Prevention Of High Blood Pressure Research Articles

Exploring the role of blood pressure in the black-white disparity in cardiovascular disease mortality: a causal mediation analysis

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the USA, and high blood pressure is a major risk factor for CVD. Despite the overall declining rates of CVD...

Implementation of A Combination Training Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy and Music Therapy (Resik Therapy) to Decrease Hypertension in Datar Village, Sumbang District

Hypertension is a major factor causing human death globally. Various efforts have been made but not optimal. These conditions encourage academics to develop non-pharmacological therapies to complement pharmacological therapies, one of which is progressive muscle relaxation and music therapy. The combination of progressive muscle relaxation therapy and music therapy (RESIK) can inhibit vasoconstriction of blood vessels through baroreceptor stimulation. The purpose of this community service was to increase the prevention of high blood pressure in clients with hypertension in Datar Village, Sumbang District. There were 31 residents who took part in this activity, consisting of 31 women with an age range of 30-70 years. The main approaches used are lectures, discussions, demonstrations, and redemonstrations. The servant measures blood pressure in clients with hypertension first. Then the client was given RESIK therapy training for 30-45 minutes. After that the servant re-measures the client's blood pressure. The results of the service showed a decreased in blood pressure with an average initial systole score of 134 to 132, an average initial diastole score of 95 to 87. Therefore, partners received science and technology in an effort to lower blood pressure. Residents are expected to apply RESIK therapy to prevent hypertension to reduce the risk of complications such as stroke.

Probiotic properties of Bacillus subtilis DG101 isolated from the traditional Japanese fermented food nattō.

Spore-forming probiotic bacteria offer interesting properties as they have an intrinsic high stability, and when consumed, they are able to survive the adverse conditions encountered during the transit thorough the host gastrointestinal (GI) tract. A traditional healthy food, nattō, exists in Japan consisting of soy fermented by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis natto. The consumption of nattō is linked to many beneficial health effects, including the prevention of high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular-associated disease. We hypothesize that the bacterium B. subtilis natto plays a key role in the beneficial effects of nattō for humans. Here, we present the isolation of B. subtilis DG101 from nattō and its characterization as a novel spore-forming probiotic strain for human consumption. B. subtilis DG101 was non-hemolytic and showed high tolerance to lysozyme, low pH, bile salts, and a strong adherence ability to extracellular matrix proteins (i.e., fibronectin and collagen), demonstrating its potential application for competitive exclusion of pathogens. B. subtilis DG101 forms robust liquid and solid biofilms and expresses several extracellular enzymes with activity against food diet-associated macromolecules (i.e., proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides) that would be important to improve food diet digestion by the host. B. subtilis DG101 was able to grow in the presence of toxic metals (i.e., chromium, cadmium, and arsenic) and decreased their bioavailability, a feature that points to this probiotic as an interesting agent for bioremediation in cases of food and water poisoning with metals. In addition, B. subtilis DG101 was sensitive to antibiotics commonly used to treat infections in medical settings, and at the same time, it showed a potent antimicrobial effect against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In mammalians (i.e., rats), B. subtilis DG101 colonized the GI tract, and improved the lipid and protein serum homeostasis of animals fed on the base of a normal- or a deficient-diet regime (dietary restriction). In the animal model for longevity studies, Caenorhabditis elegans, B. subtilis DG101 significantly increased the animal lifespan and prevented its age-related behavioral decay. Overall, these results demonstrate that B. subtilis DG101 is the key component of nattō with interesting probiotic properties to improve and protect human health.

The role of physical activity in reducing blood pressure

Although the benefits of sports physical activity and its positive effects on health were not of the present day, many scientific studies and experimental observations whose results confirmed the strength of the relationship between lack of physical activity and health, and this was done by studying the negative effects of physical inactivity, Based on the results of studies conducted on a large number of people, they confirmed the existence of a relationship between physical inactivity and the incidence of many diseases of the age, and indicated the preventive and curative role that physical activity contributes to confronting many chronic diseases.
 The aim of the study was to highlight the lack of sports physical activity as a risk factor in high blood pressure, and therefore we can say that physical activity has an effective role in maintaining the level of blood pressure in the ideal case. It was proven by the results of the field study, and our strong belief in the effective role of physical activity in combating high blood pressure prompted us to do this study, so it is better for it to be so or more than that for university students, as they constitute a pivotal and essential part of society, and we are certain of the importance of this The category in spreading health awareness was part of our research project, through which we highlighted the effectiveness of dynamic physical activity in the primary prevention of high blood pressure and its impact on the health of other organs such as: pulmonary, respiratory, circulatory, muscular..

