Preventive Inspection Research Articles

SUPERVISORY ACTIVITIES EFFICIENCY IMPROVING ON LABOUR PROTECTION IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE BASED ON A RISK-BASED APPROACH

Это исследование в современных условиях приобретает особую актуальность, поскольку из-за ненадлежащего финансирования мероприятий по охране труда способствует поиску путей рационального их использования для снижения уровня производственного травматизма. Целью исследований является разработка и реализация методов повышения эффективности надзорной деятельности в сфере охраны труда агропромышленного комплекса путем разработки механизмов предотвращения производственны х рисков. Использован комплекс методов по анализу состояния информационно-методического обеспечения надзорной деятельности, статистический анализ производственного травматизма, эконометрический анализ линейных временных трендов производственного травматизма в Украине, ри ск- ориентированный подход. Существующая в Украине система управления охраной труда оказалась недостаточно эффективной в современных условиях. Ослабление механизма государственного регулирования в сфере охраны труда привело к нарушению вертикали государственного надзора, снижению эффективности управления и координации деятельности центральных и местных органов исполнительной власти по созданию безопасных и здоровых условий труда на предприятиях. Исследование было проведено для систем ы управления охраной труда в Украине и рекомендуется в последующем провести для других развивающихся, и сравнить результаты. Применение полученных результатов на практике будет способствовать предотвращению (или ослаблению) тяжести травматизма благодаря своевременному принятию необходимого решения. Сейчас отсутствуют общепринятые дл я отраслей экономики методики, которые бы устанавливали единые подходы к осуществлению государственного надзора с одновременным учетом особенностей различны х отраслей. Оригинальность исследования заключается в том, что разработаны математические модели организации и планирования мероприятий государственного надзора в сфере охраны труда, выполнены аналитические оценки эффективности превентивных мер и инспекционной деятельности.

КАЧЕСТВО РАБОЧЕГО ПРОЦЕССА, ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИЯ И РЕСУРСНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНОГО ДИЗЕЛЯ С ЭЛЕКТРОННЫМ УПРАВЛЕНИЕМ

The article focuses on the general characteristics of the new generation electronically controlled marine diesel engine Caterpillar С-9. The principles of operation and composition of the elements involved in the organization of the workflow, monitoring and diagnostics of engine parameters in operation have been listed. There has been presented a schematic circuit of the engine electronic control system, which includes a hydraulic pump to activate the injection process, circulation lubrication pipeline, fuel filter, oil filter, oil cooler, nozzles. The recommended schedule of preventive inspections and repairs of Caterpillar C9 diesel engine has been analyzed; its environmentally friendly characteristics have been evaluated. There was made the comparison of the changes of workflow parameters of Caterpillar C9 diesel engine with S20 Sulzer diesel engine with conventional control under different loads. The results of long-term operation of both diesel engines are given; structural shortcomings associated with the insufficient quality of many component parts are analyzed. High requirements for fuel quality and purification have been mentioned. The engine has no indicating instrumentation, diagnostics of failure of any element or system, as well as its elimination is performed only by a service technician who can enter the database. Practical examples of the repeated failures in the engine computer control system of the tanker “Marine Alliance” and attempts to reveal their sources are specified in the senior engineer’s report. The structural complexity of fuel supply elements and engine workflow control systems along with the dependence of the engine team on the service center lead to difficulties in operation, significant financial costs and reducing engine operational time.

A risk-based modelling approach to maintenance optimization of railway rolling stock

