Domestic Violence Prevention Research Articles

Film fabularny jako przestrzeń edukacyjna w profilaktyce przemocy w rodzinie adresowanej do uczniów szkół średnich, realizowanej przez Komendę Powiatową Policji w Garwolinie

The aim of the presentation is to present preventive measures and preventive measures being taken by the Polish Police in the area of domestic violence, using the feature films e.g. Pręgi and Plac Zbawicela. In this article, the following issues will be shown: existence of domestic violence with its psychological, emotional, social and religious determinants and long-term consequences for the victim as well. It is also appropriate to discuss socio-psychological context of violence. Firstly, we will show the sustainability of pathological conditions of the situations. Secondly, we will consider reasons for lack of defence activities. At the very end we will present negation attitudes and behaviour of the offender and the factors causing enslavement of the victims (affection and dependency in terms of social functioning in family, marriage or in concubinage). In order to present the whole problem included in the title of this presentation, we ought to point the regulations and the legal basis for all actions that have to eliminate this phenomenon (the Constitution, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Criminal Code, the Law on prevention of domestic violence, the procedure NK). The practical part of the discussed issues will be the analysis of specific forms of violence: threats punishable with art.190 of the Penal Code, stalking with art. 190a of the Penal Code, coercion with art.191 of the Penal Code, domestic violence with art. 207 of the Penal Code, pimping of art. 204 of the Penal Code, paedophilia and pornography presenting people with Article minors. 200 of the Penal Code, the Penal Code 200a, 200b of the Penal Code, trafficking in human beings (so called – Abdomen for rent) and human organs; trafficking for prostitution. Another issue there will be linguistic and rhetorical analysis of prophylactic actions regarding to its stylistics e.g. an visual imagery, comparisons and a paraphrase. As far as working tools are concerned, it should be stressed that beyond the previously parsed spoken word, it is reasonable to discuss the role of the merits of a multimedia presentation, as also to analyze and highlight the role of the feature film. It is worth stating that films graphically and emotionally relate to the presented issues using the depicted history and the ensuing timeless content. What is more, they help to enhance the acquisition and consolidation of the meeting’s theme and they enable to sensitize on identical pathological phenomena that occur in the real environment of each of the participants. The last but not least is the fact that films encourage to protect themselves and others and they teach how to maximize the effectiveness of preventive actions. At the very end, there is a place for the conclusions that follow our analysis of forms and methods of work in crime prevention in domestic violence. First of all, they will give opportunities for a better impact on the recipient as well as they will help to improve further action in this regard.

Міжвідомча взаємодія у боротьбі з домашнім насильством

The role of interdepartmental interaction to combating against domestic violence is described. The need for interdepartmental cooperation in combating against domestic violence is highlighted. Interdepartmental cooperation is considered as a coordinated prevention of domestic violence and ensuring effective and practical realization of the rights of victims. Aspects (appearance, meaning, process, result) of domestic violence are described. It is stated that the act of domestic violence is a planned, conscious, controlled process. It is proved that in accordance with international standards and domestic legislation, interdepartmental cooperation is carried out both in the field of prevention and combating domestic violence. A socio-pedagogical model of domestic violence prevention is developed. The use of the model makes it possible to describe not only the long-term relationships between its components, but also to determine the potential ability of individual components in the future to restore equilibrium. In general, the developed socio and pedagogical model of prevention of domestic violence will effectively to combating against domestic violence and its recurrence. Presented analysis demonstrates the benefits of comprehensively reflecting the interagency relationships between different organizations and victims of domestic violence.

