Previous Version Research Articles

An efficient way to determine Liouvillian first integrals of rational second order ordinary differential equations

The Lie and Darboux methods to obtain Liouvillian first integrals of rational second order ordinary differential equations (rational 2ODEs) are very powerful. Nevertheless, there are cases where these procedures may encounter difficulties. Namely, when the Darboux polynomials present in the integrating factor of the 2ODE have a very high degree and/or when the 2ODE does not admit point symmetries. In [3,4] we developed a method (S-function method) that is successful in treating certain classes of rational second order ordinary differential equations that are particularly ‘resistant’ to canonical Lie methods and to Darbouxian approaches. However, although determining the S-function is in general much more efficient than determining Darboux polynomials or nonlocal symmetries, for very complicated rational 2ODEs, even finding the S-function itself can be quite hard. In this work we present a simple way of (in almost all cases) computing the S-function with a very efficient procedure. New version program summaryProgram Title: InSyDE – Invariants and Symmetries of (rational second order ordinary) Differential Equations.CPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/4ytft6zgk7.2Licensing provisions: CC by NC 3.0Programming language: Maple 17Journal reference of previous version: Comput. Phys. Commun. 234 (2019) 302–314Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes.Nature of problem: Determining Liouvillian first integrals of rational second order ordinary differential equations.Solution method: The method is explained in the body of the paper.Reasons for new version: The InSyDE package depends, in order to work, on determining the S-function. The problem is that, for very complicated 2ODEs, this can be very costly (computationally) or even unrealizable (within time and memory limits). We have developed a computationally cheaper way of determining the S-function that, in addition to being very efficient, is also surprisingly broad.Summary of revisions: We have, based on important new theoretical results presented on Appendix A: Supplementary Material, modified and improved the command Sfunction.

Reversible debugging of concurrent Erlang programs: Supporting imperative primitives

Reversible computing is a programming paradigm allowing one to execute programs both in the standard, forward direction as well as backwards, recovering past states. A relevant application of reversible computing is causal-consistent reversible debugging, which allows one to explore concurrent computations backwards and forwards to find a bug. The basic idea is that any action can be undone, provided that its consequences are undone beforehand. This approach has been put into practice in CauDEr, a Causal-consistent reversible Debugger for the Erlang programming language. CauDEr provides the ability to explore a concurrent computation back and forward in a step-by-step way as well as to undo an action far in the past including all and only its consequences (rollback), and to replay an action from a log, together with its causes. CauDEr supports the functional, concurrent and distributed fragment of Erlang. However, Erlang also includes imperative primitives to manage a map (shared among all the processes of a same node) associating process identifiers to names. Here we extend CauDEr and the related theory, including rollback and replay, to support such imperative primitives. From a theoretical point of view, the imperative primitives create different causal structures to those derived from the concurrent Erlang fragment previously handled in CauDEr, yet we show that the main results proved for previous versions of CauDEr are still valid. From a practical point of view, this allows one to debug a larger subset of Erlang programs, as shown with a small case study of a server providing mathematical functionalities.

Enhanced STOPP/START Criteria: A Tool for Managing Polypharmacy in Older Population

Polypharmacy in geriatric patients is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Therefore, several instruments for prescription analysis and optimization can be used to enhance the safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapy in old age population. STOPP/START criteria is one of the most popular screening tools in the Russian Federation and abroad that list potentially inappropriate drugs for use in older patients (STOPP criteria) and potentially prescribed for certain clinical cases (START criteria). Two previous versions of the STOPP/START criteria were published in 2008 and 2015. Released in 2023, the newest (third version) demonstrates the evolution of evidence-based pharmacotherapy for older and oldestold patients, featuring 133 STOPP and 57 START criteria. Expanding the base of STOPP/START criteria should support optimization of prescriptions and reducing ADRs risk in older patients. This article introduces translation of STOPP/START criteria, version 3.

