Prevention Training Program Research Articles

The Impact of a Virtual Tobacco Prevention and Advocacy Training Among Youth in Appalachian Kentucky Communities.

Engaging youth is an important component of comprehensive tobacco control programs. This paper describes the impact of a virtual tobacco prevention training program to encourage and prepare youth in Appalachia to support tobacco prevention policies, to strengthen interpersonal confidence to address tobacco use within their communities and enhance advocacy self-efficacy for tobacco control. A two-part evidence-informed peer-led tobacco prevention and advocacy training was implemented among 16 high school students from Appalachian counties in Kentucky. The initial training (January 2021) included an overview of the e-cigarette landscape, advocacy skills related to policy change, developing messages to decision makers, and media advocacy. A follow-up session (March 2021) included a breakdown of advocacy skills and overcoming barriers. Overall, participants held strong beliefs that tobacco use is an issue that needs to be addressed in their community. There was a statistically significant average difference in student interpersonal confidence between baseline and post-surveys (t = 2.016, P = .062 < .1). Students who participated in at least 1 of the provided advocacy events indicated higher self-reported advocacy. Youth in Appalachia expressed an interest to advocate for stronger tobacco policy in their communities. Youth who participated in the tobacco advocacy policy trainings reported improvements in attitudes, interpersonal confidence, advocacy self-efficacy, and self-reported advocacy. Youth engagement in tobacco policy advocacy is promising and needs to be further supported.

A Study on the Effects of a Jeollabuk-do Suicide Prevention Training Program for Professional Gatekeeper Instructors

A Study on the Effects of a Jeollabuk-do Suicide Prevention Training Program for Professional Gatekeeper Instructors

Passive stiffness of the quadriceps predicts the incidence of clinical knee osteoarthritis in twelve months.

Quadriceps weakness is a known risk factor for the onset of knee osteoarthritis (OA). In addition to muscle weakness, increased passive stiffness of the quadriceps may affect knee biomechanics and hence contribute to the pathogenesis of knee OA. However, the association between quadriceps stiffness and the risk of knee OA development has not been prospectively investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate how baseline quadriceps passive stiffness predicts the incidence of clinical knee OA at the 12-month follow-up. Prospective cohort study. University laboratory. Community-dwelling adults aged 60-80 years were recruited. We excluded participants with: 1) knee pain or known arthritis; 2) knee injury; 3) knee or hip joint replacement, 4) cognitive impairment; or 5) neurological conditions. At baseline, passive stiffness of the three superficial quadriceps muscle heads (rectus femoris [RF], vastus lateralis [VL], and vastus medialis oblique [VMO]) was evaluated using shear-wave ultrasound elastography. Knee muscle (quadriceps and hamstrings) strength was tested using a Cybex dynamometer. Knee OA was defined based on clinical criteria 12 months after baseline measurements. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the associations of quadriceps stiffness and knee muscle strength with the risk of knee OA, controlling for age, sex, Body Mass Index, comorbidities, and activity level. The analyses included 158 knees (58.2% females, age: 65.6±4.1 years). Twenty-eight knees (17.7%) were classified as having clinical OA at 12 months. Compared with the lowest stiffness tertiles, the highest stiffness tertiles of the RF (relative risk =5.31, 95% CI: 1.34-21.0), VMO (4.15, 1.04-16.6), and total superficial quadriceps (6.35, 1.48-27.3) at baseline were significantly associated with a higher risk of knee OA at the follow-up. The highest strength tertile of quadriceps has a trend of association with a lower risk of knee OA than the lowest tertile (0.18, 0.03-1.25, P=0.083). Greater passive stiffness of the quadriceps at baseline was associated with a higher risk of clinical knee OA incidence at the 12-month follow-up. Interventions for reducing the passive stiffness of the quadriceps should be included in preventative training programs for older adults.