Maternal and fetal origins of offspring blood pressure: statistical analysis using genetic correlation and genetic risk score-based Mendelian randomization.

Epidemiological studies demonstrated that adverse in utero environment was associated with increased risk of offspring high blood pressure, by using birthweight as the proxy of maternal intrauterine exposure; however, the nature of such association remains less understood. With maternal/fetal-specific summary statistics of birthweight (n = 297 356 for own birthweight and n = 210 248 for offspring birthweight) and summary statistics of blood pressure [i.e. systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse pressure (PP)] (n = 757 601), we evaluated the genetic correlation between fetal-specific birthweight and blood pressure using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression, and next detected pleiotropic genes for them with a pleiotropy mapping method called mixture-adjusted intersect-union pleiotropy test. Furthermore, we conducted a genetic risk score (GRS)-based Mendelian randomization analysis in parent-offspring pairs (n = 6031) of the UK Biobank cohort, to assess the causal relation between maternal-specific GRS and blood pressure conditioning on fetal genotypes. We found fetal-specific birthweight had a negative genetic correlation with DBP (ρ^g = -0.174, P = 1.68 × 10-10), SBP (ρ^g = -0.198, P = 8.09 × 10-12), and PP (ρ^g = -0.152, P = 6.04 × 10-8), and detected 143, 137 and 135 pleiotropic genes shared between fetal-specific birthweight and PP, SBP and DBP, respectively. These genes often exhibited opposite genetic effects, and were more likely to be differentially expressed in pancreas, liver, heart, brain, whole blood and muscle skeletal tissues. A causal negative association of maternal-specific birthweight was identified with SBP (P = 2.20 × 10-2) and PP (P = 7.67 × 10-3) but not DBP (P = 0.396) in mother-offspring pairs, after accounting for the influence of fetal-specific GRS; and the two significant relations were robust against the horizontal pleiotropy of instruments and the confounding influence of gestational duration and preterm birth. However, these causal associations could not be detected in father-offspring pairs. This study revealed common genetic components underlying birthweight and blood pressure, and provided important insight into aetiology and early prevention of high blood pressure.

Effect of Endurance and Breathing Training Versus Circuit and Breathing Training On Blood Pressure in Prehypertensive Overweight Adults

Hypertension is one among the leading risk factor for mortality and it is called as “the silent killer”. The new creation of the term ‘prehypertension’ classification by the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure JNC 7 guidelines has provided a new path to the researchers to examine this group separately as it decreases the average life expectancy by as much as five years. Physical activity in the form of regular aerobic exercise has been proven in prevention of high blood pressure as well as the lowering of blood pressure among all levels of hypertension. The circuit training and endurance training exercises are known to reduces both systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure along with improvement of health related quality of life. Breathing training exercises is the only simple method to improve respiratory control to reduce the blood pressure in prehypertensive individuals. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of endurance and breathing training versus circuit and breathing training on blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference and quality of life in pre hypertensive overweight adults. This is an experimental design with pre and post comparative study. The subjects of 25-40 years of overweight both male and female, clinically diagnosed with prehypertension were included in the study. Those with known cardiac, pulmonary, neurological and musculoskeletal disorders were excluded in the study.40 subjects were randomly assigned into two groups, Group A received endurance training with breathing exercise while Group B received circuit training and breathing exercise for 12 weeks and 5 sessions per week. The outcome measures were blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference and quality of life. The outcome tools were sphygmomanometer, weighing machine, Stadiometer, inch tape and SF 36 Short-Form 36 Questionnaire. On comparing Pre-test and Post-test within Group A and Group B on blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference and quality of life shows a significant difference in mean values at P<0.001. Thus this study concludes that 12 weeks of circuit training and breathing exercise reduces blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference and improves the quality of life in pre hypertensive overweight adults.

