Prevalence Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Research Articles

Prevalence of abnormal spirometry in individuals with a smoking history and no known obstructive lung disease

IntroductionRecent evidence suggests a high prevalence of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These individuals are at risk of exacerbations and delayed treatment. We analyzed an at-risk population for the prevalence of abnormal spirometry to provide clarity into who should undergo early spirometry. MethodsWe analyzed data from the COPDGene study. Participants with ≥10 pack-years of smoking were included. Individuals with self-reported or physician-diagnosed COPD, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and/or were on inhalers were excluded. Parsimonious multivariable logistic regression models identified factors associated with abnormal spirometry, defined as either airflow obstruction (AFO) or preserved ratio impaired spirometry. Variables were selected for the final model using a stepwise backward variable elimination process which minimized Akaike information criterion (AIC). Similarly, during the 5-year follow-up period, we assessed factors associated with incident diagnosis of COPD. ResultsOf 5055 individuals, 1064 (21%) had undiagnosed AFO. Age, pack-years, current smoking and a history of acute bronchitis were associated with AFO while body mass index, female sex, and Black race were inversely associated. Among 2800 participants with 5-year follow-up, 532 (19%) had an incident diagnosis of COPD. Associated risk factors included mMRC ≥2, chronic productive cough, respiratory exacerbations during the follow-up period, and abnormal spirometry. Age was inversely associated. ConclusionsThe prevalence of undiagnosed COPD is high in at-risk populations. We found multiple factors associated with undiagnosed COPD and incident diagnosis of COPD at follow up. These results can be used to identify those at risk for undiagnosed COPD to facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Albania

Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of COPD and its associated factors among adults in Albania. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Albania in 2013-14. A nation-wide representative sample of 1200 adults aged ≥40 years was selected using multistage cluster sampling technique. All participants were interviewed about socio-demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms, smoking status and clinical characteristics. Spirometry was performed according to standard methods. COPD was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio <70% predicted. Results: Of the 1200 adults invited to participate, 939 adults or 78% (467 men and 472 women) were eligible for the study. The overall COPD prevalence (GOLD stage 1 or higher) was 12.4%; it was higher in men (17.4%) than in women (7.7%). Using Lower Limit of Normal (LLN), the prevalence of COPD was 9.9%, again higher in men (13.2%) than women (6.6%). The prevalence of doctor-diagnosed COPD was 1.3% (1.9% in men, 0.6 % in women). Male sex, smoking and increasing age were significantly associated with COPD diagnosis. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of COPD in Albania was 9.9% using BOLD standards. Smoking and increasing age were the main risk factors for COPD. The study highlights the importance of raising awareness of COPD among health professionals.

Syrian medical and non-medical students’ knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a cross-sectional online survey

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a public health challenge globally. It is characterized by persistent airflow limitation and diagnosed mainly by spirometry. However, COPD is often underdiagnosed and the lack of public awareness about it may be a reason. Syria has suffered from a conflict that has affected its health system disastrously. In addition, COPD prevalence in Syria is estimated to be the highest among middle eastern countries. Therefore, evaluation and increasing public awareness about COPD may help in reducing the COPD burden in this country. University students are an interesting population to study as universities are one of the main places of campaigns. Besides, such studies may be useful in improving the medical curriculum and teaching for COPD. Methods: A cross-sectional self-administrated online survey was conducted in this study, consisting of four sections: demographic characteristics of the study’s sample, their smoking habits, COPD-related knowledge, and sources of information about COPD. Results: Of the 794 participants, 562 were medical students and 268 were non-medical. Nearly 50% of them were either current or negative smokers. The non-medical group showed a low level of knowledge about COPD since only 27% of them had heard previously about COPD. In relation to medical students, they showed better knowledge about COPD as 80.2% of them declared that they had heard about COPD, and 71% correctly identified what COPD refers to. Only about 15% of medical students used reliable sources of medical information to get information related to COPD. Conclusions: Syrian medical and non-medical students’ knowledge of COPD is not satisfied and needs to be improved either by awareness campaigns or by improving medical curricula and teaching about this disease.