Evaluating an Agricultural Community Suicide Prevention Program: Instrumentation and Impact

Highlights This paper details an evaluation of a piloted community-based farmer suicide prevention training program using a revised Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide Questionnaire. Indicating program utility and impact, willingness to intervene with a person in crisis increased by 0.21 logits (p&amp;lt;0.01) in program participants who completed pre- and post-training surveys. A comparison of growth in the willingness to intervene variable across participant demographics and characteristics revealed a change of 0.43 logits among males, compared to 0.096 for females (p=0.059). Researchers recommend that the program be tailored to consider gender differences. Abstract. In this study, researchers detail an evaluation of a pilot community-based farmer suicide prevention program that used QPR-based training customized for the agricultural community. Community-based mental health programs have been cited as key to addressing the worldwide suicide rate, but evidence of their execution and utility is not well documented, particularly within the agricultural community context. Researchers used Kirkpatrick's (1998) training evaluation model and a pre-post one-group design (Eseryel, 2002) of consenting training participants to conduct a preliminary assessment of programmatic impact. Using a revised Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide Questionnaire (Aldrich et al., 2014), which treated the questionnaire as an interval level scale suitable for parametric analysis, researchers found statistically significant differences in pre-training willingness to intervene between male and female respondents as well as those who work in agriculture and those who do not. An analysis of those respondents who completed both pre- and post-training surveys indicated statistically significant growth of 0.21 logits in the willingness to intervene variable, as well as remarkable growth for male participants in comparison to female participants. Keywords: . Evaluation of suicide prevention program, Farmer suicide prevention, Rasch analysis, Willingness to intervene.

Effectiveness of a Child Abuse Prevention Training Program on the Tendency Towards Child Abuse and Parental Self-Efficacy in Mothers with a History of Child Abuse

Objective: This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a child abuse prevention training method on the tendency towards child abuse and parental self-efficacy in mothers with a history of committing child abuse in the city of Isfahan. Methods and Materials: This applied research was of a quasi-experimental type, conducted with a pre-test, post-test, and a 2-month follow-up with a control group. The population in this study included all clients of the social emergency centers in Isfahan in the year 2023, from which 30 mothers with a history of child abuse interested in participating were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Participants from both groups completed the Child Abuse Tendency (CAT) and Parental Self-Efficacy (PSE) questionnaires at the pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up stages. The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of child abuse prevention training. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and the repeated measures analysis of variance method. Findings: The results of the repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that child abuse prevention training effectively reduces the tendency towards child abuse (F=28.45) and also increases the self-efficacy (F=55.73) of mothers with a history of child abuse (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that to reduce the tendency towards child abuse and improve the self-efficacy of mothers with a history of child abuse, the child abuse prevention training method can be used.

EVALUATION OF FALL RISK PREVENTION EDUCATION THROUGH AGE-FRIENDLY PARTNERSHIPS

Abstract Falls in the home and community environments are the leading cause of injuries and long-term disabilities for the aging population. This study examines the outcomes of a partnership among an academic institution, government agency, community nonprofit, and emergency services organization to expand access to a fall prevention training program by targeting delivery in postal codes identified as underserved with high rates of falls emergencies (hot spots) and non-high rates (non-hot spots). A total of 354 adults aged 50 and older participated in a fall prevention education program, with 188 (53%) participants completing at least five sessions (completers), of which 35% resided in hot spot areas. Descriptive statistics for frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviations values were calculated for demographic variables. A paired t-test analysis was conducted to compare initial and final scores for self-assessed general health and fall efficacy programs. The paired sample t-test statistics revealed significant improvements in fall efficacy for completers in hot spots (t= -6.23; p &amp;lt; 0.001) and non-hot spots areas (t= - 11.17; p &amp;lt; 0.001). No statistical differences (p &amp;gt; 0.05) were observed between the initial and final scores of the self-assessed general health for completers in hot spots and non-hot spot areas. Cross-sector collaboration to deliver targeted falls prevention training at various community locations can effectively reach underserved, at-risk older adults, although additional retention strategies must be considered. In conclusion, identifying at-risk older adults to mobilize partnerships, limited resources can be allocated towards improving retention and program outcomes of community-based fall prevention education.

Experiences of a mental health promotion, prevention, and early-intervention training program targeted to school nurses in the United Arab Emirates.

