Prevalence Of Nutritional Problems Research Articles

Physicochemical, nutraceutical, and sensory evaluation of a milk-type plant-based beverage of extruded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) added with iron

Milk-type beverages are popular vegan products requiring iron and calcium fortification to improve their nutritional value, as iron deficiency is the world’s most prevalent nutritional problem. This research aimed to develop and characterize an extruded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)-based milk-type beverage added with bean protein isolate and iron. The formulations included flavors (non-flavored, vanilla, and nut) and two iron concentrations (2 and 3 mg FeSO4/100 mL). Extrusion increased the beverages’ protein (+17.38 %) and starch digestibility, and reduced their antinutritional compounds (trypsin inhibitors, condensed tannins, and carbonates). Developed beverages’ formulations differed from a commercial soybean beverage in their physicochemical properties but were more nutritious (protein: 3.33–3.44 %; fiber: 3.43–4.08 %). Iron-added beverages displayed a medium sensory acceptance (best overall likeness: 5.3–6.2). The developed beverage is a suitable, sensory-accepted, and nutritious bean-based beverage, suggesting novel research lines improving vegan beverage formulations to increase average daily iron intake.

Micronutrient status 2 years after bariatric surgery: a prospective nutritional assessment.

Among commonly performed bariatric surgeries, biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) provides greater weight loss than Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG), with sustained metabolic improvements. However, the risk of long-term nutritional deficiencies due to the hypoabsorptive component of BPD-DS hinders its widespread use. The aim of the study was to examine nutritional status over 2 years after BPD-DS, RYGB or SG. Patients were recruited in the REMISSION trial (NCT02390973), a single-center, prospective study. Out of 215 patients, 73, 48 and 94, respectively, underwent BPD-DS, RYGB or SG. Weight loss, micronutrient serum levels (including iron, calcium, parathormone, vitamins A, B12 and D), and nutritional supplementation were assessed over 2 years. Patients were supplemented according to the type of surgery and individual micronutrient level evolution. At baseline, BPD-DS patients were younger than SG patients (p = 0.0051) and RYGB patients had lower body mass index (p < 0.001). Groups had similar micronutrient levels before surgery, with vitamin D insufficiency as the most prevalent nutritional problem (SG: 38.3%, RYGB: 39.9%, BPD-DS: 54.8%, p = 0.08). BPD-DS patients showed lower levels of iron, calcium and vitamin A than SG patients at 24 months. Groups had similar levels of vitamin D at 24 months. Prevalence of vitamin D, calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin B12 deficiency was similar among groups at 24 months. Rates of vitamin D insufficiency and iron deficiency were lower at 24 months than at baseline. Micronutrient intake was consistent with recommendations in groups post-surgery, but most BPD-DS patients took vitamin A and vitamin D supplement doses above initial recommendations. With appropriate medical and nutritional management, all surgeries led to similar rates of vitamin D, calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin B12 deficiencies at 24 months. However, initial vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation recommendations for BPD-DS patients should be revised upwards.

Barriers to Stunting Intervention at a Community Health Center: A Qualitative Study

Stunting is one of Indonesia's most prevalent nutritional problems, with a prevalence rate of 24.4%. In Samosir Regency, the prevalence of stunting remains relatively high at 28.4%. Community health centers are crucial in the community's efforts to accelerate stunting reduction. This study aimed to explore the barriers a community health center faces in implementing the stunting reduction acceleration program. Method: Using a qualitative case study design, the study was conducted at Buhit community health center in Samosir Regency from August to December 2022. The key informants for this study included the community health center leader, head of administration, nutritionist, and midwife. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and document review. The results identified several barriers to the implementation of the Accelerated Stunting Reduction Programme. These barriers encompassed limited staff resources and concurrent positions, the availability and suitability of anthropometric tools, a lack of coordination in planning activities between management and program officers, families' fear of the negative stigma associated with stunting, and low levels of community participation. Farmers who do not comply with safe behavior will have a higher health risk because of the toxicity of pesticides that can be directly inhaled and enter through the pores of the farmers' skin

