Preventive Child Research Articles

A Review on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention in Children and Adults

The risk of developing chronic diseases and other morbidities is decreased by health promotion and disease prevention. Systemic meta-analysis was used to produce review articles that were published between 2019 and 2023. The study's goal is to review the literature on illness prevention and health promotion for both adults and children. The data regarding disease prevention in children in 2019 (Diabetes Mellitus), 2020 (Obesity, Disability), 2021 In 2019, the focus was on physical activity and emotion management; in 2020, it was on reducing salt, smoking, alcohol, and increasing physical activity; in 2021, it was on reducing salt, smoking, alcohol, and increasing physical activity; in 2022, it was on positive wellbeing, resilience among individuals, and positive mental health; and in 2023, it was on lifestyle behaviours and COVID-19 preventive behaviours. In summary, this review article concludes that promoting health to both adults and children can help prevent disease by providing information on both acute and chronic conditions, which can reduce risk and prevent the disease state from worsening.

Unleashing the Power of Play: Exploring the Impact of Sport as a Tool for Crime and Violence Prevention in Children in Albania

Unleashing the Power of Play: Exploring the Impact of Sport as a Tool for Crime and Violence Prevention in Children in Albania

Blood Transfusion Vs. Hydroxyurea for Stroke Prevention in Children With Sickle Cell Anemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hereditary condition that can lead to severe complications in children such as acute coronary syndrome, splenic sequestration, renal failure, and stroke. Blood transfusion and hydroxyurea (HU) therapy are used to prevent stroke in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). Preliminary data show considerable variation and inconsistency in the use of these two therapeutic interventions. Therefore, this systematic review was carried out to compare the effects of blood transfusion to HU therapy in preventing stroke for children with sickle cell disease. There was an extensive literature search in reliable and authentic databases like PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, and Science Direct to obtain relevant articles. This study used the standards and guidelines from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). During the systematic review, data were obtained focusing on the following parameters: the size of the sample in the study, the age of the subjects involved in the study, the type of Intervention, and the outcome. After an initial search of 163 papers, 25 studies were included. The results of the research give the first evidence that HU is effective in the treatment of cerebrovascular problems in children with SCD. However, it is unclear under what circumstances HU may prevent a second stroke. It can be concluded that children with SCAcan effectively avoid primary strokes through chronic blood transfusions and HU.

Parental Knowledge about Caries Prevention in Children Aged 2-6 years Old in Batam

Abstract: The incidence of caries in children is still very high in Indonesia. Parental knowledge can be assessed, among others, from the level of parental knowledge regarding caries prevention in children. The higher the level of parental knowledge, the better the parenting pattern, especially in educating children to maintain their healthy teeth and mouths. This study aimed to describe the parental level of knowledge regarding caries prevention in children aged 2-6 years in Batam, Indonesia based on education and occupation levels. This was a descriptive and observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted by distributing questionnaires using google-form to eight kindergartens and social media. The results obtained 145 parents as respondents; 43 respondents had poor knowledge, 88 had moderate knowledge, and 14 had good knowledge. From the respondents with moderate knowledge, 80.7% had college education and 36.4% worked as private employees. In conclusion, the majority of parents with moderate level of knowledge about caries prevention in children aged 2-6 years in Batam were college educated and worked as private employees.Keywords: caries; level of knowledge; occupation; parental knowledge Abstrak: Angka kejadian karies pada anak masih sangat tinggi di Indonesia. Tingkat pengetahuan orang tua dapat dinilai antara lain dari tinggi rendahnya pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pencegahan karies pada anak. Semakin tinggi tingkat pengetahuan orang tua akan semakin baik pula pola asuh orang tua terutama dalam mendidik anak untuk menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pencegahan karies pada anak usia 2-6 tahun di Kota Batam, Indonesia, berdasarkan tingkat pendi-dikan dan pekerjaan. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang yang bersifat data tetap, Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuisioner menggunakan google-form ke delapan Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) dan media sosial. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan jumlah responden sebanyak 145 orang tua. Tingkat pengetahuan kurang pada 43 responden; cukup, pada 88 responden; dan baik, pada 14 responden. Pada tingkat pengetahuan cukup, 80,7% responden berpendidikan perguruan tinggi dan 36,4% responden sebagai pegawai swasta. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah mayoritas orang tua dengan tingkat pengetahuan cukup mengenai pencegahan karies anak usia 2-6 tahun di Kota Batam mempunyai pendidikan perguruan tinggi dan bekerja sebagai pegawai swasta.Kata kunci: karies; orang tua; pekerjaan; tingkat pengetahuan orang tua