To report participants' and facilitators' experiences of mental health promotion, prevention, and early-intervention training program targeted at school nurses in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The UAE school healthcare service is staffed by full-time nurses and part-time doctors and linked to primary healthcare centers. This service supports children's physical and mental well-being. However, school nurses' capacity to realize the potential of this service, particularly regarding mental health, has not yet been explored. We used an exploratory qualitative approach with data triangulation. Data were drawn from school nurses that participated in a targeted mental health promotion, prevention, and early-intervention training program. Data were gathered through focus group interviews with participating school nurses, written reflections, and notes recorded by the program designers and trainers. All school nurses who participated in the training program (N=15) were included in this study. This study adhered to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. Nurses' narratives encompassed three main themes, which indicated the program was an enjoyable professional and personal journey that allowed professional discovery/development and personal growth. Program organizers/facilitators indicated the training program was important, but challenging to implement. Four themes emerged from their reflections that covered the structure of school nursing services, participants' competency and education, the UAE context, and teaching style. A well-structured professional development program can contribute to improving mental healthcare in schools. Improved service structure and regulations to support this goal are essential. School nurses benefit professionally and personally from targeted mental health training, which also improves the care students receive. School healthcare service managers should consider increasing such training opportunities for nurses and focus on measuring service outcomes and evaluating effectiveness. It is also necessary to reassess the minimum qualification requirement for school nurses. Specific professional development programs for school nurses will improve their clinical practice and support the recruitment of competent and prepared staff.

Effect of Alcohol Prevention Program on Subject Well-being Scale, Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale and Alcohol Decisional Balance Scale of Alcohol Related Prisoners in Correctional Institutions in Korea

Introduction: This research intends to determine the intervening effect of alcohol prevention education programs on subjective well-being, alcohol abstinence self-efficacy, and alcohol decisional balance of alcohol-related prisoners. Methods: The subjects of the research were 25 alcohol-related prisoners who were detained in S district prisons in South Korea. The program was organized into less than 10 subjects for each session and carried out in three rounds from June 1 to July 2, 2019. A total of eight sessions programs were provided for four weeks, two times a week for each session. The collected data were analyzed with frequency, percentage, and paired t-test using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: After the alcohol prevention training program, there was significant difference in subjective well-being scores (t=3.05, p= .005) and alcohol decisional balance score (t=2.16, p=.041). However, there was no significant difference in the abstinence self-efficacy score (t=-1.17, p=.254). Conclusion: Implementing the program will not only enriches the quality of life of alcohol-related prisoners by improving inherent positive emotions but also contribute to re-socialization and reduction of recidivism by making them aware of shortcomings rather than the benefits of alcohol.

Evidence of Physical Training Programs for Fall Prevention in Seniors

Evidence of Physical Training Programs for Fall Prevention in Seniors Abstract. It has been shown that physical exercise reduced fall risk by 23-42% in community-dwelling adults aged 65+. This is particularly true for physical exercises with functional, balance and strength components. Growing evidence shows that functional training is particularly effective in reducing fall risk. Functional training is composed by exercises which reflect activities of daily life, supported by weights and other aids.

The Need for Covid- 19 Prevention Training Program and its Effect in Community

This essay discusses the need for Covid 19 prevention training program and its effect to community members. Community training create enabling environment for community members to critically look to their skills, prepares community members to adapt new lifestyle in systematic and in logical manners in how they address the immerging health challenges. Community training stimulates, motivates, empowers and streamline community members to improve quality of their lives and ability to deals with life challenges, particularly in health and personal hygiene. The community training increase health promotion effect and has higher chance of improving how community members may be able to comply and adhere to the instructions of Covid 19 preventions. Community training has an effect on positive attitude and safe community and working environment which also bring good relationship between community members and leaders, employers, employees and visitors of community organizations or places. The community health training fosters collective responsibilities to respond to new health challenges and motivate community members to easily adapt new knowledge and attitude to eliminate diseases of public health importance. The main purpose of this training must be to increase knowledge, skills and improve mental health condition that will influence psychosocial change and remove discouraging factors that has been observed to critically affecting the community and health staff in providing services while fighting Covid-19 to increase vaccine uptake. The training program should use competent trainers with well-planned and structured contents that include specific goal, objectives, and training activities to address mental health; Depression, anxiety, psychological distress and vaccine intake hesitance. The appropriate Pedagogical approaches of training will be able to create effective interaction between trainees and trainers for effective learning that influence changes. Keywords: Covid-19 prevention, Community training, Community members, Covid-19 vaccination, Mental health, Vaccine hesitance.

Preventive Training Program Feedback Complexity, Movement Control, and Performance in Youth Athletes.

