the maturity of the data that is processed to become accurate information is different. The SAW method is more widely used because the calculation process is easier to understand, fast and simple than the AHP method. Whereas AHP is superior in data accuracy, because the value of criteria weights is not arbitrarily determined, but is generated based on calculations.

Penerapan lean manufacturing untuk meningkatkan kinerja procurement dengan analisa performance supplier pada kasus industri baja

The steel industry is classified as a strategic industry that supports many industries, due to continuous national development. The steel industry must improve the quality of its production processes in order to increase its competiveness. One factor that supports the stability of the production process is the procurement process. To overcome the problem, the TOPSIS method is used to analyze supplier performance as a basis for determining supplier selection during the procurement process. Data is taken from the results of the questionnaire from the Material Procurement Division and the Vendor Management Office with criteria of price, quality, delivery time, suitability of the goods and Supplier Professionalism, and by choosing five alternative suppliers who are active in supplying goods. From the results of the questionnaire created a normalized matrix. Form the matrix determined distance with positive solution and negative solution alternative so we get a preference value for each alternative, and obtained PT. Siemen as a supplier with the closest relative proximity with a value of 0.6469.

Şirince de Faaliyette Bulunan Yiyecek ve İçecek İşletmelerinin Tripadvisor Yorumlarının İçerik Analizi

With the development of technology, consumers gather information in the internet environment before making a purchase decision in the tourism sector and the food and beverage sector under it. The positive and negative comments of consumers on the online review sites affect the decision making and buying behavior. The purpose of this study is to determine the negative customer comments on Tripadvisor regarding the restaurants operating in Sirince. Negative comments made for restaurant businesses were evaluated according to the criteria of food, staff, price, service, atmosphere and cleanliness and subjected to content analysis. It has been revealed that the criteria that restaurant customers make most negative comments are food, service and price. It has been determined that the complaints under these criteria arise due to bad and unpleasant food, cold service, slow service and expensive price. The study was ended with suggestions for restaurant managers and alternatives for future work to eliminate the problems.

CONTRACTOR SELECTION ASSESSMENT STRATEGY IN THE UPSTREAM OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY TOWARDS GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Nowdays, the level of business competition in managing the upstream oil and gas industry is getting higher, therefore oil and gas companies need to improve their performance and optimize the existing resources in the company. This must also be considered in efforts to manage and save the environment, which is currently the main focus of governments and businesses to preserve the environment. In addition to internal improvements were made, improvements are also needed on the part of contractors/suppliers to support this. In this regard, this study was conducted to develop a strategy for conducting an assessment in the contractors selection/suppliers in the upstream oil and gas industry with the aim of implementing Green Supply Chain Management with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This study maps the evaluation criteria and sub-criteria in the contractors selection and obtains the main criteria in the contractors selection for the upstream oil and gas industry towards Green Supply Chain Management. Results of the study obtain 6 criteria and 23 evaluation criteria in the contractors selection in the upstream oil and gas industry towards Green Supply Chain Management. The two most important criteria obtained are the Environmental criteria and the Health and Safety criteria, both of which have an assessment weight of more than 50% of the total assessment weight. The next criteria obtained are the Quality (Technical), Technical (Shipping), and Price (Quality) criteria, where these criteria are taken into account in the selection of contractors for the upstream oil and gas industry towards Green Supply Chain Management, so that the spirit of competition remains with the contractor and companies have many options contractor to achieve Green Supply Chain Management.

Metode Analitychal Hierarchy Process Dan Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique Sebagai Penunjang Keputusan Pemilihan Supplier

Process of choosing a supplier in Sukoharjo has not used the application program in making the decision but still use the manual way in writing. In addition, in conducting the selection of suppliers conducted by the HRD section is still subjective so that the results obtained in the selection of suppliers are less valid because in selecting HRD suppliers only choose based on price criteria, where If there is a supplier that offers the lowest price then the supplier will be chosen as a supplier in Sukoharjo. The purpose of the research is to build and implement a decision support system that is useful for the selection of suppliers in Sukoharjo using the method of Analyitychal Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART). Where AHP method to calculate the weight of the criteria and SMART method to calculate the supplier's alignment. With testing black box system is already running according to the function and for the results of the validity test get the test value results in the category very good with a percentage of 80%.