Effectiveness of letters to patients with or without Cochrane blogshots on 10-year cardiovascular risk change among women in menopausal transition: 6-month three-arm randomized controlled trial

BackgroundHealth information and patient education on lifestyle changes may have a positive effect on the prevention of many chronic conditions, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We performed a parallel, three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 6-month educational intervention in a form of letters containing a reminder of the participant’s CVD risk with or without Cochrane blogshots to reduce CVD risk among women aged 45–65 with one or more known CVD risk factors.MethodsThe control group received a letter about their CVD risk at the beginning of the trial. The intervention groups received the initial letter about their CVD risk and remainder letters about their CVD risk every 2 months, with or without Cochrane blogshots: (1) effect of calcium in the prevention of high blood pressure, (2) effect of reducing saturated fat acids in eating habits, and (3) effects of green and black tea in CVD prevention. The primary outcome was CVD risk reduction calculated as the difference between the baseline and 6-month score for a 10-year risk of fatal CVD according to the ACC/AHA guidelines.ResultsAfter both interventions, CVD risk reduction was significantly higher compared to the control group (P < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis H test). The number of participants who decreased their CV risk was 29% (20/70) in the control group, 69% (48/70) in the group receiving the reminder letters, and 70% (49/70) in the group receiving the reminder letters and blogshots. The number needed to treat to achieve risk reduction was 2.41 (95% CI = 1.77 to 3.78) for letters with a CVD risk reminder and 2.50 (1.81 to 4.03) for letters with a reminder and a blogshot. The group receiving reminder letters with Cochrane blogshots had a significant change in the category of CVD risk, mainly from high to moderate and from moderate to low CVD risk category.ConclusionsA simple and inexpensive intervention method in a form of letters reminding women about their CVD risk with or without providing additional health information in the form of Cochrane blogshots about interventions for important CVD risk factors may be effective in CVD management and could be considered by primary care providers.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04601558. Retrospectively registered on October 19, 2020

Association Between Na, K, and Lipid Intake in Each Meal and Blood Pressure.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and one of the most significant risk factors for CVDs is high blood pressure. Blood pressure is associated with various nutrients, such as sodium, potassium, and cholesterol. However, research focusing on the timing of intake of these nutrients and blood pressure has not been conducted. In this study, we used dietary data and a questionnaire asking about the sleep, physical activity, and blood pressure, collected from the food-log app “Asken” (total N = 2,402), to investigate the relationship between the dietary data of nutrient intake in the breakfast, lunch, and dinner and blood pressure. Daily total intake of various nutrients such as sodium, sodium-to-potassium ratio, total energy, lipid, carbohydrate, and saturated fat showed a significant association with blood pressure depending on the meal timing. From multiple regression analysis, eliminating the confounding factors, lunch sodium-to-potassium ratio, dinner energy, lipid, cholesterol, saturated fat, and alcohol intake were positively associated with blood pressure, whereas breakfast protein and lunch fiber intake showed a negative association with blood pressure. Our results suggest that nutrient intake timing is also an important factor in the prevention of high blood pressure. Our study provides possibilities to prevent hypertension by changing the timing of nutrient intake, especially sodium, together with potassium and lipids. However, because our research was limited to food-log app users, broader research regarding the general population needs to be conducted.

Relationship between health literacy and self-care for prevention of high blood pressure among firefighters in Tehran in 1398

Relationship between health literacy and self-care for prevention of high blood pressure among firefighters in Tehran in 1398

Abstract WP211: Dietary Patterns And Blood Pressure Profiles Among Stroke-free Africans: Evidence From The Stroke Investigative Research And Educational Network Study In Sub-Saharan Africa.

Introduction: High blood pressure is a prominent risk factor for stroke in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where dietary factors associated with blood pressure are often under-reported. Hypothesis: Dietary patterns (DP) are not associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) among stroke-free Africans from Ghana and Nigeria. Methods: Information on diet history (including servings and frequency of consumption) was collected from 4,413 stroke-free persons (recruited from Nigeria and Ghana) and transformed using principal component analysis to estimate seven distinct factor scores that represented seven DP. SBP and DBP measurements were taken using standard operating procedures and linear regression models (adjusting for age, sex, smoking and alcohol use) were applied to estimate beta (β) coefficients and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association of the DP (using the factor scores) with SBP and DBP at P &lt;0.05. Results: Mean age was 56.18±14.90years, 48.6% were females, 6.1% reported ever smoked cigarette and 24,8% reported alcohol use. Mean SBP and DBP were 135.53±24.21mmHg and 82.62±14.27mmHg respectively. Seven dietary patterns ('Vegetables', 'Sweetened food&amp;Carbonated drinks', 'Organ &amp; Red meat', 'Processed foods', 'Dairy, Legumes&amp;Whole grains', 'Potatoes, Refined grains&amp;Fish' and 'Fried&amp;Salty foods') were identified in this sample. Overall, factors scores of DP were not significantly associated with SBP, but DBP was significantly reduced by factors of 'Vegetables' patterns (β = -0.60; 95% CI: -1.02, -0.18, P =0.005), 'Dairy, Legume&amp;Whole grain' patterns (β = -0.50; 95% CI: -0.92, -0.06, P =0.019) and Potatoes, Refined grains &amp; Fish patterns (β = -0.54 (-0.99, 95% CI: -0.10, P =0.016). Conclusion(s): Adherence to plant-based diets was associated with reduced blood pressure particularly diastolic blood pressure. The association between DP and blood pressure may be complex but dietary advisory encouraging the consumption of plant-based diets may be helpful in the primary prevention of high blood pressure in this population.

