Prevention Workshop Research Articles

Children and digital media

Digital revolution has transformed childhood very profusely. The goal of this work is to present the way digital technology influences education, in what way it shapes various dimensions of life and the identity of preschool children and the challenges upbringing parents are faced with. Numerous researches have indicated that digital media can be a worthy source of knowledge, encourage and develop various children's abilities and skills if they are used appropriately and under adult guidance. However, uncontrolled and excessive use of media in early children's age can potentially have extremely negative and harmful effects on the child's growth and development and endanger his/her health and happiness. Parents and other adults in charge of children’s care significantly affect children’s approach to the media and media content. This paper has concluded on the fact that social media has dual effect on the child; therefore, it is necessary to offer quality preventive programmes and workshops not only for parents and educators but also for children and youth. Keywords: Digital media, education, parents, the child, digital revolution.

Educating university allied health students about gender-based violence: Report of a pilot study

Introduction: Sexual harassment, bullying and discrimination occur across a range of healthcare settings, with frequent complaints made to health professional registration boards of Australia. Health professional education provides an ideal opportunity to ensure students understand the nature of gender-based violence (GBV) and how to prevent and address such behavior. However, there has been minimal health professional curricula that incorporates an integrated focus on gender. The aim of this study was to increase awareness and knowledge of pre-registration health students of the context of GBV and for participants to learn bystander approaches to effectively intervene to reduce violence.Methods: A violence prevention workshop incorporating a bystander approach was developed as a key component of the curriculum for a single discipline cohort of health students. Participants completed a survey pre and post workshop, where they provided responses, on a 5-point Likert scale, to statements exploring attitudes, knowledge and behaviours in relation to behaviours that constitute GBV. Within-subject pre- and post-intervention statistical analysis was completed.Results: The results demonstrated several significant positive changes to knowledge and attitude of the participants in relation to GBV.Conclusions: The findings of the project can inform the development of integrated gender-focused education as a core competency for preparing health professional students across a range of disciplines in clinical health and public health curricula.

National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop: Physical Activity and Health for Wheelchair Users

Health benefits of physical activity are well recognized in the general population for reducing the risk of chronic health conditions. Less is known about the effects of physical activity on people currently using or who may use wheeled mobility devices in the future, specifically individuals with multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injury who are at increased likelihood for use of a wheeled mobility device. On December 1-3, 2020, the National Institutes of Health convened the Pathways to Prevention workshop: “Can Physical Activity Improve the Health of Wheelchair Users?” to consider the available scientific evidence on the clinical benefits and harms of physical activity for people currently using or who may use wheeled mobility devices in the future, with the aim of developing recommendations to fill gaps in the evidence base. A multidisciplinary team of content area experts developed the agenda and an evidence-based practice center prepared the evidence report. An independent panel, selected by the National Institutes of Health, attended the workshop; convened to develop recommendations on the basis of the systematic review, presentations, and public comments received during the workshop; and revised recommendations based on public comments received. This final report summarizes the panel's findings and identifies current gaps in knowledge. The panel made recommendations for new research efforts, including novel methods and new research infrastructure to improve the evidence base about the effects of physical activity on people currently using or who may use wheeled mobility devices in the future.

EVALUATION OF INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL TRAINING WORKSHOPS USING KIRKPATRICK'S MODEL

To evaluate infection prevention and control (IPC) training workshops using Kirkpatrick model level 1 and 2 regarding satisfaction of trainees and improvement of their knowledge and skills. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 353 healthcare workers from January 2020 to March 2020, at four hospitals in Islamabad, Pakistan. Training feedback questionnaires and pre and post tests were employed for data collection. The authors analyzed data using SPSS version 25. The majority (52%) of participants rated the trainings as "Excellent", 44% rated "Good" while 2% graded "Average". Pre and post-tests mean scores demonstrated statistically significant improvement in knowledge and skills (p< 0.001). The training workshops significantly improved healthcare workers' knowledge and skills regarding Infection Prevention and Control and earned high satisfaction scores from the trainees.

Experiences and attitudes towards mental health problems in first year German university students.

