Previous Section Research Articles

The dimensions of the role of the educator in distance learning environments in covid19 era

The global pandemic that unfolded in recent years has left indelible marks on all aspects of daily life and social interactions. Universally, the prevalent form that dominated the Covid-19 era for the educational process at all levels was the use of teleconferencing and electronic communication tools. Educators of this new era have faced multiple and unexpected changes that have brought about transformations in their roles. For this reason, in Section 2, the multidimensional nature of the educator, as influenced by the pandemic, will be analyzed. Specifically, the second section of the main part will highlight the elements adopted during this period that will continue to shape future educational practices for achieving maximum learning outcomes. In contrast, the third section will address the key challenges faced by educators during the period of changes, as studied in the relevant literature. The fourth section of this work will provide a specific example for discussion, illustrating the difficulties that emerged from the challenges mentioned in the previous section. Finally, useful conclusions will be drawn from the literature review and the analysis of the subject.

Study of Interaction Design-Based Urban Architectural Space Optimization

In today's highly urbanized society, where science and technology are developing quickly, residents' quality of life has improved. Everyone is striving for a better life, and because urban residents must use and survive the urban space for a long time with a variety of defects brought on by the excessive process of urbanization, problems arising from the local context of on-demand optimization have become important. As a result, the primary area of research in this work is the study of interaction design-based spatial optimization of urban buildings. By analyzing the interactable scenarios in the city, the study methodology of this work summarizes the interaction method of space optimization. According to the study, the interactive aspects of urban space are primarily the ecological factors that change with the seasons, the material elements that deteriorate with usage and time, and the interactive technology elements brought on by technological advancement. Based on the interactive components of urban space that were summarized in the previous section, it is possible to draw the conclusion that the interaction of human behaviors, emotions, and senses with the interactivity of interaction design can be used to create a livable urban space.

Comparative analysis of thermal performance for precast panel systems with conventional and innovative insulation materials

ABSTRACT Precast facades are one of the most popular technology solutions featuring high-quality implementation and installation. They consist of three layers, both the external and internal layers are concrete composite, where the core is a thermal insulation material. This study explores the thermal performance improvement of these locally manufactured panels and evaluates their effectiveness in supporting building sustainability and energy saving. The study is performed experimentally. Leca and Addipor aggregates were used as a replacement of mix aggregate to produce lightweight heat-insulating concrete. Compressive strength equals 15MPa were taken for both Leca and Addipor replacement ratio. The study simulates several sections of precast concrete panels using ANSYS. Proposed concrete models with traditional and innovative thermal insulation materials, which are Expanded Polystyrene Foam (EPS), Extruded Polystyrene Foam (XPS), Rigid polyurethane foam (PU) and Vacuum insulation panels (VIPs), were analyzed. In addition, a virtual room space was simulated thermally using the previous sections to perform thermal simulations, as rate of heat transfer and amount of energy savings. The use of polyurethane foam (PU) as a new thermal insulation material and vacuum insulation panels (VIP) as an innovative thermal insulation material helps to reduce energy consumption by a rate of 143% and 700% of conventional insulation materials (EPS), respectively. It achieves internal thermal comfort and supports building sustainability.

Respon Petani Terhadap Benih Sawit Unggul Di Desa Radak Baru Kecamatan Terentang Kabupaten Kubu Raya

The purpose of this study was to determine the response of farmers to superior Dumpy seeds from PPKS Parindu and to determine the level of knowledge, skills, and attitudes of farmers towards superior Dumpy oil palm seeds from PPKS Parindu. This Kajiwidya and Counseling activity will be held from April to May 2023 in Radak Baru Village, Terentang District, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province. The place was chosen because most of the community's economy depends on the results of the cultivation of oil palm plants, from the area of ​​land owned by the community, which is 2 hectares each per head of household, most of it has been planted with oil palm. In this study, the authors used a qualitative descriptive approach. the population in this study were farmers who owned oil palm plantations in Radak Baru Village, Terentang District, Kubu Raya Regency, with a total of 412 farmers. The sample that has been determined is 41 oil palm farmers in Radak Baru Village. The data collection technique that will be carried out in the implementation of this study uses a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The data used in this assessment activity consists of primary and secondary data. The observational variables in this study were the characteristics of the respondents and the responses of the farmers which included their attitudes, knowledge and skills. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion as described in the previous section, it can be concluded that the response of farmers to the superior Dumpy palm seeds from PPKS Parindu was generally very good. And counseling activities that are based on aspects of knowledge, attitudes and skills in general are effective