Using an Intervention Mapping Approach to Develop a Program for Preventing High Blood Pressure in a Marginalized Afro-Colombian Population: A Community-Based Participatory Research.

The prevention of high blood pressure (HBP) is an important public health initiative worldwide, since HBP is the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and increases the damage caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We designed, implemented, and evaluated a program to identify effective and sustainable interventions for preventing HBP in a marginalized black population. Our study was conducted in Quibdó, a city in Colombia with the highest poverty rate and located in the Pacific coast, a subregion in Colombia with the highest prevalence of HBP. We followed an intervention mapping framework using a community-based participatory research approach. Focus groups, photovoice, literature reviews, and cross-sectional quantitative surveys were used for data collection. The community chose the time, place, and type of physical activity; led the physical activities; and strengthened their skills in seeking resources in their community to sustain the program. The evaluation was aimed at determining whether the interventions were able to achieve the program’s primary aim. We used a before (September 2016) and after (December 2017) design for the evaluation. To decrease the selection bias and allow comparisons between homogeneous groups, we used a propensity score matching technique. The steps required to create a self-sustaining physical activity program were provided in detail. The pre-post test showed a decrease of the HBP (systolic, 13.4% points; p = 0.018; diastolic, 6.5% points; p = 0.002). The program may be an effective and self-sustaining intervention, and it can be replicated by policymakers and implemented in other population groups.

Simultaneous Semiparametric Estimation of Clustering and Regression

ABSTRACT We investigate the parameter estimation of regression models with fixed group effects, when the group variable is missing while group-related variables are available. This problem involves clustering to infer the missing group variable based on the group-related variables, and regression to build a model on the target variable given the group and eventually some additional variables. Thus, this problem can be formulated as the joint distribution modeling of the target and of the group-related variables. The usual parameter estimation strategy for this joint model is a two-step approach starting by learning the group variable (clustering step) and then plugging in its estimator for fitting the regression model (regression step). However, this approach is suboptimal (providing in particular biased regression estimates) since it does not make use of the target variable for clustering. Thus, we advise the use of a simultaneous estimation approach of both clustering and regression, in a semiparametric framework. Numerical experiments illustrate the benefits of our proposition by considering wide ranges of distributions and regression models. The relevance of our new method is illustrated on real data dealing with problems associated with high blood pressure prevention. The proposed approach is implemented in the R package ClusPred available on CRAN. Supplementary materials containing the technical details and the R codes are available online.

Association of body mass index and waist circumference with high blood pressure in older adults

BackgroundThe relationship between obesity and prevalent high blood pressure in older adults has predominantly been estimated using categorical measures of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), masking the shape of the dose-response relationship. We aimed to examine the precise relationship of BMI, WC with high blood pressure and to assess the appropriate level of BMI and WC for high blood pressure.MethodsWe examined data for 126,123 individuals in Xinzheng city aged ≥60 years from a population based study from January to December 2019. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to assess the relationship and the appropriate level of BMI and WC for high blood pressure. An additive interaction analysis was used to test synergistic effects between a higher BMI and WC for high blood pressure.ResultsThe full-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of an increase of 1 kg/m2 in BMI and 1 cm in WC for high blood pressure were 1.084 (1.080–1.087) and 1.026(1.024–1.027), respectively. Multivariable adjusted restricted cubic spline analyses showed the nonlinear relationships of BMI and WC with high blood pressure in both men and women (all P < 0.001). The risk of high blood pressure increased steeply with increasing BMI from ≥25 kg/m2 and WC ≥ 88 cm or 86 cm for males and females, respectively. And we observed a significant additive interaction between a higher BMI and WC such that the prevalence of high blood pressure was significantly enhanced.ConclusionThese findings suggest increased high blood pressure prevalence in the older adults with increased BMI and WC. BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2 and WC ≤ 88 cm or 86 cm for males and females may be the best suggestion with regard to primary prevention of high blood pressure in older adults.