Value of a QALY for France: A New Approach to Propose Acceptable Reference Values.

France has included health economic assessment (HEA) as an official criterion for innovative drug pricing since 2013. Until now, no cost-effectiveness threshold (CET) has been officially proposed to qualify incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Although the French health authorities have publicly expressed the need for such reference values, previous initiatives to determine these have failed. The study aims to propose a locally adapted method for estimating a preference-based value for a quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) based on a rational approach to public policy choices in France. We used the official French value of statistical life (VSL) of €3 million (USD 3.25 million), proposed in 2013 by the French General Commission on Strategy and Prediction. We first estimated the value of life-year (VoLY) by age category according to life expectancy and official discounts recommended for HEA in France. We then estimated a value of statistical QALY (VSQ) by weighting VoLYs with demographic data and French EQ-5D-3L tariffs. The estimated average VoLYs and VSQs were €120 185 (USD 130 000) and €147 093 (USD 159 022), respectively, assuming a discount rate of 2.5% and €166 205 (USD 179 681) and €201 398 (USD 217 728), respectively, assuming a discount rate of 4.5%. Assuming that, as in other public domains, equity in access to healthcare across all disease areas and between all users is desirable, we propose an estimate of VSQ that is consistent with this goal. Our estimates of €147 093 (USD 179,681) to €201 398 (USD 217 728) should be perceived as breakeven costs for a QALY rather than a market access threshold. Such VSQs could be used as reference values for ICERs in HEA in France.

Determination of Interaction Between Criteria and the Criteria Priorities in Laptop Selection Problem

The statistic of global laptop shipment showed that 161.6 million laptops were sold, 65.23% more than desktop-PCs, and almost the same quantity as tablets in 2017. So, laptop demand is quite high and needs to be researched on what kind of criteria (properties) are crucial. Since there are more than one criteria, this study focuses on multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods in selecting laptops. This study aims to determine the interaction between criteria, and the criteria priorities in laptop selection problem that can be added/changing new features every day and to present the findings/results to the researcher/decision-makers. DEMATEL method is used for determining the interactions which are not observed in laptop literature, and fuzzy AHP is for criteria priorities. The price and brand image of a laptop have more interrelated action than the other main criteria. According to results, the brand image is determined as the most important criteria. Along with the brand image, other/peripheral properties and price criteria have totally two-thirds priority among six main criteria. The brand image along with the price had a dominant effect on other criteria according to the interaction matrices/diagrams. This study also shows that criteria priority results should be considered along with interaction matrices/diagrams that may produce such following information: speed, storage, monitor and other/peripheral properties criteria have overall effecting feature but not strongly, while brand image is a transition criterion along with having the highest priority, and the price criterion is obviously being affected by all criteria.

Custos e formação do preço de vendas em hotéis

To compete in the present economic context, where efficient cost management is crucial, adopting an entrepreneurial approach to establishing strategies becomes an essential factor for business success. With such understanding, this research aims to evaluate the relationship between organizational performance and hotel cost management. Methodologically, regarding its objectives, it is classified as descriptive and in relation to the approach of the problem, it is quantitative nature. The data were obtained from 26 hotels located in Balneario Camboriu and Itajai / SC through a survey with a questionnaire, which analysed the perception of managers. The costs were worked out according to the method used to estimate them, the daily price criterion, the main hosting costs and their usefulness. For the analysis of the results, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used. The results of this study showed that hotels that adopt the activity-based costing method and form the price considering market values are the ones that have the highest performance. It was confirmed that cost practice has no correlation with performance.

Simple Additive Weighting for Decision Support Selection of Expedition Services

Freight forwarding services are increasingly developing and each delivery service provider competes to provide the best service, resulting in competition in terms of price and delivery time, in order to attract the attention of users of shipping services. The number of service providers with various types of packages offered by freight forwarding services, making users difficult in determining the right service provider. One way to overcome this problem is by the existence of a method that can provide recommendations as consideration for making appropriate decisions. This study aims to create a decision support system for the selection of goods delivery services by applying the Simple Additive Weighting method that can solve problems by comparing between shipping services. The results of this study are in the form of conclusion calculations that can be taken into consideration for decision making in choosing the most widely chosen freight forwarding services for students and getting the best results in decision making. The results of calculations using the Simple Additive Weighting method, the highest value based on time criteria is JNE YES with a value of 0.73, based on price criteria is a vehicle with a value of 0.68, based on the weight criteria is JNE YES with a value of 0.75, while based on the volume criteria the highest value is a vehicle with a value of 0.70 .