Structural Analysis of the Health Literacy Facet Access to Information on General Health, COVID-19 Infection Prevention, and Early Childhood Allergy Prevention in Pregnant Women and Mothers of Infants

Abstract. The health literacy (HL) facet Access to health information is measured in the European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU-Q47) by 12 items. To assess Access, we developed adapted item formulations for COVID-19 infection prevention (COVID-19-IP) and early childhood allergy prevention (ECAP) in addition to the original 12 items on General Health (GH). N = 343 (expectant) mothers of infants answered the items in an online assessment. Confirmatory structural analyses for ordinal data were adopted (WLSMV-algorithm). Women’s item ratings varied significantly across domains (η2 = .017 – .552). Bi-factor models exhibited the best data fit (GH / COVID-19-IP / ECAP: CFI = .964 / .968 / .977; SRMR: .062 / .069 / .035): The general factor Access most strongly determined item information. Additionally, three subfactors contributed significantly (but rather weakly) to the item information in each domain. The overall score Access proved to be internally consistent (McDonald’s ωGH/COVID-19-IP/ECAP = .874 / .883 / .897) and was associated with socioeconomic state (McArthur scale; rGH/COVID-19-IP/ECAP = .218 / .210 / .146). Access correlated not or only weakly with the other HL facets Understand, Appraise, and Apply. The health domains GH, COVID-19-IP, and ECAP moderated both the difficulty and the dimensional structure of the 12 Access items. This suggests that in the HLS-EU Access reflects not only the search competence but also the availability of health information.

Effects of the "FIFA11+ Kids" Program on Injury Prevention in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

FIFA11+ Kids is a warm-up program specially designed to prevent football injuries in children. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the effects of FIFA11+ Kids on injury prevention in young football players. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from 1 January 2016 to 24 August 2022. The primary outcome was overall injuries, and the secondary outcomes were severe, ankle, knee, and lower extremity injuries. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated for each outcome. Methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. A total of 230 articles were screened, 6 of which were finally included in the meta-analysis. Compared with normal warm-up training, FIFA11+ Kids significantly reduced overall injury risk (RR = 0.52 [95% CI, 0.44–0.62]; p < 0.00001), severe injury risk (RR = 0.33 [95% CI, 0.18–0.61]; p = 0.0004), lower extremity injury risk (RR = 0.51 [95% CI, 0.41–0.65]; p < 0.00001), knee injury risk (RR = 0.45 [95% CI, 0.29–0.72]; p = 0.0009), and ankle injury risk (RR = 0.56 [95% CI, 0.35–0.89]; p = 0.01) in young football players. FIFA11+ Kids was found to be an effective approach to decrease the injury risk among young football players, which is worth generalizing extensively.

Research advances on common detection biomarkers and methodology of children's growth and development assessment

With the rapid dissemination of information in modern society, Chinese residents pay more attention to the scientific concept of childcare, which makes the child prevention and health care industry develop rapidly. The law of children's growth and development is extremely complex, so it is necessary to detect different biomarkers according to different growth and development evaluation angles. Human growth hormone(hGH), insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3), thyroid hormone, sex hormone, anti-müllerian hormone(AMH) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D(25-OH VD) are common biomarkers to monitor children's growth and development. This article aims to explain the concept and characteristics of common biomarkers of growth and development, summarize the detection methods of common biomarkers of growth and development evaluation developed in recent years, and provide a reference for children's prevention and health care to select appropriate detection biomarkers.

Meteopathic Reactions and Their Prevention in Children with Bronchial Asthma in the Moscow Region: а Prospective Cohort Study of Patients with High Meteosensitivity