Investigation on thermohydraulic characteristics of novel superheated steam supply system for low temperature nuclear heating reactor

In a new Chinese low temperature nuclear heating reactor (NHR) demonstration project, a novel superheated steam supply system was designed to meet new requests for the steam produced in the secondary circuit. Different from the previous version of NHR200-II, which used a vertical steam generator to produce saturated steam, this newly designed system features a preheater, a horizontal steam generator, and a superheater for generating superheated steam. Numerical simulation method was used to investigate the feasibility and thermal hydraulic characteristics of this novel superheated steam supply system. The simulation results verify the accuracy and reliability of the system design, showing that the three heat exchangers can operate in coordination under different power levels, and the superheated steam generated in the secondary circuit can meet the users’ requirements. The system also demonstrated a remarkable ability to recover from sudden disturbances within 13.64 % change of the secondary circuit mass flow rate or 2.39 % change of the secondary circuit temperature under full power condition. Besides, the system has a power adjustment ability of ±10 %, and the system can quickly return to the new steady state. RELAP5 simulation results can provide theoretical guidance for the subsequent experimental research of this novel superheated steam supply system.

Surgical versus non-surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Surgical versus non-surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Validation of Modern JSON Schema: Formalization and Complexity

JSON Schema is the de-facto standard schema language for JSON data. The language went through many minor revisions, but the most recent versions of the language, starting from Draft 2019-09, added two novel features, dynamic references and annotation-dependent validation, that change the evaluation model. Modern JSON Schema is the name used to indicate all versions from Draft 2019-09, which are characterized by these new features, while Classical JSON Schema is used to indicate the previous versions. These new “modern” features make the schema language quite difficult to understand and have generated many discussions about the correct interpretation of their official specifications; for this reason, we undertook the task of their formalization. During this process, we also analyzed the complexity of data validation in Modern JSON Schema, with the idea of confirming the polynomial complexity of Classical JSON Schema validation, and we were surprised to discover a completely different truth: data validation, which is expected to be an extremely efficient process, acquires, with Modern JSON Schema features, a PSPACE complexity. In this paper, we give the first formal description of Modern JSON Schema, which we have discussed with the community of JSON Schema tool developers, and which we consider a central contribution of this work. We then prove that its data validation problem is PSPACE-complete. We prove that the origin of the problem lies in the Draft 2020-12 version of dynamic references, and not in annotation-dependent validation. We study the schema and data complexities, showing that the problem is PSPACE-complete with respect to the schema size even with a fixed instance but is in P when the schema is fixed and only the instance size is allowed to vary. Finally, we run experiments that show that there are families of schemas where the difference in asymptotic complexity between dynamic and static references is extremely visible, even with small schemas.

How tool combinations in different pipeline versions affect the outcome in RNA-seq analysis.

Data analysis tools are continuously changed and improved over time. In order to test how these changes influence the comparability between analyses, the output of different workflow options of the nf-core/rnaseq pipeline were compared. Five different pipeline settings (STAR+Salmon, STAR+RSEM, STAR+featureCounts, HISAT2+featureCounts, pseudoaligner Salmon) were run on three datasets (human, Arabidopsis, zebrafish) containing spike-ins of the External RNA Control Consortium (ERCC). Fold change ratios and differential expression of genes and spike-ins were used for comparative analyses of the different tools and versions settings of the pipeline. An overlap of 85% for differential gene classification between pipelines could be shown. Genes interpreted with a bias were mostly those present at lower concentration. Also, the number of isoforms and exons per gene were determinants. Previous pipeline versions using featureCounts showed a higher sensitivity to detect one-isoform genes like ERCC. To ensure data comparability in long-term analysis series it would be recommendable to either stay with the pipeline version the series was initialized with or to run both versions during a transition time in order to ensure that the target genes are addressed the same way.

Individualised gonadotropin dose selection using markers of ovarian reserve for women undergoing in vitro fertilisation plus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI).

Individualised gonadotropin dose selection using markers of ovarian reserve for women undergoing in vitro fertilisation plus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI).

Key Components of the Ontological Scheme of the World in “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”

The author presents a version of the ontological scheme of Newton’s mechanistic worldview based on both the study of previous versions of its understanding and the text of the “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”. Newton developed a model of new universality or a homogeneous and isotropic world in which uniform laws operate. This model is based on several ontological postulates Newton introduced, which can be isolated from several provisions of his classic work. The new mechanistic worldview is based on the imputation of the world of universal simplicity. The quantitative “unit” of a simple, homogeneous, physical-geometric universe is an ambivalent corpuscle-point. The main constants of the “mechanistic universe” are the diversity of the numbers of masses, motions, and forces connected by clear reciprocal relationships. Newton also introduced theoretical space and time as a privileged, absolute reference system. Finally, in the Newtonian version of the mechanistic worldview, there are compelled metaphysical ingredients or inexplicable and transcendental qualities. They are gravity, ether, and God. Thus, the ontological scheme of Newton’s mechanistic worldview is a construction based on the sequential mental experiment of presenting the universe exclusively from the side of its “objectivity” and “sensory certification”.