EFFECT OF PARENTING STYLE ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF TODDLERS IN SURABAYA

Background: Nutrition is crucial for sustaining a golden phase over the first two years. Nutritional problems that develop early on will lead to more difficult future health problems. The most prevalent nutritional problems are found within the ages of 12 to 24 months. Purpose: to analyze the effect of parenting style on nutritional status of under two years babies. Methods: This study is an observational reasearch with cross-sectional approach. 685 toddlers and their parents made up the study's population, and a total of 75 were selected by accidental sampling. Anthropometric measures and questionnaires were used to gather the data. PSDQ (Parenting Style and Dimension Questionnaire) were used to identify parenting style. Results: Parenting styles for children's nutritional status were examined using the chi-square test, which revealed a value of 0.018. Conclusions: The study's findings suggest that parenting style and children's nutritional status are related.

PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF MALNUTRITION AMONG UNDER FIVE YEARS OF CHILDREN IN THE FIELD PRACTICE AREA OF RURAL HEALTH TRAINING CENTRE, NAILA JAIPUR

Objective: Malnutrition among children under the age of five is a global health concern, particularly in developing countries. In India, prevalent nutritional problems include stunting, wasting, anemia, poverty, and low birth weight. These forms of malnutrition have severe consequences for children's health and overall well-being, making malnutrition a leading risk factor for children under five worldwide. Efforts to address malnutrition in developing countries, including India, have been a focus of United Nations' Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) aimed at improving child health outcomes. However, despite these efforts, malnutrition remains a significant concern, particularly among women and children in India.&#x0D; Methods: The study was conducted in the rural community of Jamuwaramgarh block in Rajasthan, Jaipur District, India. The sample size was calculated based on a prevalence rate of malnutrition among under-five children. Ethical approval was obtained, and only mothers with children aged 6-59 mo were included in the study. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select the study participants, including sub-block, primary health centers, villages, and households. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, immunization, breastfeeding, and weaning practices were collected through interviews. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and the data were entered into Microsoft Excel for analysis.&#x0D; Results: The study included 700 children under the age of five. The prevalence of malnutrition among children in the study area was determined. The data collected on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, and other variables were analyzed to identify the determinants of malnutrition among rural Indian children.&#x0D; Conclusion: Malnutrition among children under the age of five remains a significant public health concern, particularly in developing countries like India. Stunting and wasting are prevalent forms of malnutrition, with serious consequences for children's growth and development. Despite efforts to address the issue, progress has been slow, and the prevalence of malnutrition in India is still alarmingly high.

Association of maternal anemia with perinatal outcomes

Introduction: Anemia is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiency problems afflicting pregnant women. Anemia that complicates pregnancy threatens the life of both the mother and the fetus. Nowadays, maternal anemia is considered as a public health problem in the world, especially in developing countries. Pregnancy increases considerably the iron needs in a mother. Iron deficiency is the most common cause for anemia during pregnancy.Aims and objectives: To assess the association of maternal anemia with perinatal outcomes. To assess the association of anemia with postpartum haemorrhage, puerperal sepsis, venous thrombosis, subinvolution of uterus, lactational failure, delayed wound healing, maternal morbidity and mortality. To determine the relationship between maternal anemia during pregnancy and intrauterine death, IUGR, infant low birth weight, APGAR scores, preterm birth, stillbirth, neonatal morbidity and mortality.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 women who attended antenatal OPD, out of which 50 women diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia and 50 women who are non anemic and delivered at kamineni institute of medical sciences, narketpally from january 2022 to june 2022. Women whose age > 19 years and < 36 years, women with multiple gestation, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, oligohydramnios, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, previously known case of hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, chronic renal disease, chronic liver disease, aplastic anemia and women who did not give consent to participate in the study are excluded from the study. Results: In this study of 50 anemic patients, 10 of them had mild anemia (20%), 17 of them had moderate anemia (34%), 19 of them had severe anemia (38%), 4 of them had very severe anemia (8%). Distribution according to maternal outcomes out of 50 patients, was 17 patients (34%) had IUGR, 16 patients (32%) had preterm delivery, 13 patients (26%) had delayed wound healing, 9 patients (18%) had lactational failure, 2 patients (4%) had intrauterine death. There are no cases of postpartum haemorrhage, puerperal sepsis and no maternal death. In this study of 50 patients, distribution according to neonatal outcomes was 20 patients (40%) had low birth weight, 19 patients (38%) had low APGAR scores, 7 patients (14%) had neonatal sepsis and no cases of neonatal anemia and neonatal death.Conclusion: Anemia is significantly associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes and as the severity of anemia is increased, its adverse effects are even worse. Routine iron and folic acid, micronutrient supplementation regularly and whenever indicated parenteral iron infusions or blood transfusions must be done during pregnancy which prevents such adverse outcomes and has beneficial effects on the pregnancy outcome. Therefore, it is necessary for identification of anemia antenatally, prompt treatment for correction of anemia and measures to reduce the incidence of anemia in pregnancy to prevent adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