INTRODUCTION. The prevention, treatment and medical rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma is an urgent public health issue due to the increasing prevalence of the disease and its more severe course. According to the literature, most children with bronchial asthma have increased meteosensitivity, i.e. reduced resistance of the body to changing meteorological conditions, which is usually accompanied by the development of pathological meteotropic (meteopathic) reactions. Meteoprophylaxis using the method of interval hypoxic training contributes to reduction of frequency and severity of meteopathic reactions, improvement of functional state of respiratory system and psychological status. The positive effect of normobaric hypoxic therapy on clinical and functional parameters in children, including those with bronchial asthma, is known. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We examined 80 children with increased meteosensitivity, the study group consisted of 40 children who received normobaric hypoxic therapy, the comparison group consisted of 40 children who did not receive normobaric hypoxic therapy. The effect of normobaric hypoxic therapy on the clinical course of bronchial asthma, external respiratory function parameters (computerized flowmetry), psychoemotional status was studied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The beneficial effect of normobaric hypoxic therapy on the clinical course (reduction of dry paroxysmal cough, dry wheezing) was revealed. There was a statistically significant increase in the indexes of external respiration function (peak expiratory velocity, MOS75 (p&lt;0.05)). Psychological testing revealed decreased irritability, emotional lability, decreased anxiety, normalization of activity level, increased efficiency in children under the influence of normobaric hypoxic therapy. The manifestations of meteorological stability decreased in most children, the severity structure of weather-related exacerbations changed: reactions of moderate severity decreased, severe manifestations of meteorological pathology practically disappeared. CONCLUSION. On the basis of the conducted research, we determined seasonal patterns in the formation of biotropic weather conditions in the Moscow metropolis, which are a risk factor in the development of weather-related exacerbations and manifestations of increased meteosensitivity in children with bronchial asthma as well as the frequency of formation of increased meteolability in such patients. We also detected the effectiveness of normobaric hypoxic therapy as a method of preventing meteopathic reactions in children with bronchial asthma.

Effect of Mobile Interventional Care on Pressure Ulcer Prevention in Children

Effect of Mobile Interventional Care on Pressure Ulcer Prevention in Children

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding First Aid for Burns and its Prevention in Children Among Mothers of Under-five Children

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding First Aid for Burns and its Prevention in Children Among Mothers of Under-five Children

Preventing Childhood Adversity Through Economic Support and Social Norm Strategies

Through the Essentials for Childhood program, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funds 7 state health departments (states) to address the urgent public health problem of adverse childhood experiences and child abuse and neglect, in particular. Through interviews and document reviews, the paper highlights the early implementation of 2 primary prevention strategies from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's child abuse and neglect technical package with the greatest potential for broad public health impact to prevent adverse childhood experiences-strengthening economic supports and changing social norms. States are focused on advancing family-friendly work policies such as paid family and medical leave, livable wage policies, flexible and consistent work schedules, as well as programs and policies that strengthen household financial security such as increasing access to Earned Income Tax Credit. In addition, states are launching campaigns that focus on reframing the way people think about child abuse and neglect and who is responsible for preventing it. State-level activities such as establishing a diverse coalition of partners, program champions, and state action planning have helped to leverage and align resources needed to implement, evaluate, and sustain programs. States are working to increase awareness and commitment to multisector efforts that reduce adverse childhood experiences and promote safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments for children. Early learning from this funding opportunity indicates that using a public health approach, states are well positioned to implement comprehensive, primary prevention strategies and approaches to ensure population-level impact for preventing child abuse and neglect and other adverse childhood experience.

Effectiveness of fluoride varnishes on oral health: A systematic review

Background: Professionally topical fluoride such as fluoride varnish was approved for preventing and remineralizing dental caries in primary and permanent dentitions. As such, fluoride varnish occupies a privileged place since it is the only topical fluoride for professional use applicable for children under 6 years of age, due to its simplicity, speed, rapidity and safety of use. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of professional fluoride varnish in preventing and managing dental caries in primary teeth. Method: A systematic search of publications from 2013 to 2020 was conducted using 3 databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The key words used were “fluoride varnish, children, prevention, remineralization and early childhood caries”. Reviews, non-English articles, and irrelevant studies were excluded. Results: in this article, a total of 08 reports were retained: 4 systematic reviews and 4 trials were included in this review. Three reports investigated the preventive effect on primary teeth using fluoride varnish: 2 comparing fluoride varnish with no treatment and 1 comparing fluoride varnish with standard health program. Two trials investigated the managing effect of dental caries on primary teeth comparing fluoride varnish with standard health program. 1 review reported an arresting effect on dentine caries using silver diamine fluoride. 4 Meta-analysis were performed using 5% Sodium fluoride varnish, to prevent and manage caries, and the preventive fraction ranged from 23% to 70%; highest percentage of 69.9% preventive fraction was observed. Conclusion: The effectiveness of fluoride varnish for the prevention of dental caries was proved, however it depended on the individual caries risk, the area of living of the child and if it is used in complement with a standard health program. On the other hand, the effectiveness of fluoride varnish for the management of dental caries depended on the localization of dental caries.