GIS for coffee shops classification and routing using Naive Bayes method

In recent years, the number of coffee shops has grown rapidly in Malang whose locations spread in various places. This condition makes the consumers having trouble to find the place that meets with their needs of the price and comfort level. In this works, the Geographical Information System of Coffee Shop Business Classification in Malang based on criteria is proposed. This system can classify coffee shop data according to the consumer desires using the Naïve Bayes method. Users simply provide a choice of price criteria and desired level of comfort on this website-based system. The classification results are used to make it easier for users to obtain information, both the map of locations and the route to reach the coffee shops that meet the criteria expected by the user. Based on the testing that has been done, 100% of users stated that they could find a coffee shop according to the desired criteria. As a result, the system promises as the application in determining the selection of coffee shops corresponds to the consumer criteria.

ВЫБОР ОПТИМАЛЬНОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ НА РЫНКЕ С СОВЕРШЕННОЙ КОНКУРЕНЦИЕЙ

This article discusses the issue of choosing the optimal competitive strategy in markets with perfect competition. In the context of the rapid development of digital technologies, more and more market segments are subject to commoditization, which leads, on the one hand, to an essential depersonalization of suppliers of goods, works and services, and on the other hand, to the choice made by the consumer solely on the basis of price criteria. Over the past two decades, there has been a market segment in the Russian economy that is inherently close to perfectly competitive markets – the sub-federal debt market of the Russian Federation. The structure of the subfederal debt market, formed by numerous suppliers (credit organizations) and consumers (constituent entities of the Federation), and transparent bidding mechanisms existing under the Russian antitrust laws, combined with the uniformity of the goods being traded (cash loan) make it possible to consider it a market with perfect competition. But, unlike the classical commodity market, credit market transactions are characterized by the duration of the active interaction of the creditor (supplier) and the debtor (consumer), since the loan is provided for a certain period, after which it must be repaid with payment of all interest due. Thus, the behavior of the creditor bank is determined not only by the market situation at the time of the transaction, but also by the change in the state of the debtor during the loan period. With this in mind, the task of choosing the optimal market strategy becomes non-linear and can be solved using numerical methods of modeling the trading process.

Дослідження ринку споживачів жіночого одягу різних цінових сегментів

Іn today's consumer-centered world, its behavior is crucial, which significantly increases the impact on the activities of organizations of any type and requires them to further develop methods of influencing the consumer, taking into account their preferences. Іn this paper, a survey of consumer preferences with different income levels regarding women's clothing choices is conducted. Due to the complexity of the structure of the needs of the population, the targeted approach to the process of designing clothes is the most important condition for ensuring product sales. In this case, when designing clothes, businesses should take into account a well-defined market segment, its needs and expectations. Target audience - women aged 20 to 55 and older, social status - students, professionals, middle managers, heads of departments, heads of organizations. Consumer requirements of different price segments for clothing have different features. In addition, their differences in education, income, professional activity are useful guidelines for the production of clothing and its implementation. The three main price segments of the low, middle and high income consumer market are identified for women's clothing and the significance of the selection criteria for each is determined. Thus, for consumers of the low price segment one of the most important criteria for choosing a jacket is the price of the product, for the middle price segment - the quality of fit of the jacket and for the high price segment - the quality of manufacture and fit of the jacket. An expert survey was conducted to identify the significance of the product price criteria. The most significant criterion for women's outerwear when pricing is the choice of the material of the top. Therefore, a clear focus on consumer requirements should be at every stage of product design. It is suggested that, when producing clothing for a particular price segment, the requirements of the customers in that segment should be taken into account. Key words: price segment, market, consumer, quality, criterion .

Fully-Dynamic Risk-Indifference Pricing and No-Good-Deal Bounds

The seller's risk-indifference price evaluation is studied. We propose a dynamic risk-indifference pricing criterion derived from fully-dynamic risk measures on the $L_p$-spaces for $p\in [1,\infty...