The Vice of Social Comparison in Kierkegaard: Nature, Religious Moral Psychology, and Normativity

This paper argues for the thesis that social comparison is, for Kierkegaard, a vice. The first part of this article reconstructs Kierkegaard’s understanding of the nature of social comparison. Here, I bring attention to his anthropological but also political and sociological observations that pertain to social comparison and its links to modernity. The second part reconstructs the moral psychological account of social comparison in Kierkegaard, drawing on some of the available secondary literature. I complement Kierkegaard’s consideration of social comparison in relation to worry and humility with his account of the non-cognitive aspects of its operationality. The third part demonstrates that social comparison is a vice. Therein, drawing on the previous sections of this article, I identify Kierkegaard’s naturalistic argument engaged to present social comparison as a non-moral and non-religious vice (functionalism), pointing toward its intermeshing with the moral religious.

Experimental study on the flow field geometry of the PEM fuel cell bipolar plates: The effects of various shaped blocks embedded in serpentine pattern on cell performance

The flow field pattern is crucial in many aspects such as cost-efficiency (in terms of excessive fuel consumption), water management on the cathode side, and achieving a high cell performance. The studies on the reconnaissance of much more effective flow field design have been continuing for years. As a matter of fact, it may be succeeded with some manipulations on the flow area. The current research proposes to investigate the effects of blocks in various shapes and positions on the net power output by changing the shape of the channels in the flow field (FF). For this reason, semicircular and triangular blocks were machined on the serpentine channels and their short-term performances were compared with the conventional serpentine pattern. In addition to the related new FF designs, performance evaluation was made by using nickel foam placed to fill the inner part of the serpentine FF. First, ultimate operating conditions were optimized with the traditional serpentine FF. Then, the performance outputs of the proposed FF designs were compared under the same conditions assigned in the previous section. The single-cell performance tests yielded that the highest power density was ensured with nickel foam (NF)-serpentine FF with 0.267 W/cm2. This increment corresponds to a 38 % enhancement in the power output when compared to the classical serpentine-type FF. Triangular (T) and semicircular (S) obstacles increased the performance significantly. Each manipulation on the traditional serpentine FF affected the power output positively, essentially. The pattern structures of the diagonal semicircle (DS) and diagonal triangular (DT) FFs reduced both water evacuation ability and performance increase rate. NF-serpentine FF contact highly decreased the ohmic resistance level of the cell when compared to the other designs according to the impedance (EIS) measurements. In addition, a correlation was observed between the performance and pressure drop test results. The highest-pressure drop was recorded with NF-serpentine FF (4.225 kPa) whereas the lowest is conventional serpentine FF (0.55 kPa). Traditional serpentine pattern is famous for with high-pressure drop structure. Consecutively, the pressure drop tests proved that the manipulations increased the pressure level of the system directly.

Actions of generalized derivations on prime ideals in $*$-rings with applications

In this paper, we make use of generalized derivations to scrutinize the deportment of prime ideal satisfying certain algebraic $*$-identities in rings with involution. In specific cases, the structure of the quotient ring $\mathscr{R}/\mathscr{P}$ will be resolved, where $\mathscr{R}$ is an arbitrary ring and $\mathscr{P}$ is a prime ideal of $\mathscr{R}$ and we also find the behaviour of derivations associated with generalized derivations satisfying algebraic $*$-identities involving prime ideals. Finally, we conclude our paper with applications of the previous section's results.

Designing Supply Chain Resilience with a Quality Function Deployment Approach: A Case Study in a Shipping Line Company

Supply chain resilience is needed for companies to be able to reduce the impact of risks that can occur to the company. The purpose of this study is to analyze supply chain resilience in a shipping line company, which is one of the players in the maritime logistics industry. This research adopts a Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach that considers customer needs and maritime risks. The results of this study identified 15 customer needs and obtained 3 priority customer needs, namely no errors on invoices and B/L, professional shipping services and easy and realtime tracking of goods shipments. 18 risks have been identified and 3 risk priorities have been obtained, namely damage to communication devices, handling errors and delays in handling documents or goods by EMKL. 26 causes of risk have been identified and 3 priority causes of risk have been identified, namely lack of skill and accuracy of employees, server disruption and lack of work motivation in employees. Based on the analysis that has been carried out in the previous sections, there are 18 resilience measures as risk mitigation that can be carried out by companies. The following are the top-ranked resilience measures, including providing training on sending and receiving goods, establishing good communication with customers and providing training on how to communicate well.