CHARTING (CHILDERN SMART ANTI SUNTING): INISIASI GERAKAN GENERASI EMAS BEBAS STUNTING DAN PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

The prevalence of nutritional problems among elementary school children in Indonesia is still high and prevalent. One of the nutritional problems, namely stunting, is caused by infectious diseases due to lack of Clean and Healthy Behavior (CHB). This service aims to provide education on various stunting prevention measures to create a stunting-free golden generation and improve public health. The sample used were elementary school children with a total of 67 children in 3 different schools with different activities. The implementation method consisted of several stages, namely, planning, field action in the form of socialization and demonstration, and the provision of pretest and posttest. The outcome of this activity is the improvement of knowledge and skills related to CHB as a prevalence of stunting nutritional problems measured by a questionnaire instrument (pretest and posttest). From this service, the community can provide education on anti-worm medication for children, the use of magnetic boards with replicas of various food examples and picture cards as learning media, the culture of consuming additional food besides daily staple food, and forming a clean lifestyle through dental, oral, and hand hygiene. The description of the data results based on the average pretest and posttest in the three sample schools shows an increase in knowledge related to nutritious and non-nutritious food and Clean and Healthy Behavior (CHB) in schools from 83% to 93% and Provision of Supplementary Feeding for School Children PMT-AS also increased from 82% to 100%.

Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Rat Offspring Hypertension in Relation to Renin-Angiotensin System and Oxidative Stress.

Hypertension is an important public health challenge, affecting up to 30–50% of adults worldwide. Several epidemiological studies indicate that high blood pressure originates in fetal life—the so-called programming effect or developmental origin of hypertension. Iron-deficiency anemia has become one of the most prevalent nutritional problems globally. Previous animal experiments have shown that prenatal iron-deficiency anemia adversely affects offspring hypertension. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We used a maternal low-iron diet Sprague Dawley rat model to study changes in blood pressure, the renal renin-angiotensin system, oxidative stress, inflammation, and sodium transporters in adult male offspring. Our study revealed that 16-week-old male offspring born to mothers with low dietary iron throughout pregnancy and the lactation period had (1) higher blood pressure, (2) increased renal cortex angiotensin II receptor type 1 and angiotensin-converting enzyme abundance, (3) decreased renal cortex angiotensin II receptor type 2 and MAS abundance, and (4) increased renal 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and interleukin-6 abundance. Improving the iron status of pregnant mothers could influence the development of hypertension in their offspring.

Effects of Maternal Anemia on Neonatal Outcome

Introduction: Anemia is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiency problem affecting pregnant women. It is defined by World Health Organization as hemoglobin (Hb) level of less than 11 g/dl. Hemoglobin level of 9.0- 10.9 g/dl is mild, 7.0-8.9 g/dl is moderate and less than 7 g/dl is severe anemia respectively. Maternal anemia in pregnancy is commonly considered as a risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome and can result in complications that threaten the life of both mother and fetus.&#x0D; Aims: To find out neonatal outcome delivered to anemic mothers.&#x0D; Methods: A prospective case control study was carried out among 75 newborns delivered to pregnant women with hemoglobin below 10.9g/dL. Another 75 newborns were taken delivered at the same time, matched age and sex wise as a control group to mothers whose hemoglobin was more than 11g/dl.&#x0D; Results: Out of total 75 cases 35(46.7%) mothers had mild, 32(42.6%) had moderate and 8(10.7%) had severe anemia respectively. Similarly, the risk of having preterm baby among anemia group was 4.42 times higher than that in control group (p 0.033). The risk of having low birth weight in anemia group was 3.9 times higher than that in control group (p 0.04). The mean of head circumference (HC) among the anemia group was 33.9cm +1.40 (Mean+SD) and among the control group was 34.4cm+1.24(Mean+SD) with a mean difference of 0.5cm (p 0.032). The mean of length among anemia group was 45.3cm+1.97 (Mean+ SD) and among the control group was 46.2cm+1.69 (Mean+ SD) with a mean difference of 0.9 cm (p 0.003).&#x0D; Conclusion: Maternal anemia in pregnancy is associated with increased risk of adverse neonatal outcome. Efforts must be made to reduce the prevalence of anemia especially during pregnancy to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Anaemia and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in agrarian community of Bale zone: a cross-sectional study.