Protection from domestic violence in the Republic of Kosovo

The paper analyzes and elaborates the protection from domestic violence, the subjects protected by law, the protection measures provided by law such as: lawsuit, court order, shelter of the victim, issuance of protection order, investigation, identification and responsibilities of the police on the basis of the law on the protection of victims of domestic violence. The paper will also analyze the measures taken to prevent domestic violence, strategies and efforts. Mutual police communications with the public through press releases, leaflets, leaflets, targeting negative phenomena in society, transparency on all taboo topics in the public interest but understood on the basis of legal restrictions. The paper also included research by various authors from both national and international perspectives on domestic violence. The paper uses inductive and deductive research methods, as well as analytical and comparative methods. This paper contributes to the existing scientific literature, especially the legal, criminological and victimological literature. Furthermore, this paper is likely to contribute to the work of NGOs that deal with providing victims of domestic violence, but also to the work of state bodies for the prevention of domestic violence, which is and remains a national challenge.

Crime of domestic violence (Article 126-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine): analysis of judicial practice

The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of judicial practice of the crime of domestic violence. The urgency of the topic is due to the need to develop Ukraine as a modern democratic state governed by the rule of law and further expand legal regulation in the field of prevention and combating domestic violence. Methodology. Methodological tools are selected in accordance with the purpose, objectives, object and subject of research. The methodological basis of the study are philosophical, general and special-scientific methods of cognition. The theoretical basis of the study were the prescriptions of regulations of current legislation of Ukraine and scientific works of domestic scientists on domestic violence. Taking into account the specifics and complexity of the chosen subject of research, interdisciplinary and complex approaches were used, which allowed to work out and interpret the results of empirical research. The generally accepted principles of scientific knowledge are applied, in particular, the principle of determinism, the principle of conformity, the principle of subsidiarity.
 The methods, techniques, principles used made it possible to identify, distinguish, distinguish and prolong the relationship of part and whole, single and total selected sample, emphasizing the dialectical unity and difference between the properties, relationships and aspects of the subject.
 The empirical basis of the study is the information obtained from the analysis of case law, namely: acts of criminal law (court verdicts), the period of adoption from 01.01.2020 to 01.01.2021, the decisions of which are placed in the Unified State Register of Judgments of Ukraine. In the course of the research the concept, legal consequences and composition of the crime of Article 126-1 were revealed and characterized. Domestic violence of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The variability of structural units of criminal-legal interaction of the offender-victim with the indication of the family-legal status of the participants in the crime of domestic violence is emphasized. Attention is paid to fragments of legal reality and to certain orientation units of lawful and wrongful behavior. The influence of genetic and environmental factors on the formation of the behavior of participants in deep conflict domestic violence is noted.
 Attention is paid to the commission of crimes based on personal hostility. Also, the interpretation of the sample data revealed that a significant number of crimes of domestic violence were committed by the perpetrator (suspect / accused) in a state of intoxication or under the influence of psychoactive substances (alcoholic beverages), which in turn indicates the problem of interdependent, addictive behaviors, psychologic emotional imbalance. Thus, the modular interrelationships of the participants in the deep conflict in the field of domestic violence, taking the form of a criminal act, are determined by a set of interconnected, interdependent factors of biological and social nature. This gives grounds to argue about the need to improve measures to prevent and correct deviant behavior in society.
 Based on the results of the study, conclusions and recommendations were formed regarding the improvement of social and legal influence in the field of prevention and counteraction to domestic violence. Among other things, it is expedient to modernize social policy, form, develop the institution of "family", "general family", as well as the development and implementation of targeted comprehensive programs for the prevention of domestic violence, legal education, structured according to psychological age, hierarchy of activities, neoplasms of consciousness and personality. The general conditions of such an approach are the successful acquisition of knowledge and skills of self-regulation of behavior, as well as the formation of motivational and demanding sphere of personality of the right direction.
 The obtained results can be used: in research work — for further research of legal, psychological specifics and structure of domestic violence; in law-making — to improve the legal regulation of the system of prevention, counteraction to domestic violence; — law enforcement activities — in the implementation of state policy in the field of prevention, combating domestic violence; in the educational process — in the preparation of lectures, seminars, practical classes; in legal and educational activities — to improve the modular guidelines of socio-legal behavior of the individual, aimed at raising the level of legal awareness, legal culture; as well as for all other professionals who deal with domestic violence.