Preventive training programs (PTPs) reduce injury risk by improving movement control. Corrective feedback is important; however, many cues at once may be too complicated for athletes. To compare movement control and long-jump (LJ) changes in youth athletes participating in a season-long PTP, with simplified feedback, traditional feedback, or a warmup of the coaches' choosing. Cluster-randomized controlled trial. Soccer fields. A total of 420 athletes (simplified feedback = 173, traditional feedback = 118, and control = 129; age = 11 ± 3 years). Teams were randomized into the simplified PTP, traditional PTP, or control group. Simplified and traditional PTPs lasted 10 to 12 minutes and used the same exercises. The simplified PTP provided only sagittal-plane feedback (eg, "get low"), and the traditional PTP provided feedback targeting all motion planes (eg, "don't let your knees cave inward"). Research assistants administered the PTP warmups 2 to 3 times/week for the season. Control team coaches chose and ran their own warmup strategies. Participants completed 4 sessions (preseason [PRE], postseason [POST] at approximately 8 weeks after PRE, retention 1 [R1] at 6 weeks postseason, and retention 2 [R2] at 12 weeks postseason). They performed 3 trials of a jump-landing task, which was evaluated using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) and 2 recorded standing LJ trials at each test session. A time series panel was used to evaluate group differences across time points for the LESS and LJ. Change score analyses revealed improvements in the LESS score from PRE to POST for all groups. Improvements from PRE were retained at R1 and R2 for the intervention groups (simplified and traditional). The traditional group demonstrated better LJ performance at POST (P < .001) and R1 (P = .049) than the simplified or control group. Simplified cues were as effective as traditional cues in improving LESS scores from PRE to POST season. Participating in PTPs, regardless of their complexity, likely provides movement benefits.

COVID-19 Anxiety and Related Factors in Cancer Patients Undergoing External Radiation Therapy

Introduction: Studies have shown that anxiety caused by the COVID-19 epidemic affects the patient’s decision-making processes regarding treatment and may even force him to refuse to continue treatment or disrupt the function and efficiency of treatment. This study aimed to determine the anxiety caused by COVID-19 and related factors in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included 125 cancer patients which sampled through convenience sampling from patients who admitted to radiotherapy centre in Yazd, Iran, in 2021. Patients had different primary cancers such as Breast, Lung, Head and Neck, Prostate, Stomach, Cervix, Blood, Intestine, Brain, Skin, Lymphoma, Kidney and Oesophagus. The COVID-19 Disease Anxiety Scale (CDSA) questionnaire was used to collect data. The frequency, percentage, mean (standard deviation), median (interquartile range=IQR) were used to description and the Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis. All analyses were performed in SPSS software (version 24) with a significance level of 5%. Results: In total, 55.2% of patients (69 patients) were male, 85.6% (107 patients) were married, and the mean (SD) age of participants was 50.16 (13.93) years. Median (IQR) the scores of mental, physical and anxiety symptoms were 11 (13), 4 (8), and 16 (18), respectively, which were moderate in physical and psychological symptoms according to guidelines. In terms of total anxiety classification, total anxiety score in our study was in mild category. Median of the CDSA score was significantly different in levels of age, education, economic status, and type of job (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: COVID-19 anxiety in cancer patients was in the mild level. Young people and people with lower social, economic, and educational status are more anxious. However, in addition to targeted safety and prevention measures, training and counselling programs may also be useful in reducing anxiety level.

Task-based training to prevent surgical site infection: A formative evaluation

summaryBackgroundLack of evidence-based training constitutes a serious impediment to preventing surgical site infections in low-middle income countries (LMIC). The purpose of this study was to design and implement an infection prevention training programme and investigate how it might work in an LMIC. Intended for healthcare professionals working in operating rooms, the programme was based on current instructional design principles of interprofessional, task-based learning. The second aim was to carry out a formative evaluation exploring participants' and facilitators' perceptions and experiences of the training.MethodsIn undertaking this design-based research, we used a mixed-methods approach. The four session training was attended by anaesthesia and surgical trainees, registered nurses, technologists and included a video showing best practices, role plays, and peer-group reflection. We evaluated the programme through questionnaires, focus-group interviews with participants, written reflections by participants, and individual interviews with facilitators. Quantitative analysis was complemented by thematic analysis of focus-group and interview transcripts, reflections, and observer notes.ResultsOur analysis revealed that participants had positive attitudes towards the training. They felt they had learned a lot from each other and the facilitators offered them the opportunity to interact with each other. Trainees especially valued the video presentation as it inspired them to revise old concepts and presented an excellent practical example of infection prevention in their specific setting.ConclusionThe training seemed to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice. However, direct observation of procedural skills and peer feedback could further reduce the gap, by enhancing the transfer of knowledge to practice.