Anaemia remains among the most prevalent nutritional problems among children in developing countries. In Ethiopia, more than half of children <5 years of age are anaemic. In the early stages of life, it leads to poor cognitive performance, delay psychomotor development and decreases working capacity in later life. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anaemia among children aged 6-23 months in the Bale zone. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2021. Multistage stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques were employed to select 770 samples. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic, child health and feeding practices. Haemoglobin levels were estimated using a portable Hemosmart machine. Children with haemoglobin values below 11 g/dl were considered anaemic. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with anaemia. Statistical significance was set at P < 0⋅05. The prevalence of anaemia was 47⋅9% (95% CI (44⋅4, 51⋅5)). The multivariate analysis showed that child age (6-11 months) (AOR 1⋅47; 95% CI (1⋅06, 2⋅03)), household food insecurity (AOR 1⋅44; 95% CI (1⋅01, 2⋅04)), having diarrhoea and cough in the past 2 weeks (AOR 1⋅70; 95% CI (1⋅18, 2⋅44)) and (AOR 1⋅97; 95% CI (1⋅28, 3⋅04), respectively), not consuming the recommended dietary diversity (AOR 2⋅72; 95% CI (1⋅96, 3⋅77)) and stunting (AOR 1⋅88; 95% CI (1⋅31, 2⋅70)) were significantly associated with anaemia. Anaemia in children aged 6-23 months was a severe public health problem in the study area. Integrated nutritional interventions combined with iron fortification and supplementation is recommended.

Prevalence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia among children with congenital heart defects at tertiary hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent nutritional problem worldwide with children being the most vulnerable. In children with congenital heart defect (CHD), ID may lead to iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) which carries a poor prognosis due to exacerbation of left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with ID and IDA among children with CHD at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) and Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute (JKCI) in Tanzania. a descriptive hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 238 participants with echocardiography confirmed CHD presenting at MNH and JKCI. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and medical history. Anthropometric measurements were done and blood samples for evaluation of complete blood count, serum ferritin and C-reactive protein were collected. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, median with interquartile range, were used to describe study participants. Comparison of continuous variables was performed using Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test as appropriate and Chi-square (x2) test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables to determine associations. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated to determine risk factors for iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia. All analyses were conducted using SPSS version 20 and p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. characteristic of study participant majority 66.4% (n 158) were less than 60 month of age with nearly equal number of male 51.3%(122) to female 48.7% (n 116). The overall prevalence of anaemia among study participants was 47.5% (n 238) with mild, moderate and severe anaemia being 21.4%, 21.4% and 4.6% respectively. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 26.9% (n 64) and that of iron deficiency anaemia was 20.2% (n 48). Age below 5 years, cyanotic CHD, history of recent illness and less consumption of red meat were significantly associated with iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). After controlling for independent variables, history of recent illness aOR 0.46, 95% CI 0.22-0.98 P 0.045 less frequent consumption of red meat aOR 0.11 95% CI 0.04-0.32 P <0.001 and cyanotic CHD aOR: 0.40, 95% CI 0.18-0.87; p 0.021, were associated with of iron deficiency similarly age below 5 years aOR 0.33 0, 95% CI 14-0.89 P 0.02 early weaning practices aOR 0.50 95% CI 0.23-0.97 P 0.050 less frequent consumption of red meat aOR 0.07 CI (0.02-0.24 p <0.01 were significantly associated with iron deficiency anaemia. nearly half of the children with CHD in this study had anaemia, more than a quarter had ID and one-fifth had IDA. Routine screening and management of both ID and IDA in children with CHD should be practised during weaning and throughout the childhood to prevent ventricular dysfunction further heart failure.