Family perceptions of the Active Breed men’s health program

Introduction: Active Breed was a 12-week gender-tailored weight loss and health promotion program for men delivered through a professional National Rugby League club in South-Western Sydney, Australia. The intervention comprised 12 weekly 90-minute education and physical activity (PA) sessions delivered at the club’s home stadium. Education sessions focused on weight loss, PA, dietary intake, mental health, and domestic violence prevention, and PA sessions included training in the club’s gyms and rugby league-related games.

Преступность несовершеннолетних и молодежи: состояние и перспективы

The official decline in registered crime rates is associated with a high level of its latency, new forms and methods of its commission, «computerization of crime» and an artificial redistribution of public attention to extremist crime and corruption. Russian crime continues to be self-serving, violent, and organized. A factor of its latency is the problem of the young people’s career placing in the job and low pay for their work. The Internet is actively used by «criminal IT specialists» in drug trafficking, deliberately false reports of acts of terrorism; juveniles and young people are chosen as perpetrators of crimes and as victims of crimes. They are also characterized by participation in the organization of prostitution, illegal arms trafficking, and self-serving violent crimes. The family remains both the factor of juvenile and youth crime, and the main subject of its prevention. The adoption of the criminogenic draft law «On the prevention of domestic violence», the legalization of the drug market and the authorization of the use of methadone in Russia are unacceptable. Prevention of crimes committed by juveniles, young people and their families is a priority, it should be based on the developed state ideology. It is based on morality, patriotism, healthy lifestyle, and law-abiding behavior. A return to the priority of international law is essential. This will preserve the system of prevention and suppression of the most dangerous types of crimes using mechanisms of international control and interaction.

Socio-psychological portrait of women who have been subjected to violence: general characteristics of the problem in the Scandinavian countries and Russia

The article provides a comparative analysis of the socio-psychological portrait of women who have been subjected to violence abroad and in Russia. The subject of the analysis is the psychological, social and national characteristics of women who have ever been subjected to violence. The difficulties of adopting the draft law "On the prevention of domestic violence in the Russian Federation" are considered in detail. This draft law gives a broad interpretation of the concept of "domestic violence" and proposes to accept this phenomenon as a legal problem in order to effectively combat domestic violence. It is noted that Scandinavian women differ from each other in their national and psychological characteristics, consequently, when faced with domestic violence, they will also behave completely differently. However, the socio-psychological portrait of the victims, both in Russia and in Northern Europe, will be the same. In this regard, there is an urgent need for theoretical and empirical research in the field of organizing social work with women who have been subjected to violence, where the key element is the provision of a wide range of social services by social work specialists to this category of the population. The social experience of the Northern European countries in providing assistance to female victims of domestic violence is very effective.

Legal regulation of prevention of domestic violence in Ukraine

The aim of the article is to clarify the limits and content of the normative regulation of the prevention of domestic violence in Ukraine based on the values of natural law, the theory of criminal, civil and administrative law, and current legislation. In addition, an analysis of the legal support for the training and implementation of State policy in the field of protection of victims of domestic violence is carried out. The legal nature and content of the legal regulation of the prevention of domestic violence in Ukraine are revealed. The dialectical method contributed to the consideration and study of the problem in the unity of its social content and legal form and to the implementation of a systematic analysis of the normative regulation of the prevention of domestic violence in Ukraine. Everything allows us to conclude that the norms of international, European, and national law that regulate the relations of prevention and fight against domestic violence in Ukraine are articulated. Finally, special attention is paid to the organizational and legal aspects of the fight against domestic violence in relation to changes in Ukrainian legislation.