Recentering the human in the continuums of in/mobility and in/security: Perceptions from two emblematic borders

This paper argues for a need to decenter the state and (re)center the human when exploring mobilities within international relations scholarship. To make this argument we bring together feminist and critical security studies, as well as multidisciplinary insights, to address the encounter between the person on the move and the enforcement of national sovereignty. This allows us to highlight the continuums of in/security and im/mobility entwined in this encounter. In so doing, we challenge the discipline’s understanding of security that is often conceptualized from the perspective of state security only, despite critiques of such understandings that emanate from and build on different critical approaches. Furthermore, feminist international relations scholarship and feminist security studies in particular have stressed the necessity to examine security and violence as continuums that traverse across sites ranging from the corporeal and intimate to the global and transnational, and which span over time. Combined with mobility studies that focus on migrant trajectories across countries, regions, and continents with periods of chosen or unwanted immobility in between, this body of scholarship helps us understand how border enforcement impacts diversely positioned persons’ lives. Such an exercise is also useful for making visible the intended and unintended consequences of policymaking that is based on state interests only, and one that refuses to acknowledge the human beings who are caught up in these consequences. Methodologically, the paper draws on long-term ethnographic research conducted at the Mexican side of the Mexico-US border and in Morocco. We have brought together insights from our respective research projects to address border externalization and its impact in two different parts of the world, enacted by two different states (the US) and supranational entities (the EU) on their neighbors to the South, likely to be economically and politically less powerful but supposedly similarly sovereign states. The paper is organized as follows: we begin the first section by discussing the key notion of state sovereignty which is enacted at the border and demonstrate how borders of certain states extend far beyond their demarcated territories. This process, conceptualized as externalization of migration management and border control, can be perceived as contradicting the sovereignty of those states subjected to these externalization practices. We then move on to the notion of security and ask the question of whose security is at stake. Here we demonstrate how the enforcement of state security jeopardizes the safety and security of those people on the move who are located in less privileged positions in the global hierarchies of mobility. In the second section, we discuss how the perspectives outlined in the previous section manifest in our two research sites. This section focuses on the continuums of mobility and immobility and those of security and insecurity, and proposes how we could begin addressing the diversely positioned human as a manifold yet full subject. We argue that International Relations scholarship usually ignores the human altogether or, at best, acknowledges the human in high-level politics drawing on the model based on the theory on rational actorness. Moreover, the analysis of insights gained at our research sites sheds light on the ways in which mobility is unevenly distributed, and how the enactment of mobility is gendered and racialized in complex ways. We conclude the paper by reflecting what these concerns might mean for international relations scholarship at the conjuncture of human im/mobility and security, and for contributing towards mobility justice.

Vibrationally resolved deep–red circularly polarised luminescence spectra of C70 derivative through Gaussian curvature analysis of ground and excited states

Over the last years, the interaction of fullerene with circularly polarized light has attracted growing attention for potential electronic and optical applications. However, in literature there is only one example of fullerene derivative capable of emitting circularly polarized light, showing an active circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signal in the deep-red visible region. This unique luminophore offered us the possibility to study the connection between the topological features of C70 spheroid and its chiral emission properties. In light of these considerations, we proposed a theoretical protocol that combines three different step: (1) The Ball Pivoting Algorithm for C70 surface reconstruction. (2) The discrete gaussian curvature analysis in the ground (S0) and excited states (S1). (3) The computation of the vibrationally-resolved CPL spectrum. The first step allowed us to extract useful information that linked the topological shape of C70 to the sp2 carbon network chemistry. The DFT benchmark in the second step guided us in grasping the best functional for the C70 curvature simulation in the ground state, spotlighting how B97D3 excellently succeed for this task. The curvature investigation in the first excited state showed that (for all the twenty exchange–correlation functional tested) the C70 fragment is more curved in S1 than in S0. The final step collected the topological information from the previous sections to provide a detailed overview of the theoretical factors (such as the quantum formalism, the potential energy surface description and the transition dipole moment approximation) impacting on the C70 vibrationally resolved CPL spectrum. We found that the adiabatic hessian model coupled with the Franck-Condon Herzberg-Teller approximation computed at PW6B95D3/6-311G(d,p) level provides excellent results in emulating the band-shape and position of the experimental CPL spectrum.