A Systematic Review on the Association between Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

A systematic review aimed to investigate the association between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), its prevalence and incidence, potential factors associated with its occurrence and its impact on mortality among these patients. We performed the literature search in PubMed, Scopus and PsycInfo from inception to February 2022 and identified 19 studies: ten cross-sectional, 5 that included cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, and 4 retrospective cohort studies. The reported prevalence of COPD ranged from 2.6% to 52.7% in patients with schizophrenia and between 3.0% and 12.9% in patients with bipolar disorder. Two studies reported an annual incidence of COPD of 2.21 cases/100 person-years in patients with schizophrenia and 2.03 cases/100 person-years in patients with bipolar disorder. Among the risk factors evaluated in three studies, only advanced age was consistently associated with the presence/occurrence of COPD in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder; the role of tobacco consumption was not investigated in those three studies. According to two studies, the likelihood of mortality from COPD showed an over 3-fold increase in patients with schizophrenia and a 2-fold increase in those with bipolar disorder compared to the overall population; COPD was also associated with increased inpatient mortality. Available data indicate that COPD in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is a major public health problem. National and international health organizations should strive to specifically address this issue by creating awareness about this health problem and developing specific programs for screening and early intervention aimed to reduce the burden of COPD in these populations.

COPD in Africa: risk factors, hospitalisation, readmission and associated outcomes—a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThis review aims to synthesise available evidence on the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), associated risk factors, hospitalisations and COPD readmissions in Africa.MethodUsing the Met-Analyses and Systematic Reviews...

Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with COPD from the United States, South Korea, and Europe

Background: Characterization studies of COVID-19 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are limited in size and scope. The aim of the study is to provide a large-scale characterization of COVID-19 patients with COPD. Methods: We included thirteen databases contributing data from January-June 2020 from North America (US), Europe and Asia. We defined two cohorts of patients with COVID-19 namely a ‘diagnosed’ and ‘hospitalized’ cohort. We followed patients from COVID-19 index date to 30 days or death. We performed descriptive analysis and reported the frequency of characteristics and outcomes among COPD patients with COVID-19. Results: The study included 934,778 patients in the diagnosed COVID-19 cohort and 177,201 in the hospitalized COVID-19 cohort. Observed COPD prevalence in the diagnosed cohort ranged from 3.8% (95%CI 3.5-4.1%) in French data to 22.7% (95%CI 22.4-23.0) in US data, and from 1.9% (95%CI 1.6-2.2) in South Korean to 44.0% (95%CI 43.1-45.0) in US data, in the hospitalized cohorts. COPD patients in the hospitalized cohort had greater comorbidity than those in the diagnosed cohort, including hypertension, heart disease, diabetes and obesity. Mortality was higher in COPD patients in the hospitalized cohort and ranged from 7.6% (95%CI 6.9-8.4) to 32.2% (95%CI 28.0-36.7) across databases. ARDS, acute renal failure, cardiac arrhythmia and sepsis were the most common outcomes among hospitalized COPD patients. Conclusion: COPD patients with COVID-19 have high levels of COVID-19-associated comorbidities and poor COVID-19 outcomes. Further research is required to identify patients with COPD at high risk of worse outcomes.

Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Five Clinical Questionnaires for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains one of the most prevalent pathologies in the world and is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, partially due to underdiagnosis. The use of clinical questionnaires to identify high-risk individuals to take them to further diagnostic procedures has emerged as a strategy to address this problem. To compare the performance of the COULD IT BE COPD, CDQ, COPD-PS, LFQ, and PUMA questionnaires for COPD diagnosis. A cross-sectional study was carried out on subjects who underwent spirometry in the third-level center. Data were collected between January 2015 and March 2020. Bivariate analysis was performed between the study variables and the presence of COPD. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC-ROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) for each questionnaire were calculated. The AUC-ROCs were compared with the DeLong test, considering a p value <0.05 statistically significant. 681 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were taken to the final analysis. The prevalence of COPD was 27.5% (187/681). The mean age of the subjects was 65.9 years (SD ± 11.79); 46.3% (315/681) were female, and 83.6% (569/681) reported respiratory symptoms. Statistically significant relationship was found for COPD diagnosis with male sex, older age, respiratory symptoms, and exposure to wood smoke (p value <0.05). The AUC-ROCs of the questionnaires were between 0.581 and 0.681. The COULD IT BE COPD questionnaire had a lower discriminatory capacity AUC-ROC of 0.581, concerning the other scores (DeLong test, p = 0.0002). The CDQ, COPD-PS, LFQ, PUMA, and COULD IT BE COPD questionnaires have acceptable performance for the diagnosis of COPD together with low sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, its use must be complemented with other diagnostic tests or techniques such as pulmonary function tests.