The study should show how familiar German first year university students are with mental health issues and what their attitudes are regarding mental illness. The study sample consisted of 293 first year German university students (20.37 years ± 1.88), most of them women (82.9%). The majority (77.6%) was studying a social type subject. An additive focus group consisted of four experts. The participants of the quantitative part were recruited at prevention workshops that were offered during the induction week at the beginning of the semester at 15 German universities. Experts of the focus group were recruited by telephone call. In addition to quantitative analysis, we realized a focus group with experts of our target group concerns and university system. For statistical analysis, we used statistic software programme "SPSS" 24 to conduct t-tests. We used content-analytical evaluation to build a category system. Every fourth participant reported having had a mental health problem. Male participants had a slightly greater desire for social distance (p=0.008; df=288) and slightly stronger stereotypes (p<0.001; df=289). The present study shows that first year university students in Germany have substantial experience with mental health problems.

Pro-social bystander sexual violence prevention workshops for first year university students: perspectives of students and staff of residential colleges

ABSTRACT Bring in The Bystander is a workshop programme that was developed to tackle the problem of sexual violence on university campuses by taking a community values approach. In this paper, we present quantitative and qualitative findings from a process of piloting the programme at a university in Aotearoa/New Zealand. The study was designed as a parallel QUAN-qual approach, utilising a survey and focus group discussions as data collecting methods. The analyses revealed an increase in bystander efficacy among students who attended the workshop and a decrease in the control group, but no significant changes were detected in application of bystanding behaviour. Qualitative analysis of the focus group transcripts with the workshop participants indicated an increase in the BITB participants’ knowledge and understanding related to sexual violence; it also provided insight on factors that can influence participants’ bystanding behaviour, suggesting possible explanations for how to improve the connection of bystanding information with bystanding behaviour. The change in the student knowledge and attitudes was also noticed and highlighted by the residential college staff members.

Description of Participants in the "Atout Age Mobility" Prevention Workshops at the University Hospital Center of La Réunion: A Prospective Study.

As the population ages, loss of autonomy is becoming a priority public health issue. "Atout Age Mobility" prevention interventions for seniors aim to limit frailty, which is a predictive and reversible factor in the loss of autonomy and disability. The objective of this study is to describe the impact of these interventions on the physical performance and quality of life of a pilot sample of participants. We conducted a prospective study named 5P PILOT with 3 months of follow up. Subjects were recruited by convenience sampling from participants in the "Atout Age Mobility" workshops at Saint Joseph from 04/09/2017 to 29/01/2019. Retired people over 55 years old with no contraindications to physical activity recruited from participants in the "Atout Age Mobility" workshops in Saint Joseph. Intervention(s) (for clinical trials) or Exposure(s) (for observational studies): All participants completed 12 weeks of physical exercise called the "Atout Age Mobility" workshop, which lasted 60 minutes each week and was supervised by physical activity coaches. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): Physical performance was assessed by Short physical performance battery (SPPB), 10-m gait speed and grip strength measurement. Quality of life through the SF-36 test. Ninety-six patients were included and 55 (57.3%) completed the study. There was a significant improvement in gait speed (1.35±0.26m/s vs. 1.27±0.24m/s; p=0.008). There was no significant change in SF-36, grip strength dominant arm and SPPB at the 0.01 significance level. The "Atout Ages Mobility" workshops seem to significantly improve gait speed but not other aspects of physical performance or quality of life.

“Do something with them!”: developing “comfortable” engagement with Elders participating in an arts-based sexual health promotion and STBBI prevention workshop for Indigenous Youth in Labrador, Canada

ABSTRACT Although Indigenous Elders were traditionally involved in cross-generational health promotion and education, colonisation disrupted this role. Little research examines the role of Elders in contemporary health promotion for Indigenous youth and few strategies have been identified to engage Elders in health promotion or sexual health education. We explored engagement of Elders through participatory filmmaking in a sexual health and HIV education workshop for youth. Eleven youth and five Elders participated in this 3.5-day workshop. During the workshop, Elders indicated they wanted to make a film and attend a sexual health and HIV education session. Four Elders were interviewed about their experiences. Interview transcripts and the Elders’ film were analysed using content analysis. Although Elders initially felt hesitant to engage, the process of participatory filmmaking allowed Elders to co-create an environment for their “comfortable” workshop engagement. Elders’ feelings of comfort were created by having control and sense of ownership over their engagement; the presence of youth; peer-based dialogue; inclusion of traditional items; and an Indigenous sexual health educator. Findings suggest participatory filmmaking is a promising approach for engaging and empowering Elders to reclaim traditional roles in sexual health education and health promotion with Indigenous youth.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Theater-Based HIV Prevention Workshop Developed by and for LGBTQ Youth.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth may have limited exposure to sexuality education programming that is affirming of their identities and unique experiences. To develop and evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a theater-based HIV prevention workshop for LGBTQ youth. The 3-hour-long workshop (piloted 2014-2015; n = 20 LGBTQ youth, 14-22 years old) consisted of instruction in HIV risk and prevention, humorous role plays, and analysis of HIV prevention strategies using a forum theater format. A mixed methods evaluation focused on feasibility and acceptability, with survey assessment data collected for preliminary efficacy (e.g., HIV knowledge, safer sex self-efficacy). Participants perceived the forum theater format, humor, and reality of the scenes as strengths. The language of workshop scripts and evaluation materials could be further modified to better affirm gender and sexual diversity. Preliminary evidence of feasibility and acceptability were demonstrated. Future iterations of the intervention require rigorous quantitative evaluation for efficacy.