Effect of Equation of State and Cutoff Density in Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Simulations of the Moon-forming Giant Impact

The amount of vapor in the impact-generated protolunar disk carries implications for the dynamics, devolatilization, and moderately volatile element isotope fractionation during lunar formation. The equation of state (EoS) used in simulations of the giant impact is required to calculate the vapor mass fraction (VMF) of the modeled protolunar disk. Recently, a new version of M-ANEOS (Stewart M-ANEOS) was released with an improved treatment of heat capacity and expanded experimental Hugoniot. Here, we compare this new M-ANEOS version with a previous version (N-SPH M-ANEOS) and assess the resulting differences in smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations. We find that Stewart M-ANEOS results in cooler disks with smaller values of VMF and in differences in disk mass that are dependent on the initial impact angle. We also assess the implications of the minimum “cutoff” density (ρ c ), similar to a maximum smoothing length, that is set as a fast-computing alternative to an iteratively calculated smoothing length. We find that the low particle resolution of the disk typically results in >40% of disk particles falling to ρ c , influencing the dynamical evolution and VMF of the disk. Our results show that the choice of EoS, ρ c , and particle resolution can cause the VMF and disk mass to vary by tens of percent. Moreover, small values of ρ c produce disks that are prone to numerical instability and artificial shocks. We recommend that future giant impact SPH studies review smoothing methods and ensure the thermodynamic stability of the disk over simulated time.

Improved Acoustic Tracking of RAFOS-Enabled Profiling Floats through the New Software Package artoa4argo

Abstract In sea ice–covered polar oceans, profiling Argo floats are often unable to surface for 9 months or longer, rendering acoustic RAFOS tracking the only method to obtain unambiguous under-ice positions. Tracking RAFOS-enabled floats has historically relied on the ARTOA3 software, which had originally been tailored toward nonprofiling floats in regions featuring the sound fixing and ranging (SOFAR) channel with acoustic ranges of approximately 1000 km. However, in sea ice–covered regions, RAFOS tracking is challenged due to (i) reduced acoustic ranges of RAFOS signals, and (ii) enhanced uncertainties in float and sound source clock offsets. A new software, built on methodologies of previous ARTOA versions, called artoa4argo, has been created to overcome these issues by exploiting additional float satellite fixes, resolving ambiguous float positions when tracking with only two sources and systematically resolving float and sound source clock offsets. To gauge the performance of artoa4argo, 21 RAFOS-enabled profiling floats deployed in the Weddell Sea during 2008–12 were tracked. These have previously been tracked in independent studies with a Kalman smoother and a multiconstraint method. The artoa4argo improves tracking by automating and streamlining methods. Although artoa4argo does not necessarily produce positions for every time step, which the Kalman smoother and multiconstraint methods do, whenever a track location is available, it outperforms both methods. Significance Statement Argo is an international program that collects oceanic data using floats that drift with ocean currents and sample the water column from 2000-m depth to the surface every 7–10 days. Upon surfacing, the float acquires a satellite position and transmits its data via satellite. In polar regions, with extensive seasonal sea ice coverage, floats are unable to surface for many months. Thus, any under-ice samples collected are missing positions, hampering their use in scientific endeavors. Since monitoring of polar regions is imperative to better understand and predict the effects of climate change, hydroacoustic tracking is employed there. Here a new acoustic tracking software, artoa4argo, is introduced, which improves tracking of these floats.

S3 Guideline Atopic dermatitis: Part1 - General aspects, topical and non-drug therapies, special patient groups.

