Prevention Of Major Complications Research Articles

PREVALENCE OF COMPLICATIONS IN HOSPITALIZED INSULIN-DEPENDENT AND NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETIC PATIENTS

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that is growing worldwide. Nowadays, changes in diet and lifestyle habits have been a major concern for the medical community, as an increase in sedentary lifestyle and inadequate nutrition has been observed, exacerbating the emergence and worsening of diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Brazil is in the 8th position as the country with the most DM patients. When poorly controlled, this disease can lead the carrier to several complications such as ketoacidosis, hospitalization in a state of emergency, prolonged stay in the intensive care unit, among others, thus compromising their quality of life. Objective: To analyze and understand issues related to diabetic complications in insulin-dependent and non-dependent patients in hospital. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study with insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent patients who were admitted to inpatient services in Mato Grosso, between 2016 and 2020, with information obtained from the Hospital Admissions Information System (SIH /SUS). Results: In the analysis of this study, there was a slight prevalence of female hospitalized diabetic patients when compared to males. Most hospitalized diabetic patients are 40 years of age or older, and make up the insulin-dependent group, also standing out in relation to the number of deaths, coma, ketosis, ICU stay and length of hospital stay. a higher incidence of injuries in hospitalized insulin-dependent patients, when compared to non-insulin-dependent patients, impacting both the mortality rate and morbidity of these patients. Conclusion: Thus, the importance of patient self-care and the professionals' dominance of the subject of health, these being the key to prevent and promote health to the population and prevention of major complications.

PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTSS

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anemia in patients with type 2 diabetes and to assess the risk of anemia according to gender,age and glycemic control. Method :This is a Cross Sectional study of 200 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the General medicine OPD and medicine ward of Jhalawar Medical College Jhalawar from July 2022 to december 2022 All the tests are done with permission from the Institutional Ethical Committee and informed consent from the subjects. Result: In our study, a statistically significant anaemia was found in female participants compared to male.In the present study,a statistically significant high HbA1C was found among the patients who had anaemia.(p value<0.033) In this study , the prevalence of anaemia increases with increasing duration of disease.(p value<0.00000001).Conclusion: Anaemia is one of the most common preventable conditions especially in diabetes mellitus.This study concludes that the need for periodic hematological screening in all diabetics presenting to hospital and adequate cost effective remedial measures in the form of supplementation of iron and vitamins will result in better outcome and prognosis and prevention of major complications

Magnet and receiver-stimulator displacement after cochlear implantation: Clinical characters and management approaches.

Objectives:To systematically review the occurrence of magnet or receiver/stimulator displacement following cochlear implant (CI) placement complication and evaluate the existing literature on this topic.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Cochrane Library. Original studies reporting cases of magnet or receiver-stimulator migration occurring as a complication after CI placement were included. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for observational studies and CARE checklist for case studies.Results:A total of 36 studies, including 6469 patients, were included. Magnet migration was reported in 82 (1.3%) patients, while receiver/stimulator was reported in 4 (0.1%) cases. The cause of magnet migration was identified in 78 cases; MRI-induced movement was the most frequently reported cause (n=43, 55.1%), followed by head trauma (n=25, 32.1%). A total of 20 studies involving 35 patients with magnet migration performed skull radiography to diagnose magnet migration. Revision/exploratory surgery with surgical repositioning or replacement was the most frequent management procedure (n=46).Conclusions:Further research on magnet pocket design and standard protocols for MRI in CI users is needed. Early diagnosis of magnet migration and instant referral to specialized CI centers is necessary for proper management and prevention of major complications. PROSPERO REG. NO. CRD: 42020204514

The efficiency of polyglycolic acid felt in the prevention of pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy

• Pharyngocutaneous fistula is one of the major complications of total laryngectomy. • Pharyngocutaneous fistula leads to a significantly increased duration of hospital stay. • The prevention of major complications after TL avoids the delay of possible adjuvant treatments. • The PGA felt adheres to the area of the wound successfully and stimulates epithelialization.