CARL CZERNY AND FERDINAND BEYER IN INITIAL PIANO EDUCATION REVIEWS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON EDUCATIONAL APPROACHES

The piano is one of the few polyphonic instruments in the world that requires a high level of coordination in both hands. For this reason, besides the composers writing works for the introductory piano, the piano methods of Carl Czerny and Ferdinand Beyer, two composers who only focused on piano education, are still used today. However, the technically different approaches of both composers to piano education constituted the basic building block of this work. First of all, Ferdinand Beyer's educational perspective was formed with the information compiled from the sources obtained as a result of the researches and comments on the composer's basic piano method. Evaluation in terms of school and expectations at the beginner piano level and an observation about the achievements of the students were included in the study. In the second part, examinations on Carl Czerny's initial piano method and the composer's technical point of view are given with examples on the research and work mentioned in the previous section. Finally, the data obtained in both sections were collected and comparisons were made in the last section, and as a result of the comparisons, results were written on their suitability for students both technically and musically.

First Double-Differential Measurement of Kinematic Imbalance in Neutrino Interactions with the MicroBooNE Detector.

We report the first measurement of flux-integrated double-differential quasielasticlike neutrino-argon cross sections, which have been made using the Booster Neutrino Beam and the MicroBooNE detector at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The data are presented as a function of kinematic imbalance variables which are sensitive to nuclear ground-state distributions and hadronic reinteraction processes. We find that the measured cross sections in different phase-space regions are sensitive to different nuclear effects. Therefore, they enable the impact of specific nuclear effects on the neutrino-nucleus interaction to be isolated more completely than was possible using previous single-differential cross section measurements. Our results provide precision data to help test and improve neutrino-nucleus interaction models. They further support ongoing neutrino-oscillation studies by establishing phase-space regions where precise reaction modeling has already been achieved.

Measurement of the photoabsorption cross section of 24Mg.

Accurate nuclear data is a key factor in determining the suitability and reliability of many theoretical nuclear models and large-scale calculations. One of the main ingredients of these calculations is how nuclei respond to an electromagnetic field. The excitation of the isovector giant dipole resonance (GDR) is of particular importance in both nuclear structure studies as well as being the main mode of interaction of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with the extra-galactic medium. This study investigates the photoabsorption cross section in the region of the GDR in 24Mg through the use of proton inelastic scattering and the equivalent virtual photon method. The K600 spectrometer at the iThemba LABS facility was used to obtain high resolution, low background 24Mg(p,p’)24Mg* inelastic scattering data. The virtual photon absorption method is described and the result of applying the method is presented and compared to a previous real photon absorption cross section.

Role of Prophylactic Dexamethasone Administration before Elective Cesarean Section at Term in Reducing the Incidence of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (A Randomized Controlled Trial)

Background Caesarean section rate has been increased, half of which are elective. This may be due to abnormal presentation during pregnancy, increased maternal choice about mode of delivery and due to changing practice in the management of previous caeserean sections. Aim of the Work The objective of this study is to assess the effect of prophylactic dexamethasone 48 h before elective cesarean section at term (less than 39 weeks) on decreasing the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and NICU admission. Patients and Methods Design: A randomized controlled clinical trial. 2 groups; (Group A, Dexa) which consists of 460 pregnants who received prophylactic 4 intramuscular doses of 6mg dexamethasone 12 hours apart 48 hours before delivery. And (Groups B, Control) 460 pregnants who received No treatment before elective caesarean section at term (37-39 wks). Results Regarding the indication for the C.S, there was no significant difference between women of both groups. There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups as regarding birth weight. Neonates of dexamethasone group significantly had higher APGAR scores. Transient tachypnea of neonates (TTN) was significantly less frequent among dexamethasone group (2.8%) while in the control group was (6.5%). Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was significantly less frequent among dexamethasone (A) group 3/460 (0.7%) while was 15/460 (3.3%) in control (B) group. Also (RDS) grade was significantly less frequent among dexamethasone group. The intraventricular hemorrhage was non-significantly less frequent among dexamethasone group (0.2%). The need to resuscitation was significantly less frequent among dexamethasone group (6.3%) while in control group was (11.5%). NICU admission was significantly less frequent among dexamethasone group (3.5%) vs (9.1%) in control group. Also NICU admission duration was significantly shorter among dexamethasone group. The need for mechanical ventilation was significantly less frequent among dexamethasone group (0.2%) while in control group was (1.7%). Mechanical ventilation duration was significantly shorter among dexamethasone group. Neonatal mortality was nonsignificantly less frequent among dexamethasone group (0.2%) while in control group (0.4%). Conclusion Antenatal Corticosteroids are effective in prevention of respiratory complications after elective caesarean section at term including: the incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, the incidence of admission with respiratory distress to neonatal ICU and the incidence of transient tachyponea of the newborn.