Characterization of ACE Inhibitory Peptides Prepared from Pyropia pseudolinearis Protein

More than 7000 red algae species have been classified. Although most of them are underused, they are a protein-rich marine resource. The hydrolysates of red algal proteins are good candidates for the inhibition of the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE). The ACE is one of the key factors for cardiovascular disease, and the inhibition of ACE activity is related to the prevention of high blood pressure. To better understand the relationship between the hydrolysates of red algal proteins and the inhibition of ACE activity, we attempted to identify novel ACE inhibitory peptides from Pyropia pseudolinearis. We prepared water soluble proteins (WSP) containing phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. In vitro analysis showed that the thermolysin hydrolysate of the WSP had high ACE inhibitory activity compared to that of WSP. We then identified 42 peptides in the hydrolysate by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Among 42 peptides, 23 peptides were found in chloroplast proteins. We then synthesized the uncharacterized peptides ARY, YLR, and LRM and measured the ACE inhibitory activity. LRM showed a low IC50 value (0.15 μmol) compared to ARY and YLR (1.3 and 5.8 μmol). In silico analysis revealed that the LRM sequence was conserved in cpcA from Bangiales and Florideophyceae, indicating that the novel ACE inhibitory peptide LRM was highly conserved in red algae.

Epidemiologic Profile of Hypertension in Northern Iranian Population: The PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS).

Background:Estimates region-related prevalence of hypertension and attempts to identify its related factors at the district levels are required for prevention and management of hypertension.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemic features and related factors of hypertension and its awareness, treatment, and control rates among the northern Iranian population.Methods:It was a community based cross-sectional study based on data from PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS). In total, 10,520 participants (aged 35–70 years) from the Guilan Province in northern Iran included in this study, between October 8, 2014, and January 20, 2017. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or a prior diagnosis of hypertension or being on antihypertensive medication. Potential correlates of hypertension and its awareness, treatment and control were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression adjusted for demographic factors, anthropometric characteristics, lifestyle variables, past medical history, and laboratory data.Results:The prevalence of hypertension was 43.2% and the hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rate were 53.4%, 49.8%, and 73.7%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that older age, urbanization, lower education, overweight and obesity, lower physical activity, prediabetes and diabetes, cardiovascular disease, psychiatric disorder, positive family history of hypertension and raised serum creatinine were independently associated with presence of hypertension. Awareness of hypertension was greater in the female sex, older age, rural residency, higher education and patient with comorbidities. Older age, rural residency and comorbidities were associated with treatment of hypertension. Control of hypertension was better among younger age, higher education, normal weight and higher physical activity.Conclusion:Hypertension is highly prevalent in the northern Iranian population. About half of affected persons are unaware of their disease and untreated. Modifying risk factors (such as weight lose and increase physical activity) and increasing hypertension awareness (by screening) is essential for primary and secondary prevention of high blood pressure in this population, especially in urban areas and among males, younger ages, and less educated.

The prevalence of hypertension and influencing factors among the employees of a university hospital.

Hypertension is a serious disease with increasing worldwide prevalence, leading to life-threatening complications. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a university hospital. The Occupational Health and Safety Unit data concerning the health examinations of employees were used to determine the prevalence of hypertension in a university hospital and to define the relationship between hypertension and sociodemographic and occupational parameters. Logistic regression analyses were performed for the variables having a significant association with high blood pressure. The data generated during the periodic examination of 3,480 (92%) of all employees (3,780) were analyzed. The prevalence of hypertension was 14.8%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 13.5%, 13.9%, and 23.7% among physicians, non-physician healthcare personnel and officers respectively. The logistic regression model revealed a statistically significant correlation between hypertension and male gender, age and BMI. The prevalence of hypertension was highest among staff members. Special programs would facilitate the diagnosis, control, and prevention of high blood pressure among the high-risk groups, especially men, the elderly and the obese hospital employees.

Effect of Comprehensive Interventions Including Nutrition Education and Physical Activity on High Blood Pressure among Children: Evidence from School-Based Cluster Randomized Control Trial in China.