Basic Approach to Prevalence of Iron-Deficiency Anemia among Pregnant Women and Children in South Florida before 2003

Obviously iron deficiency is determined as the most prevalent nutritional problem in the world today. It is provoked by a lack of iron in the diet. In South Florida, since pregnant women tend to neglect prenatal care, the prevalence of anemia primarily occurs during the first and second trimesters of their pregnancy. Accordingly, medical studies show that premature deliveries, low birth weight, birth defects, infant mortality, etc. result from iron deficiency anemia. In this, birth defects are, however, considered as quite associated with folic acid deficiency anemia. That explains why, this paper also deals with the study published by the March of Dimes on folic acid and pregnancy. In addition, the paper approaches qualitatively the socioeconomic and sociocultural aspects of the disease according to eight (8) interviews conducted in Broward and Miami Date counties to highlight the existing preventive programs for vulnerable population such as women, infants and children in South Florida, USA.

Incidence Model of Intestinal Helminthiasis Infections in Toddler with Nutritional Problems in Central Kupang District, Kupang Regency

The prevalence of nutritional problems for infants under 5 years of age (toddlers) in East Nusa Tenggara reaches 40.3%, the highest compared to other provinces in Indonesia. This figure is above the national nutritional problem prevalence of 29.6%. One of the factors that causes the nutritional status of children under five is an intestinal worm infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence model of intestinal worm infection in children under five with nutritional problems in Central Kupang District, Kupang Regency. Quantitative research method with cross sectional study design. The sample size of this study is a total population of 80 children under five and the independent variables are environmental sanitation and personal hygiene and the dependent variable is malnutrition and low nutrition status. The data collection technique was carried out by weighing to determine the nutritional status and followed by fecal examination to identify worm eggs and analyzed by multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the incidence of intestinal worm infections was 42% of children under five with nutritional problems. The results of statistical tests showed that there was an effect of snacking habits p value = 0.024 and food storage p value = 0.033. The conclusion is that the incidence of intestinal worm infections in children under five with nutritional problems is influenced by eating habits and opened food storage.

The Effect of Education Based on Theory of Planned Behavior in Promoting Nutrition-related Behaviors to Prevent Anemia in Pregnant Women

Background and Aim: Iron deficiency is among the most prevalent nutritional problems during pregnancy. Besides, it can significantly affect pregnant women’s health. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of education based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on promoting anesthetic prevention nutritional behaviors in the pregnant woman. Methods &amp; Materials: This was an educational randomized controlled trial study. In total, 80 pregnant women were randomly divided into two groups of test and control (n=40/group). Data collection with reliable and validity questionnaire consist of demographic factors, knowledge, the construct of TPB (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, intention), and performance. Before performing the intervention, pre-test data were collected from the study groups. Then, the educational intervention was performed based on the results of the needs assessment for the test group, within a month and in the form of four 60-minute training sessions based on the TPB. The results were collected 3 months after the intervention and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-squared test, and correlation coefficient. Ethical Considerations: The present study was registered with the code IRCT2017052334106N1 in the Clinical Trial Registration Center of Iran and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1395.445). Results: The present research results indicated that before the intervention, all variables were the same in the study groups. However, after the intervention, the research groups significantly differed concerning all the studied structures (P&lt;0.05). Moreover, the Mean±SD pre-test performance score of the intervention group was equal to 2.88±0.415 (out of 5); accordingly, it was significantly improved after training to 3.64±0.216 (P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Educational intervention based on the TPB improved anesthetic anxiety behaviors in the studied pregnant women; such a modification can be attributed to the provided educational program in the intervention group.