Epidemiological burden, risk factors, and recent therapeutic advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive disease that is certainly preventable and treatable and is caused due to the continuous exposure to noxious substances and toxic gases and is characterized by airflow limitation and chronic inflammation in the lungs coupled with persistent symptoms in the respiratory tract leading to obstructive bronchiolitis and parenchymal emphysema. The incidence and progression of COPD is a complicated pathological phenomenon and the overall severity is due to its exacerbations and comorbidities in individuals. Further, COPD is a major contributor to the global years of life lost and by 2030 it would be the third leading causes of mortality in the world. Also, knowledge on COPD, its associated conditions and the clinical understanding of the disease date back to the 16th century. The prevalence, morbidity and mortality may vary across the globe based on their exposure to smoking, tobacco, occupational pollutants, indoor pollution, outdoor air pollution, gender, age and genetic inheritance. Considering the continuous exposure to toxic substances and aging of the general population, the burden and prevalence of COPD are estimated to increase substantially in the coming years. Furthermore, COVID-19 patients with pre-existing COPD conditions suffer from severe disease progression and delay in recovery.

Physician-Diagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prevalence According to Age Groups in Türkiye

Physician-Diagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prevalence According to Age Groups in Türkiye

Pulmonary Heart Disease Associated Mortality - China, 2014-2021.

Over the latter half of the previous century, pulmonary heart disease (PHD) emerged as a significant public health issue in China. However, the current mortality rate is unknown. Utilizing the Multiple Cause of Death database, the present study aims to investigate the current state and progression of PHD-associated death in China. Data from the China National Mortality Surveillance System were used to analyze progression in mortality rates attributable to PHD from 2014 to 2021. To standardize population structure for each year during the investigation period, demographic information from the 2020 census was employed as the reference population. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) were determined based on sex, urban-rural area, and region. To identify trends in ASMR, a joinpoint regression analysis was executed. The ASMR of PHD exhibited a marked decrease, falling from 61.68 per 100,000 in 2014 to 28.53 per 100,000 in 2021. This downward trend was observable in both genders, all regions, and both urban and rural settings. The greatest ASMR values were documented in the western region. Comparative observations revealed a higher ASMR in rural areas versus urban ones and in males versus females. PHD-associated deaths predominantly occurred among older individuals, particularly those aged 80 and above. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) emerged as the principal underlying cause of death PHD-associated mortalities, accounting for between 87.41% and 93.42% of cases throughout the period 2014-2021. There was a declining trend in PHD mortality in China from 2014 to 2021, with COPD accounting for a significant proportion of these deaths. Given the high prevalence of COPD and the escalating population aging in China, PHD remains a significant health concern that warrants further attention.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Telehealth: Remote Monitoring and Patient Outcomes

The integration of telehealth interventions into the management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) represents a transformative approach to improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden on healthcare systems. With the global prevalence of COPD on the rise, innovative care models, including remote monitoring and teleconsultation, have emerged as essential tools in the early detection and management of COPD exacerbations. These interventions not only lead to a significant reduction in exacerbation frequency and severity but also enhance patients' quality of life by empowering them to take an active role in their healthcare. Improved pulmonary function, medication adherence, and cost-effectiveness further underscore the value of telehealth in COPD care. The high levels of patient satisfaction and the potential for reduced mortality rates emphasize the promising future of telehealth in COPD management. As we continue to advance in technology and healthcare delivery, the comprehensive and personalized care offered by telehealth is poised to make a lasting impact on the lives of COPD patients worldwide.