Abstract PO-019: Delivering cancer prevention programs to Latinx and Korean immigrant communities in Los Angeles through community partnerships and a culturally adapted Cancer 101 Cancer Education and Training Program

Abstract Latinx and Korean immigrants (LKI) in the United States are less likely to incorporate cancer prevention practices (CPP), such as undergoing recommended cancer screening, as compared to white counterparts. Currently lacking are comprehensive, culturally tailored cancer prevention programs for LKI communities. One method of targeting these inequities and increasing CPP is the Cancer 101 Cancer Education and Training Program (CETP). CETP was developed in collaboration with American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) of Washington state as a cancer education resource to improve cancer knowledge, introduce preventative practices in a tribal setting, and increase survival rates for community members. Participants demonstrated a significant change in knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards CPP. Given the need to improve CPP among LKI, and the success associated with the AI/AN CETP, the purpose of this study was to explore the impact on CPP through a culturally tailored CETP for LKI communities. We developed partnerships with the leadership of faith-based organizations (FBOs) and federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) serving predominantly LKI populations in neighborhoods with a high concentrations of late-stage cancer diagnoses. We referenced the Center for Disease Control’s (CDC) Community Guide for strategies of implementing tailored cancer programs. We administered our Spanish and Korean language Cancer and Healthcare in Los Angeles Survey (CHILAS) to FBO members to gather baseline awareness and perceptions of CPP. CHILAS data highlighted critical components that were used to modify the CETP. We translated the newly adapted CETP into Spanish and Korean and used it to conduct cancer prevention workshops and organize cancer screening events with our partnered FBOs and FQHCs. Our results include the development of partnerships with 15 FBOs where 12,000 predominantly LKI worshipped, in neighborhoods with a high incidence of late-stage breast cancer diagnoses. The results from 2,100 CHILAS and demographics were used to tailor the CETP for the communities of interest. Using the adapted CETP and strategies from the CDC’s Community Guide, 8,000 congregants received CPP information from the pulpit. Over 2 years, we delivered 63 cancer prevention workshops for 3,000 attendees, with 600 individuals participating in additional organized cancer screening programs and 35 volunteers and navigators trained. Furthermore, participants enrolled in community-based studies including the All of Us research project. Adaptation and application of the Cancer 101 CETP for LKI communities was an effective tool in disseminating cancer awareness and providing accessible cancer screening in high-need neighborhoods. Community partnerships shaped the Cancer 101 CETP to be a tangible and culturally sensitive resource for the communities of interest. We plan to sustain and expand this initiative through the creation of a comprehensive tool kit and training program for community leaders. Citation Format: Zul Surani, Bianca Luna, Dong Hee Kim, Ergueen Herrera, Loraine Escobedo, Robert Haile. Delivering cancer prevention programs to Latinx and Korean immigrant communities in Los Angeles through community partnerships and a culturally adapted Cancer 101 Cancer Education and Training Program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-019.

Connecting with social and emotional well-being in rural Australia: An evaluation of 'We-Yarn', an Aboriginal gatekeeper suicide prevention workshop.