Effect Of Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia On The Baby Anthropometric Measurements And Hematological Indices

Anemia is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiency problems afflicting pregnant women. Objective: - to evaluate the impact of maternal anemia on the baby anthropometric measurements (B. weight, length, head circumference) &amp; biochemicals (HB, S. iron, S. ferritin). Prospective cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted on 200 Pregnant women attending labor room at AL-Jamhoria hospital from 1st April to end of May 2012, aged between 18-42years old, who delivered vaginally. Maternal venous blood was extracted few hours before delivery for (Hb, S. iron, S. ferritin) and umbilical cord blood immediately after delivery for baby (Hb, s. ferritin, s. iron) and babies' anthropometric measurements (B. weight, Length, Head circumference) were taken. 85(42.5%) of total 200 pregnant women were anemic where (27%, 15.5%, 0%) with mild, moderate and severe anemia respectively, with hemoglobin levels (10- 10.9 g/dL, 7- 9.9 g/dL, ≤ 7 g/dL) respectively. 177 (88.5%) of them received iron supplement where (54%, 21.5%, 13%) among control, mild anemia &amp; moderate anemic groups respectively, the mean maternal hemoglobin for control, mild anemic &amp; moderate anemic groups were (12.15±0.82, 10.45±0.30, 8.97±0.74) respectively. The mean maternal iron level for control, mild anemic &amp; moderate anemic groups were (86.35±38, 74.77±2.77, 59.38±35.6) respectively, the mean babies iron levels were (41.2± 1.38, 39.3± 1.38, 37.4± 1.34) for control, mild anemic &amp; moderate anemic groups respectively. The mean maternal ferritin level for control, mild anemic, moderate anemic groups were (40.65±1.88, 24.03±39.52, 13.79±13.37) respectively with mean babies ferritin level for control, mild anemic &amp; moderate anemic groups were (260± 2.63, 321± 2.79, 195± 1.91) respectively. The Anemia is highly prevalent among pregnant women in our country and reaches 42.5% &amp; have impact on the baby growth &amp; hematological indices.

Peran kader posyandu dalam melakukan pendampingan pemberian makan bayi dan anak usia 6-24 bulan

The prevalence of nutritional problems in Banten is very high, namely 27,8% stunting and less than 15% nutrition, one of the causes is improper feeding practices for babies and children. The practice of ICF and the activeness of maternal and child health services of cadres in providing assistance to mothers who have children is expected to be able to reduce nutritional problems. This study aims to identify the role of cadres in assisting mothers to practice Infant and Child Feeding (ICF). the research was conducted a cross-sectional study. The sample is cadres of maternal and child health services, who have received training on ICF as many as 30 cadres with a purposive sampling technique. Collecting data using a questionnaire related to the characteristics of cadres including age, education, occupation, length of time as a cadre, and level of knowledge of cadres. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. As a result, there were 43,3% of cadres who were active in assisting mothers in feeding practices. There is no relationship between characteristics and the role of cadres in providing assistance to mothers of toddlers in providing food (p&gt; 0,05). In conclusion, the characteristics of cadres have no relationship with their role in providing assistance to infant feeding. Cadres can play a more active role in mentoring mothers related to providing food to children.

The Effectiveness of Kelor Leaves Powder on The Production of Breast Milk and Immunoglobulin A (Ig.A)

Nutrition problems in infants are still a public health problem that is often found in Indonesia. Malnutrition due to lack of breast milk has not been resolved, and the prevalence of nutritional problems is starting to increase. Composition of ASI contains essential nutrients that are sufficient for the baby even though the mother is in a state of malnutrition and is able to overcome infection through phagocyte and immunoglobulin cell components. Moringa leaves are proven to increase the nutrition of breast milk, containing Amino Acid and high enough protein that can improve the quality of breast milk. The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of Moringa leaf powder in increasing the production of exclusive breastfeeding and increasing immunoglobulin A (Ig.A) in infants. This research uses quantitative research with quasi-experimental method with a pre-post test design research design. The sample in this study was breastfeeding mothers with lack of milk production. The number of respondents in this study were 60 respondents breastfeeding mothers who were divided into control groups and treatment groups. Analysis of research results using the Wilcoxon test. Tha result showed that value of Zcount = 6.600&gt; Ztable = 1.645 and p-value = 0.003 (&lt;0.05). Based on the results of this analysis it can be concluded that there is an effect of the effectiveness of Moringa leaf powder on increasing the production of exclusive breastfeeding and immunoglobulin A (Ig.A) in infants.