Pemilihan Supplier Industri Manufaktur Dengan Pendekatan AHP dan TOPSIS

The problem in this research is to determine the criteria and criteria weights from the suppliers. PT. KBP is a manufacturing company engaged in the manufacture of export shoes with the main raw material for leather and supporting raw material for heels. The products produced are various kinds of fashion model shoes for adult women, including boots, mid boots, sneakers, and sandals. During this time, the company set suppliers based on the price offered and the number of goods. This study aims to establish the criteria and sub-criteria used as aspects of consideration for selecting suppliers based on company conditions to produce the best supplier decisions. The method used in this study is AHP and TOPSIS. AHP is used as a weighting of criteria and sub-criteria, while TOPSIS is used to determine alternative priorities that are close to positive ideal solutions. This study uses seven criteria and 17 sub-criteria. The results with the AHP method obtained weighted price criteria 18.2%, quality 28.7%, delivery 11.1%, flexibility 9.9%, responsive 9.0%, performance history 10.9%, and warranty and claim policy 12.2% whereas the TOPSIS method was obtained for PT. B is 0.710, and for supplier, G heels are 0.537. Thus PT. KBP can prioritize PT. B, as the main supplier.

CO2 Methanation over Hydrotalcite-Derived Nickel/Ruthenium and Supported Ruthenium Catalysts

In this work, in-house synthesized NiMgAl, Ru/NiMgAl, and Ru/SiO2 catalysts and a commercial ruthenium-containing material (Ru/Al2O3com.) were tested for CO2 methanation at 250, 300, and 350 °C (weight hourly space velocity, WHSV, of 2400 mLN,CO2·g−1·h−1). Materials were compared in terms of CO2 conversion and CH4 selectivity. Still, their performances were assessed in a short stability test (24 h) performed at 350 °C. All catalysts were characterized by temperature programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 physisorption at −196 °C, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and H2/CO chemisorption. The catalysts with the best performance (i.e., the hydrotalcite-derived NiMgAl and Ru/NiMgAl) seem to be quite promising, even when compared with other methanation catalysts reported in the literature. Extended stability experiments (240 h of time-on-stream) were performed only over NiMgAl, which was selected based on catalytic performance and estimated price criteria. This catalyst showed some deactivation under conditions that favor CO formation (high temperature and high WHSV, i.e., 350 °C and 24,000 mLN,CO2·g−1·h−1, respectively), but at 300 °C and low WHSV, excellent activity (ca. 90% of CO2 conversion) and stability, with nearly complete selectivity towards methane, were obtained.

Analysis of Supplier Selection of Plate Raw Material (Case Study: PT XYZ)

PT. XYZ is one of the State-Owned Enterprises of Strategic Industries (BUMNIS) which runs the business field of Project Management and Services (MPJ) and Machinery and Equipment Industry (MPI). Currently the company is experiencing problems of not achieving the sales growth target in 2012-2016. This problem is caused by a variety of problems in supply chain, one of them is the delay of raw materials on the project undertaken. From the results of previous study, it was found that supplier selection evaluation has the highest value of the total effectiveness to difficulty ratio (ETDk), therefore evaluation of supplier selection should be done in order to establish good integration. The method used is Analytical Hierarchy Process. Criteria that have been determined is the price, delivery, quality and service. In the result, the sub criteria of price and quality compliance has the highest weight value and supplier 1 is the best supplier.

Assigning orders to suppliers with linear piecewise concave costs

Purpose: Once a set of suppliers has been determined, according to criteria of quality, price and reliability, among others, there remains the problem of assigning orders to the selected suppliers, in order to cover the needs at the lowest cost. We consider the case in which the needs of a component for a set of plants should be covered by suppliers with linear piecewise concave cost functions, a lower bound on the order size for the non-zero deliveries and a capacity constraint. The purpose is to design procedures for solving this problem.Design/methodology/approach: With the aim of providing practical tools to solve the problem of assigning orders to suppliers with linear piecewise concave costs, two mixed integer linear programs are proposed.Findings: The two MILP models are compared through an extensive computational experiment. This shows that both models, with a slight advantage for one of them, can be solved within a very short time, even when the dimensions of the instance largely exceed those that can occur in real cases.Originality/value: The paper proposes novel models that can be used to solve the problem to optimality in reasonable times and with standard optimization software.