This evaluation considered the potential of We-Yarn, a suicide prevention gatekeeper training workshop, to contribute to Aboriginal suicide prevention in rural New South Wales. A mixed methods approach included surveys, in-depth interviews and workshop observations. Aboriginal suicide prevention training in rural New South Wales, Australia. Attendees at We-Yarn training. We-Yarn provided culturally safe suicide prevention skills training for Aboriginal people and for those who work with Aboriginal communities and persons in rural New South Wales. Training workshops were delivered across multiple locations for 6 hours in one day. Workshops were facilitated by two facilitators with lived and professional experience; one Aboriginal and one non-Aboriginal facilitator. We-Yarn content was developed by staff from the Centre for Rural and Remote Mental Health, and in consultation with Aboriginal Elders and representatives of Aboriginal Medical Services to ensure relevance and cultural appropriateness. Pre and post-workshop surveys captured capacity and participants' confidence in identifying and responding to a person at risk of suicide. Interviews explored participants' experiences of workshops, implementation of learning, and attitudes regarding social and emotional wellbeing and suicide. Observations detailed the workshop environment, participants' engagement, and participants' responses to facilitators and content. We-Yarn was considered culturally appropriate. Participants responded to facilitators' lived experiences. Participants reported significant improvements in understanding the links between cultural strengths, social and emotional wellbeing and suicide prevention. However, health professionals with existing knowledge wanted a stronger focus on clinical training. We-Yarn promoted discussion of suicide prevention within a holistic health framework, building on participants' pre-existing knowledge about social and emotional wellbeing. Importantly, skilful facilitators with lived experience were vital to the success of the workshops. Consideration should be given to attracting people with low suicide prevention knowledge to the workshops, developing tailored workshops for health professionals and ensuring prolonged engagement with communities. Multifaceted and long term responses in addition to this type of training are important.

Relationships in the Implementation of Conditional Cash Transfers: The Provision of Health in the Oportunidades-Prospera Programme in Puebla, Mexico

This article explores interactions between the front-line officers and recipients of Oportunidades-Prospera, a conditional cash transfer (CCT) in Mexico. Like other CCTs, Oportunidades-Prospera provided monetary transfers to families with the requirement of following certain conditions, including receiving preventive healthcare and workshops. This produced constant and compulsory physician-recipient interactions. This article examines these through observations of programme delivery and interviews with physicians at health centres of two localities of Puebla. The results show that officers’ strategies of implementation and attitudes towards recipients were influenced by the programme’s use of health services as conditionalities, promoting a relationship of authority and obedience. This, however, was exacerbated by the officer’s job position. Those with a permanent contract systematically fostered authoritarian interactions compared to officers with temporary contracts. Ultimately, this study reveals factors that influence officer-recipient relationships in CCTs and their centrality for programme delivery and for the success of social policies more broadly.

Attitudes, beliefs and factors influencing football coaches’ adherence to the 11+ injury prevention programme

ObjectiveTo explore football coaches’ beliefs and attitudes about injury prevention and the 11+ injury prevention programme, and to investigate factors that may influence adherence to the 11+ injury prevention programme.MethodsA...

JA:2021-38. Assessing Facebook Advertising as a Recruitment Strategy for In-Person Workshops

ABSTRACT Purpose: We conducted an evaluation of paid Facebook strategy for in-person workshop recruitment. In the summer of 2019, Child Agricultural Injury Prevention workshops were scheduled in Lexington, KY and Hershey, PA. Each workshop was a 2-day event with a registration cost of $249 ($199 early bird). In addition to traditional recruitment methods (conference announcements, brochures, friends, colleagues, listservs, press releases), a targeted Facebook campaign was employed. The targeted campaign included twelve posts, three paid for (boosted), and nine standard (not boosted), plus an additional paid advertisement for each of the two workshops. Facebook posts covered three content messages types (a location attraction, an educational message, and a fear-based message). Each content message type was used one time per week for 4 weeks and had one paid posting, with $100 budgeted per post ($300 total) during the campaign. The targeted audience for the paid posts varied by workshop location. Additionally, a $200 advertisement for each workshop ran on Facebook for 4 weeks prior to each workshop. Methods: To assess the effectiveness of the Facebook strategy for in-person workshop recruitment, 48 participants were asked how they heard about the workshop on the workshop evaluation form. At the Lexington, KY workshop, 44.44% of participants completed the evaluation form, and 76.19% of participants at the Hershey, PA workshop completed the evaluation form. Findings: Hearing about the workshop through Facebook was noted on two individuals’ workshop evaluation forms (one from each workshop). Both individuals selected Facebook in combination with other sources (friend/colleague, listserv, brochure/flyer, traditional media/press release). With the data available, the cost of promotion per end workshop participant exceeded $500/participant recruited through Facebook. The Lexington, KY Facebook campaign reached 33,279 people, and the Hershey, PA campaign reached 9,658 people. Additional workshop recruitment details and Facebook analytics related to the strategy is available. Practical Application: Our findings are applicable to other organizations recruiting for in-person training programs, as well as those interested in targeted social media campaigns.