Iron deficiency and febrile seizures: a retrospective analysis

Background: Febrile seizures (FS) are the commonest cause of seizures in children, with 2-5% of neurologically healthy children experiencing at least 1 episode. Iron deficiency is reported to be one of the most prevalent nutritional problems in the world today, especially in developing countries, with an estimated 46%-66% people affected. Our study is an attempt to clarify the relation between iron deficiency and first febrile seizure.Methods: The present study was a case control study carried from December 2016 till June 2018 in a tertiary care hospital at Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. The study was done after obtaining approval from Institutional ethical Committee.Results: 77 cases and equal number of controls were included. Males were most commonly affected (&gt;50%) as compared to females in both groups. Highest number of cases and controls were in the age group 0.5 to 1 year group, followed by 1-2 and 2-3 years group. Upper respiratory tract infection was most common etiological factor. Anemia (Hb&lt;11 gm/dl) was seen in in 84% of the cases and 65% of the controls. Serum iron and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was reduced in cases as compared to controls and this difference was highly statistically significant.Conclusions: Iron deficiency is a modifiable risk factor for first episode of febrile seizures in Indian children of age group 6 months to 5 years its early detection and timely correction may be an important determinant for prevention of febrile seizure in children.

Community based descriptive study on assessment of nutritional status among preschool children Pullipakkam village, Tamil Nadu

Background: Nutrition assessment is to obtain precise information on the prevalence of nutritional problems and identification of individuals at risk. 25.7% of Indian children under five years were underweight and 28.6% were stunted due to chronic under nutrition, India accounts for more than 3 out of 10 stunted children in the world. Under nutrition is substantially higher in rural areas. Hence, this study conducted. The objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status of preschool children (1-5 years) in Pullipakkam, field practice area of KIMSRC.Methods: An observational study conducted in Pullipakkam from January 2017 to February 2017. 75 children aged 1–5 years were selected by simple random sampling. After getting informed consent from parents, Data were collected using structured questionnaire by interview method. Chi square test at 5% α were calculated by using SPSS 20V.Results: Among 75 children, stunting (52.8%), wasting (62.3%), mid arm circumference less for age (13.3%). 73% had inadequate calories intake. There was no significant association (p&gt;0.05).Conclusions: The nutritional status of the children usually remains under question. Parents have to be properly health educated on balanced diet with locally available low cost foods has to given.

Relationship Between Status Of Nutrition And Pattern Of Menstruation With Anemia Occurrence In The Study Program Of DIII Midwifery Universitas Muslim Indonesia

One way to improve nutritional status is to consume herbal ingredients that are expected to be based on Riskesdas (2013), it was reported that the national anemia rate was 21.7%, where 18.4% occurred in males and 23.9% occurred in women. Iron deficiency anemia is the most prevalent nutritional problem in the world and affects more than 600 million people. Of all age groups, women have the highest risk for anemia, especially young women. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status (BMI) and menstrual pattern (Lama &amp; menstrual cycle) to the incidence of anemia in Young Women in Programs Study DIII Midwifery Muslim University of Indonesia. The type of this research is analytic observational research with cross sectional study approach to know the relationship of nutritional status and menstrual pattern with the incidence of anemia. Sampling in this research use sampling technique probability sampling by way of simple random sampling (simple random sampling). The population in the study were all female students of DIII Midwifery Produce, which amounted to 132 students and the sample amounted to 58 students. The results of this study found that there is no significant relationship between student's nutritional status and the incidence of anemia. This can be seen from the results of statistical tests that obtained p value of 0.306. In this study nutritional status no significant relationship with the incidence of anemia, this is because the student who has normal nutritional status obtained as much as 61.3% experienced anemia although in the case of lean students obtained 66.7% also experienced anemia. These results indicate that there is no difference in percentage between normal nutritional status with female students who have skinny nutritional status experienced anemia. The results of this study indicate that as many as 65.5% of female students have regular menstrual cycles, but also some students who have a short menstrual cycle (&lt;21 days) of 12.1% and length (&gt; 35 days) as much as 22.4% . Menstrual cycles in adolescents are very easily influenced by the atmosphere of his life, such as fatigue due to activity in school age / age and the influence of high stress. This will interfere with the menstrual cycle and will easily affect the amount and duration of blood out. The result of statistical test shows that there is no significant relationship between menstrual period with the status of anemic of DIII midwifery of the Faculty of Public Health of Muslim University of Indonesia