Purpose Railway transport maintenance plays an important role in delivering safe, reliable and competitive transport services. An appropriate maintenance strategy not only reduces the assets’ lifecycle cost, but also will ensure high standards of safety and comfort for rail passengers and workers. In recent years, the majority of studies have been focused on the application of risk-based tools and techniques to maintenance decision making of railway infrastructure assets (such as tracks, bridges, etc.). The purpose of this paper is to present a risk-based modeling approach for the inspection and maintenance optimization of railway rolling stock components. Design/methodology/approach All the “potential failure modes and root causes” related to rolling stock systems are identified from an extensive literature review followed by an expert’s panel assessment. The failure causes are categorized into six groups of electrical faults, structural damages, functional failures, degradation, human errors and natural (external) hazards. Stochastic models are then proposed to estimate the likelihood (probability) of occurrence of a failure in the rolling stock system. The consequences of failures are also modeled by an “inflated cost function” that involves safety-related costs, corrective maintenance and renewal (M&R) costs, the penalty charges due to train delays or service interruptions as well as the costs associated with loss of reputation (or loss of fares) in the case of trip cancellation. Lastly, a time-varying risk-cost function is formulated to determine the optimal frequency of preventive inspection and maintenance actions for rolling stock components. Findings For the purpose of clearly illustrating the proposed risk-based inspection and maintenance modeling methodology, a case study of the Class 380 train’s pantograph system from a Scottish train operating company is provided. The results indicate that the proposed model has a substantial potential to reduce the M&R costs while ensuring a higher level of safety and service quality compared to the currently used inspection methodologies. Practical implications The railway rolling stocks should be regularly inspected and maintained so as to ensure network availability and reliability, passenger safety and comfort, and operations efficiency. Despite the best efforts of the maintenance staff, it is reported that a considerable amount of maintenance resources (e.g. budget, time, manpower) is wasted due to insufficiency or inefficiency of current periodic M&R interventions. The model presented in this paper helps the maintenance engineers to assess the current maintenance practices and propose or initiate improvement actions when needed. Originality/value There are few studies investigating the application of risk-based tools and techniques to inspection and maintenance decision making of railway rolling stock components. This paper presents a modeling approach aimed at planning the preventive repair and maintenance interventions for rolling stock components based on risk measures. The author’s model is also capable of incorporating real measurement information gathered at each inspection epoch to update future inspection plans.

Refinement of the engineering practice of evaiuation of the wear rate of excavator impiement components

The existence of humankind on Earth largely depends on the energy at its disposal. It is mostly generated by processing minerals extracted from the Earth’s crust by open-cut mining. The quality and low cost of extraction are largely defined by the dependability of employed machines and mechanisms, plants and process engineering solutions. Various types of excavators are the backbone of a mining machine fleet. Their parts that principally interact with the environment (rock) are components of implements, i.e. primarily the buckets and components of bucket(s). It must be noted that in the process of interaction with the environment (rock) the excavator implements and their components are exposed to so-called abrasive wear. Since abrasive wear of implement components (most frequently excavator bucket teeth) causes their recurrent replacement, this inevitably affects the performance of the excavator as a whole and those process flows it is part of. Occasional interruptions of operation and repairs reduce the availability factor, the most important complex indicator of equipment dependability. Given the above, the aim of this paper is to refine the previously known formula proposed more than thirty years ago in VNIISDM (Reysh A.K.) for evaluation of the rate of abrasive wear of excavator bucket teeth. For the first time, with a sufficient accuracy we examined the multitude of operating modes of mining equipment, i.e. operation of excavators in various conditions, e.g. on different soils. Additionally, we extended Reysh’s approach from single-bucket machines to continuous operation multi-bucket ones. For that purpose, the authors used a method of data integration from known sources, method of full-scale experiment under the operating conditions of a specific excavator and method of mathematical simulation (a form of the Monte Carlo method). All of that allowed revising the values of the parameters in the Reysh formula. The refined formula that we obtained can now be used for the dependability evaluation of machines operating under varying conditions, as well as for the purpose of appointing the time of preventive inspections.