Analysis Of Factors Related To Stunting Prevention In Children Aged 2-5 Years

Background: Nutritional status in Indonesia, especially stunting in toddlers, is still a problem that is influenced by many interrelated factors. This Study aimed to analyze the factors related to prevention of stunting in toddlers.&#x0D; Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The population was 131 mothers who have children aged 2-5 years at Timbulharjo village, Sewon, Bantul with number of samples are 57 people using purposive sampling technique. The independent variables were prior related behavior, education level, socio-economic status, perceived benefits to action and perceived barrier to action. Dependent variable was prevention of stunting. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression with a significance level α 0.05. &#x0D; Results: The vast majority (54.4%) of maternal education is high school (61.4%) with a family income of &lt;1,790,500, most respondents have the benefit of perceived actions insufficient categories (56.1%). High prior related behavior was 1.26 times better at stunting prevention than low prior related behavior. Any change per 1 unit on the previous behavioral variable and a change per 1 unit on the benefit variable of the perceived action, will increase the likelihood of stunting prevention behavior (4.6%).&#x0D; Conclusion: Factors associated with stunting prevention behavior are prior related behavior and perceived benefit to action. The dominants factor related to stunting prevention behavior is prior related behavior. This research showed that it is able to add information and improve stunting prevention behavior for the community. This can be realized through collaboration with health workers to conduct integrated service program held an activities, training, workshop, and family mentoring related to stunting prevention.

Prevention of Children's Sports Related Injuries: A Review

Sports dentistry is one of dentistry's newest and most promising fields. It primarily focuses on the prevention and treatment of orofacial injuries and disorders connected with athletics. The most prevalent sort of orofacial injury received while participating in sports is dental injuries. Many young sportsmen are unaware of the health risks associated with a traumatic mouth injury or the possibility of suffering severe head and orofacial injuries while playing. So wearing basic protective gear such as correctly fitting helmets, face masks, and/or mouth guards is the most important factor in reducing sports-related orofacial injuries. A dentist can help young athletes, coaches, and patients understand the importance of preventing orofacial injuries in sports. The purpose of this paper is to raise professional knowledge and interest in young children to provide an insight into prevention measures for sports related injuries.

Sustaining Togetherness; Family Engagement in Tuberculosis Prevention in Children Living in Tuberculosis Households in Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Preventing tuberculosis (TB) in children needs the family to be engaged; however, limited studies about how the family engages in TB prevention. AIM: This aimed of study was to develop the process of family engagement in TB prevention for children with household contact of TB patient. METHODS: Guided by Straussian grounded theory, we developed a substantive theory from 14 primary caregivers in West Java-Indonesia as the key participants of families whose child ≤5 years old received TB screening and preventive therapy, and have had an adult in the household with active TB diagnosis. Data were collected by in-depth interviews and analyzed by coding procedures. RESULTS: Sustaining togetherness aimed to maintain the children’s health, which underpinned three main stages that consisted of “moving from fear to realization,” “making the family’s collective decision,” and “holding on together.” CONCLUSION: Implications for nursing practice in providing optimum care of preventing TB among children through engagement of family.

The Effect Of Sex Education Using Wheel Of Fortune Media On Preventive Sexual Abuse In Early Children In Kindergarten Selaras Cita Malang City

The time of children is often referred to by the term The Golden Age. Early childhood takes control of adults in the process of child development. Many children experience developmental problems one of which is sexual violence. According to Pramastri 2014, sexual assault is sexual activity in children who do good by adults, as well as the children of peers with the victim. One way of addressing the problems of the high number of sexual assaults on children is providing sex education in early childhood. Media Wheel of Fortune this can encourage children to participate in learning. Therefore, this Wheel of Fortune media provide feedback directly. The design of this study using One Group Pre Test Post Test design with a population of 33 children, using the technique of sampling Simple Random Sampling, with the number of samples 30 children who meet the criteria for inclusion. Data retrieval is performed using ceklist as a research instrument. Then the data were analyzed using SPSS the test with wilcoxon signed rank test, p equal 0.05, indicates that the value significance of 0.007. Therefore the value of significance p 0.05 greater then H0 is rejected, meaning rejected, meaning there are influences of sex education using media wheel of fortune against preventive early childhood sexual abuse at Selaras Cita Kindergarten in Malang City. Expected health workers specifically midwives can be used as input in the prevention of child sexual violence and make other programs related to sex education for children.