This S3 guideline was created based on the European S3 guideline, with special consideration of the medical conditions in the German-speaking region and incorporating additions from the previous German-language version. The interdisciplinary guideline commission consisted of representatives from the German Dermatological Society, the Professional Association of German Dermatologists, the Austrian Society of Dermatology and Venereology, the Swiss Society of Dermatology and Venereology, the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology, the German Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, the Professional Association of Pediatricians and Adolescent Medicine, the Society for Pediatric Allergology and Environmental Medicine, the German Society for Pediatric Rehabilitation and Prevention, the German Society for Psychosomatic Medicine and Medical Psychotherapy, the German Network for Health Services Research, the German Eczema Association and the German Allergy and Asthma Association. This first part of the guideline focuses on the definition and diagnostic aspects of atopic dermatitis (AD), addressing topical therapy as well as non-pharmacological treatment approaches such as UV therapy, psychoeducational therapy, dietary interventions for AD, allergen immunotherapy for AD, and complementary medicine. This part of the guideline also covers specific aspects of AD in children and adolescents, during pregnancy and lactation, and in the context of family planning. Additionally, it addresses occupational aspects of AD and highlights the perspective of the patients. The second part of the guideline, published separately, addresses the systemic therapy of AD.

An ensemble multi-scale framework for long-term forecasting of air quality.

The significance of accurate long-term forecasting of air quality for a long-term policy decision for controlling air pollution and for evaluating its impacts on human health has attracted greater attention recently. This paper proposes an ensemble multi-scale framework to refine the previous version with ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and nonstationary oscillation resampling (NSOR) for long-term forecasting. Within the proposed ensemble multi-scale framework, we on one hand apply modified EMD to produce more regular and stable EMD components, allowing the long-range oscillation characteristics of the original time series to be better captured. On the other hand, we provide an ensemble mechanism to alleviate the error propagation problem in forecasts caused by iterative implementation of NSOR at all lead times and name it improved NSOR. Application of the proposed multi-scale framework to long-term forecasting of the daily PM2.5 at 14 monitoring stations in Hong Kong demonstrates that it can effectively capture the long-term variation in air pollution processes and significantly increase the forecasting performance. Specifically, the framework can, respectively, reduce the average root-mean-square error and the mean absolute error over all 14 stations by 8.4% and 9.2% for a lead time of 100 days, compared to previous studies. Additionally, better robustness can be obtained by the proposed ensemble framework for 180-day and 365-day long-term forecasting scenarios. It should be emphasized that the proposed ensemble multi-scale framework is a feasible framework, which is applicable for long-term time series forecasting in general.

The Morphology of Brain Neurons: The Box-Counting Method in the Quantitative Analysis of 2D Images.

This chapter begins by showing the difference between fractal geometry and fractal analysis. The text shows the difference between mathematical and natural fractals and how they are best defined by explaining the concept of fractal analysis. Furthermore, the text presents the most famous technique of fractal analysis: the box-counting method. Defining this method and showing the methodology that leads to the precise value of the fractal (i.e., the box) dimension is done by demonstrating the images of human dentate neurons. A more detailed explanation of the methodology was presented in the previous version of this chapter.This version promotes the notion of monofractal analysis and shows how three types of the same neuronal images can quantify four image properties. The results showed that monofractal parameters successfully quantified four image properties in three nuclei of the cerebellum. Finally, the author discusses the results of this chapter and previously published conclusions. The results show how the monofractal parameters discriminate images of neurons from the three nuclei of the human cerebrum. These outcomes are discussed along with the results of previous studies.

S3 guideline Atopic dermatitis: Part 2 - Systemic treatment.

The present S3 guideline was created based on the European English-language S3 guideline, with special consideration given to the medical conditions in the German-speaking region, and with additions from the previous German-language version, in accordance with the criteria of the AWMF. This second part of the guideline addresses the systemic therapy of atopic dermatitis (AD). It covers topics such as the indication for systemic therapy in children, adolescents, and adult patients with AD. Furthermore, it addresses all medications approved for AD, such as the biologics dupilumab and tralokinumab, the Janus kinase inhibitors abrocitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib, as well as conventional immunosuppressive therapies with systemic glucocorticosteroids and ciclosporin. Additionally, it discusses systemic off-label therapies. The first part of the guideline, published separately, includes the definition and diagnostic aspects of AD, describes topical therapy, non-drug therapy approaches, and addresses aspects related to special patient groups.