Developing an Infection Prevention Training Program for Infectious Disease Fellows

Background Hospital Infection Prevention (IP) is an increasingly important subdiscipline within infectious diseases (ID). We developed and evaluated a 2-week IP training program to allow ID fellows the opportunity to learn about IP. We aimed to educate on the scope of IP work with a focus on the role of ID within IP. Methods A training program was developed covering the role of IP in preventing hospital acquired infections focusing on 3 key areas: device related infections, outbreak exposures, and the hospital physical environment. We utilized the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) patient safety component manual combined with practical experience performing surveillance, rounding and case study reviews. The effectiveness and utility of the program was evaluated with a pre- and post-training survey categorized on a Likert response scale (not at all familiar=1, slightly familiar=2, somewhat familiar=3, extremely familiar=4). Results The mean scored survey responses showed that prior to the rotation fellows reported slight familiarity with the scope of work of IP but had very little familiarity with the IP team members. All fellows reported slight familiarity with NHSN defined device related infections, the role of IP in outbreak investigations and their role in construction projects. Fellows reported that prior to their IP rotation they would be only slightly likely to contact the IP department for assistance or notification of a potential infection risk. Following the rotation, fellows reported being extremely familiar to all topics covered during the rotation. All fellows reported the rotation to be extremely useful. Conclusions The program was successful in improving the understanding of the scope of IP work. Fellows understood their role in documentation when a primary source of infection is suspected during central line bloodstream infection surveillance and the importance of communication when a hospital acquired environmental infection is suspected. The rotation has also fostered relationships between the departments. Hospital Infection Prevention (IP) is an increasingly important subdiscipline within infectious diseases (ID). We developed and evaluated a 2-week IP training program to allow ID fellows the opportunity to learn about IP. We aimed to educate on the scope of IP work with a focus on the role of ID within IP. A training program was developed covering the role of IP in preventing hospital acquired infections focusing on 3 key areas: device related infections, outbreak exposures, and the hospital physical environment. We utilized the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) patient safety component manual combined with practical experience performing surveillance, rounding and case study reviews. The effectiveness and utility of the program was evaluated with a pre- and post-training survey categorized on a Likert response scale (not at all familiar=1, slightly familiar=2, somewhat familiar=3, extremely familiar=4). The mean scored survey responses showed that prior to the rotation fellows reported slight familiarity with the scope of work of IP but had very little familiarity with the IP team members. All fellows reported slight familiarity with NHSN defined device related infections, the role of IP in outbreak investigations and their role in construction projects. Fellows reported that prior to their IP rotation they would be only slightly likely to contact the IP department for assistance or notification of a potential infection risk. Following the rotation, fellows reported being extremely familiar to all topics covered during the rotation. All fellows reported the rotation to be extremely useful. The program was successful in improving the understanding of the scope of IP work. Fellows understood their role in documentation when a primary source of infection is suspected during central line bloodstream infection surveillance and the importance of communication when a hospital acquired environmental infection is suspected. The rotation has also fostered relationships between the departments.

Age-Related Changes in Landing Mechanics in Elite Male Youth Soccer Players: A Longitudinal Study