Concurrent gynecologic surgery and panniculectomy in morbidly obese women with gynecologic cancer, a single-center experience

As the prevalence of obesity has been rising during the past decades worldwide and especially in Greece, surgeons have faced significant challenges concerning the treatment of morbidly obese women with gynecologic cancer. Panniculectomy is a safe procedure that offers better visualization of pelvic anatomy and prevention of major complications in these women. Aim of this study is to describe a single-center experience of surgical treatment of morbidly obese women with gynecologic cancer and concurrent panniculectomy. We, also, review the literature for articles that report concurrent gynecologic surgery and panniculectomy, to summarize the complications that were encountered. From 2015 to 2018, 38 obese women were treated with concurrent panniculectomy at the time of gynecologic surgery for cancer in a single institution. Median age was 55.62years old, median BMI 43.79kg/m2, median blood loss 243.75ml and median operative time approximately 200min. Twenty-nine patients had endometrial cancer, one patient had concurrent endometrial cancer and fallopian tube cancer, six patients had borderline ovarian cancer, and two had adult granulosa ovarian tumour. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were documented. Five patients suffered from wound infection and were treated with antibiotics and one patient died after wound infection, wound dehiscence, and renal failure. For selected obese patients, concurrent panniculectomy with surgical treatment of gynecological cancer is a safe and efficient procedure.

Incidence and Clinical Analysis of Complications of Neck Dissection.

The aim of the study was to assess and evaluate the incidence of complications related to type of neck dissection to different variables. Retrospective study was conducted on patients who reported to our craniofacial centre between 2010 and 2019 and underwent neck dissection for evaluation of complications related to it. Records of all patients were analysed for complications which were alienated into intra-operative, immediate post-operative (within 10days) and post-operative complications. 256 patients, 141 male and 115 female aged between 25 and 70years operated for squamous cell carcinoma were included. The overall incidence of complications was 32.8%. Intra-operative complications were haemorrhage 14%, nerve injury 5.4%, inadvertent internal jugular vein ligation 0.3%, chyle leak 0.3%. No incidence of carotid blow out. Immediate post-operative complications were hematoma formation 7%, salivary fistula in 2.3% and re-exploration was done in 1.5% cases. Post-operative complications noted were wound dehiscence in 22.6%, infection in 20.7%, hematoma in 2.7%, salivary fistula in 11.7% and nerve injury in 0.3% cases. Neck dissection is a challenging and therapeutic procedure. Prevention of major complications like carotid blow-out, injury to brachial plexus, vagus nerve or hypoglossal nerve requires thorough knowledge of neck anatomy.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and open chest surgery in infectious lung diseases.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for infection or inflammatory conditions is uncommon as compared to lung cancer. In most developed countries less than 5% of all VATS procedures are for infective/inflammatory conditions. However VATS is technically more challenging in this situation and are more prone to postoperative complications. Principles of VATS for infectious diseases involve complete safe surgical removal of the diseased infected lung and prevention of major complications by minimally invasive technique.

Reconstruction of the bronchus and pulmonary artery.

Bronchovascular reconstructive procedures employed in order to avoid pneumonectomy (PN) in patients functionally unsuitable have provided, over time, excellent results, similar or even better than those obtained by PN. In recent years, new successful techniques have been developed that pertain in particular the prevention of major complications and the reconstruction of the pulmonary artery (PA). Encouraging data from increasing number of published experiences support the choice of parenchymal sparing procedures for lung cancer also in patients with good functional reserve. This is even more true if considering trials published in the last 10 years, thus indicating that improved outcome can be achieved with increased experience in reconstructive techniques and perioperative management. This article discusses the main technical aspects and results of literature.

Identification of protein biomarkers associated with cardiac ischemia by a proteomic approach

Angina is chest pain induced by ischemia of the heart muscle, generally due to obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries. People that suffer from average to severe cases of angina have an increased percentage of death before the age of 55, usually around 60%. Therefore, prevention of major complications, optimizing diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics are of primary importance. The main objective of this study was to uncover biomarkers by comparing serum protein profiles of patients suffering from stable or unstable angina and controls. We identified by non-targeted proteomic approach and confirmed by the means of independent techniques, the differential expression of several proteins indicating significantly increased vascular inflammation response, disturbance in the lipid metabolism and in atherogenic plaques stability.

Association d'un anévrysme infectieux et d'une spondylodiscite microbienne : hypothèses physiopathologiques, attitudes diagnostique et thérapeutique

Two years after a Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia, in a patient with dermatopolymyositis occurred an infectious aneurysm of abdominal aorta with contiguous pyogenic spondylodiscitis. Coexistence of both pathologies is rare and physiopathological mechanisms still remain uncertain. However, many arguments in the present case report are in favour of the initial responsibility of an infectious aneurysm. Main interest in early diagnosing infectious aneurysm, allowed by new investigations such as magnetic resonance imaging and marked leukocyte bone scanning, is the prevention of major complications. Antibiotherapy and surgical removal of infectious aneurysm must be quickly achieved in every case.