Analysis of cox proportional hazard model for dropout students in university: case study from SIMAD university

PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent of dropout students and identify the relationship between risk factors of dropout and the survival time of students.Design/methodology/approachThe Kaplan–Meier estimator (KM), also known as the product-limit technique, is a nonparametric model function that is commonly used in estimating survival function events (Kaplan and Meier, 1958). The survival function's Kaplan–Meier estimators are used to estimate and graph survival probabilities as a function of time, as well as explanatory data analysis (EDA) for the survival data, including the median survival time, and compare for two or more of the survival events. In addition, Cox proportional hazards model is employed for modelling purpose.FindingsResults of the Kaplan–Meier curves show that male students have lower survival rates than female, researchers have found that there is a difference between the survival times of the student's school types, results show students from English-based schools are higher than Arabic-based schools as suggested by the survival curve. Similarly, there is a difference between the survival times of students aging equal or greater than 25 and students aging less than 25 and survival function estimates of dropout according to high school grade marks has huge difference. These results were confirmed using log rank test as age, school type and marks were statistically significantly different while gender is not statistically significant.Research limitations/implicationsThere is no study of this kind from the Somalia context about the student's dropout. Subsequent to the outbreak of civil war in 1988 and the collapse of the central government in 1991, all public social services in Somalia including education centers were severely disrupted.Originality/valueThe statistical methods discussed in the previous section will be applied on a real dataset obtained from different offices of the university; most of the data were extracted from faculty of economics office and admission and record office. The data set comprised of 70 students from SIMAD university, consists of full-time faculty of economics students who enrolled at the university in the academic year of 2017–2018 until two years of diploma, students either complete 24 months of diploma or leave the university and that is the event of interest.

Legal Risks and Regulating Suggestions on Cross-border Tax Avoidance: Using Thin Capitalization As a Starting Point

With the integration of the global economy and the rising volume of international transactions, tax avoidance by MNCs poses a huge challenge to the global economy. Thin capitalization by MNCs creates serious tax base erosion and profit shifting for host countries and is a tax avoidance tool that cannot be ignored. This paper focuses on the present legal risks of thin capitalization and thus proposes recommendations for improving the legal regulation of tax avoidance by MNCs. Firstly, this paper introduces the concept of thin capitalization and analyses the impact of capital weakening by MNCs as a tax avoidance tool on the host country, revealing that thin capitalization by MNCs can have significant adverse effects on the host country.Secondly, the paper then looks at international law and the tax laws of China, the UK and Germany. The analysis concludes that international tax treaties are effective in regulating thin capitalization by MNCs. This paper analyses the advantages of international tax treaties and shows their importance.Finally, this paper makes suggestions for improving international tax cooperation based on the importance of international tax treaties as analyzed in the previous section. This paper proposes that the improvement of the BEPS MLI may start with setting a time limit on treaty reservations, strengthening the tax administration systems of economically underdeveloped countries and regions, and encouraging developing countries to actively participate in international tax cooperation.