A qualitative exploration of barriers to university students’ willingness to attend sexual violence prevention workshops

ABSTRACT Universities have implemented a range of education programmes to address the problem of sexual violence on campus. While these programmes can improve the attitudes and behaviours that contribute to rape culture, little is known about the factors influencing students’ decisions to participate in such programmes. The aim of this study was to understand university students’ decisions about attending sexual violence prevention workshops. Focus groups or individual interviews were conducted with 28 students at a university in Aotearoa/New Zealand who had attended a prevention workshop (n = 11) or who had had the opportunity to attend (n = 17). Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data with a focus on barriers to students’ willingness to engage with sexual violence prevention education. Three themes were developed. Each theme concerned preconceived ideas about sexual violence that impacted students’ perceptions of and willingness to engage in sexual violence prevention. The three barriers consisted of perceptions concerning the relevance of programmes, participants’ perception that they already knew the content, and the impact of cultural ideas about gender and sexual violence. These findings have practical implications for the development and promotion of future campus sexual violence prevention programmes.

Abstract B113: Colorectal cancer screening completion rates and barriers to colorectal cancer screening 6 months following participation in CRC screening intervention

Abstract Background: Though colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates have increased significantly over the past two decades, screening disparities persist among Latinos. To increase CRC screening rates among Latinos, a promotor-led intervention was implemented to provide educational workshops and link community members to screenings through a partnered Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC). Aims: To assess screening completion at 6-months follow-up. To identify barriers influencing adherence to CRC screening among participants who participated in a promotor-led intervention. Methods: The Juntos Contra el Cáncer/Together Against Cancer (JUNTOS) program was a promotor-led cancer prevention study that provided CRC prevention workshops to adults ages 50 to 75 in a primarily Latino community in San Diego, CA. Based on the Social Ecological Framework, the intervention targeted knowledge of CRC, screening attitudes, social support, screening barriers, and linked participants to community resources. Promotors assisted participants in scheduling appointments, which is the first step in CRC screening at the partnering FQHC. From December 2016 to July 2018, a total of 66 participants who were not up to date with CRC screening attended a 2.5-hour workshop, received follow-up calls from promotors, and completed a 6-month assessment. Demographics, health conditions, CRC knowledge, and attitudes changes towards screening were compared between participants who completed a CRC screening (adherent) and those who did not at 6 months (nonadherent). Chi-squared and t-tests were conducted to assess significant differences among adherent and nonadherent participants. For nonadherent participants, barriers to scheduling an appointment were evaluated. Results: The sample included 66 Latinos ages 50 to 75 (women=70%). Results from the 6-month follow-up show that 59% participants reported completing CRC screening. Findings show a statistically significant decrease in negative attitudes towards CRC screening from baseline to follow-up (M1=2.88 [SD=.81], M2=2.53 [SD=.85], p&amp;lt;.001). Differences in demographics, health conditions, attitudes towards screening, CRC knowledge, and health behaviors were not statistically significant at baseline between adherent and nonadherent participants at follow-up. The most frequently reported barriers for nonadherent participants to schedule an appointment with their medical provider were being too busy (48%) and not having health insurance (41%). Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that the delivery of the promotor-led intervention improved attitudes of CRC screening and led to increases in self-reported screening rates among nonadherent adults. For uninsured participants, waiving the appointment or providing additional support to navigate the health system may help them complete CRC screening. Overall, these findings build the evidence on the preliminary efficacy of group-based CRC education and linkages to care for nonadherent adults. Citation Format: Carolina López de la Torre, Jill N. JoaDumbauld, Jessica Haughton, Anthony Barrios, Dalia Rojas, Mirna Díaz, José López, Maria Milla, Samir Gupta, Jesse Nodora, Christian Ramers, Felipe Garcia-Bigley, Jessica Marquez, Balambal Baharti, Elva M. Arredondo. Colorectal cancer screening completion rates and barriers to colorectal cancer screening 6 months following participation in CRC screening intervention [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B113.

Can we improve coaches’ injury prevention views and implementation practices in the community female Gaelic sport of camogie?

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of a nationwide coach education workshop on the attitudes towards, willingness and perceived ability of camogie coaches to implement a Camogie Injury Prevention Programme (CIPP) and...

National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop: Achieving Health Equity in Preventive Services.