Covid-19 and pathways to health inequities for families in a socioeconomically disadvantaged area of Sweden \u2013 qualitative analysis of home visitors\u2019 observations

BackgroundLack of control over life situations is an important social determinant that may negatively affect parental and child health. This study took place in an area of Stockholm, Sweden with high indications of socioeconomic disadvantage, a large part of the population with foreign background, as well as higher levels of poor health than the county average. It investigated staff perceptions of pathways from situations of low control, potentially leading to health inequities, affecting families enrolled in an early childhood home visiting programme during the Covid-19 pandemic.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were carried out with 23 child health care nurses and parental advisors working in a home visiting programme. The data was analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis.ResultsThe analysis resulted in five pathways on two explanatory levels, affecting parents’ health and parenting capacity and children’s health and well-being, potentially damaging health and leading to health inequities. The first four pathways related to control at the personal explanatory level: Families facing instability and insecurity; Caring for children in crowded and poor housing conditions; Experiencing restricted access to resources; and Parenting with limited social support. The fifth pathway, Living in a segregated society, covered the collective experience of lack of control on community level. The Covid-19 pandemic was observed to negatively affect all pathways and thus potentially aggravate health inequities for this population. The pandemic has also limited the delivery of home visits to the families which creates further barriers in families’ access to resources and increases isolation for parents with already limited social support.ConclusionsThe diversity of pathways connected to health inequities presented in this study highlights the importance of considering this variety of influences when designing interventions for socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. The additional negative consequences of Covid-19 indicate the need for sustainable preventive early childhood interventions for families in such areas. The study also emphasizes the need for further research as well as policy action on possible long-term effects of changing behaviours during the Covid-19 period on child health and health equity.Trial registrationThe study was retrospectively registered (11 August 2016) in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN11832097).

Implementation of a Scalable Family-Based Behavioral Treatment for Childhood Obesity Delivered through Primary Care Clinics: Description of the Missouri Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration Study Protocol.

Background: Significant gaps exist in access to evidence-based pediatric weight management interventions, especially for low-income families who are disproportionately affected by obesity. As a part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration project (CORD 3.0), the Missouri team (MO-CORD) aims to increase access to and dissemination of an efficacious pediatric obesity treatment, specifically family-based behavioral treatment (FBT), for low-income families. Methods/Design: The implementation pilot study is a multisite matched-comparison group pilot of packaged FBT in pediatric clinics for low-income children with obesity, of ages 5 to 12 years old. The study is implemented in two Missouri pediatric primary care clinical sites, Freeman Health System Pediatric Clinics (rural Joplin) and Children's Mercy Hospital Pediatric Clinics (urban Kansas City). The design focuses on pragmatism through utilization of PRECIS (Pragmatic Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary) domains, such as open eligibility criteria, limited follow-up intensity, reliance on medical records for creating a usual care comparison group data, and unobtrusive measurement of participant and provider adherence. The evaluation focuses on effectiveness as well as implementation outcomes and barriers to inform implementation scale up. Conclusions: Findings from this study will advance both science and practice by providing novel and immediately useful information to families, health care providers, health care organizations, payers, and other state Medicaid plans by developing and optimizing evidence-based pediatric weight management treatment for implementation and dissemination in health systems to address health disparities among low-income populations most affected by overweight and obesity.

Translating Family-Based Behavioral Treatment for Childhood Obesity into a User-Friendly Digital Package for Delivery to Low-Income Families through Primary Care Partnerships: The MO-CORD Study.

Background: Significant gaps exist in access to evidence-based pediatric weight management interventions, especially for low-income families. As a part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration project 3.0 (CORD), the Missouri CORD (MO-CORD) team aims to increase access to and dissemination of an efficacious pediatric obesity treatment, family-based behavioral treatment (FBT), among low-income families. This article describes the MO-CORD team's approach to translating FBT into a digital package for delivery to low-income families through primary care practices. Methods: Using digital technology, the primary care setting, and existing reimbursement mechanisms, the MO-CORD team is developing a scalable user-centered design informed treatment package of FBT. This package will be implemented in primary care clinics and delivered to children (5-12 years) with obesity from low-income households in rural and urban communities. The digital platform includes three main components: (1) provider and interventionist training, (2) interventionist-facing materials, and (3) family-facing treatment materials. User-centered design techniques and continuous iterative stakeholder feedback are utilized to emphasize tailoring to a low-income population, along with scalability and sustainability of the digital package. Conclusions: The MO-CORD project addresses the critical need to increase access to obesity treatment for children from low-income households and establishes a platform for future large-scale (i.e., nation-wide) dissemination of evidence-based pediatric weight-management interventions. This study determines whether the digital FBT package can be implemented within real-world settings to create a system by which children with obesity and their families can be effectively treated in primary care settings.

Filgrastim Versus Pegfilgrastim for Neutropenia Prevention in Children with Solid Tumors: A Randomized Trial

Filgrastim Versus Pegfilgrastim for Neutropenia Prevention in Children with Solid Tumors: A Randomized Trial