Tailoring clinical recommendations (protocols of treatment) for stomatologic evaluation at selection and annual preventive inspection of high threats personnel under the initiative of the employer

Tailoring clinical recommendations (protocols of treatment) for stomatologic evaluation at selection and annual preventive inspection of high threats personnel under the initiative of the employer

Safety Aspects of Freight Traffic in the Republic of Srpska

This paper tries to present the state of traffic safety in the Republic of Srpska based on a statistical sample of traffic accidents involving freight motor vehicles on roads of the Republic of Srpska and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Besides statistics, survey and statistical sample analysis methods were used, as well as analyses of indicators of road worthiness testing station inspections of vehicles in the Republic of Srpska. The indicators of non-regular preventive inspections of roadworthiness tests conducted on the roads by the Auto Moto Association of the Republic of Srpska are especially important. Bearing in mind the age and number of freight motor vehicles in the Republic of Srpska, in accordance with the indicators from chapter 3.4 (Consequence of Traffic Accidents) it is possible to continue the research with a special view on the injuries of the freight vehicle drivers and causes of traffic accidents. According to the data available, most of the fatalities and severe injuries were inflicted to drivers and passengers from vehicles that were involved in accidents with freight vehicles.

The preventive inspection of employees on the presence of alcohol in the light of the Act on Upbringing in Sobriety and Alcoholism Prevention

The preventive inspection of employees on the presence of alcohol in the light of the Act on Upbringing in Sobriety and Alcoholism Prevention

Fine management practice of hospital water supply facilities based on JCI standard

Management of hospital water supply facilities is key to its logistics management. This paper cited the domestic water supply facilities management as an example, and summed up practical experiences in both JCI certification and review along with the hospital′s fine management of water facilities. On such basis, it described such aspects as the establishment of management system, operation standards and work flow, implementation of preventive maintenance, renovation, emergency protection, inspection supervision, file management and staff training. These efforts provide reference for how to establish the fine management mode of water supply facilities. Key words: JCI standard; Hospital logistics; Water supply facilities; Fine management

Occupational safety and health in North Cyprus: Evaluation of risk assessment

Surveillance data show that preventable occupational accidents persist in North Cyprus despite the occupational safety and health (OSH) law. The main objectives of this study were to determine employer awareness of this law, to find out to what extent the employers fulfilled their obligations to conduct risk assessments, and to measure the effectiveness of the law and the risk assessments taking place. Study methods included oral interviews and written surveys of employers of small and medium sized businesses. In most of the workplaces studied, employers did not pay attention to occupational safety. Seventy-five percent were unaware of an OSH law. Of those that knew of the law, 95% did not know what the law encompassed, and 87% of companies did not fulfill the risk assessment (RA) requirement or take preventive actions. Ninety-eight point nine percent reported that a government labor office inspector never visited their company for an OSH inspection. Companies that carried out risk assessments found the law sufficient and conducted satisfactory risk assessments. Areas that need attention include risk assessments of rare and unusual work tasks and those associated with temporary contract employees. Monitoring of the work environment and using risk assessments for future planning was not common practice. The lack of preventive inspections by government labor office inspectors appears to be the main reason why employers are not meeting the extremely important RA obligation. This study highlights the current practice around OSH law in North Cyprus and suggestions are made for future improvements.

КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ТОМОГРАФИЯ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ И НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ ПРЕДСТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ

Prostate cancer prevalence is in fourth place in the overall structure of tumors and in second place among malignant diseases in older men. The cancer detection rate of preventive inspections using traditional research methods remains very low, and the timeliness of early diagnosis of tumors of the prostate gland determine the modern methods of X-ray imaging. The aim of this study was to estimate the role of computed tomography as a method of Xray imaging, in identifying the various prostate neoplasia with specification of semiotics, diagnostic criteria of various tumors. Research conducted at multispiral 128-slice CT scanner OPTIMA 660 produced by General Electric (United States). The study involved 66 patients aged 38-79 years with various diseases of the prostate. The fact of referral to the computed tomography was preceded by a primary appointment at urology specialist followed by rectal finger study positive or dubious reaction to prostate specific antigen, by transrectal ultrasound. The study showed that CT is not a universal method of diagnosis, excluding other imaging techniques, especially multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. But that method has a number of incontestable advantages that allow to remain indispensable in the algorithm integrated diagnostic approach. First of all, it is an extensive long area of scanning combined with small thickness of the layer to be allocated. And, in the case of some phase strengthening of the gland tissues the technique, in some cases, allows to trace a malignant neoplastic process. But in general, its differential diagnosis with benign regeneration nodes in the gland tissue is usually difficult and requires further modification.