Childhood hypertension has increasingly become a public health problem globally. However, limited literature research examined the effect of comprehensive interventions including nutrition education and physical activity on blood pressure among children. A total of 6764 children aged 7–13 years were analyzed based on a multicenter randomized controlled trial for comprehensive interventions in 30 primary schools in China to evaluate the effects on blood pressure, which lasted for two semesters. The standards used for the diagnosis of high blood pressure were the cut-off points based on age and sex for Chinese children. Compared with the control group, the intervention effects were −0.5 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI): −1.1, 0; p = 0.064) for diastolic blood pressure and −0.9 mmHg (95% CI: −1.5, −0.3; p = 0.005) for systolic blood pressure. For the incidence of high blood pressure, the changes were −1.4% in the intervention group and 0.4% in the control group (1.8% difference between the two groups, p = 0.015) after trial. The school-based comprehensive interventions appeared to have moderate effects on high blood pressure prevention among children in China.

Prediction of temporary disability due to of circulatory system diseases in housing and communal services employees

Aim. To develop a prognostic model of incidence of temporary (short-term) disability due to cardiovascular diseases in a housing and communal services employees using the example of the State Unitary Enterprise (SUE) Vodokanal of St. Petersburg.&#x0D; Methods. The study included 4634 people, observed in the departmental outpatient clinic of SUE Vodokanal of St. Petersburg, between 2015 and 2017 years. We calculated extensive indicators determining the disease patterns and intensive indicators characterizing the prevalence of the pathological process in the study of morbidity by the findings of periodic health examinations and incidence of short-term disability. The incidence of short-term disability was predicted by using the method of sequential analysis A. Wald modified by E.V. Gubler and the neural network.&#x0D; Results. We found that based on the operational and statistical data of the medical and sanitary unit, using a neural network, relying on linear and nonlinear dependence of comorbidity, in particular, respiratory diseases, it is possible to predict (in 92.4% of cases) the incidence of temporary disability due to cardiovascular diseases in employees of the housing and communal services SUE Vodokanal of St. Petersburg. The high sensitivity (97.7%) and specificity (90.7%) of the method allows it to predict the need for treatment and prophylaxis measures in the contingent attached to the medical and sanitary unit.&#x0D; Conclusion. The developed model allows to determine the main directions of preventive work to reduce the incidence of circulatory system diseases with temporary disability: prevention of high blood pressure and respiratory diseases.

Whole-genome sequencing of Tarim red deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis) reveals demographic history and adaptations to an arid-desert environment

BackgroundThe initiation of desert conditions in the Tarim Basin in China since the late Miocene has led to the significant genetic structuring of local organisms. Tarim Red Deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis, TRD) have adapted to the harsh environmental conditions in this basin, including high solar radiation and temperature, aridity, and poor nutritional conditions. However, the underlying genetic basis of this adaptation is poorly understood.ResultsWe sequenced the whole genomes of 13 TRD individuals, conducted comparative genomic analyses, and estimated demographic fluctuation. The ∂a∂i model estimated that the TRD and Tule elk (Cervus canadensis nannodes) populations diverged approximately 0.98 Mya. Analyses revealed a substantial influence of the Earth’s climate on the effective population size of TRD, associated with glacial advances and retreat, and human activities likely underlie a recent serious decline in population. A marked bottleneck may have profoundly affected the genetic diversity of TRD populations. We detected a set of candidate genes, pathways, and GO categories related to oxidative stress, water reabsorption, immune regulation, energy metabolism, eye protection, heat stress, respiratory system adaptation, prevention of high blood pressure, and DNA damage and repair that may directly or indirectly be involved in the adaptation of TRD to an arid-desert environment.ConclusionsOur analyses highlight the role of historical global climates in the population dynamics of TRD. In light of ongoing global warming and the increasing incidence of droughts, our study offers insights into the genomic adaptations of animals, especially TRD, to extreme arid-desert environments and provides a valuable resource for future research on conservation design and biological adaptations to environmental change.

Pemahaman dan Praktik Pencegahan Tekanan Darah Tinggi di Desa Cilayung (Tinjauan Antropologis)

This research discusses the understanding and practice of high blood pressure prevention and treatment in Desa Cilayung using medical anthropology perspective. This research applied qualitative method, in particular, ethnography. The data were collected through participant observation and in-depth interview. The results of this research indicate that people in Desa Cilayung understand high blood pressure as a disease caused by excessive mental pressure, excessive physical activity, and excessive salt consumption. Practices for prevention and treatment include reducing causal factors and taking medicines from biomedical practitioners and ethnomedicine from traditional healers or medicinal plants they obtain from their homegarden. This understanding and practices have been influenced by people’s local belief on disease etiology and its treatment.