О нарушении логики правового механизма привлечения к ответственности за побои и дополнительных мерах их профилактики

The relevance of the research is determined by a legal gap in the current legislation, which lies in the fact that when bringing a person who has committed a crime under Article 116.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation repeatedly in relation to the same person to responsibility, the state of the criminal record of this criminal is not taken into account.
 In this case, a person who has unexpunged or outstanding convictions, when committing battery for the third time, according to common sense, should be brought to criminal responsibility, and not to administrative responsibility, as is currently the case.
 In order to eliminate this conflict, the authors propose to include part 2 of Art. 1161 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which provides for the liability of a person who has an unexpunged or outstanding conviction in relation to the same person. At the same time, the authors consider it necessary to include a group of criminal cases considered as cases of public prosecution to part 2 of Art. 1161 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
 The authors also see an urgent problem of the need to improve the effectiveness of the prevention of domestic violence through the inclusion of new legal means in legislation and law enforcement practice. Attempts to implement the norms of international acts providing for legal means of preventing domestic violence in the Russian Federation, as well as the study of foreign experience on this issue, according to the authors, looks ambiguous and is debatable. In particular, the issue of introducing protective orders and orders as administrative and legal means of preventing administrative offenses through the adoption of the federal law «On the Prevention of Domestic Violence in the Russian Federation» is being considered.
 According to the authors, taking into account the foreign practice, there are sufficient grounds to believe that protective prescriptions and some other means will not be able to confirm their effectiveness in Russia.

Exploring the functional distinction between Hindu religiosity and spirituality in direct and indirect domestic violence prevention PSAs: a study of bystander intervention in the era of COVID-19

Intervening in a domestic violence scenario is challenging, and the act of helping victims of abuse has become exceedingly difficult with the onset of COVID-19. During lockdowns, women end up trapped with perpetrators of domestic violence, severely restricting the means of seeking help. Bystanders can play an important role in providing assistance, and the motivation to intervene depends on various underlying factors. The uncertainty caused by the pandemic has encouraged people to find solace and hope in religion and spirituality. Using goal congruity and priming theories, we treated religiosity and spirituality as separate constructs and investigated their impact on attitude toward helping victims and intention to engage in direct intervention (i.e. knocking on the door) or indirect intervention (i.e. calling the advertised helpline) among Hindus in India. Findings show that only spirituality influenced intention, via attitude, to engage in indirect intervention, while only religiosity directly influenced intention to engage in direct intervention. In terms of goal congruity, priming the advertised intervention (i.e. direct or indirect) triggered the salience of one’s religious (i.e. ego-driven self-enhancement) or spiritual (i.e. altruism) goals. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

Case of “Levchuk vs Ukraine” and its importance for the protection of women from domestic violence in Ukraine

The paper is devoted to the characterization and analysis of the content of the key positions of the European Court of Human Rights embodied in the judgment in Levchuk v. Ukraine and related to the protection of the right to a fair trial, the right to an effective remedy and the right to respect for private and family life in the context of the protection and restoration of the applicant`s violated rights in connection with the commission of domestic violence against her. Therefore the purpose of the paper is to establish the content of the ECtHR’s legal opinions and positions embodied in the judgment in Levchuk v. Ukraine in the light of combating domestic violence, protecting victims and the prospects of the Court’s impact on domestic violence prevention and protection in Ukraine. Author states that the ECtHR's findings as to the need for the national court to take into account the risks of future physical and psychological violence by the applicant's ex-husband and cohabitant in deciding on his eviction as a realization of a right to an effective remedy not only per se, but also in an expedited trial. These components suggest that the Court in this case established a positive obligation on the part of the State of Ukraine through its judicial and law enforcement system to ensure the effective protection of the applicant from domestic violence. It is argued that despite the application by the ECtHR in this case only individual measures in the form of payment of compensation to the applicant, the precedent nature of the judgment in Levchuk v. Ukraine and the Court’s legal findings in the context of combating domestic violence in our country can lead to gradual and thorough regulative and administrative changes, approaching the moment of ratification of the Istanbul Convention by Ukraine.