European Regulatory Approaches to Preventing Carbon Leakage: Rolling Back Johnson’s EU ‘Diplomacy’ for a Brighter Environmental Future

Further to the EU carbon regulatory framework, particularly the EU Emissions Trading Scheme and the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), this legal and related implementation research addresses the regulatory future of carbon leakage prevention within the UK industrial sector. Carbon leakage from other countries or sectors will not be addressed. Further, the UK ETS will be the central regulatory mechanism from which carbon leakage will be considered while other avenues will not be addressed. The scope will be narrowed further for a case study, which explores the regulatory scenario in the context of the UK cement industry as a demonstration of a regulatory scenario in action. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no research currently explores future prevention of carbon leakage in the UK ETS with specific qualitative analysis of the UK cement industry. This research is designed to fill this gap. This research also identifies and analyses the regulatory options available to prevent carbon leakage in the UK ETS for the UK industrial sector, to guide future regulatory strategy with continuing EU regulatory alignment in mind, at least as a means of Brexit damage control limitation noting that Johnsonian Anti-EU diplomacy needs to be reversed in the UK environmental and economic interest. Among the objectives of the research, we review and critique the evidence base for carbon regulatory leakage within the UK’s industrial sector, and the historical and current regulatory strategies to avoid it. We analyse how a particular regulatory scenario may apply to the UK cement industry, and how the industry may be affected by the implementation of this regulatory scenario. Interviews with key experts and stakeholders were conducted in order to reinforce and validate the literature and case study analysis. After an Introduction (section I), the research design is explained and justified in methodological terms (section II). Then we conduct a literature analysis to address the phenomenon of carbon leakage in its current and historical context (section III). A regulatory scenario is developed and presented in section IV to understand CBAM implementation challenges. In section V we conduct a case study of CBAM and the cement industry to further explore the regulatory scenario. Section VI, the Discussion section addresses semi-structured interview responses which are thematically analysed alongside findings from previous sections. Finally, we conclude with remarks about key findings, limitations and future research opportunities. In summation, if the UK hopes to meet its ambitious climate goals, an updated carbon leakage strategy is required to mitigate this. The UK should immediately consider how it wishes to align with the EU ETS on these regulatory matters. Experts across sectors agreed that pursuing linkage of the UK ETS with the EU ETS and implementing a similar CBAM would benefit the UK. If this is the regulatory future of choice, alignment of current regulatory strategy with this goal is required sooner rather than later. Emissions Trading, Regulation, EU ETS, UK ETS, Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, European Union, United Kingdom

PRESIDENTIAL SPEECH: EXPLORING JOKO WIDODO IN HANDLING COVID-19 CASES

Speech is the process of using language, which means knowing or being able to choose words that can affect how people communicate. Discourses can convey the contemplations, information, or considerations of the speaker to the whole populace and want to convince the crowd. This study aims to determine how President Jokowi's virtual speech uses presuppositions to describe the Corona Virus Handling Problem. This study used excerpts from President Jokowi's speech taken from articles on Bisnis.com as its data. The information is then dissected and categorized into six types of presuppositions using presuppositions. Only three of the six types of presuppositions that were discussed in the previous section were utilized by President Jokowi in his speech, particularly factual, lexical, and relational words. President Jokowi made frequent use of this factual presumption in his speech. presumption of facts, which President Jokowi typically employs in his speeches

Why Mereological Essentialism Applies to Mereological Aggregates

Abstract This article’s purpose is to defend the depiction of ordinary-sized physical objects as mereological aggregates (MAs), to clarify what the ontology of an MA is, and to show why mereological essentialism (ME) applies to MAs that seem to be ubiquitous if we are to adopt what Frank Jackson calls “Serious Metaphysics” and refuse to broaden our ontology beyond what is (allegedly) bequeathed to us by physics and chemistry. To accomplish this goal, first, I clarify certain background issues that inform what follows and I identify certain constraints that relate to the contemporary ambivalence towards ME. Second, I present a primer on Husserlian mereology that provides a superior account of parts and wholes than the inadequate approach identified in the previous section. Third, I will offer a defense of ME as the correct approach to providing an ontological account of MAs. Finally, I will evaluate two defeaters against my thesis.

Intervention on my LD Learner’s Spelling and Writing Difficulties through spelling instruction and ICTs

The purpose of this article is to develop a lesson plan enhancing my learner’s spelling skills after the non- standardized test that assessed her spelling/ written expression. The lesson will be taught to a group of learners and not only to an individual, as any intervention can be really successful when applied to an inclusive class that accepts all learners regardless of their strengths or weaknesses (Sandmel & Graham, 2011). In the first part, there is a short description of the LD learner’s learning profile and then, there is a description of the teaching context. Moreover, there is a presentation of the aims set in the particular lesson in order to improve the learner’s spelling skills. Then, in the second part, there is a presentation of the actual lesson and a justification upon choices. Finally, there is a conclusion, summarizing all the theoretical concepts mentioned in the previous sections.