Muudetava tihedusega kangasuga. Ühe tööriista leiutamise lugu / Weaving reed for adjusting warp density while weaving: the inventing of a tool

The article is built around invention as a process, DIY as an attitude, and the activities and procedures necessary to make an invention in the field of crafts. The article opens a case study of the invention of one handweaving tool – a reed in which density is adjustable during weaving – tracking its journey from an idea to a prototype, a utility model, and a product. An overview of previous versions of the reed that allow changing the warp density is given. As follows, the process of invention has been described according to the stages perceived by the author, paying attention to her own experience as the inventor, and to factors that promote and hinder product development. The inventor’s choices in the process have been influenced by self-definition as a user and as an entrepreneur. Auto-ethnography has been used as a method for writing the article. I examine how DIY culture manifests itself in this specific case of the product development process, and how my roles as the inventor, entrepreneur, and weaver act in harmony in this process. The process of inventing in my case can be divided into the following stages: first – addressing the problem (how the weaver can change the warp density while weaving), and imagining the possible solutions; second – analysing the present situation to understand what spatial limitations of the handloom must be considered, and what moves can be made by the weaver during the weaving process. In order to reach a solution to the problem outlined above, I made a DIY version of the prototype tool using available materials (bricolage), and then used the tool myself. With the help of Ago Jääger, an engineer, the prototype was then developed into the version that could be manufactured. Valuable contacts were provided by Anne Erlach from the Patent Office of Estonia. Thanks to the support from textile specialists Vibeke Vestby (Norway), Andreas Möller (Germany) and Tina and Bernt Arne Ignell from VÄV (Scandinavian weaving journal), I started to promote the tool and reached out to the users who were inspired by the new warp manipulation possibilities and the variations that the tools brought with them. Here are the working principles of the three versions of adjustable reeds compared with that of a previously existing tool, the fan reed: Fan reed (invention from the 19th century) consists of dents that are under angles. By raising or lowering the tool, the warps get pushed into the new position. The pattern possibilities are restricted as the groups are dependent upon the position of the reed, and the wide setting and narrow setting are always side by side (1). Adjustable reed (AdRe) (Utility model, 2009) was the first version of my reeds, where warps can be manipulated during the weaving process in individual groups (2). Distance between the dents ischanged by changing the angle of the arms. Folding reed. This version of an adjustable reed was inspired by a carpenter’s folding ruler. With this type of reed dramatic changes in fabric width (3) are also possible; the position of one section of warps influences the position of the sections to the right and to the left of it (4). Adjustable sliding weaving reed (Utility model published in 2014). Adjustable sliding weaving reed enables the weaver to change the density of the reed (affects the warp density) in independent groups (5). It can also make twists in warps as the modules can be removed from the rail and fixed in a new position (6), and alter the width of the fabric while weaving (7).Commercially, this version is promoted under the name RailReed. Weaving reed for adjusting warp density while weaving. Examples are given of weavers and artists who use the possibilities of this tool to change the thread density in groups, as well as the fabric width during weaving, and how such manipulations of fabric structures are connected to the creative projects of these authors. Keywords: reed, adjustable weaving reed, adjusted warp density, handloom, inventing, DIY

Tıp Öğrencilerinin Biyoistatistik Sınavında ChatGPT-3.5 ve ChatGPT-4 Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması: Bir Eğitim Asistanı Olarak Artıları ve Eksileri

Studies have shown that the level of knowledge in biostatistics among medical students is lower than expected. This situation calls for the need to implement new methods in biostatistics education. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of ChatGPT as an education assistant in biostatistics. ChatGPT is a natural language processing model developed by OpenAI. It provides human-like responses to questions asked by users and is utilized in various fields for gaining information. ChatGPT operates with the latest GPT-4 model, while the previous version, GPT-3.5, is still in use. In this study the biostatistics performance of 245 Marmara University School of Medicine students was compared to ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 using an exam covering basic biostatistics topics. According to findings, ChatGPT-3.5 achieved 80% success rate in the exam, while ChatGPT-4 achieved 100% success rate. In contrast, the students achieved 67.9% success rate. Furthermore, ChatGPT-3.5 only recorded 33% success rate in questions requiring mathematical calculations, while ChatGPT-4 achieved 100% success rate in these questions. In conclusion, ChatGPT is a potential education assistant in biostatistics. Its success has increased significantly in the current version compared to the previous one. Further studies will be needed as new versions are released.