Therapeutic Approaches for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbations.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive pulmonary disorder underpinned by poorly reversible airflow resulting from chronic bronchitis or emphysema. The prevalence and mortality of COPD continue to increase. Pharmacotherapy for patients with COPD has included antibiotics, bronchodilators, and anti-inflammatory corticosteroids (but with little success). Oral diseases have long been established as clinical risk factors for developing respiratory diseases. The establishment of a very similar microbiome in the mouth and the lung confirms the oral-lung connection. The aspiration of pathogenic microbes from the oral cavity has been implicated in several respiratory diseases, including pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This review focuses on current and future pharmacotherapeutic approaches for COPD exacerbation including antimicrobials, mucoregulators, the use of bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, modifying epigenetic marks, and modulating dysbiosis of the microbiome.

Characteristics of daytime napping and its correlation with chronic diseases in Chinese adults

Objective: To describe the prevalence of daytime nap habit in participants of the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study, across 10 study regions and explore its correlation with prevalence of major chronic diseases. Methods: Participants with a self-reported pre-diagnosis of any cancer at baseline survey were excluded. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the differences in study regions and age distribution of the prevalence daytime nap habit, and its correlation with the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic liver diseases. Results: Among 510 145 participants, 39.9% had daytime nap habit in summer and 20.8% had daytime nap habit all the year round. Urban-rural differences were observed in the prevalence of summer nap habit and perennial nap habit. Daytime nap in summer was common in rural areas and Suzhou, with prevalence ranged from 32.9% to 73.3%. Haikou and Liuzhou had higher prevalence of perennial nap (60.4% and 63.3%). The proportion of people with daytime nap habit all the year round increased with age (P for trend <0.001), the proportion was highest in those aged 70- years (31.9%). Daytime nap habit in summer was positively correlated with the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, CHD and chronic liver disease with OR of 1.10 (95%CI: 1.07-1.14), 1.03 (95%CI:1.02-1.05), 1.07 (95%CI: 1.02-1.12) and 1.07 (95%CI:1.00-1.14), respectively. Daytime nap habit all the year round was positively correlated with the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, CHD, stroke, COPD and chronic liver disease with OR of 1.33 (95%CI: 1.29-1.37), 1.11 (95%CI: 1.09-1.13), 1.39 (95%CI: 1.33-1.45), 1.33 (95%CI: 1.26-1.41), 1.12 (95%CI: 1.08-1.16) and 1.27 (95%CI:1.18-1.37) respectively. Conclusion: There were regional and age differences in prevalence of daytime nap habit among CKB participants. Daytime nap habit, especially daytime nap habit all the year round, was positively correlated with the prevalence of major chronic diseases.

Trends of COPD in Spain: Changes Between Cross Sectional Surveys 1997, 2007 and 2017

IntroductionWe aim to describe the changes in prevalence and risk factors associated to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Spain, comparing three population-based studies conducted in three timepoints. MethodsWe compared participants from IBERPOC conducted in 1997, EPISCAN conducted in 2007 and EPISCAN II in 2017. COPD was defined as a postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC (forced expiratory volume in 1s/forced vital capacity) ratio <0.70, according to GOLD criteria; subsequently, also as the FEV1/FVC below the lower limit of normal (LLN). ResultsCOPD prevalence in the population between 40 and 69 years decreased from 21.6% (95% CI 20.7%–23.2%) in 1997 to 8.8% (95% CI 8.2%–9.5%) in 2017, a 59.2% decline (p<0.001).In 2007, the prevalence was 7.7% (95% CI 6.8%–8.7%) with an upward trend of 1.1 percentage points in 2017 (p=0.073). Overall COPD prevalence decreased in men and women, although a significant increase was observed in the last decade in females (p<0.05). Current smokers significantly increased in the last decades (25.4% in 1997, 29.1% in 2007 and 23.4% in 2017; p<0.001). Regrettably, COPD underdiagnosis was constantly high, 77.6% in 1997, 78.4% in 2007, and to 78.2% in 2017 (p=0.95), higher in younger ages (40–49 yrs and 50–59 yrs) and also higher in women than in men in all three studies (p<0.05). ConclusionsWe report a significant reduction of 59.2% in the prevalence of COPD in Spain from 1997 to 2017 in subjects aged 40–69 years. Our study highlights the significant underdiagnosis of COPD, particularly sustained in women and younger populations.