“There Aren’t any Dwarfs; They got out in Time”. Censored Image of the Home Army in Polish Poetry in 1956–1958

The paper focuses on censorship board’s approach to the subject of Home Army in Polish poetry from the period 1956−1958 of the liberalization of culture. The basic purpose of the research is focused on the identification of censorship reference to the image created by the authors. Moreover, it attempts to specify – on the basis of examples – the kind of content that was accepted, rejected or amended. Juxtaposition of the sensor’s reviews, “preventive inspection reports” and the content published works allows for the examination of the depth of the censor’s intervention and their methods of manipulating historical facts concerning the Hole Army. Research of the relationship censor-author allows for analyze “Aesop’s language” strategy. The whole of paper is based on a historical context and related phenomena, including the amnesty and so-called the “rehabilitation”.

Optimising spare parts provision and inspection intervals for an aircraft fleet undergoing cannibalisation

This paper studies the problem of determining the optimal initial stock level of recoverable components and the aircraft preventive maintenance inspection interval for an aircraft fleet. Demand for spare components arises from both corrective and preventive maintenance tasks. An aircraft that experiences failures while performing a mission is maintained by replacing failed components with working spares. In order to reduce the amount of this unplanned, corrective maintenance that is performed, aircraft are usually inspected periodically and components found to be in poor condition replaced preventively. The supply of spares is critical to maintaining fleet operational requirements but determining the stock required while considering critical fleet operational requirements and budget limitations is a complex task. When spares are unavailable, inoperative aircraft must wait for failed components to be repaired. In such situations, cannibalisation may be performed, where working components are removed from inoperative aircraft in order to replace failed components of the same type in other aircraft. Cannibalisation is beneficial in maintaining fleet readiness and reducing spare part demands since is it allows any shortage of spares to be consolidated into a small number of inoperative aircraft. In this paper a coloured Petri net (CPN) model is used to model the fleet maintenance process. The model accounts for fleet operation, aircraft preventive maintenance, repair, spares and cannibalisation. A genetic algorithm (GA) based simulation-optimisation approach is employed to find the optimal solutions of fleet spare provisioning and the aircraft periodic inspection interval to minimise the cost.

시설보안시스템의 효과적 안전관리를 위한 연구: 재난안전의식을 중심으로

Man-made disasters are disastrous event, which can be reduced the damage through preventive measures and thorough inspections, unlike natural disasters. Thus, safety consciousness of citizens is not only important, but also safety consciousness of security guard who are involved with facility safety management. In other words, safety consciousness and fostering professionalism of security guards could reduce the damage, including human disaster and it enables the effective safety management. Therefore, this study selected the training and the organizational safety as variables with the influencing factors for improving the disaster safety consciousness of facility guard. After the analysis, the following results were confirmed. First, the training content and its environment would have a significant impact on the disaster safety consciousness. Second, organizational safety would have a significant impact on disaster safety consciousness. In other words, the improvement of training program and the formation of safety culture in organizational level will have a positive impact on the disaster safety awareness and enable effective safety management.

The Preventive Maintenance and Inspection Policy for the System with Two Types of Failures

In this paper, the optimal inspection and preventive maintenance policy are investigated for a system with two types of failures, one type of failure is repairable, and the other is unrepairable. When the working time of the system reaches time T, the system will be detected, if a repairable failure is found then a failure repair will be carried out, and if an unrepairable failure is found then the system will be replaced. Otherwise, a preventive repair will be carried out. The system will be replaced by a new and identical one at the time following the Nth repairable failure. We look for a bivariate optimal policy which makes the long-run expected profit per unit time maximization. The long-run average profit per unit time is obtained explicitly. Finally, we compute numerically a bivariate approximate optimal policy.