‘My Family and I Are Absolutely against This Law’: Gender Citizenship and Domestic Violence in Contemporary Russia

The article examines how post-soviet legal initiatives on prevention of intimate partner and domestic violence relate to the concepts of gender citizenship and “new private” which transformed gender order in the Russian Federation. To explore emerging concepts the article focuses on the discursive practices of the public debate on the draft law “On prevention of family-domestic violence,” which was released by the Federation Council for the online public discussion on 29 November 2019 and became the most debated draft law drawing 11,186 online entries as comments. Using grounded theory to identify main discursive clusters of the public debate, the article offers an analysis of how theories of cultural sovereignty and “new private” are articulated in contemporary Russian public space. This analysis, supplemented by the examination of other legal and policy documents on prevention of violence against women, gender policy and human rights of women, resulted in conclusions that in post-soviet Russia the concept of gender citizenship has been developing in the close relationship with the concept of cultural sovereignty, which provides the State with legitimate ways to exercise a selective approach to the guarantees of human rights and reject gender-sensitive legislation on the grounds of protecting the family as a traditional value at the expense of human rights of women.

Problems of preventing domestic violence against children in Ukraine.

The article reveals the problems of domestic violence against children in Ukraine. It is noted that the globalization changes in the social-economic and political processes taking place in the XXI century require legal protection of the legal rights and interests of human being and citizen in various spheres of life, including domestic sphere. Unfortunately, domestic violence against children is not an accidental fact of human destructiveness, but a stable, massive, extremely dangerous phenomenon that requires (ultra ratio) state intervention on a daily basis. The article emphasizes that the problems of preventing domestic violence against children, as one of the forms of domestic criminality in Ukraine, are generally little studied and quite relevant for our society, and in particular for every family. Factors that shape the causes and conditions of domestic violence against children are related to: – social-political crisis in Ukraine, which does not strengthen the protection of the family as the main center of society, but on the contrary corrupts its foundations; stratification of the population according to the level of material condition, when some families have everything and others survive as they can; – insecurity of the majority of citizens in the future, which creates a reluctance to have children, to deal with their upbringing; – the emergence of aggression and conflict in the family, as a consequence, divorce, the commission of a criminal offense with all its features; – the perpetrator of domestic violence against a child creates a psychological trauma, which can create a basis for aggression in adulthood; – lack of pedagogical knowledge and basics of psychology in most parents, which leads to cruelty, violence in relations between adults and children, etc. In the process of researching the problems of domestic violence against children, we paid attention to the data on the physical and mental state of health of the subjects of domestic violence (father or mother). According to some of the criminal proceedings we have studied regarding the commission of a criminal offense under Art. 126-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, we failed to establish any chronic (somatic) diseases in perpetrators who committed violence against children. This means that the abuser is directly aware of the commission of illegal acts against his child and wants to commit them. The construction of a system for the prevention of domestic violence against children is substantiated, which can take place only with the implementation of comprehensive programs adopted on the basis of state criminal policy, taking into account the specifics of the state of domestic violence and its nature.

Interaction of the community police officer with the structural units of the National Police and other entities that implement measures to prevent and combat domestic violence

The purpose of the article was to determine the theoretical and legal basis for the interaction of the community police officer with the structural units of the National Police and other entities that implement measures to prevent and combat domestic violence.
 It has been established that the process of interaction of the community police officer with the structural units of the National Police and other entities implementing measures to prevent and combat domestic violence is multifaceted and systematic.
 It is determined that the interaction of the community police officer with the service for children can take place within two vectors, namely the prevention (prophylactic measures) of domestic violence (propaganda and explanatory work) and combating domestic violence (drawing up a report on an administrative offense, analysis and collection of information and data indicating violations of children's rights, etc.).
 It is emphasized that the educational institution may act as an entity that detects the facts of domestic violence, within this activity the community police officer is invited to find out the real circumstances of the case, and later, if the fact of violence is confirmed, to draw up appropriate procedural documents.
 It has been established that the role of the prosecutor in preventing and combating domestic violence is limited by procedural guidance. As a result, the community police officer's interaction with the prosecutor's office is limited to criminal proceedings.
 It is argued that the interaction of the community police officer with the authorized bodies on probation takes place after the release of the offender from prison and is to determine the procedure for establishing administrative supervision.
 In conclusion, it is proposed to create a mechanism by which one institution of society will complement another in the process of interaction and implementation of its powers in the field of preventing and combating domestic violence. Under such a system, the precondition for interaction should be the initiative of one of the parties or the fact of committing an illegal act.