Prevalence of COPD in Patients with Lung Cancer

Abstract Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs worldwide. Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and is the leading cause of cancer mortality, accounting for almost 25% of all cancer deaths. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of COPD in patients with lung cancer (LC). Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study. Consecutive patients with suspected LC in a respiratory clinic were studied. The method of verification of the lung abnormalities (fibrobronchoscopy and/or transthoracic biopsy) was performed. Postbronchodilator spirometry was performed. An FEV1/FVC ratio &lt; 0.7 was diagnostic for the presence of COPD. The association between the presence of COPD and LC with other routine tests (laboratory tests, blood gas analysis, CT) was also analyzed. Results: A total of 65 patients with verified LC were included. 48.4% of the LC patients in this study had COPD. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of COPD in the different subgroups of non-small cell cancer: unspecified non-small cell cancer – 62.5%, squamous cell cancer – 50%, adenocarcinoma – 45.8% (p = 0.33). Patients with COPD and LC had lower FEV1 (56.9 vs. 70.5%, p = 0.01) but not FVC (71.6 vs. 74.6%, p = 0.67). The presence of COPD in LC patients was associated with lower leukocytes (8.8 vs. 11.3 x109, p = 0.018). Squamous cell cancer was associated with a higher number of leukocytes compared to adenocarcinoma (11.0 vs. 8.4 x109, p = 0.026), although smoking showed no clear association with histology. Conclusion: Nearly half (48.4%) of the patients with LC also had COPD.

The Alonissos Study: Cross-Sectional Study of the Community Respiratory Health Status in a Greek Healthcare Access Underprivileged Island.

In this study, we investigated the self-reported (questionnaire-based) prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) and the prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) in the context of demographics and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the general population of Alonissos, a non-profit line island in Greece (i.e., with scarce boat transportation to the mainland). In this cross-sectional study, 236 inhabitants of Alonissos participated (circa 10% of the island's population), and 115 males and 121 females were evaluated with appropriate questionnaires for OSAS, COPD, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet and subsequently underwent spirometry testing to establish COPD diagnosis. The self-reported prevalence of OSAS and COPD was 9.44% and 18.8%, respectively. However, only 8.99% of the participants were diagnosed with COPD based on their spirometry testing. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was moderate. The high prevalence of COPD and OSAS in this underprivileged island in terms of healthcare access highlights the need for improvements in health promotion and primary healthcare provision in non-profit line Greek islands.

Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among rural population: A national survey in Bangladesh.

In Bangladesh, there is a scarcity of nationally representative data on the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To estimate the COPD prevalence in rural settings, this cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh, and involved adults aged 40 years and above. By using multi-stage random sampling, 2,458 individuals were enrolled. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines were used to diagnose COPD based on post-bronchodilator lung function, while additional participant data was gathered through computer-assisted personal interviews. A 2% COPD prevalence (95% CI: 1.45, 2.55) was found in the study sample with a statistically significant difference between males (2.7%; 95% CI: 1.8, 3.6) and females (1.2%; 95% CI: 0.59, 1.81). Increasing age significantly inflated the odds of having COPD irrespective of sex (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.05; P value < 0.05). Furthermore, prevalence of COPD was higher among manual workers, cigarette smokers, and those that used the indoor kitchen and did not have a primary education. Sex-based analysis showed that smokeless tobacco consumption was significantly associated with COPD occurrence among males (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.05, 4.37; P value < 0.05), but not females. Further, using an indoor kitchen increased the odds of developing COPD by 400% among female participants (OR: 4.39; 95% CI: 1.37, 14.10; P value < 0.05). This study provides a comprehensive sex-based estimation of COPD prevalence among rural population and imparts significant contribution to the growing database on COPD prevalence in Bangladesh.