Expert groups, including the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), recommend a range of clinical preventive services for persons at average risk for disease. Use of these services often is substantially lower among racial and ethnic minority groups, rural residents, and persons of lower socioeconomic status. On 19 and 20 June 2019, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) convened the Pathways to Prevention Workshop: Achieving Health Equity in Preventive Services to assess the available evidence on disparities in the use of 10 USPSTF-recommended clinical preventive services for cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. The workshop was cosponsored by the NIH Office of Disease Prevention; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; National Cancer Institute; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. A multidisciplinary working group developed the agenda, and an Evidence-based Practice Center prepared the evidence report. During the workshop, invited experts considered the evidence, with discussion among attendees. After weighing evidence from the review, presentations, and public comments, an independent panel prepared a draft report that was posted for public comment. This final report summarizes the panel's findings, identifying current gaps in knowledge. The panel made 26 recommendations for new research and methods development to improve implementation of proven services to reduce disparities in preventable conditions.

Achieving Health Equity in Preventive Services: A Systematic Review for a National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop.

Disadvantaged populations in the United States experience disparities in the use of preventive health services. To examine effects of barriers that create health disparities in 10 recommended preventive services for adults, and to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to reduce them. English-language searches of Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, and the Veterans Affairs Health Services database (1 January 1996 to 5 July 2019); reference lists. Trials, observational studies with comparison groups, and systematic reviews of populations adversely affected by disparities that reported effects of barriers on use of any of the 10 selected preventive services or that reported the effectiveness of interventions to reduce disparities in use of a preventive service by improving intermediate or clinical outcomes. Dual extraction and assessment of study quality, strength of evidence, and evidence applicability. No studies reported effects of provider-specific barriers on preventive service use. Eighteen studies reporting effects of patient barriers, such as insurance coverage or lack of a regular provider, on preventive service use had mixed and inconclusive findings. Studies of patient-provider interventions (n= 12), health information technologies (n= 11), and health system interventions (n= 88) indicated higher cancer screening rates with patient navigation; telephone calls, prompts, and other outreach methods; reminders involving lay health workers; patient education; risk assessment, counseling, and decision aids; screening checklists; community engagement; and provider training. Single studies showed that clinician-delivered and technology-assisted interventions improved rates of smoking cessation and weight loss, respectively. Insufficient or low strength of evidence and applicability for most interventions except patient navigation, telephone calls and prompts, and reminders involving lay health workers. In populations adversely affected by disparities, patient navigation, telephone calls and prompts, and reminders involving lay health workers increase cancer screening. National Institutes of Health Office of Disease Prevention through an interagency agreement with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (PROSPERO: CRD42018109263).

Auton'Al 60: Prevention program for the loss of autonomy of elderly in France

AbstractIntroductionThe loss of autonomy in elderly varies according to the individual health status, but also to the social and psychological environment. Multiple risk factors play a role, including limited access to a balanced diet, physical inactivity or a poor social network. Prevention programs must therefore be based on a multidimensional approach, but are rarely studied with regard to their effectiveness.Materials and methodsThe objective of the Auton'Al 60 program is to prevent the loss of autonomy related to diet, physical activity and mental health in elderly, aged 60 to 89, in the county of Oise, North of France. Between February and July 2018, 7 different prevention workshops were conducted in 5 geographical areas (urban and rural). A blog and a monthly newsletter have been created to limit the loss to follow- up. Evaluation was based on an in-depth interview at T0 inquiring about the level of autonomy, the dietary habits and the health status, as well as on 2 self-administered questionnaires during and at the end of the program. In addition, each workshop has been evaluated separately according to key indicators. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.Results69 workshops have been completed during 5 months. In total, 91 subjects (27.8% men - 71.9% women) participated in at least one workshop, with a mean age of 69.1 years (± 6.3). 72.6% of the subjects were present at 6 or 7 workshops, and 49.5% participated in all activities. A state of loss of autonomy was reported by 6.7% of the participants. 32.6% of the population were chronic-disease-free and 43.8% had a normal BMI (kg / m2). The prevalence of obesity was 15.7%. The program showed effectiveness to decrease the consumption of high-fat products in 52.9% as well as the consumption of sugary products in 60.9% of the participants. Furthermore, 23.2% of the subjects started a new social activity during the program. However, compared to other age groups observed fragility seemed to be particularly high in elderly aged from 66 to 69 years.ConclusionThe Auton'Al 60 program confirms the heterogeneity in the level of autonomy, health status and health behavior in elderly. The multidimensional approach has shown satisfactory effectiveness. Prevention strategies have been developed for isolated or low-income subjects and are under current evaluation.