Unpacking Bangladesh’s ‘women’s leadership paradox’ through the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act of 2010

ABSTRACT This article unpacks the ‘women’s leadership paradox’ through the case of the adoption and implementation of the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) (DVPP) Act 2010 of Bangladesh. It looks at two forms of women’s leadership, one at the civil society/women’s movement level and the other at the female elected representatives at the parliament and executive level, and analyses under what circumstances female leadership can play a role in policy adoption. The case of the DVPP Act provides an interesting example of the ‘leadership paradox’ as women in leadership positions (both in the civil society/women’s movement level and the parliamentary and executive level) successfully strategised to gain access to key decision makers and move forward their agenda during the DVPP Act’s adoption. However, this efficiency did not translate into implementation, showing that female leadership did play a role in policy adoption, but they do not have the same strength in policy implementation.

Chicago’s Stay-at-Home Mandate—The Need to Improve on Domestic Violence Prevention and Response

Chicago’s Stay-at-Home Mandate—The Need to Improve on Domestic Violence Prevention and Response

Importance of Social and Criminological Analysis of the Domestic Sphere of Society Life in Preventing Family Crime

Article provides a socio-criminological analysis of the sphere of everyday life, gives definitions of this concept by specialists in various fields of knowledge. The influence of the family on the commission of domestic crimes is considered. It is noted that in Russia there is a long overdue need for the adoption at the state level of the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence.

“Hush, Girl! Don’t Share Your Family Troubles with the Outside World”

Domestic abuse is a significant problem in Sri Lanka with government statistics showing that 17% of ever-married women between the ages of 15 to 49 have experienced some form of domestic abuse. However, this number could be higher in reality, given the prevalence of physical and emotional abuse in situations where partners live together without being married, in situations where the woman is under 15 years of age (Sri Lanka has a 2% child marriage rate), and due to low self-reportage. Although Sri Lankans can only be married after they reach 18 years of age, the war and economic conditions have resulted in a high number of child marriages in recent times. In this paper, I look at two main questions: What is the correlation between child marriage and the beginning of abuse? What is the correlation between pregnancy and the beginning of abuse? The paper draws from desk research. The paper looks only at physical abuse: It is acknowledged that the arena of emotional abuse was recognized only in 2005 after the Prevention of Domestic Violence Act was introduced in 2005 and that even now, such abuse is not given the prominence it deserves in conversations on domestic abuse. However, it was not possible in this research to examine emotional abuse due to time and resource constraints and also because even today the aspect of domestic physical abuse is also not accepted as a problem in Sri Lanka. Keywords: Domestic abuse; intimate partner violence; silencing women in intimate partnerships, child marriages, marital rape

Case Study of Community-Level Domestic and Sexual Violence Prevention: Using Concept Mapping to Evaluate Community Narratives Over Time

Case Study of Community-Level Domestic and Sexual Violence Prevention: Using Concept Mapping to Evaluate Community Narratives Over Time

Growing violence: the image of the boy in Australian domestic violence prevention campaigns

ABSTRACT This paper explores the discursive construction of boys in two Australia domestic violence primary prevention advertisement campaigns. The first, ‘Stop it at the Start’, is an Australian government initiative which launched in 2016 and includes five different video shorts. The second is the Victorian Government’s 2016 ‘Respect Women. For Our Children’s Future’ campaign, which includes two video advertisements: ‘Nothing Good about Dads Who Abuse Women’ and ‘Family Violence Has No Good Days’. We explore the tendency of these campaigns to construct boys as future perpetrators; their representation of boys’ unambiguous and painless inculcation into masculine violence; their lack of attention to the psychological effects of boys’ experiences of witnessing domestic violence; how the ‘future’ framing of the advertisement diverts attention away from violence done to women in the present; and, their failure to represent feminist education for boys. By examining these limitations, we draw attention to the places where an affirmative feminist studies of boys is needed in order to address the realities and needs of boys in the present.