Effect of asthma, COPD, and ACO on COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prevalence of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) in patients with COVID-19 varies, as well as their risks of mortality. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of asthma, COPD, and ACO as comorbidities, and to determine their risks of mortality in patients with COVID-19 using a systematic review and meta-analysis. We systematically reviewed clinical studies that reported the comorbidities of asthma, COPD, and ACO in patients with COVID-19. We searched various databases including PubMed (from inception to 27 September 2021) for eligible studies written in English. A meta-analysis was performed using the random-effect model for measuring the prevalence of asthma, COPD, and ACO as comorbidities, and the mortality risk of asthma, COPD, and ACO in patients with COVID-19 was estimated. A stratified analysis was conducted according to country. One hundred one studies were eligible, and 1,229,434 patients with COVID-19 were identified. Among them, the estimated prevalence of asthma, COPD, and ACO using a meta-analysis was 10.04% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.79-11.30), 8.18% (95% CI, 7.01-9.35), and 3.70% (95% CI, 2.40-5.00), respectively. The odds ratio for mortality of pre-existing asthma in COVID-19 patients was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.55-1.4; p = 0.630), while that in pre-existing COPD in COVID-19 patients was 3.79 (95% CI, 2.74-5.24; p<0.001). France showed the highest prevalence of asthma followed by the UK, while that of COPD was highest in the Netherlands followed by India. Pre-existing asthma and COPD are associated with the incidence of COVID-19. Having COPD significantly increases the risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19. These differences appear to be influenced by the difference of locations of disease pathophysiology and by the daily diagnosis and treatment policy of each country.

The efficacy of mass screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using screening questionnaires in a medical health check-up population

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease, highlighting the need for efficient screening strategies to identify patients with COPD. However, there is little evidence regarding the efficacy of mass screening for COPD, and no epidemiological studies on COPD have been conducted in the Shikoku region of Japan. In this cross-sectional study, we originally investigated the efficacy of mass screening for COPD among community residents in the aforementioned region using two COPD screening questionnaires. From July 2018 through January 2019, 688 participants were enrolled. COPD was diagnosed using the Global Initiative for the Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria. Twenty-one patients were newly diagnosed with COPD and 19 (90.5%) had early stages COPD. The prevalence of COPD in this study was 3.1%. The COPD Population Screener (COPD-PS) questionnaire and the International Primary Care Airways Guidelines (IPAG) questionnaire had extremely high negative predictive values in discriminating participants with COPD from those without. The scores of both questionnaires were correlated with spirometric tests and with each other. The COPD-PS questionnaire had significantly better specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value than the IPAG questionnaire. Moreover, only the COPD-PS questionnaire was identified as an independent factor for predicting COPD diagnosis in the multivariate analysis. Mass screening for COPD using screening questionnaires, particularly the COPD-PS questionnaire, might be useful to identify the early stages of COPD in a medical health check-up population.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Saturasi Oksigen dan Lama Hari Rawat Pada Pasien PPOK yang Mendapatkan Posisi Semifowler di RS Hermina Ciputat

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung disease which has a chronic obstruction in airway that can interefere normal respiration led to death. Patients with COPD usually show symptoms such as dyspnea that are most frustrating in patients with COPD that can trigger the appearance of tightness and decreased saturation. The semi-fowler position is a position that can be chosen by patients who have difficulty breathing and in COPD patients is expected to optimize lung development so that oxygen saturation becomes increased. Given the many factors that contribute to oxygen saturation in patients, it is important to control the factors that affect oxygen saturation in patients who get a semi-fowler position. In addition, given the high prevalence of COPD, it is important for hospitals to identify factors that affect the length of day of treatment of patients with COPD. Identification of these factors can help health workers to plan treatment programs to plan the length of the day of treatment of patients who enter the hospital. The study aimed to identify factors that influence oxygen saturation and the length of days of treatment in COPD patients who get semi-fowler positions at Hermina Ciputat Hospital. Data collection was carried out from January 2020 to October 2021 using the cross-sectional method, namely by taking data at once at the same time through medical record data on 84 inpatients. The analysis test used in this study is the T-test and subsequently multivariate analysis is carried out using linear regression tests. Based on the analysis test, the factors that affect oxygen saturation are gender, smoking history, and initial saturation value. While the factors that affect the length of treatment are the history of smokers and the history of comorbid. Respondents who had a history of smoking would experience a decrease in oxygen saturation by 0.3888. Preventive interventions through smoking-related health education need to be done to reduce the severity in patients with COPD who are hospitalized.