Smart Commodities Public Distribution System using IoT

In non-modern countries like India, the approach of allocating basic local goods to plight families is a significant approach to meeting the needs of a large number of people. The ongoing public dissemination system in Allot stores necessitates manual sum evaluation and trade record maintenance. The ongoing system has a ton of issues. One example is the IOT-based shrewd public appropriation framework project, which proposes a programmed method for getting products to verified cardholders. Similar to this, an informational index keeps track of the nuances of trades. Clients should enter their ID and mystery expression to get to their record through the High level cell. They are able to see the stock availability when they are successfully endorsed in. This structure uses a Raspberry Pi as the controller and uses a Specifics extraction-based extraordinary imprint coordinating computation, which has a higher accuracy score than previous versions. DC engines that are directly controlled by a Raspberry Pi for programmed product appropriation are used to open and close the valves. All along, one of the relatives need to enter one of a kind username and secret articulation. Right when client is supported in, he/she can see things that is open for that specific family account. The customer must provide a remarkable finger impression to the next level of confirmation in order to manage the items.

SATLAS2: An update to the package for analysis of counting data

SATLAS2 is a Python library that enables the user to fit counting data from laser spectroscopy experiments, in particular those that measure atomic hyperfine structures. In this analysis, the user can choose how the uncertainties are treated and can also opt to generate a random walk in order to present a fuller picture of the parameter space. The major upgrade compared to the previous version of SATLAS [1] is the different architecture of the codebase, which enabled a performance boost, with speed-up factors ranging from 20 to 300 times for various use cases. For backward compatibility, a translation layer between the two architectures is available, implementing only the core functionality of SATLAS. New version program summaryProgram Title: SATLAS2CPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/3hr8f5nkhb.2Developer's repository link:https://github.com/IKS-nm/satlas2Licensing provisions: MITProgramming language: PythonJournal reference of previous version: Computer Physics Communications, Volume 222, 2018, Pages 286-294, ISSN 0010-4655, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2017.09.012Does the new version supersede the previous version?: YesReasons for the new version: Improved and more stable performanceSummary of revisions: The architecture of the SATLAS package has been completely changed. Instead of operating on Models, using SumModel and LinkedModel for various analysis options, SATLAS2 works with a central Fitter object to which Sources get assigned, which themselves get assigned Models. This structure improves the performance by streamlining the code and benefits from using a pass by reference approach for changing the parameters, rather than a pass by value. Most of the functionality is maintained, with a small interface for most basic things available so SATLAS2 can be used as a drop-in replacement.Nature of problem: The analysis of specifically counting data has some special considerations compared to more common datasets with Gaussian-distributed uncertainties. Application of Bayesian inference through random walk exploration is useful for more accurate exploration of parameter space. The fitting of multiple models with shared parameters can be desirable for either fitting multiple datasets with the same parameters or imposing additional restrictions on the parameters.Solution method: SATLAS2 implements the correct statistical costs for fitting of both counting data and Gaussian distributed uncertainties, and allows an easy implementation of custom cost functions.. Through the implementation of multiple Sources and Models, a natural extension of the fitting is made, so multiple models can be both summed together to fit to the same data and multiple fits can be linked together through parameter linking, using the underlying LMFIT [2] library. The ability to fit simultaneously increases the possibilities for extensive statistical analyses, and the interface through LMFIT with the emcee [3] library enables Bayesian exploration of the parameter space.

The role of the retranslator: a case study of partial retranslations of the Mencius in Dutch

ABSTRACT The retranslator often plays a decisive role in the choice to do a partial or a complete retranslation of a text that has previously been translated into the same language within the same cultural system. The practice of retranslation is common enough in the case of classical texts, for reasons such as new interpretations of the source text and superseding previous versions in terms of accuracy and readability. When it comes to partial retranslation, the retranslator selects those parts of a text that are important for the purpose of the translation and the readership. This is not the same as omitting parts of the text that are deemed unsuitable or politically sensitive. As a case study, this article examines partial retranslations of the Chinese classical text the Mencius into Dutch. Although partial retranslations facilitate renewed access, the selection and fragmented parts manipulate and distort the original meaning of the source text, as opposed to full translations, which leave more room for the readers’ own selective reading and interpretation.