The aim of this longitudinal observational study was to examine the age differences in jump landing kinematics in 13–17-year-old male soccer players. Landing technique was evaluated in three consecutive seasons in U14 (n = 15) and the U16 (n = 10) competition age groups using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS). For the LESS, ANOVA revealed no significant interaction effect (p = 0.81, η2 = 0.009) or main effect for groups (p = 0.15, η2 = 0.086), but a significant year effect was observed (p &lt; 0.001, η2 = 0.265). The LESS score in the U14 group decreased significantly in the second year (5.7 ± 1.9, p = 0.006, d = 0.84) and in the third year (5.9 ± 2.0, p = 0.020, d = 0.70) compared to the first year (7.1 ± 1.7). The LESS score in the U16 group decreased significantly in the second year (5.1 ± 0.9 points, p = 0.034, d = 0.77) and in the third year (4.9 ± 1.4, p = 0.013, d = 0.92) compared to the first year (6.4 ± 1.2). This trend was supported by the results of the separate assessment of the sagittal plane joint displacement. These findings support previous limited findings from cross-sectional studies, which point to improved landing mechanics during maturation. However, the LESS scores in both groups indicate that players who were around and/or post-peak height velocity during the observed periods may be considered “at-risk”, and suggest that preventive training programs should be introduced at earlier stages of players’ development.

0005 Bidirectional associations of sleep and alcohol use within and between regularly drinking young adults

Abstract Introduction Young adults can be resistant to drinking interventions, but improving other health behaviors, such as sleep, may indirectly reduce hazardous drinking. Evidence linking sleep to next-day drinking among regular drinkers could support sleep interventions as an indirect pathway to alcohol misuse reduction. We investigate this connection in the natural environments of 222 regularly drinking young adults. Methods Regularly drinking young adults (21-29 years; 63% women) wore an alcohol monitor across six days that continuously measured transdermal alcohol concentration (TAC). Participants completed daily smartphone-based surveys reporting the previous night number of drinks and sleep. Predictors were disaggregated into within- and between-person variables. Sleep variables were used to predict next-day alcohol use, and alcohol use variables were used to predict subsequent sleep. Multilevel Poisson and linear models with random intercepts for each outcome were adjusted for weekends, sex, weight, and prior night sleep/drinking. Results Between-person results showed that participants who tended to go to bed later had on average 24% more drinks (p&amp;lt;0.01) and achieved 26% higher peak TAC (p&amp;lt;0.02) the next day. Every hour of sleep duration the prior night was associated with a 14% decrease in the number of next-day drinks (p&amp;lt;0.03). Conversely, participants who drank more went to bed on average 12-19 minutes later (p&amp;lt;0.01) and slept 5 fewer minutes (p&amp;lt;0.01). Within-person results showed that on nights when participants drank more than usual they went to bed 8-13 minutes later (p&amp;lt;0.01), slept 2-4 fewer minutes (p&amp;lt;0.03), and had worse sleep quality (p&amp;lt;0.01). Conclusion Young adults who went to bed earlier and slept longer on average tended to use alcohol less the next day, and using less alcohol tended to improve subsequent sleep within young adults. Taken together, these results suggest that better sleep health may improve drinking behaviors and intoxication dynamics, which may have implications for interventions targeting sleep as a mechanism to reduce heavy drinking. Support (If Any) David Reichenberger was supported by the Prevention and Methodology Training Program (T32 DA017629) with funding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). This research was funded by departmental funds and a pilot mentoring and professional development award through P50DA039838 (NIDA), both awarded to Michael Russell.

The Association between Multidirectional Speed Performance, Dynamic Balance and Chronological Age in Young Soccer Players.

The ability to maintain a stable single-leg balance stance during a fast change of direction movement is a fundamental aspect both for improving sport-specific skills and for prevention strategies. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the associations between multidirectional speed performance (MDS), dynamic balance performance (DBP), and chronological age in young and uninjured soccer players. In addition, it was examined whether chronological age and balance can predict variance in speed performance. One-hundred forty-six young male soccer players (age range 11–19) performed the y-balance test (YBT) and the lower extremity functional test (LEFT). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis were executed. The analyses were carried out on the further variables: for the DBP, the YBT composite score % (CS dominant leg/CS non-dominant leg) and limb symmetry index % (LSI) were used; for the MDS, the LEFT time in seconds (s) was used. Findings revealed LEFT scores to have a significant association with chronological age (p = 0.000), CS dominant (p = 0.019) and LSI (p = 0.044) of the YBT. In addition, CS dominant and chronological age explained the variance of the LEFT by 44%, regardless of LSI. To conclude, MDS revealed a strong association with DBP of the dominant side but a small association with LSI. In addition, a small association was found between quick LEFT times and older players. Finally, MDS variance can be predicted from DBP of the dominant side and chronological age in young soccer players. The tests used in this study could be useful screening tools for the detection of performance deficits, the implementation of prevention training programs, and the optimization of selection strategies in soccer academies.