Improvement of preventive inspection and clinical examination in outpatient conditions based on simulation

Improvement of preventive inspection and clinical examination in outpatient conditions based on simulation

Research and Simulation on Repairable Device Preventive Maintenance Control Policy

In consideration of the situation that the conventional preventive maintenance inspection cycle of the repairable device is not be changed as long as it is determined, based on continuous-time Markov processes, the repairable device preventive maintenance control strategy is studied. The preventive maintenance model is established, i.e., its state transition diagram, steady state value of the model is calculated, the control policy of device’s check rates based on device status is proposed, and the proposed control policy is simulated and confirmed using MATLAB. Simulation results show that under the proposed control policy rule, the actual operation curve of the system can well track the desired operation curve of the system, and finally can achieve the desired steady state value. Studies have shown that the method has some help to strengthen device maintenance management, improve device maintenance strategies, ensure that the device is repaired according to the state, and reduce maintenance costs of the device.

Organization of dental care residents of remote district of Ryazan area through outreach work in GBU PO "Dental polyclinic № 1»

One of the main tasks of the dental service is the maximum coverage of sanitation and preventive inspections of the population. National Population Census (2010) and the national epidemiological survey of dental population (2007-2008) showed 100% prevalence of dental caries in persons over 65 years, and nearly a third of the population (26,3%) live in the Russian countryside. To solve the problem of providing dental care to residents of remote areas where it is absent, organized a mobile dental office.

Urgensi Pengawasan Preventif terhadap Qanun No. 3 Tahun 2013 tentang Bendera dan Lambang Aceh

This research discusses: first, the authority of government evaluation on Qanunof Aceh flag and symbol, and second, the urgency of preventive inspection to Qanun No. 3 of 2013. The method used in this study was normative juridical using regulations of law and conceptual approaches.The result of research shows that: first, the government is not authorized anymore to cancel Qanunof Aceh flag and symbol since the discussion period is outdated as stated in Article 145 of Law No. 32 of 2004 on the Regional Government. Second, the urgency of preventive inspection to Qanun No. 3 of 2014 on Aceh flag and symbol by the government is necessary to guarantee the legal supremacy and to maintain the unity of the Republic of Indonesia.

Maintenance class-based cost-effective preventive maintenance scheduling of coal-fired power plants

This paper presents a new strategy for reliability-based Preventive Inspection and Maintenance (PIM) scheduling of coal-fired power plants considering maintenance costs. Preventive Inspection and Maintenance Interval (PIMI) for any series or parallel subsystem is optimised at the reliability level where total (preventive and corrective) life cycle maintenance cost is the minimum. PIM of any series subsystem in a continuous operating power plant is difficult since off-working period is unavailable. Therefore a time management strategy followed by maintenance class formation is introduced for their PIM according to the estimated PIMIs. Here corrective maintenance of any failed subsystem along with PIM of the remaining subsystems in the same maintenance class is suggested. The case studies reveal that the optimum PIMIs of the subsystems vary from 75.8% to 93.2% reliability level. The proposed maintenance strategy is very simple, easy to implement, improves availability and reduces the maintenance costs.

Research on sit-type portable infusion rack and its application in the clinic

Objective To research the sit-type portable infusion rack that could make the patients feel comfortable and convenient,and to observe it's the clinical effects.Methods From January 2009 to December 2010,180 patients who were admitted to our hospital for transfusion were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The patients in observation group were treated with sit-type portable infusion rack when they had medical examination and used the toilet.The control group adopted the routine nursing method.The effects were compared between two groups.Results There were significant differences in the re-puncture and patitens's comfort and satisfaction between two methods ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Sit-type portable infusion rack can reduce the occurrence rate of blood back and coagulation when the patients have medical examination and use the toilet,alleviate the suffering of patients,keep clean and avoid environmental pollution in the infusion room,improve the comforts of the patients and their escorts.Sit-type portable infusion stands,preventive inspection,or going to the toilet when the patient back to the blood transfusion and the incidence of coagulation,reducing the suffering of patients,the infusion room to keep clean and avoid environmental pollution and improve the patients and accompanying persons comfort. Key words: Sit-type portable infusion rack; Infusion; Clinical application; Effects