A Collaborative Implementation Strategy to Increase Falls Prevention Training Using the Age-Friendly Health Systems Approach.

Falls in the home and in community environments are the leading cause of injuries and long-term disabilities for the aging population. The purpose of this study was to examine outcomes of a partnership among an academic institution, government agency, community organizations, and emergency management services to implement a falls prevention training program using an Age-Friendly Health Systems approach. In this prospective study, partners identified gaps in services and targeted and non-targeted delivery areas for implementation of an evidence-based falls prevention intervention addressing the 4Ms of Age-Friendly Health Systems—Mobility, Medications, Mentation, and What Matters. Descriptive statistics were calculated for program implementation and participant demographic variables, and paired t-test analysis compared scores for self-assessed general health and falls efficacy prior to and after program participation. Twenty-seven falls prevention classes were implemented, with over half (52%) in targeted areas. A total of 354 adults aged 50 and older participated, with N = 188 participants (53%) completing the program by attending at least five of eight sessions. Of completers, 35% resided in targeted areas. The results showed a statistically significant improvement in falls efficacy by program completers in targeted and non-targeted areas. However, there was no statistically significant difference in self-rated health. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that collaboration to deliver falls prevention training can be effective in reaching at-risk older adults. By mobilizing collaborative partnerships, limited resources can be allocated towards identifying at-risk older adults and improving community-based falls prevention education.

Parent Education for Responding to and Supporting Youth with Suicidal Thoughts (PERSYST): An Evaluation of an Online Gatekeeper Training Program with Australian Parents.

The gatekeeper training of parents is a promising approach for suicide prevention in young people, but little research has addressed the effectiveness of such training, especially using online delivery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of the delivery of an online suicide prevention training program, LivingWorks Start, to improve the capacity of parents to support young people at risk of suicide. The participants were 127 parents of young people aged 12–25 who completed the LivingWorks Start training and consented to participate in the evaluation. The participants completed online surveys before, after, and 3 months after training. The participants showed increases in perceived self-efficacy and formal help-seeking intentions, and reductions in suicide stigma, although stigma returned to the baseline three months post-training. Suicide literacy also increased, but only at the three-month follow-up. Most parents found the training acceptable, and did not find it upsetting. Prior mental health, suicide-related experiences, and pre-participation vulnerability were not predictive of finding the training distressing. Overall, the findings show that online gatekeeper training for parents can be beneficial, and is rarely associated with distress.

Development and Implementation of a Novel Case-Based Gun Violence Prevention Training Program for First-Year Residents.

Gun violence results in approximately 40,000 deaths in the United States each year, yet physicians rarely discuss gun access and firearm safety with patients. Lack of education about how to have these conversations is an important barrier, particularly among trainees. A 2-part training curriculum was developed for first-year residents. It included (1) a didactic presentation outlining a framework to understand types of firearm-related violence, describing institutional resources, and reviewing strategies for approaching discussions about firearms with patients, and (2) interactive case scenarios, adjusted for clinical disciplines, with standardized patients. Before and after the training, participants completed surveys on the training's relevance, efficacy, and benefit. Standardized patients provided real-time feedback to participants and completed assessments based on prespecified learning objectives. In June-August 2019, 148 first-year residents in internal medicine (n = 74), general surgery (n = 12), emergency medicine (n = 15), pediatrics (n = 22), psychiatry (n = 16), and OB/GYN (n = 9) completed the training. Most (70%, n = 104) reported having no prior exposure to gun violence prevention education. Knowledge about available resources increased among participants from 3% (n = 5) pretraining to 97% (n = 143) post-training. Awareness about relevant laws, such as Extreme Risk Protection Orders, and their appropriate use increased from 3% (n = 4) pretraining to 98% (n = 145) post-training. Comfort discussing access to guns and gun safety with patients increased from a median of 5 pretraining to 8 post-training (on a scale of 1-10, with higher scores indicating more comfort). Delivery of a case-based gun violence prevention training program was effective and feasible in a single institution. Next steps include expanding the training to other learners (across undergraduate and graduate medical education) and institutions and assessing how the program changes practice over time.